2023年6 月大學(xué)英語四級真題

2023年6月大學(xué)英語四級真題

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashort

essayonthetopicofOnlineShopping.Youshouldwriteatleast120words

followingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上購物已成為一種時尚

2.網(wǎng)上購物有很多好處，但也有不少問題

3.我的建議

OnlineShopping

注意：此局部試題在答題卡1上。

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassage

quicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,

choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

Forquestions8-10,completethesenfenceswiththeinformationgiven

inthepassage.

BritishCuisine:theBestofOldandNew

Britishcuisine(烹飪)hascomeofageinrecentyearsaschefs(廚師)

combinethebestofoldandnew.

WhydoesBritishfoodhaveareputationforbeingsobad?Becauseitis

bad!Thosearenotthemostencouragingwordstohearjustbeforeeating

lunchatoneofHongKong，ssmartestBritishrestaurants,Alfie'sbyKEE,

butheadchefNeilTomeshasmoretosay.

“Thepast15yearsorsohavebeenanoticeableperiodofimprovementfor

foodinEngland,theEnglishchefsays,citingthetrendinBritish

cuisineforbetteringredients,preparationandcookingmethods,andmore

appealingpresentation.ChefssuchasDeliaSmith,NigelSlater,Jamie

OliverandGordonRamsaymadethepublicrealisethatcooking-andeating

-didn，thavetobeaboringthing.Andnow,mostoftheBritishpublic

isfamiliarevenwiththeextremesofHestonBlumenthaPsmolecular

gastronomy,aformofcookingthatemploysscientificmethodstocreate

theperfectdish.

〃It'snolongerthecasethatthecommonmaninEnglandisembarrassed

toshowheknowsaboutfood,〃Tomessays.

Therewasplentyofroomforimprovement.Theproblemswiththenation，s

cuisinecanbetracedbacktotheSecondWorldWar.BeforetheWar,much

ofBritain，sfoodwasimportedandwhenGermanU-boatsbeganattacking

shipsbringingfoodtothecountry,Britainwentonrations(酉己給).

〃Asrationingcametoanendinthe1950s,technologypickedupandwas

usedtomass-producefood,，zTomessays."Andbythenpeoplewerejusthappy

tohaveadecentquantityoffoodintheirkitchens.z，

Theyweren，tlookingforcuredmeats,organicproduceorbeautiful

presentation;theywerelookingforwhatevertheycouldgettheirhands

on,andthisprioritisationofquantityoverqualityprevailedfordecades,

meaningagenerationwasbroughtupwithfoodthatcouldn，tcompetewith

neighbouringFrance,Italy,BelgiumorSpain.

BeforestarchefssuchasOliverbeganmakingcookingfashionable,itwas

hardtofindarestaurantinLondonthatwasopenafter9pm.Butinrecent

yearsthecapital，sculinary（烹飪的）scenehasdevelopedtothepoint

thatitisnowconfidentofitsabilitytopleasethetastesofany

internationalvisitor.

WiththeopeningofAlfie'sinApril,andotherssuchasThePawn,two

yearsago,modernBritishfoodhasmadeitswaytoHongKong."WithBritish

food,IthinkthatHongKongrestaurantsarekeepingup,〃saysDavidTamlyn,

theWelshexecutivechefatThePawninWanChai.〃HongKongdinersare

extremelyresponsivetonewideasorpresentations,whichisgoodnews

fornewdishes.〃

ChefsagreethatdinersinHongKongareembracingthemodernBritishtrend.

Somerestaurantsaremodifyingtherecipes（菜譜）ofBritishdishesto

breathenewlifeintotheclassics,whileothersareusingbetterquality

ingredientsbutremainingtruetoBritishtraditionsandtastes.

Tamlynisinthesecondcamp.〃Weselectourfoodveryparticularly.We

useUSbeef,NewZealandlambandforourcustards（牛奶蛋糊）weuseBird，s

CustardPowder,z/Tamlynsays."Somerestaurantsgoforcustardmadefresh

witheggs,sugarandcream,butBritishcustardisdifferent,andwestay

truetothat.〃

MatthewHill,seniormanageratthetwo-year-oldSoHorestaurant

YorkshirePudding,alsousesbetteringredientsasameansofimproving

dishes."TherearealotofexistingperceptionsaboutBritishfoodand

sowecan'talterthesetoomuch.We'reatraditionalBritishrestaurant

sotherearesomestaples（主菜）thatwillremainessentiallyunchanged.z/

Thesetraditionaldishesincludefishandchips,steakandkidneypieand

largepiecesofroastedmeats.AtAlfie's,thenewestoftheBritish

restaurantsintownandperhapsthemostgentlemen，sclub-likeindesign,

NeilTomesexplainshispassionforprovenance（原產(chǎn)地）.“Britainhas

startedtobecomereallyproudofthefoodit'sproducing.Ithasexcellent

organicfarms,beautifullycraftedcheeses,high-qualitymeats.〃

However,theBritishdon，thaveahistoryofexportingtheirfoodstuffs,

whichmakesitdifficultforrestaurantsinHongKongtosourceauthentic

ingredients.

〃WecangetalotofouringredientsonceaweekfromtheUK,〃Tamlyn

explains."Butthereisalsopressuretobuylocalandsaveonfoodmiles,

whichmeanswetakeourvegetablesfromthelocalmarkets,andthereare

alotthatworkwellwithBritishstaples.z，

ThePhoenix,inMid-Levels,offersthewidestinterpretationof"British

cuisine”,whilestilltryingtomaintainitssoul.Thegastro-pubhas

existedinvariouslocationsinHongKongsince2002.Singaporeanhead

chefTommyTehKumChaioffersdailyspecialsonablackboard,ratherthan

stickingtoamenu.ThisenableshimtoreinterpretBritishcuisine

dependingonwhatisavailableinthelocalmarkets.

〃Weusealotofingredientsthatpeoplewouldn，tperhapsassociateas

British,butarepresentedinaBritishway.Bellpeppersstuffedwith

couscous,alongsideratatouille,isaverypopulardish.”

Althoughtheingredientsmaynotstrikedinersasbeingtraditional,they

canbefoundindishesacrossBritain.

Eventhetraditionalchefsareawareoftheneedtoadapttolocaltastes

andcustoms,whilemaintainingtheBritishnessoftheircuisine.

AtYorkshirePudding,Hillsaysthathisstaffasksdinerswhetherthey

wouldliketosharetheirmeals.Smalldishes,sharedmealsandz，mixing

itup〃isnotsomethingcommonlydoneinBritain,butYorkshirePudding

willbringfulldishestothetableandofferindividualplatesforeach

diner."Thatway,peoplestillgetthepresentationofthedishesasthey

weredesigned,butcancarvethemuphowevertheylike,“Hillsays.

ThispracticeisalsopopularatThePawn,althoughlargelyfor

rotisseries(烤肉館),Tamlynsays."SometableswillarriveonaSunday,

orderawholechickenandashoulderoflamborababypig,andjuststay

forhoursenjoyingeverythingwebringoutforthem./z

SomeBritishtraditionsaretoosacred(神圣的)tomesswith,however,

Tomessays.〃I'dneverchangeafullEnglishbreakfast./z

注意：此局部試題請在答題卡1上作答。

1.WhatisBritishfoodgenerallyknownfor?

A)Itsuniqueflavour.C)Itsspecialcookingmethods.

B)Itsbadtaste.D)Itsorganicingredients.

2.TheSecondWorldWarledtoinBritain.

A)aninadequatesupplyoffoodC)anincreaseinfoodimport

B)adecreaseofgrainproductionD)achangeinpeople，seatinghabits

3.Whycouldn，tBritaincompetewithsomeofitsneighbouringcountries

intermsoffoodinthepost-wardecades?

A)Itsfoodlackedvariety.C)Itwasshortofwell-trainedchefs.

B)Itspeoplecaredmoreforquantity.D)Itdidn，thaveflavourfulfood

ingredients.

4.Withculinaryimprovementinrecentyears,London，srestaurantsarenow

abletoappealtothetastesof.

A)mostyoungpeopleC)allkindsofoverseasvisitors

B)elderlyBritishdinersD)upper-classcustomers

5.WhatdoHongKongdinerswelcome,accordingtoWelshexecutivechef

DavidTamlyn?

A)Authenticclassiccuisine.C)Newideasandpresentations.

B)Locallyproducedingredients.D)Thereturnofhome-styledishes.

6.Whileusingqualityingredients,DavidTamlyninsiststhatthedishes

should.

A)benefitpeople，shealthC)beofferedatreasonableprices

B)lookbeautifulandinvitingD)maintainBritishtraditionaltastes

7.WhydoesNeilTomessayhelovesfoodingredientsfromBritain?

A)Theyappealtopeoplefromallovertheworld.

B)Theyareproducedonexcellentorganicfarms.

C)Theyareprocessedinascientificway.

D)Theycomeinagreatvariety.

8.TamlynsaysthatbesidesimportingingredientsfromBritainonceaweek,

hisrestaurantalsobuysvegetablesfrom.

9.ThePhoenixinMid-LevelsmaynotuseBritishingredients,butpresents

itsdishes.

10.YorkshirePuddingisarestaurantwhichwillbringfulldishestothe

tablebutofferplatestothosedinerswhowouldliketo.

PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2long

conversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbe

askedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,you

mustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthe

bestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingle

linethroughthecentre.

注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答。

11.A)Heiscarelessabouthisappearance.

B)Heisashamedofhispresentcondition.

C)Hechangesjobsfrequently.

D)Heshaveseveryotherday.

12.A)Janemaybecaughtinatrafficjam.

B)Janeshouldhavestartedalittleearlier.

C)HeknowswhatsortofpersonJaneis.

D)HeisirritatedathavingtowaitforJane.

13.A)TrainingfortheMid-AtlanticChampionships.

B)Makingpreparationsforatrans-Atlantictrip.

C)Collectinginformationaboutbaseballgames.

D)Analyzingtheirrivals'on-fieldperformance.

14.A)Hehadanarrowescapeinacaraccident.

B)Heishospitalizedforaseriousinjury.

C)Helosthismothertwoweeksago.

D)Hehasbeenhavingahardtime.

15.A)Thewomanhasknownthespeakerforalongtime.

B)Themanhaddifficultyunderstandingthelecture.

C)Themanismakingafussaboutnothing.

D)Thewomanthinkshighlyofthespeaker.

16.A)Hehasdifficultymakingsenseoflogic.

B)Statisticsandlogicarebothchallengingsubjects.

C)Thewomanshouldseekhelpfromthetutoringservice.

D)Tutoringservicesareverypopularwithstudents.

17.A)HerovercoatisasstylishasJilTs.C)Jillworetheovercoatlastweek.

B)Jillmissedherclasslastweek.D)Sheisinthesameclassastheman.

18.A)Acomputergame.C)Anexcitingexperience.

B)Animaginarysituation.D)Avacationbythesea.

Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Beautifulsceneryinthecountryside.C)Painandpleasureinsports.

B)Dangersofcross-countryskiing.D)Asportheparticipatesin.

20.A)Hecan*tfindgoodexamplestoillustratehispoint.

B)Hecan'tfindapeacefulplacetodotheassignment.

C)HedoesnJtknowhowtodescribethebeautifulcountryscenery.

D)Hecan，tdecidewhethertoincludetheeffortpartofskiing.

21.A)Newideascomeupasyouwrite.

B)Muchtimeisspentoncollectingdata.

C)Alotofeffortismadeinvain.

D)Thewriter'spointofviewoftenchanges.

Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Journalistofalocalnewspaper.

B)Directorofeveningradioprograms.

C)Produceroftelevisioncommercials.

D)Hostessoftheweekly"BusinessWorldz".

23.A)Heranthreerestaurantswithhiswife'shelp.

B)Heandhiswifedideverythingbythemselves.

C)Heworkedbothasacookandawaiter.

D)Hehiredacookandtwolocalwaitresses.

24.A)Hehardlyneedstodoanyadvertisingnowadays.

B)Headvertisesalotonradioandinnewspapers.

C)HespendshugesumsonTVcommercialseveryyear.

D)Hehireschildrentodistributeadsinshoppingcenters.

25.A)Therestaurantlocation.C)Thefoodvariety.

B)Therestaurantatmosphere.D)Thefoodprice.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeach

passage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswill

bespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswer

fromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答。

PassageOne

Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.A)Itsprotectionisoftenneglectedbychildren.B)Itcannotbefully

restoredoncedamaged.

C)Therearemanyfalsenotionsaboutit.D)Therearevariousways

toprotectit.

27.A)Itmaymakethewearerfeeltired.

B)Itwillgraduallyweakentheeyesofadults.

C)Itcanleadtothelossofvisioninchildren.

D)Itcanpermanentlychangetheeyestructure.

28.A)Itcanneverbedoneevenwithhightechnology.

B)Itisthebestwaytorestoredamagedeyesight.

C)Itisamajorachievementineyesurgery.

D)Itcanonlybepartlyaccomplishednow.

PassageTwo

Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

29.A)Theythinktheyshouldfollowthecurrenttrend.

B)Nursinghomesarewell-equippedandconvenient.

C)Adultday-carecentersareeasilyaccessible.

D)Theyhavejobsandothercommitments.

30.A)Theydon，twanttouseupalltheirlifesavings.

B)Theyfeartheywillregretitafterwards.

C)Theywouldliketospendmoretimewiththem.

D)Theydon，twanttoseetheirhusbandspoorlytreated.

31.A)Provideprofessionalstandardcare.C)Befrankandseekhelpfromothers.

B)Beaffectionateandcooperative.D)Makefulluseofcommunityfacilities.

PassageThree

Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

32.A)Healthandsafetyconditionsintheworkplace.

B)Rightsandresponsibilitiesofcompanyemployees.

C)Commoncomplaintsmadebyofficeworkers.

D)Conflictsbetweenlaborandmanagement.

33.A)Replaceitsout-datedequipment.

B)Improvethewelfareofaffectedworkers.

C)Followgovernmentregulationsstrictly.

D)Provideextrahealthcompensation.

34.A)Theyrequestedtotransfertoasaferdepartment.

B)Theyquitworktoprotecttheirunbornbabies.

C)Theysoughthelpfromunionrepresentatives.

D)Theywantedtoworkshorterhours.

35.A)Toshowhowtheylovewintersports.

B)Toattracttheattentionfromthemedia.

C)Toprotestagainstthepoorworkingconditions.

D)Toprotectthemselvesagainstthecoldweather.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwi11hearapassagethreetimes,Whenthepassage

isreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.

Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillinthe

blanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhaveJustheard.Forblanks

numberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.For

theseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwrite

downthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadfor

thethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.

注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答。

Contrarytotheoldwarningthattimewaitsfornoone,timeslowsdownwhen

youareonthemove.Italsoslowsdownmoreasyoumovefaster,whichmeans

astronauts(宇航員)somedaymay(36)_solonginspacethattheywouldreturn

toanEarthofthe(37)future.Ifyoucouldmoveatthespeedoflight,

yourtimewouldstandstill.Ifyoucouldmovefasterthanlight,yourtimewould

move(38).

Althoughnoformofmatteryet(39)movesasfastasorfasterthanlight,

(40)experimentshavealreadyconfirmedthataccelerated(41)causes

atraveler*stimetobestretched.AlbertEinstein(42)thisin1905,when

he(43)theconceptofrelativetimeaspartofhisSpecialTheoryof

Relativity.Asearchisnowunderwaytoconfirmthesuspectedexistenceof

particlesofmatter(44).

Anobsessionwithtime-saving,gaining,wasting,losing,andmastering

it-(45).Humanityalsohasbeen

obsessedwithtryingtocapturethemeaningoftime.Einstein(46)

.Thus,timeandtime'srelativityare

measurablebyanyhourglass,alarmclock,oranatomicclockthatcanmeasure

abillionthofasecond.

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youare

requiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiven

inawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefully

beforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbya

letter.Pleasemarkthecorrespond!ngletterforeachiternonAnswerSheet

2withasinglelinethroughthecentre./naynotuseanyofthewords

inthebankmorethanonce.

Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Thepopularnotionthatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungeradults

isamyth,scientistssaidyesterday.

Whileelderlypeople_47_tosleepforfewerhoursthantheydidwhen

theywereyounger,thishasa(n)_48_effectontheirbrain，s

performanceandtheywouldbenefitfromgettingmore,accordingto

research.

SeanDrummond,a.psychiatrist(心'理醫(yī)生)attheUniversityofCalifornia,

SanDiego,saidolderpeoplearemore1ikelytosufferfrombrokensleep,

whileyoungerpeoplearebetteratsleeping_49_straightthroughthe

night.

Moresleepinoldage,however,is_50_withbetterhealth,andmost

olderpeoplewouldfeelbetterandmore_51_iftheysleptforlonger

periods,hesaid.

“Theabilitytosleepinonechunk(整塊時間)overnightgoesdownaswe

agebuttheamountofsleepweneedto_52_welldoesnotchange,“Dr

DrummondtoldtheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience

conferenceinSanDiego.

“It's_53_amyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleep.Themorehealthy

anolderadultis,themoretheysleepliketheydidwhentheywere_54_.

Ourdatasuggeststhatolderadultswouldbenefitfrom_55_togetas

muchsleepastheydidintheir30s.That's_56_frompersontoperson,

buttheamountofsleepwehadat35isprobablythesameamountaswe

needat75."

注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答。

A)alert

I)formally

B)associated

J)function

0attracting

K)mixed

D)cling

L；negative

E)continuing

M)sufficient

F)definitely

N)tend

G)different

())younger

SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowed

bysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare

fourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomly(隨機地)assigned

toaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalso

toagreaterlikelihood(可能性)ofconflict.

Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemay

decreaseprejudiceandcompelstudentstoengageinmoreethnically

diversefriendships.

AnOhioStateUniversitystudyalsofoundthatblackstudentslivingwith

awhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollege

careers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.

InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye-theonlyblackstudentonhis

freshmanyearfloor-saidthat"ifyou'resurroundedbywhites,youhave

somethingtoprove.〃

Researchersalsoobservedproblemsresultingfrompairinginterracial

studentsinresidences.

Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferent

racesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatone

roommatewillmoveout.

AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethree

timesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbythe

endofthesemester.

GraceKao,aprofessoratPennsaidshewasnotsurprisedbythefindings.

“Thismaybethefirsttimethatsomeofthesestudentshaveinteracted,

andlived,withsomeoneofadifferentrace,〃shesaid.

AtPenn,studentsarenotaskedtoindicateracewhenapplyingforhousing.

“Oneofthegreatthingsaboutfreshmanhousingisthat,withsome

exceptions,theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,/zsaidUndergraduate

AssemblychairmanAlecWebley."Thisisthedefinitionofintegration.z，

"I'veexperiencedroommateconflictsbetweeninterracialstudentsthat

havebothbrokendownstereotypesandreinforcedstereotypes,，zsaidone

Pennresidentadvisor(RA).TheRAoftwoyearsaddedthatwhilesome

conflicts''providedmoremulticulturalacceptanceandmelding(融合)，〃

therewerealsoz，jarringculturalconfrontations./z

TheRAsaidthattheseconflictshavealsooccurredamongroommatesof

thesamerace.

Kaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonany

oneofthestudies,notingthatmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthe

studentsneedtobestudiedandexplained.

注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答。

57.Whatcanwelearnfromsomerecentstudies?

A)Conflictsbetweenstudentsofdifferentracesareunavoidable.

B)Studentsofdifferentracesareprejudicedagainsteachother.

C)Interraciallodgingdoesmoreharmthangood.

D)Interraciallodgingmayhavediverseoutcomes.

58.WhatdoesSamBoakye，sremarkmean?

A)Whitestudentstendtolookdownupontheirblackpeers.

B)Blackstudentscancompetewiththeirwhitepeersacademically.

C)Blackstudentsfeelsomewhatembarrassedamongwhitepeersduringthe

freshmanyear.

D)Beingsurroundedbywhitepeersmotivatesablackstudenttowork

hardertosucceed.

59.WhatdoestheIndianaUniversitystudyshow?

A)Interracialroommatesaremorelikelytofallout.

B)Fewwhitestudentslikesharingaroomwithablackpeer.

C)Roommatesofdifferentracesjustdon，tgetalong.

D)Assigningstudents5lodgingrandomlyisnotagoodpolicy.

60.WhatdoesAlecWebleyconsidertobethe"definitionofintegration”?

A)Studentsofdifferentracesarerequiredtosharearoom.

B)Interraciallodgingisarrangedbytheschoolforfreshmen.

C)Lodgingisassignedtostudentsofdifferentraceswithoutexception.

D)Theschoolrandomlyassignsroommateswithoutregardtorace.

61.WhatdoesGraceKaosayaboutinterraciallodging?

A)Itisunscientifictomakegeneralizationsaboutitwithoutfurther

study.

B)Schoolsshouldbecautiouswhenmakingdecisionsaboutstudent

lodging.

C)Students，racialbackgroundshouldbeconsideredbeforelodgingis

assigned.

D)Experiencedresidentadvisorsshouldbeassignedtohandlethe

problems.

PassageTwo

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billion

ineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobal

HumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyAnnan,theformerUnited

Nationssecretarygeneral.

Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesof

health,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthat

human-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfrom

illnessesincludingmalnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良)andheat-relatedhealth

problems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexperts

onclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,

primarilyinpoorcountries,werebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimate

change.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,

Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum，sreportwas〃a

methodologicalembarrassment^becausetherewasnowaytodistinguish

deathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthe

muchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomic

developmentinvulnerable(易受傷害的)regions.Dr.Pielkesaidthat

“climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmost

attention.，zButthereport,hesaid,“willharmthecauseforaction