2023年高考英語重難題型高分攻略05 段尾設(shè)空題-（學(xué)生版）

備橫2023高考七選五之段尾設(shè)空

目錄內(nèi)容

板塊一題型解析

板塊二高考真題感悟

板塊三?？碱}練手

板塊四課后習(xí)題訓(xùn)練

-：題型解析

七選五的設(shè)空位置無非就段首；段中以及段尾；設(shè)空位置不同考查學(xué)生的能力也有所不

同；段首主要考查有以下三個(gè)方面：段尾句作為總結(jié)句；總結(jié)概括全段的內(nèi)容；其次；段尾

句充當(dāng)承上啟下的作用；承接本段前一句；引出下段第一句；最后；作為承接句；與倒數(shù)第

二句形成因果關(guān)系.

解題方向：

1.總結(jié)概括句

做題時(shí)一要注意設(shè)空的前一句或前兩三句；二要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找thus,therefore,hence,

so,asaresult,inaword,inshort,toconclude,tosumup等表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)的詞語；三要

注意與前文的邏輯關(guān)系，找到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句，如表示轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、排比等關(guān)系。如果在文

章第一段的段尾設(shè)空，要認(rèn)真閱讀看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題。通常文章的第一段要提出主題，

如果在段尾提出主題，常用一些信號(hào)詞（如轉(zhuǎn)折詞）引出來，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的信號(hào)詞。

2.承上啟下（過渡）句

做題時(shí)如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)要考慮與下一段開頭是否有銜接，

要認(rèn)真閱讀下一段的開頭幾句，看是否能緊密聯(lián)系起來。

3.因果關(guān)系承接

因果關(guān)系承接是考查最多的內(nèi)容；也是易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)；此時(shí)考查的是倒數(shù)第二句與最后一句的

因果關(guān)系；而非全段的總結(jié)概括；所以做題時(shí)應(yīng)該細(xì)心注意.

解題技巧：

（1）總結(jié)句

解題技巧：通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句，做題時(shí)注意要閱讀前文，總結(jié)前文內(nèi)容。另外，

注意查找表示結(jié)論、結(jié)果等信號(hào)詞，通過文意對(duì)應(yīng)和信號(hào)詞解題。

⑵引起下文

解題技巧：在首段結(jié)尾，或者文章最后一段的末尾，往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)引起下文、承上啟下或

者引起讀者思考的句子。

(3)文章細(xì)節(jié)

解題技巧：根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常在選項(xiàng)中會(huì)

出現(xiàn)表示并列/遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他信號(hào)線索。

前面的一句與正確答案的第一句是緊密相連的。要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常會(huì)找

到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句。

二：高考真題感悟

例題1：Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincluded

whatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedto

spendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedher

phonenumber.___9___

E.Howcanyouwriteagood"seekingtrainingpartner^^notice?

F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.

G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.

例題2：ChopstickRules

Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyou

putthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeof

thetableinfrontofyou.__12___.

E.Ifsagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplate

F.Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem

G.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal

例題3：Ihavethesame24hoursinadayasyoudo,butIhavemadespecificchoicethatallow

metomakethemostofeverydayandstillfeelhappyandrelaxed.16

Pickthemostimportant.

Combineyouractivities.

Lightenup.

E.Thethingsyoudowellusuallygiveyougreaterjoy.

F.Perhapsthesetipswillhelpyoumakethemostofyourtime.

G.Thisiswhymakinglistsisimportantinanyproductivityhandbook.

例題4：Setaregulardate

Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(聯(lián)系)and

sharewithoneanother.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.6.

D.Trytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoit

E.Friendsneedtotalkabouttheirpreferredmethodsofcommunication

F.Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia

例題5：Iftheonlyreadingyoueverdoisthenovelormagazine,thespeedatwhichyouread

-probablydoesnotmatterverymuch.Butifyouhavetoreadagreatdealfbrstudy,youwill

appreciatethebenefitsofbeingabletoreadmorequickly.11

?Beforeyouopenthebook,makesurethatyouarecomfortable.

Ifyoudecidethatyouneedtoreadthewholebook,decidehowmuchyoucanreadatatime.

Alwayskeepapencilandpaperbesideyou.

D.Herearesometipstohelpimproveyourreadingspeed.

E.Makeanoteofanypagewhichisofspecialimportance.

F.Youmayfindyourselfhavingtolearnsomethingbyheart.

三：?？碱}練手

例題1：Developyourpersonality

Beingabook-wormoranInternetaddictwillnotgetyouanywhere.Forself-improvement,

takeupahobbythataddsmeaningtoyourlife.Learnsingingortryadventuresports.5

E.Somethingassimpleaslisteningtomusicwilldowonderstoo.

F.So,whatcanapersondotoovercomethistendencytobeawkward?

G.Awkwardnesscouldbebecauseyoudonothaveanythingincommontotalkabout.

例題2：EveryNewYear,thousandsdecidethey'regoingtochangetheirlives.Fewerthan10

percentactuallystickwiththeirplans,andthatfigureisbeinggenerous.6.

Notaiminghighenough

Lettingfearcontrolyourmindandactions

C.Fortunately,fearcanbeovercome

D.Belowyou'llfindsomecommonreasonswhyyou'relosingmotivation

E.Manyofusaremotivatednotbyadesiretoachieve,butbyfearoffailure

例題3：Focustofindyourtruepassion.

Youmustforgetaboutthemyththatdoingwhatyou'repassionateaboutwillbeeasyand

pleasant.Thisisbecausethere'llalwaysbeinconveniencesinanyactivityyouundertake.Beyond

that,don'tlosefocusonthefactthatthesearetemporarymoments.19

E.Becalmwhilefindingoutyourmotivation.

F?It'svitaltofigureoutwhatyou'repassionateabout.

G.Understandingthiswillmakeiteasiertokeepmotivated.

例題4：Younailedtheinterviewandgotthejob!You'relikelytomeetmanypeopleand

answersomevariationonthe“tellmeaboutyourself*questionnumeroustimes.Again,keepit

simpleandprofessional.Shareyournameandyourroleattheorganization,andpastinformation,if

relevant.Ifyouwanttotakethefocusoffyourself,askthepersonabouttheirrole.___25___

E.It'sagoodopportunitytolearnmoreaboutyournewworkmates.

F.Itteststhecandidate'sconfidenceandsetsthetonefortheconversation.

G.Whateveryoudo,don'tturnaroundandaskthepersonthesameexactquestion.

例題5：Putyourselffirstandstoptryingtopleaseeveryoneelse.Youareyourownnumberone.

Andlookingafteryourselfbeforeanyoneelseisthemostimportant.Worktowardsthegoalsyou

wanttoachieve,nottheonesotherswantyoutoachieveortheonesyouthinkyoushouldbe

achievingbecausesocietytellsustoo.Ifyoudon'twanttogetmarried,that'sOK,andifyoudo,

that'sOKtoo.40

C.Justmakesurethatanythingyoudo,isdoneforyou!

D.Stopbeinginfluencedbypopularandinfluentialpeople.

E.Sun*oundyourselfwithpeoplethatmakeyoufeelbetter.

例題6：Forarealtest,puzzlesthathave1,000piecesormoreareatoughtaskandit'sbestto

completethemwithfriendsorfamilyifyoucan.Choosingascenethatinterestsyou,suchasa

favouritefilm,sportorlocation,canhelpkeepyouinterestedanddeterminedtoworktothefinal

piece.Youcangetfuneducationalpuzzles,too.19

E.Mostpeopleliketostartbygettingthefouredgesofapuzzlelaidout.

F.Itcangetyouusedtosortingouthowtheshapes,patternsandcoloursgotogether.

G.Forexample,youmaytryamapoftheworld,historicaltimelinesortheperiodictable.

例題7：Trysamplelessonstofindtherightone.Mostcoachesofferfreesamplelessons,which

helpyougettoknowtheirstylesclearly.Youmayneedacoachwithcareerexperiences,oryoumay

needonewhoofferslifeadvice.Ifyouaren'tsurewhatyouwant,askquestions.19

C.Careercoachesalsoprovideservicesforyourpersonaltraining.

D.Thus,youcanassesswhetherthecoachunderstandsyourneeds.

E.Engagingwithacareercoachrequiresaninvestmentoftimeandmoney.

四：課后習(xí)題訓(xùn)練

PassageA

Truebeautyisnotfoundinlooks.16Changingthewayyouthinkaboutbeautywill

giveyoulife-longconfidence.

Placeyourbeautyinyouridentitybutnotyouridentityinyourbeauty.Ifyouholdontoyouthful

beautyasanarrowdefinitionofyourself,youwon'tenjoyyourlooksasyouage.17

Mirrorstellusonlyapartofwhatweshowtotheouterworld.Gopastyourreflectionandseethereal

self!

Thefountainofyouthdoesn'texist.Despitemanyanti-agingproducts,thereisnomagic

solutiontostoppingtheeffectsofaging.Youshouldstopdevaluing（貶低）yourselfjustbecauseyou

aregettingolder.Aimforahealthylifeandkeepyourselfstrongandfit.Eathealthydietandbe

committedtoadailyexerciseroutine.Lotsofeffortsareneeded.18

Beautyrelatestophysicalandpsychologicalaspects.19However,SerenaWilliams

neverhidesherunusualmuscularphysique.Instead,hershowinghermusclesenhancesherappeal.

Manyfansthinksheisbeautiful.Thisprovesthatlookingbeautifulandattractivegoesbeyondour

looks.

20Beautymatterstoallwomen,buttothosewhoagebeautifully,itmattersneithertoo

muchnortoolittle.Doenjoyourlivestothefullest,Truebeautyisaboutacceptingyourself.Itisalso

aboutfeelinggoodaboutyourself.

A.Everyonedoesit.

B.Itcomesfromtheinside.

C.Gobeyondyourmirrorimage.

D.Youwillfeelbetteroveralongterm.

E.It'shumannaturetobelievebeautyiseverything.

F.Peoplegenerallythinkbeautyisonlyaskin-deepissue.

G.Belessscaredofagingandyouwilllookmorebeautiful.

PassageB

ThereisalottolearnabouttheunusualhabitsandcharacteristicsoftheBritishpeoplewhenyou

visitLondonforthefirsttime.16HaveyounoticedthatBritishpeopleareindirectwhenwe

speak?Herearesomeexamples.Ifthephoneisringing,wewon'tasksomeonetoanswerit;instead,

wewillsimplystate“thephoneisringing^^inthehopethatsomebodywillanswerit.

17InBritain,wemightsaythat“isanyoneelsecold?”andexpectthepersonnearest

theopenwindowtocloseit.

Whenitcomestopayingthebill,expectanything.Afterasocialouting,thereisnocommon

conventionastowhowillpaythebill.Evenifsomeonehasinvitedyouout,thatdoesn'tmeanthey

willpayforyou.Theymayjustwanttospendsometimewithyou.Ontheotherhand,somepeople

mayinsistonpayingtheirshare.18

Thepubisattheheartofsocializing.VisitorstotheUKareoftensurprisedatthewiderangeof

ages,sexesandsociod6mographic（人口）backgroundsofpeoplewhogotopubs.19Itis

literally（字面上）ahouseforeveryoneinthecommunitytosit,relaxandsocialize.Itiscommon,

especiallyatweekends,tofindfamiliesandgroupswithpeopleofallagestogether.20

Somepubswillprovidegamesandbooksforpeopletoplayandentertainthemselvesastheywouldat

home,whileotherswillputonlivemusicorevenacomedyshow.

A.Doyourememberwhentopayinapub?

B.Thewordpubisshortfbr“publichouse”.

C.Knowwhenyouarebeingaskedtodosomething.

D.Somepubsfocusonfood,andsomefocusondrinks.

E.Dosomethingniceforthepeoplewhohangoutwithyou.

F.Ifawindowisopenandyouwouldliketocloseit,whatwillyousay?

G.Sodon'tbeverysadifyouhaveofferedtopayforthembuttheyrefuse.

PassageC

HaveyouheardofWordle?IthasgainedmillionsoffanssinceitspubliclaunchinOctober,

2021.HereissomethingyoumightwanttoknowaboutWordle.

—16―

WordleisafreewordguessinggamedevelopedbyJoshWardle,asoftwareengineerin

Brooklyn.Theaimofthegameistoguessa5-letterword.Itisdifferentfromotherwordgames

becauseitcanonlybeplayedonceperday.Thetargetwordisthesameforeveryonethatday,anda

newwordisreleasedatmidnight.___17___AndwhilethereisnoofficialmobileappforWordle,

youcanalsoplayitbyvisitingthewebpageonyourAndroid,iPhone,oriPad.

HowtoplayWordle?

Youhavesixattemptstoguessa5-letterword.Wordlewillhelpyoubygivingcluesalongthe

waybychangingthecolorsofeachletterenteredintheboxes.___18___Ifaletterishighlightedin

green,itmeansthatit'splacedinthecorrectspotinthedailyword.Ayellowlettershowsthatitisin

thedailytargetword,butinthewrongspot.Grayindicatesthattheletterisnotinthetargetwordat

all.

Wordletipsandtricks:

Chooseagoodstarterwordwhichcontainsatleastthreevowel（元音）letters.Thegoalofthe

startingguessistonarrowdowntheoptionsfortheremaining5guesses.Usingthreevowelsisagreat

waytoachievethat.___19___

Considerpossiblewordsbasedontheresultsofyourfirstguess.Afteryouenteryourfirstguess,

theremightbesomeyelloworgreenletterstoworkwith.Thinkofsome5-letterwordsthatcontain

thoseletters,butdon'tuseanyofthegrayletters.

___20_Ayellowlettermeansthatitisinthewordoftheday,butnotintherightposition.

Considerthemostcommonlocationsoftheyellowlettersin5-letterwordsyouknow.Forexample,if

youhaveayellow"kninthesecondpositionofyourword,youmighttryplacingitinthe5thposition

-many5-letterwordsendwith“ck”.

Continuetoenteryourguessesuntilallthelettersaregreen.

A.WhatisWordle?

B.WhocreatedWordle?

C.YoucanplayWordleontheweb.

D.Useasmanylettersinarealwordaspossible.

E.Payattentiontothepositionsofyellowletters.

F.Sotrytoenteramulti-vowelwordatyourfirstattempt.

G.Afterenteringthefivelettersofyourfirstguess,checktheircolors.

PassageD

Experienced-BasedEducation

Everyoneisfamiliarwithtraditionaleducation.Yousitinaclassandateacherteaches.Thisis

animportantpartofdevelopment.Butatsomepoint,everyindividualhastotakechargeoftheir

owneducation.Todothis,onemustlookattherootoflearning.___1.

Basically,unfamiliarexperiencesusuallyaddmorevaluethanexperiencesthatarefamiliar.

___2.Andweareinabetterstatetolearnsomethingnew.Honestly,someonewhonever

experiencesthesamethingtwicewillneverhaveachancetobenefitfromanythinglearned.

However,newexperiencesaregenerallywhatmakepeopleinterestingandpushthemtogrow.

Highschoolisanewexperience.Collegeisanewexperience.However,atsomepoint

traditionaleducationbecomesrepetitive.Itisnotthatyouwon'tlearnanythingelse,butthatthe

environmentissofamiliar.3___.

Tosolvethis,anindividualneedstointroducenewexperiencesintotheirlife.Youmayspenda

summerinadifferentpartofthecountryorlearnanewlanguagethroughtrialanderror.Youcan

alsogotoadrive-inmovie(orsomeotherentertainmenteventthatisnewtoyou).___4.

Thesetypesofexperiencesoftenresultinverylittle“bookknowledge^^.Instead,theywill

oftenprovideyouwithabetterunderstandingofyourselfasyouexperienceyourreactionto

differentsituations.___5.Itcanbeinvaluableforyoutoworkeffectivelywithothers.

Becomingawell-roundedhumanisn'tsomethingthathappensbyaccident.Youcanspendyour

entirelifetimedevelopingyourpotential.

A.Haseducationchangedsomuchinthelastdecade?

B.Theywillalsoprovideyouwithabetterunderstandingofothers.

C.Thosenewexperiencesmaynotleadtogreatpersonaldevelopment.

D.Theseareallthingsthatcanstretchandexpandyourexperienceinlife.

E.Thisisbecauseunfamiliarexperiencesrequiremuchmoreofourattention.

F.Asaresult,youcaneasilybecomelessawareofyourexperienceandnotlearnasmuch.

G.Whatmakessomeexperiencesaddgreatvaluetoourliveswhileotherexperiencesdonot?

PassageE

Astudyrevealedthat,inmostoccasions,theoutcomeonagiventaskcanbeimprovedwhen

twopeoplehavehelpedeachotherinsteadofworkingontheirown.Asearlyas1624JohnDonne

hasalreadypopularizedthephrase“Nomanisanisland”.Andthisisespeciallytrue,beitinthe

workplace,indoingscientificresearch,orworkinginevents.Oneofthebenefitsofcooperationis

thatpeoplecanpooltogethertheirskillsandwisdomtowardsacommonaim.Becauseofthis,they

haveahigherchanceofbeingmoresuccessful.①

Teamworkpromotesdiversity.Theverynatureofteamworkrequiresagroupofpeoplefrom

variousbackgroundstocometogetherandsharetheirthinking.②Thislevelof

diversitygeneratesculturalunderstanding,increasedcommunicationthroughcollectiveknowledge

ofapproachesandalargerresourceofopinions.

(3)Workingwithinateamhelpsustocreateanenvironmentwhichinspires

collectiveknowledge,resourcesandskills.Consequently,thisallowsustopicksomeideasandto

reflectonourownwayofthinking.Teamworkalsoencouragesself-improvementbecauseithelps

ustoexpandourhorizonsandmakebetteruseofourownintrinsiccapabilities.Andsince

self-improvementhelpsusinseekingbetterwaystoperformourrolewithinateam,itimproves

boththeefficiencyandproductivityoftheteamasawhole.

Completionoftaskbecomeseasy.Eachmemberhasuniqueskillstohelpwiththe

project.④Forexample,youmayaskonepersontodoresearch,anothertotake

chargeofsocialmediamarketing,andanothertolookafterdelivery.Teamworkcangetthemostof

eachperson'sstrengths.

⑤Forinstance,tacklingaboutclimatechangebyresearcherswhocome

fromdifferentdisciplines(學(xué)科)couldpotentiallyleadtoground-breakingresearches.Inthe

traditionalresearchworld,oneresearcherpursuedathemeoverseveraldecades.However,

academiaisfosteringafreshresearchculture,wherebyacademicworksadvancethroughthe

creationofinterdisciplinaryresearch.

A.Teamworkencourageshealthycompetition.

B.Itpromotespeerlearningandself-improvement.

C.Soataskcanbeassignedbasedonaperson'sskillsandexpertise.

D.Therearemanybenefitswecangainoutofteamworkandcooperation.

ETheseedsofcreativityandinnovationspringfromtheexchangeofideas.

F.Asaresult,differentopinionsandproblem-solvingmethodscanbeformed.

G.Cooperationhasseveralbenefitsincludingsharedrisk,resourcesandknowledge.

PassageF

APhotographer^ExperienceinIceland

Inanicecave,thedistancebetweenyouandtherichblueicearoundyoudisappears.I

walkedintoonesuchcaveinsouthernIceland,delicatelythroughatunnelofcircularicearches.

①AndasIlookedaroundinwonder,IsimplyforgotthatIexisted.AsIwalkeddeeper,the

tunnelclosedintighterandIcouldtouchbothsideswithmyextendedarms.②

Myfriendsoftencommentwithdisbelief,"Aren'tyoucoldoutthere?^^AndIhavetoanswer,

“Ofcoursenot.”③ThesimplefactofthematteristhatIlovebeingwarm-incoldplaces.I

lovesufferingthediscomfortsothatinreturnIcanexperiencethewonderfulfeelingofbeingalive.

Butmostofall,Ilovethelight.ThelightintheArctic（」匕極）ispreciselytheoppositeofthetropical

beaches.Thatkindoflightisaphotographer'sdream.

IfellinlovewiththeArcticasit'ssuchamysteriousandmagicaldestination,wherethe

photographerisforcedtoslowdown,toseeandhearthewhalesbreakingthroughtheseaice,or

bravetheveil（面紗）ofpolarnight.④Icanjustmakepicturesinamereinstantusingmy

smartphone,stickitbackinmypocket,andjumprightbackintotheexperience.

⑤Fiercewinds,oftensustainedat40mph,aswellasdownpoursofcoldrainare

quitecommonthere.Butthat'sthepricewepaytobringbackimages.Takingphotographs,oreven

justbeingintheArcticmaybeachallenge,butit'sauniquelifethatfewhaveeverexperienced.

A.Butthathidesthetruth.

B.Youcanexperiencetheculturehere.

C.Theytoweredovermeatroughly6metershigh.

D.Itopensupagoodmanyamazingopportunities.

E.Whenshooting,Ihavetobeartoughconditions.

F.Therewasalreadynodistancebetweenmeandtheice.

G.Thisiswheretheexperiencesaresofascinatingthatabigcameraisjustintheway.

PassageG

Asoftenaswemovearoundthesedaysforschool,workorfamily,longdistancefriendships

arearealityofadulthood.①,there'snoreasontoletphysicaldistancekeepyoufromstaying

connected.

Bedefiniteandintentionalaboutkeepingyourlongdistancefriend

Ifyouwanttokeeppeopleinyourlife,youhavetotellthemandbereadytoputintheeffort.

Whetheryou'vejustmovedawayfromyourfriendoryou'vebeenapartforyears,long

distancefriendshipsrequireareciprocal（相互的）commitment.②.Thatmeansfinding

timetohangout.Thatmeansshowingyourfriendthatyouvaluethem.Andthereciprocalis

true-rememberthattheyvalueyou,too.

Usecommonintereststofeelconnectedandgetreal

Developan“anchor"fbryourfriendship.Ananchorissomethingthatyouhaveincommon

thatactsasatriggertoreachouttoeachother.(3)soyoueachsendphotosofthenewdishes

youmakewithalinktotherecipe.Oryoubothlove,lefssay,theHBOshowEuphoria,andyou

texttodiscussaftereachepisodecomesout.Itdoesn*treallymatterwhatitis,aslongasithelps

youstartaconnection.

Don'thesitatetoreachout

Ifyoutwofeellikeyourcommunicationisboring,don*tbeafraidtobethefirstonetoreach

out.Itshowsyourfriendthattheydon'tneedtofearrejection.Bycreatingthespacetomakeour

friendfeelvalued,wehelpthembecomemorecourageoustotakerisksofintimacy(親密)withus.

④_______

⑤_____

Separationishard.Miscommunicationhappens.Andbecausethere'sjustalimitedamountof

timeyougetwithyourfriend,it'seasytoletconflictsgounaddressed.Trynottosweepthings

undertherug.Infact,addressingconflictisoneofthewaysyoucanbecomecloserwithyour

friend.

A.Thatmeansreachingout

B.Maybeyoubothlovecooking

C.Bevitaltocommunicateopenly

D.Ifyoudeterminetoabandonthefriendship

E.Conflictsarenaturalandhealthy—addressthemopenly

F.Whiletheymightrequiresomeplansandcreativitytokeepup

G.Wehelpcreatethespaceforthemtowanttoinvestmorewithus

PassageH

Whyaresomepeoplesuccessfulandothersaren't?What'sthesecretofsuccess?①.

ManyofGladwell'sideasappearinhissocialpsychologybestsellerOutliers.②.

Gladwellthinksthatthisisjustanexcusefornottrying...andifyoureallywanttobegoodat

something,youhavetoworkatit."Practiceisn'tthethingyoudoonceyou'regood,“Gladwell

writes.uIfsthethingyoudothatmakesyougood.^^

CentraltothebookistheU10,000-hourrule”.Itmeansthatifyouwanttobeamongthe

bestintheworld,youneedtopractisesomethingfor10,000hours.(3).Forexample,the

BeatlesplayedliveinHamburgmorethan1,200timesbetween1960and1964,whichismorethan

10,000hoursofplayingtime.AndwhenMicrosoftchairmanBillGateswas13,hewasgiven

accesstoahighschoolcomputer(oneofthefewavailableinthecountry),allowinghimtopractise

computerprogrammingfbrmorethan(Yes,youguessedit!)10,000hours.

(4).TaketheexampleofChristopherLangan,who'smentionedinthebook.He'sgot

anIQofbetween195and210(AlbertEinstein'sIQwasestimatedtohavebeenbetween160and

180).Asaboyatschool,Langanwasabletotakeanexaminaforeignlanguagehe'dneverstudied

andpassitafterjustskim-readingatextbookfbrthreeminutes.However,Langannevergraduated

fromuniversityandworkedinlabour-intensivejobshiswholelife.Thisprovesthatintelligence

alonewillnotleadtosuccess—youneedhardwork,support,financeandopportunities.Gladwell

adds,“Noone一notrockstars,notprofessionalathletes,notsoftwarebillionaires,andnoteven

geniuses-evermakesitalone.^^

⑤.Evenafteryou'veputinyour10,000hoursofpractice,youstillneedoneother

keyingredient-luck.So,youcouldbethemostamazingguitaristintheworld,butunlessyou're

luckyenoughtoplayinfrontofarecordcompanyexecutivewhoseesawayofexploitingthat

talent,youaren'tgoingtobeseeingyournameinlights.

A.Itisn'tjustaquestionoftimeandsupport.

B.AuthorMalcolmGladwellthinksheknows.

C.That'sequaltothreehoursadayfbr10years.

D.Ofcourse,manypeoplearguethatyoucancreateyourown"luck”.

E.Thepopularviewisthatsomeofusareborntalentedandothersaren't.

F.Theinterestingthingisthatsuccessisnotcloselyrelatedtointelligence.

G.Someonewho'swillingtopractisesomethingfor10.000hoursisprobablyactive.

PassageI

Lifelonglearningisgoodforyou

Itisimpossiblefbreveryonetohaveaccesstoadditionalformaleducation.Fortunately,many

educationalresourceshavemadeiteasierforpeopletodevelopahabitoflifelong

learning.①Thefollowingpointsarereasonswhyyoushouldsticktolifelonglearning.

②In2015someresearchersfoundpeoplewithabachelor'sdegreecanearnmuch

morethanthosejustwithahighschooldegree.In2014areportsaidthat50%ofjobswould

becomeunnecessaryby2025duetotechnologicaldevelopment.Newtechnologychangesthe

natureofworkandweneedcontinuouslearningandpersonalgrowthtoadaptourselvestothe

changes.Open-mindednessandcuriosityarebeneficialtoyourcareer.Peoplewhoenjoylearning

aremoreactiveatworkthanthosewhodon't.Nowthinkofthemostadmirablecolleaguesyou

know.Dotheytendtobeknowledgeableaboutalmostanytopicofinterest?Dotheymake

insightfulspeechesonthetopicstheyknowbest?(3)Thoseyouadmiremostarethose

whoseemmostdevotedtolearningandpersonalgrowth.

Ourabilitytolearnisakeystoneofhumanmotivation.Haveyoueversatinaquietplaceand

finishedagreatnovel?Doyourememberthefeelingofaccomplishmentwhenyousolvea

challengingtask?Haveyoumanagedtoconductdifficultexperimentsorcreatesomethingnew?

Educationmaynotalwayshaveinfluenceonwealth,healthorcaree