人教版（2019）選擇性必修 第三冊Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle詞匯解析素材

高中英語人教版2019-選必修第三冊Unit2詞匯筆記1 tobaccon.煙草;煙葉2 alcoholn.酒;酒精3 abusen.濫用;虐待;辱罵 vt.濫用;虐待;辱罵構(gòu)詞：ab相反＋use用→不（正當(dāng)）使用→abusen.＆v.濫用+usealcoholabuse酗酒，abuseofpower濫用職權(quán)，screamabuse高聲謾罵Hewasphysicallyandemotionallyabused.他的身心受到了摧殘。alcoholabuse酗酒personalabuse人身攻擊abuseone'sauthority/office/power/position濫用職權(quán)abuseone＇sprivilege濫用特權(quán)4 physicaladj身體的:客觀存在的;物理學(xué)的派生：physicsn.物理＋-al與······有關(guān)的→physicaladj.物理學(xué)的；符合自然法則的physicalappearance外貌physicalpain身體疼痛physicalbeauty形體美physicalexercise體育鍛煉physicalexamination體檢physicaleducation（＝PE）體育one'sphysicalandmentalhealth某人的身心健康5 dominatevt.&vi.支配;控制;占有優(yōu)勢聯(lián)想：do做＋minate（minute的近似拼寫）→做時(shí)間的主人，“支配”（dominate）好每一分鐘domin主人；控制＋-ate使；賦予→dominatev.控制dominatethepassions控制強(qiáng)烈的感情dominatetheweaker支配弱者dominatethesituation左右形勢politicaldomination政治上的支配6 repeatedlyadv.重復(fù)地派生：repeat＋-ed→repeatedadj.重復(fù)的；反復(fù)發(fā)生的＋-ly······地→repeatedlyadv.重復(fù)地；再三地sayrepeatedlythat...重復(fù)地說······repeatoneself重復(fù)自己說過的話repeattheclass/grade/year重修這門課／留級／重讀一年repeatsth.(aftersb.)（跟某人）讀某物learnbyrepetition通過重復(fù)來學(xué)習(xí)theconstantrepetitionof...不斷重復(fù)的······7 psychology n.心理學(xué);心理;心理影響構(gòu)詞：psych-心理＋-ology學(xué)科→psychologyn.心理學(xué)［注意］p不發(fā)音8 cuen.提示;暗示;信號 vt.給(某人)暗示(或提示)比較：“提示，線索”（clue）去掉1仍是“提示，暗示”（cue）acueforsth.／todosth.······的提示cueme暗示我9 inresponseto回答;答復(fù)示例：inresponsetoone’senquiry回復(fù)某人的詢問respondv.回答，回應(yīng)；作出反應(yīng)，響應(yīng)responsen.回答；答復(fù)；響應(yīng)，反應(yīng)inresponsetoone＇senquiry回復(fù)某人的詢問makenoresponseto對······沒作出回應(yīng)receiveanencouragingresponsefrom從······得到令人鼓舞的回應(yīng)makeapositiveresponseto對······作出積極的回應(yīng)respondto對······作出回應(yīng)表“對······作出回應(yīng)”時(shí)，無論是動詞respond還是名詞response，均搭配介詞to。10 rewardn.回報(bào);獎(jiǎng)勵(lì):報(bào)酬 vt.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);獎(jiǎng)賞;給以報(bào)酬搭配：rewardsb.withsth.for（doingsth.）因（做某事）用······回報(bào)某人Herewardeduswithalotofmoneyforhelpinghim.對于我們的幫助，他大加酬謝。inrewardfor作為對······的報(bào)答；作為······的報(bào)酬asarewardfor作為對······的獎(jiǎng)賞give/offerarewardtosb.forsth.因某事而給某人報(bào)酬askfornoreward不要求報(bào)酬rewardsb.forsth.因某事而獎(jiǎng)賞某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物回報(bào)某人arewardingexperience/job有益的經(jīng)歷／工作11 relyvi.依賴;依靠;信賴派生：rely＋able可······的，能······的→reliableadj.可信賴的；可依靠的［y變?yōu)閕］12 relyon依賴;依靠;信賴搭配：relyonsb.／sth.todosth.依靠某人／某物做某事relyonacompasstogetthere依靠指南針到達(dá)那兒relyon=dependon依賴，依靠，指望；相信relyonsb.forsth.依靠某人提供某物relyon/uponsb.todosth.指望／相信某人會做某事relyon/upon(doing)sth.依賴／信任／指望（做）某事relyonitthat...＝dependonitthat...相信／指望·····當(dāng)relyon后接that從句作賓語時(shí)，必須先接it再接that從句，it是形式賓語YoucanrelyonitthatPeterwouldliketoacceptthesuggestion.你可以相信彼得愿意接受這個(gè)建議。13 facilitatevt.促進(jìn):促使;使便利構(gòu)詞：facil（e）容易做的＋it＋-ate使→facilitatevt.促使→facilitatelearning有利于學(xué)習(xí)，facilitateeconomicgrowth加快經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展facilitatemorerapideconomicgrowth促進(jìn)更加快速的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長sports/culturalfacilities體育／文化設(shè)施publicfacilities公共設(shè)施communicationfacilities通信設(shè)備computerfacilities計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備14 examinevt.(仔細(xì))檢查;審查;測驗(yàn)比較：exam-examine-examinationexamineone＇sbody檢查身體takeanexam參加考試examine...for..檢查······找······examineawitness審問證人examineamap查看地圖examinethequalityofaproduct檢查產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量examinesb.in／onsth.測驗(yàn)?zāi)橙恕ぁぁぁぁぁ?5 negativeadj.消極的;有害的;否定的構(gòu)詞：neg否認(rèn)，拒絕＋ative有······傾向（性質(zhì)）的→否認(rèn)的→negativeadj.消極的，否定的→positiveadj.積極的，肯定的表達(dá)態(tài)度的詞：indifferentadj.漠不關(guān)心的，supportiveadj.支持的benegativeabout對······持否定態(tài)度anegativeattitude否定的態(tài)度haveanegativeeffecton對······有消極的影響anegativeimage負(fù)面的形象becomenegative變得消極anegativeview消極的觀點(diǎn)16 escalatorn.自動扶梯;滾梯構(gòu)詞：escal梯子+ator表名詞→escalator自動扶梯17 straightaway立即:馬上同義：atonce，rightaway，rightnow，immediatelycome／getstraighttothepoint開門見山bestraightwithsb.對某人說實(shí)話lookstraightatme直直地看著我walkstraight直走situp／standstraight坐直／直立18 pessimisticadj.悲觀的;悲觀主義的派生：pessimistn.悲觀主義者＋-ic與······有關(guān)的→pessimisticadj——pessimism／n.悲觀，悲觀情緒，悲觀主義bepessimisticabout對······悲觀apessimisticviewoflife對人生的悲觀看法inapessimisticmood以悲觀的情緒haveapessimisticattitudeto/towards...對······持悲觀態(tài)度beoptimisticabout對······樂觀beoptimisticthat...對·······樂觀Theyarecautiouslyoptimisticthatthereformswilltakeplace.他們對是否實(shí)行改革表示謹(jǐn)慎的樂觀。19 disciplinen.自制力:紀(jì)律;學(xué)科 vt.自我控制;管教;處罰拆分：dis-+cip+line→discipline不（dis-）刺碰（cip）底線（line），這是“紀(jì)律”（discipline）keep／observediscipline遵守紀(jì)律strictdiscipline嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律schooldiscipline校紀(jì)seriousdisciplineproblems嚴(yán)重的紀(jì)律問題disciplineachild教訓(xùn)孩子disciplinesb.for...因······而處罰某人20 pilln.藥丸:藥片聯(lián)想：生“病”（ill）了就要吃“藥”（pill）deletev.刪除拆分：de去掉+lete(=litter)-→去掉垃圾→deletev.刪除deletesth.fromsth.把某物從另一物中刪除deletethelastparagraph刪除最后一段21 decideon決定:選定示例：decideonthecourseforthefuture確定未來發(fā)展的方向decideondoingsth.決定做某事decideonleaving決定離開decideongoingabroad決定出國decideonatarget決定目標(biāo)Itis／wasdecidedthat...已經(jīng)決定······amanofdecision果斷的人makeadecision作出決定decidetodosth.決定做某事22 makeupone'smind下定決心示例：makeupone＇smindtoexaminetheevidencethoroughly下決心全面檢查證據(jù)makeupone'smindtodosth.下定決心做某事makeupfor彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償makeup編造；化妝；和好；組成makeout辨認(rèn)出；明白，理解makeit及時(shí)到達(dá)；取得成功23 composeVt.&vi.組成;作曲;撰寫構(gòu)詞：com共同+pose放，放置→放到一起→composev.-(1nd=)組成→Tenmencomposethecommittee.十人組成了委員會。becomposedof由······組成（或構(gòu)成）的compose/writeasong寫歌compose／writemusic作曲composealetter/poem/speech寫信／詩歌／演講稿aclassicalmusiccomposer古典音樂作曲家acompositionbyMozart莫扎特的作品polishacomposition潤色作文24 becomposedof由...組成(或構(gòu)成)的示例：Thecommitteeiscomposedmainlyoflawyers.委員會主要由律師組成。bemadeupof；consistof（無被動，無進(jìn)行）25 surgeonn.外科醫(yī)生拆分：sur+ge+on(蘇＋哥＋＋昂），蘇哥昂是一名“外科醫(yī)生”）→physiciann.內(nèi)科醫(yī)生26 surgeryn.外科手術(shù);外科學(xué)串記：Attheagency，thegentlesurgeonurgentlyurgedtheagedagenttogoforsurgery.在辦事處，溫和的外科醫(yī)生急切地催促年老的代理商做外科手術(shù)。27 liberationn.解放;擺脫構(gòu)詞：liber自由使·····→liberatev.使自由→解放liberatev.解放；使自由＋-ion（名詞后綴：行為，狀態(tài)，結(jié)果）→liberationn.解放；擺脫thePeople'sLiberationArmy(PLA)中國人民解放軍women＇sliberation婦女解放beforeliberation解放前l(fā)iberate...from使自由；使擺脫約束libertyofspeech言論自由atliberty自由；不再受監(jiān)禁28 shavevi,vt.&n.剃(須發(fā));刮臉聯(lián)想：誰（音似s）有（have）“刮”（shave）胡刀？29 shaveoff剃掉;刮去示例：Charlesmadeuphismindtoshaveoffhisbeard.查爾斯下決心刮掉胡子。30 beardn.胡須;絡(luò)腮胡子聯(lián)想：b，d在“耳朵”（ear）兩邊很對稱-絡(luò)腮胡子31 disturbvt.打擾;攪亂:使煩惱構(gòu)詞：dis分散＋tur攪動→攪動開→disturbv.擾亂Sorrytodisturbyou.對不起，打擾你一下。disturbsb.打擾某人disturbaplan打亂計(jì)劃disturbpapersonthedesk弄亂桌子上的文件adisturbingpieceofnews一則令人不安的消息bedisturbedby/about/at對······感到憂慮beseriously/deeply/greatlydisturbed非常煩惱bedisturbedtodosth.做某事感到不安bedisturbedthat...對······感到不安-ing形容詞常用來形容事物，表示事物本身具有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)；·-ed形容詞常用來修飾人或人的表情、聲音等。常見的有：interesting，interested；surprising,surprised;exciting,excited；shocking，shocked等。32 cigaretten.香煙;卷煙構(gòu)詞：cigarn.雪茄煙＋ette小的東西→cigaretten.香煙33 specialistn.?？漆t(yī)生:專家派生：specialadj.特別的，專門的＋-ist表人→specialistn.專家→?？漆t(yī)生aneyespecialist眼科醫(yī)生callinaspecialist請?？漆t(yī)生acelebrated/distinguished/notedspecialist著名專家anexperiencedspecialist經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的專科醫(yī)生aspecialistinon...某方面的專家34 consultantn.顧問;高級顧問醫(yī)師派生：consultv.咨詢＋+-ant······人→consultantn.顧問→（英國英語）高級顧問醫(yī)師；會診醫(yī)師consultantservice咨詢服務(wù)aconsultantprogram咨詢程序aconsultantmission顧問團(tuán)consultantpapers咨詢文件consultwithsb.about／onsth.與某人就某事進(jìn)行磋商；就某事咨詢某人consultwithsb.aboutasecret與某人商量一個(gè)機(jī)密consultateacher/map/dictionary請教老師／查閱地圖／查閱詞典consultsb.aboutsth.就某事向某人咨詢35 drugn.毒品;藥物對比：rug小地毯一g挖，掘→drug毒品→digdrugabuse藥物濫用；嗜毒36 skipv.跳過;不參加;悄悄溜走 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走:跳繩 n.蹦跳聯(lián)想：一個(gè)黑“皮膚”（skin）的男孩“蹦蹦跳跳地走”（skip）了skipbreakfast不吃早飯goskipping去跳繩skipagrade跳級skipbreakfast不吃早飯skipschool／class逃學(xué)／逃課skipoverthefence跳過棚欄skipover略過；遺漏skipoverthedetails略過細(xì)節(jié)37 dizzyadj.頭暈?zāi)垦５氖纠篊limbingsohighmademefeeldizzy.爬那么高使我感到頭暈?zāi)垦！eeldizzy感到頭暈?zāi)垦hedizzypaceoflife令人目眩的生活節(jié)奏bedizzywithsuccess被成功沖昏頭腦38 flun.流感示例：She＇sgotflu.她患上了流感。39 stimulatevt.激發(fā);促進(jìn):刺激構(gòu)詞：stimul刺，刺激+ate使，賦予→stimulatevt.刺激；激發(fā)stimulategrowth刺激增長stimulatedemand刺激需求stimulatetheeconomy刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)stimulatesb.todosth.刺激某人做某事stimulateone'sinterestin激發(fā)某人在······方面的興趣拓artificialstimulation人工刺激40 dentistn.牙科醫(yī)生串記：I＇mconfidentthatthedentistwilldenytheconfidentialaccidentalincident.我確信這個(gè)牙醫(yī)將會否認(rèn)這個(gè)機(jī)密的意外事件。41 sugaryadj.含糖的;甜的派生：sugarn.糖充滿······的；有······特性的→sugaryadj.含糖的；甜的42 nutn.堅(jiān)果比較：nut-put-but→切割cut，堅(jiān)果nut，放入put，但是but43 skateboardn.滑板 vi.滑滑板合成：skate滑冰＋board木板→skateboard滑板44 dynamic adj.充滿活力的;精力充沛的;動態(tài)的構(gòu)詞：dynam力量＋ic與······有關(guān)；······的→dynamicadj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的→dynamicsn.力學(xué)；動力學(xué)adynamicpersonality充滿活力的個(gè)性adynamicleader一位精力充沛的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)adynamicplan動態(tài)規(guī)劃45 virusn.病毒;病毒性疾病46 stressout焦慮不安;疲憊不堪示例：feelstressedout感到心力交瘁（＝feelstressed）get／feelstressedout變得／感到焦慮understress在壓力下；有壓力laystresson強(qiáng)調(diào)；重視stressthefact強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí)stresstheimportanceof...強(qiáng)調(diào)······的重要性stresstheimportanceofthestressofpronunciation強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)音重讀的重要性47 wornout筋疲力盡的;疲憊的示例：Canwesitdown？I＇mwornout.我們能坐下嗎？我都累壞了。［拓］wornout破爛不堪的；廢舊的Theseshoesarewornout.這些鞋破得不能再穿了。bewornout＝be／get／feeltiredout筋疲力盡wearsb.／sth.out讓某人筋疲力盡；用壞某物wearaway逐漸磨損，磨蝕出凹痕wearoff逐漸減弱，漸漸消失runout花光，用盡runoutof花光······，用盡······48 bowlingn.保齡球運(yùn)動音譯：保齡。bowl碗，木球+-ing→bowling49 comedyn.喜劇;喜劇片;滑稽節(jié)目拆分：come+dy→來（come），看第一（dy）場“喜劇”（comedy）50 monthlyadv.&adj.每月:每月--次的 n.月刊派生：monthn.月，一個(gè)月的時(shí)間＋-ly→monthly-ly除表示“以······