定語從句新知識教學(劉)

TheAttributiveClause定語從句定語從句一、概念:在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子.(在句子中作定語)

(Attributiveclause)HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.形容詞作定語句子作定語,修飾boy,叫做定語從句WhichoneisHarryPorter?TheboyisHarryPorter

WhichoneisHarryPorter?Theboy_______________________isHarryPorter.whowearsglasses定語從句HarryPorterisaboy

whohasmagicpower.先行詞關系詞定語從句關系代詞關系副詞which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why引導定語從句的關系詞指代人指代事物所屬關系指地點指時間指原因who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，ofwhichwherewhenwhy關系代詞關系副詞基礎知識Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關系代詞的實質amachinethemachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.關系代詞的實質amachinethat/which關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.

關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl關系代詞的實質Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.that/who/whomThegirl注意避免重復Haveatry指出關系代詞（副詞）在定語從句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()主語賓語定語賓語關系副詞When=on(in,during…)whichwhere=on(in,infrontof…)whichWhy=for

which2.引導定語從句的關系副詞如何選用定語從句的關系詞1.首先分清主句和定語從句2.確定定語從句的先行詞3.把先行詞帶回到定語從句中去，看其在定語從句中做什么語法成分（主語，賓語，定語或狀語）4.若先行詞在從句中做主語、賓語或定語則選擇關系代詞，若在從句中做狀語，則選擇關系副詞。1.who,whom,whose,that用法區(qū)別.①who

作定語從句的主語或賓語.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Theman

isspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主語②

whom

作定語從句的賓語Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisit

thewoman.分解作賓語③that

可以作定語從句的主語和賓語.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.④whose

作定語從句的定語.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定語2.which,that的用法which

作定語從句的主語或賓語.Ilikethebook(which/that)youboughtyesterday.Thisisatruckwhich/thatismadeinChina.作主語作賓語可省略3.只能用that的情況①序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾先行詞時Tomisthecleverest

boy

thatIhaveeverknown.Thisisthefirst

play

thatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③

everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代詞作先行詞時

Everything

thatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行詞被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修飾時。I’vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme.④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。Thisistheverybook

that

belongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which時Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday.⑥

當先行詞同時指人和物時I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings

thatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.4.關系代詞前有介詞時(介詞提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywith

whomhetalked.Thisistheringon

whichshespent1000dollars.Haveyougotit?由Who引導的定語從句，在句中做主語\賓語1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.

Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引導的定語從句，在句中做賓語介詞提前時只能用whom7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本國的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引導的定語從句,在句中做定語10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.

whichisgrownC.whenisgrown11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what12、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which13、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when由Which引導的定語從句，在句中做主語\賓語介詞提前時只能用whichthat14.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what15.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that先行詞是不定代詞all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引導16.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose17.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that

先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時只能用that引導18.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose19.Thereisnowater___isneededbadly.A.which