新教材適用2024版高考英語(yǔ)二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第2部分閱讀能力突破篇專題1閱讀理解第7講體裁破解-說明文課件

第二部分閱讀能力突破篇專題一閱讀理解第7講體裁破解——說明文高頻考點(diǎn)·研析透說明文通常運(yùn)用舉例子、作比較、分類別、析結(jié)果、列數(shù)字和作引用等手法，描述一項(xiàng)研究或者介紹一項(xiàng)新產(chǎn)品、新技術(shù)，以及介紹場(chǎng)館,分析社會(huì)現(xiàn)象、語(yǔ)言文化、人文地理、生物的生存狀況等,用平實(shí)的語(yǔ)言客觀地說明事物、解釋現(xiàn)象。事物說明文常用“總一分”式或“總一分一總”式結(jié)構(gòu);事理說明文采用由淺人深、由表及里、由現(xiàn)象到本質(zhì),逐層遞進(jìn),剖析事理的遞進(jìn)式結(jié)構(gòu);文章各部分內(nèi)容沒有主次輕重之分時(shí)常用并列式結(jié)構(gòu);如果需要通過兩個(gè)事物的對(duì)照和比較來(lái)說明其異同時(shí)常用對(duì)照式結(jié)構(gòu)。說明文通常不包含作者的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。辨明題類說明文閱讀理解主要考查考生對(duì)詞匯和句式的掌握和運(yùn)用情況，閱讀量大，生僻詞匯多，句式結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，題目往往涉及推理判斷題和主旨大意題。因此，閱讀說明文時(shí)，應(yīng)把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)，弄清作者所要說明的事物；另外，考生在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)多積累閱讀詞匯，提高分析長(zhǎng)難句的能力。技法點(diǎn)撥1．抓首尾段：首段往往提出文章的主題，尤其是研究類說明文，研究結(jié)果就是主題；尾段往往重申強(qiáng)調(diào)主題。2．梳理文章結(jié)構(gòu)：是整體敘述＋細(xì)節(jié)或者是過程說明＋概括評(píng)述；是現(xiàn)象＋原因＋后果/啟示/措施還是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)/調(diào)查結(jié)果＋研究/調(diào)查過程。3．結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和所學(xué)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)破解結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)難句。真題體驗(yàn)(2023·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷C)Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou．Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts．Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy．Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter．Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays．Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue．Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter．Indoingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter．You'llheartheseparticipants'storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid．Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培養(yǎng))asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle．Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(獨(dú)處)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse．Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter．Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances．30．Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone？____

A．Theoreticalmodels．

B．Statisticalmethods．C．Practicalexamples．

D．Historicalanalyses．【解題示范】第一步：瀏覽全文

把握主旨大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，倡導(dǎo)簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字生活方式；第二步：題干定位：根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞：thefinalchapterofpartone定位段落；第三步：分析信息：根據(jù)第四段“Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter．Indoingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagre