2023屆四川省石室中學(xué)高三高考適應(yīng)性模擬檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（一）

石室中學(xué)高2023屆高三高考適應(yīng)性模擬檢測(cè)試題（一）

英語(yǔ)

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),

用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)

效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答

題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是Co

1.Whatdoesthemanwant?

A.Cups.B.Notebooks.C.Carpetcleaners.

2.Howdoesthemanfindtheproblem?

A.Quitedifficult.B.Veryinteresting.C.Toosimple.

3.WhatdoesPaulwanttodo?

A.Savemoney.B.Studyabroad.C.Changehisjob.

4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Tonyalwaysworriesalot.

B.Tonylikesridingbikes.

C.Tonyisexpertatrepairingbikes.

5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?

A.Findingavolunteer.

B.Clearinguptogether.

C.Helpingpreparetheparty.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選

出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將

給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atalibrary.B.Inalawfirm.C.Onatrain.

7.WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn'sproblem?

A.Carefree.B.Understanding.C.Forgiving.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatisthewomangoingtodothisweekend?

A.Dosomehousework.B.Gotoaparty.C.Seeamovie.

9.Whydoesthemanstopgoingtopartieswithcollegefriends?A.Hehasnewfriends.

B.He'sbusywithwork.

C.Hechangeshislifestyle.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Inahospital.B.Inagym.C.Inapark.

11.Whathappenedtothewomanyesterday?

A.Shefelloffthebed.

B.Shehadtroubleinbreathing.

C.Shealmostdiedofheartdisease.

12.Whatannoysthewomanmost?

A.Havingscarydreams.B.Givingupfriedchips.C.Gettingupearly.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.WheredoesMichelleRaycomefrom?

A.Amiddle-sizedcity.B.Asmalltown.C.Abigcity.

14.WhichplacewouldMichelleRaytakehervisitorstofbrshopping?

A.TheZenGarden.B.TheHighlands.C.TheRedRiverarea.

15.WhatdoesMichelleRaydoforcompletequiet?

A.Gocamping.B.Studyinalibrary.C.Rcadathome.

16.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?

A.Late-nightshopping.B.Asianfood.C.Louisville.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.HowdidStephenHawkingbecomefamous?

A.Hegotgoodgradesinuniversity.

B.HepointedoutHoyle'smistake.

C.Heworkedonthebigbangtheory.

18.WhoprovedHawking'sworkonthebigbangtheory?

A.Hawkinghimself.B.FredHoyle.C.Astronomers.

19.HowmanyreasonsarementionedforStephenHawking'sbeingagenius?

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.

20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?

A.ThestoryofStephenHawking.

B.ThecontributionofFredHoyle.

C.Thebirthofthebigbangtheory.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Weareallawareoftheeffectgreenhousegasemissions（排放）ishavingonourplanetandtheeffortsneeded

toprotecttheearth.Mostofusaredoingourbittoreduceourinfluenceortheenvironment,butdespiteour

collectiveeffort,arewedoingenoughtoachievenetzeroby2050?

Netzeromeansnotaddingtotheamountofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere.Manycountriesaredoing

theirbitbychanginghowtheyproduceandusepowertocutdowncarbondioxide（二氧化碳）output.Andthey

announcedwhatfurtherstepstheyweregoingtotakeattherecentCOP26summitinGlasgow（格拉斯哥氣候峰

會(huì)）.

IntheUK,thegovernmenthasbeensettingoutitsplanstoachievenetzeroby2050.Ifsrecentlyannounced

anenddateforthesaleofgasboilers,whichareusedfbrheatinghomes.Theideaistoreplacethemwithheat

pumps.It'sofferinghomeownersupto￡5,000toreplacethem.AnotherplanintheUKisabigpushtowards

electriccars.Morechargingpointsaretobeaddedinstreets,andnonewpetrolcarswillbesoldby2030.

Butnotallemissionscanbereducedtozero,sothereshouldbeotherwaystomakeupforit.Onewaytodo

thisistoplantthousandsoftrees,whicharegoodattakingincarbondioxide.TheUKgovernmenthaspromisedto

plant30,000hectaresoftreesayearby2025.Otherideascanworktoo,butwhat'scertainisthiswillcostmoney.

TheCBI's（英國(guó)工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)）TomThackraytoldtheBBC,“thosecostshavetobeweighedupagainstthecostof

doingnothing.^^

WhethertheUK,oranyoneelse,reachesnetzeroisyettobeseen.Andthere'ssomedoubtabouthowthiscan

beaccuratelymeasuredanyway.Butit'sgenerallyrecognisedthataglobaleffortisneededtoprotectthe

environment.Therefore,netzerotargetsonlymakesenseifeveryothercountryismovinginthesamedirection.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.peoplearedoingenoughtoreducetheamountofgreengas

B.gasboilersmustbereplacedbytheendof2030intheUK

C.TomThackraybelievedtheUKgovernmentiswastingmoney

D.itmightbedifficulttojudgewhethertheUKreachesnetzero

2.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardsnetzerotargets?

A.Negative.B.Subjective.C.Objective.D.Supportive.

3.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AchievingNetZeroTargetTogetherB.ProtectingtheEnvironment

C.ReducingGreenhouseGasEmissionsD.PlantingMoreTreesTogether

【答案】l.D2.C3.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道.文章介紹了英國(guó)政府為實(shí)現(xiàn)“凈零排放”而制定的一些計(jì)劃，而真正實(shí)現(xiàn)

這一計(jì)劃，需要全球的共同努力。

【1題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段uWhethertheUK,oranyoneelse,reachesnetzeroisyettobeseen.And

there'ssomedoubtabouthowthiscanbeaccuratelymeasuredanyway.（英國(guó)或其他任何國(guó)家是否會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零碳

排放還有待觀察。對(duì)于如何準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量這一點(diǎn)，人們存在一些疑問(wèn)。）”可推斷，可能很難判斷英國(guó)是否達(dá)到

“凈零排放”。故選D。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段uMostofusaredoingourbittoreduceourinfluenceortheenvironment,but

despiteourcollectiveeffort,arewedoingenoughtoachievenetzeroby2050?（我們大多數(shù)人都在盡自己的——份

力量來(lái)減少我們對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，但盡管我們共同努力，我們所做的足以在2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零嗎?”'和最后

一段uWhethertheUK,oranyoneelse,reachesnetzeroisyettobeseen.Andthere\somedoubtabouthowthis

canbeaccuratelymeasuredanyway.Butit'sgenerallyrecognisedthataglobaleffortisneededtoprotectthe

environment.Therefore,netzerotargetsonlymakesenseifeveryothercountryismovinginthesamedirection.

（英國(guó)或其他任何國(guó)家是否會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零碳排放還有待觀察。對(duì)于如何準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量這一點(diǎn)，人們存在一些疑問(wèn)。

但人們普遍認(rèn)為，需要全球共同努力來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境。因此，凈零目標(biāo)只有在其他所有國(guó)家都朝著同樣的方向

前進(jìn)時(shí)才有意義。y及全文可知，作者客觀的陳述“凈零排放”計(jì)劃所采取的措施以及人們的觀點(diǎn)，從而

可推斷，作者對(duì)“凈零排放”目標(biāo)的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選c。

【3題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Butifsgenerallyrecognisedthataglobaleffortisneededtoprotectthe

environment.Therefore,netzerotargetsonlymakesenseifeveryothercountryismovinginthesamedirection.

（但人們普遍認(rèn)為，需要全球共同努力來(lái)保護(hù)環(huán)境。因此，凈零目標(biāo)只有在其他所有國(guó)家都朝著同樣的方向

前進(jìn)時(shí)才有意義。）”及全文可知，文章介紹了英國(guó)政府為實(shí)現(xiàn)“凈零排放”而制定的一些計(jì)劃，而真正

實(shí)現(xiàn)這一計(jì)劃，需要全球的共同努力。所以“AchievingNetZeroTargetTogether（共同實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零目標(biāo)）”作為

文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。

B

Ifyouareafanofmedicalfilms,thenyouwillknowthereareemergencyhelicopterservicesthatwilltakebadly

injuredpatientstohospitalslongdistancesaway.Youprobablyalsoknowthatinthesefilmsmostambulances（救護(hù)

車）areonwheelsandgoacrosscitystreetswheretherearefewertrafficjamsthaninreallife.

Butnow,IsraePsUrbanAeronautics,announcedthatitmadeanagreementtoworkwithHatzolahAirtoproduce

anddevelopitsCityHawkaircraftasanemergencymedicalservice.TheCityHawkissmallandcanflyanywhere

andlandanywhere,makingitabletoworkincitiesabovethetrafficjam.Ithasnowingsoutsideandcanworkeven

inbadweatherconditions.

“WeareexcitedtoworkwithHatzolahAironthedevelopmentofourCityHawkvehicle,saidRafiYoeli,CEO

ofUrbanAeronautics."Itssmallsizewillenableittolandinthemiddleofabusycitystreet,makingitaperfectfit

formedicaltasksbygreatlyreducingthetimeittakestoarriveon-scene,treatandtransportsickorinjuredpatients

tomedicalfacilities.^^

“OneofHatzolah'smostimportantgoalsistobesomewherewithinminutes.Unlikehelicopters,wecanland

anywherewithinminutes,Yoelisaid."Wcwillbeabletoimprovethecareofpatients.Theywanttobeequipped

withthebestaircraft.^^HatzolahAir'spresidentEliRowesaidthatheforesees（預(yù):則）thepossibleneedfor800

CityHawkssinceitisasix-passengervehiclethatcancarryapilot,apatientandateamofprofessionals.

UrbanAeronauticsisworkingoncertification（認(rèn)證）foremergencyuseofitsCityHawkaircraft.The

developmentoftheflyingambulanceisexpectedtotakeuptofiveyearsbutamodelwillbereadysooner.Aflying

ambulancemaybecomingtoacitynearyousoon.

4.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Togiveanexampleofmedicalrescue.

B.Toleadtothetopicoftheflyingambulance.

C.Toshowthefuturemarketfbraircraftmedicalservice.

D.Totelltheadvantagesofemergencymedicalhelicopters.

5.WhatdoweknowabouttheCityHawk?

A.Itmakesmedicaltasksincitiesmoreconvenient.

B.Itwilltaketheplaceofambulancesoncityroads.

C.Itisdifficulttooperateinbadweatherconditions.

D.Itcancarryenoughmedicalsuppliesimmediately.

6.What'sRafiYoeli'sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentoftheCityHawk?

A.Worried.B.Doubtful.C.Positive.D.Surprised.

7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.TheCityHawkhasgotcertificationfromthegovernment.

B.TheCityHawkfacesgreatdifficultiestobecomeareality.

C.TheCityHawkdrawsgreatattentionofhospitals.

D.TheCityHawkwillcomeintouseinthenearfuture.

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了以色列城市航空公司(UrbanAeronautics)宣布與哈卓拉航空公司

(HatzolahAir)達(dá)成協(xié)議，生產(chǎn)和開(kāi)發(fā)“城市鷹”(CityHawk)飛機(jī)，作為緊急醫(yī)療服務(wù)。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyouareafanofmedicalfilms,thenyouwillknowthereareemergencyhelicopter

servicesthatwilltakebadlyinjuredpatientstohospitalslongdistancesaway.Youprobablyalsoknowthatinthese

filmsmostambulancesareonwheelsandgoacrosscitystreetswheretherearefewertrafficjamsthaninreal

life."(如果你是醫(yī)療電影的粉絲，那么你就會(huì)知道有緊急直升機(jī)服務(wù)，可以把嚴(yán)重受傷的病人送到很遠(yuǎn)

的醫(yī)院。你可能也知道，在這些電影中，大多數(shù)救護(hù)車都是有輪子的，穿過(guò)城市街道，那里的交通堵塞比

現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中要少。)以及第二段第一句"Butnow,IsraePsUrbanAeronautics,announcedthatitmadean

agreementtoworkwithHatzolahAirtoproduceanddevelopitsCityHawkaircraftasanemergencymedical

service.n(但現(xiàn)在，以色列城市航空公司(UrbanAeronautics)宣布與哈卓拉航空公司(HatzolahAir)達(dá)

成協(xié)議，生產(chǎn)和開(kāi)發(fā)“城市鷹”（CityHawk）飛機(jī)，作為緊急醫(yī)療服務(wù)。）故可推知，第一段的作用是引

出飛行救護(hù)車的話題。故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheCityHawkissmallandcanflyanywhereandlandanywhere,makingitableto

workincitiesabovethetrafficjam.Ithasnowingsoutsideandcanworkeveninbadweatherconditions.w（“城

市鷹”無(wú)人機(jī)體積小，可以在任何地方飛行和降落，使其能夠在交通擁堵以上的城市工作。它在外面沒(méi)有

翅膀，即使在惡劣的天氣條件下也能工作。）可知，關(guān)于“城市鷹”我們知道，它使城市的醫(yī)療任務(wù)更加

方便。故選A項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“WeareexcitedtoworkwithHatzolahAironthedevelopmentofourCityHawk

vehicle,saidRafiYocli,CEOofUrbanAeronautics.44Itssmallsizewillenableittolandinthemiddleofabusy

citystreet,makingitaperfectfitformedicaltasksbygreatlyreducingthetimeittakestoarriveon-scene,treatand

transportsickorinjuredpatientstomedicalfacilities.""（rbanAeronautics公司首席執(zhí)行官RafiYoeli表示：

“我們很高興能與Hatzolah航空公司合作開(kāi)發(fā)CityHawk飛行器?！八男〕叽缡顾軌蚪德湓诜泵Φ某?/p>

市街道中間，大大縮短了到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)、治療和將生病或受傷的病人運(yùn)送到醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的時(shí)間，使它非常適合執(zhí)

行醫(yī)療任務(wù)。"）故可推知，Ra仔Yoeli對(duì)“城市鷹”的發(fā)展持積極肯定的態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段中“Thedevelopmentoftheflyingambulanceisexpectedtotakeuptofiveyearsbut

amodelwillbereadysooner.Aflyingambulancemaybecomingtoacitynearyousoon.v（飛彳亍救護(hù)車的開(kāi)發(fā)

預(yù)計(jì)需要5年時(shí)間，但模型將很快準(zhǔn)備就緒。一輛飛行救護(hù)車可能很快就會(huì)來(lái)到你附近的城市。）可知，

從最后一段我們能推斷出，“城市鷹”將在不久的將來(lái)投入使用。故選D項(xiàng)。

C

ThecityofMarquetteinMichiganisclosingasectionofaroadtovehiculartrafficeverynighttoprotect

migratingsalamanders（蛛嫄）.From8p.m.to8a.m.dailyuntilApril15oruntilthemigrationiscompleted,a

sectionofPeterWhiteDriveinPresqueIsleParkwillbeclosed,thecityannounced.

^Protectingtheblue-spottedsalamanders5migrationisvital,astheyareanindicatorspecies,informingusabout

thehealthofourenvironment,9,saidKathleenHenry,SuperiorWatershedPartnership（SWP）specialprojects

coordinator（協(xié)調(diào)員）andeducationspecialist.Thesalamandersspendthecoldwinterunder-ground.Thenevery

spring,theymaketheirwaytothewaterwheretheylayeggs.

Itwasin2018thatEliBieri,aformerNorthernMichiganUniversitystudent,noticedvehicleswerekilling

hundredsofthesemigratingsalamanders.44Wewouldseethousandsandthousandsofsalamanderscrossingthestreet

injustonenight,“BieritoldtheDetroitFreePress.4tItwasreallyamazing-untilweseecarspassbyandsquish

salamanders.Thatreallytroubledme—itkeptmeawakeatnight.^^HeenlistedthehelpoftheSWP,whoreached

outtoMarquettecityofficials.Lastspringtheygottherelevantstretchofroadwithintheparktemporaryclosedto

eveningandovernightvehiculartraffic.

In2019,beforetheclosure,theyfound429salamandercarcasses（尸體）intheroad.Lastyear,theycounted

only3carcasses.Withthatsuccessdemonstrated,cityofficialsaredoingthesamethisyear."Thegoalistoapplyour

sciencetowildlifemanagement/5Bierisaid."Tobeabletoseein-personthescienceappliedtosuccessful

managementpracticeswasverysatisfying.”

8.What'sthesignificanceofprotectingthesalamanders?

A.Salamanderscanoffergreatfinancialbenefitstothegovernments.

B.Protectingsalamanderscangreatlyreducetrafficaccidentsatnight.

C.Salamandersareagreatsignforourenvironment'sconditions.

D.Salamandersaremainfoodforotherlivingcreaturesnearthesea.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“squish“inparagraph3mean?

A.Avoid.B.Kill.C.Feed.D.Ignore.

10.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribetheeffectofprotectingmeasure?

A.Successful.B.Concerning.C.InsufficientD.Ridiculous.

11.Whatisasuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.WhatSalamandersMeantoUs

B.AProperWaytoProtectOurEarth

CWaystoProtectSalamanders

D.A12-HourClosureforWildlife

【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了密執(zhí)安州的Marquette為了蛛媒而關(guān)閉夜間道路的情況。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Protectingtheblue-spottedsalamanders1migrationisvital,astheyareanindicator

species,informingusaboutthehealthofourenvironment.（保護(hù)藍(lán)斑蜘原遷徙是至關(guān)重要的，因?yàn)樗鼈兪且?/p>

種指示物種，可以告知我們環(huán)境的健康狀況）”可知，蝶嫄是我們環(huán)境健康狀況的體現(xiàn)者。故選C。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文"Itwasin2018thatEliBieri,afonnerNorthernMichiganUniversitystudent,

noticedvehicleswerekillinghundredsofthesemigratingsalamanders.（2018年，前北密歇根大學(xué)學(xué)生EliBieri

注意到車輛正在殺死數(shù)百只遷徙的蝶嫄）”可知，此處講述汽車經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)，會(huì)把一些蛛嫄遷徙的蛛嫄壓死。由

此可知，戈IJ線詞squish與kill“殺死”意思接近。故選B。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“In2019,beforetheclosure,theyfound429salamandercarcasses（尸體）inthe

road.Lastyear,theycountedonly3carcasses.（2019年，在封城之前，他們?cè)诼飞习l(fā)現(xiàn)了429只蝶蜘尸體。去

年，他們只統(tǒng)計(jì)了3具尸體）”可知，施行道路階段封閉后，螺嫄的死亡數(shù)量大大降低。由此推知，采取的

保護(hù)措施是非常成功的。故選A。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"ThecityofMarquetteinMichiganisclosingasectionofaroadtovehiculartraffic

everynighttoprotectmigratingsalamanders（蛛!I原）.From8p.m.to8a.m.dailyuntilApril15oruntilthe

migrationiscompleted,asectionofPeterWhiteDriveinPresqueIsleParkwillbeclosed,thecityannounced.（密

歇根州的馬奎特市每晚都會(huì)關(guān)閉一段道路，禁止車輛通行，以保護(hù)遷徙的蛛嫄。該市宣布，從每天晚上8

點(diǎn)到早上8點(diǎn)，直到4月15日，或者直到遷移完成，普雷斯克島公園的彼得?懷特大道將關(guān)閉）”可知，

本文主要介紹了為拯救嫌?jì)?，政府所采取的夜?2小時(shí)道路為汽車關(guān)閉的措施。由此可知，A12-Hour

ClosurefbrWildlife（為野生動(dòng)物封閉12小時(shí)）適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。

D

AstudybyateamofNanyangTechnologicalUniversity,Singapore（NTUSingapore）psychologistshasfound

alinkbetweenextraverts（外向的人）andtheirwordchoices.Thefindinghighlightstheneedforstrongerlinguistic

indicatorstobedevelopedfbruseinonlinepersonalitypredictiontools,whicharebeingrapidlyadoptedby

companiestoimprovedigitalmarketingstrategies.

Today,marketingcompaniesusepredictivealgorithms（算法）tohelpthemforecastwhatconsumerswantbased

ontheironlinebehaviors.Forexample,anextravertconsumermightbeattractedtomarketingmessagesthatmatch

theirpersonality,andretailbrandscouldthenchoosetotargetsuchconsumersbyusingmoreextravertedandcreative

languagetoadvertisetheirproducts.However,personalitypredictiontoolsavailabletodaythatarcusedbymarketing

firmsarenotentirelyaccurateduetoalackoftheoreticallysounddesigns.Thismayleadtoaweaknessaffectingthe

performanceofthemachinelearningalgorithms.Thisbegsthequestion—howshouldwecreaterobustandaccurate

personalitypredictions?

Thestudyfoundacorrelationbetweenextravertsandtheirtendencytousecertaincategoriesofwords.The

resultsshowedasmallstrengthofrelationshipbetweenextraversionandtheuseof"positiveemotionwords"and

“socialprocesswords.”

Positiveemotionwordsaredefinedaswordsthatdescribeapleasantemotionalstate,suchas"love","happy”,

or“blessed"，orthatindicatepositivityoroptimism,suchas“beautiftd"or"nice”.Socialprocesswordsinclude

wordscontainingpersonalpronounsexceptandwordsshowingsocialintentions,suchas"meet","share”and

“talk”.

Movingforward,theNTUresearchteamwillinvestigatetherelationshipbetweenextraversionandotherword

categories.Theyhopetheirworkwillprovideclarityonthetypesofwordsthatcanhelpguidethedevelopmentof

moreaccuratemachinelearningtoolsforpersonalityprediction.

12.Welearnfromthepassagethefindingsofthestudycanbeusedtohelp.

A.observeconsumers9behavior

B.forecasttheneedofcompanies

C.createpracticalpersonalitypredictions

D.findcorrelationbetweenextravertsandads

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“robust"meaninParagraph2?

A.Renewable.B.Forceful.C.Doubtful.D.Variable.

14.Whichofthefollowingwordsmaybelongtoextraverts5commonlyusedvocabulary?

A.Dispute.B.Interaction.C.Disaster.D.Loneliness.

15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?

A.Thedirectionoffutureresearch.

B.Thetheoreticalbasisofthestudy.

C.Thestrengthofbusinessstrategies.

D.Thedevelopmentofmachinelearningtools.

【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，外向者和他們的用詞之間存在聯(lián)系，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)突

出表明，需要開(kāi)發(fā)更強(qiáng)大的語(yǔ)言指標(biāo)，用于在線個(gè)性預(yù)測(cè)工具，公司正在迅速采用這些工具來(lái)改進(jìn)數(shù)字營(yíng)

銷策略。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AstudybyateamofNanyangTechnologicalUniversity,Singapore(NTU

Singapore)psychologistshasfoundalinkbetweenextravertsandtheirwordchoices.Thefindinghighlights

theneedforstrongerlinguisticindicatorstobedevelopedforuseinonlinepersonalitypredictiontools,whichare

beingrapidlyadoptedbycompaniestoimprovedigitalmarketingstrategies.（新加坡南洋理工大學(xué)心理學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)

的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，外向者和他們的用詞之間存在聯(lián)系。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)突出表明，需要開(kāi)發(fā)更強(qiáng)大的語(yǔ)言指標(biāo)，

用于在線個(gè)性預(yù)測(cè)工具，公司正在迅速采用這些工具來(lái)改進(jìn)數(shù)字營(yíng)銷策略）”可知，這項(xiàng)研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)可以用

來(lái)做出實(shí)際的性格預(yù)測(cè)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文uHowever,personalitypredictiontoolsavailabletodaythatareusedbymarketingfirms

arenotentirelyaccurateduetoalackoftheoreticallysounddesigns.（然而，由于缺乏理論上合理的設(shè)計(jì)，如今

營(yíng)銷公司使用的人格預(yù)測(cè)工具并不完全準(zhǔn)確）”以及"Thisbegsthequestion—howshouldwecreaterobust

andaccuratepersonalitypredictions?（這就引出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題---我們應(yīng)該如何做出robust又準(zhǔn)確的性格預(yù)

測(cè)?）"可知，robust和accurate并列，為形容詞，表達(dá)意思相近，根據(jù)前文推測(cè)如今營(yíng)銷公司使用的人格預(yù)

測(cè)工具并不完全準(zhǔn)確，所以此處表達(dá)“我們應(yīng)該如何做出強(qiáng)有力而準(zhǔn)確的性格預(yù)測(cè)”之意，robust意為

“強(qiáng)有力的”之意，和B項(xiàng)“ForcefUl”意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Theresultsshowedasmallstrengthofrelationshipbetweenextraversionandtheuse

ofupositiveemotionwordsMand"socialprocesswords.”（結(jié)果顯示，外向性與"積極情緒詞匯"和"社

會(huì)過(guò)程詞匯”的使用之間存在一定程度的關(guān)系）”以及第四段“Positiveemotionwordsaredefinedaswords

thatdescribeapleasantemotionalstate,suchas"love","happy",or"blessed”,orthatindicatepositivityor

optimism,suchas“beautiful"or"nice”.Socialprocesswordsincludewordscontainingpersonalpronouns

exceptal",andwordsshowingsocialintentions,suchas"meet","share"and"talk".（積極情緒詞被定

義為描述愉快情緒狀態(tài)的詞，如“愛(ài)”、“快樂(lè)”或“有?！?，或表示積極或樂(lè)觀的詞，如“美麗”或

“好看”。社會(huì)過(guò)程詞包括除“我”外含有人稱代詞的詞，以及表示社會(huì)意圖的詞，如“見(jiàn)面”、“分

享”、“交談”）”結(jié)合選線可知，B項(xiàng)“Interaction交互作用”是社會(huì)過(guò)程詞，可能屬于外向者的常用詞

匯。故選B項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段**Movingforward,theNTUresearchteamwillinvestigatetherelationshipbetween

extraversionandotherwordcategories.Theyhopetheirworkwillprovideclarityonthetypesofwordsthatcan

helpguidethedevelopmentofmoreaccuratemachinelearningtoolsforpersonalityprediction/未來(lái)，南洋理工大

學(xué)的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)將調(diào)查外向性和其他詞匯類別之間的關(guān)系。他們希望他們的工作將澄清詞語(yǔ)的類型，幫助指

導(dǎo)開(kāi)發(fā)更準(zhǔn)確的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)工具，以進(jìn)行性格預(yù)測(cè)）”可知，最后一段主要介紹南洋理工大學(xué)的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)未來(lái)

的研究方向。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Thereismuchdebatenowadaysastowhatmakesupahealthydiet.16However,thereisincreasing

evidencethattherealdriverofpoorhealthisnotsomuchfattyfood,butitissomuchsugar.Heartdiseaseisthe

numberonekillerofAmericans.AndinAmerica,peoplewhoreceive25%oftheirdailycaloriesormorethrough

sugararetwiceaslikelytodiefromheartdiseasethanpeoplewhoreceivelessthan10%aday（Journalofthe

AmericanMedicalAssociation,2021）.Thisistrueregardlessofhowhealthytherestoftheirdietmightbe.Putit

moresimply,whilepeoplecontinuetoargueoverwhetherornotfattyfoodisdangerous,wealreadyknowthatsugar

isakiller.

17TheaverageAmericangets1/3ofhisorhersugarthroughsweetdrinksalone.TheAmericanHeart

Associationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100-150caloriesadayfromsugar,whichislessthan

whatisusuallycontainedinonecanofsweetdrinkorinasinglecandybar.18Youhavetostophaving

sweetdrinksaltogether.

Beyondthis,youcankeephealthybyconsumingdifferentcategoriesoffreshfoods,especiallyfruitand

vegetables,whicharefullofvitaminsandfibre,ratherthanprocessedfoods.19Theyhavehigher

quantitiesofsugar,salt,andfatthanfreshingredients（原料）.Besidesthis,itisalsoimportanttohavesomemeat,

beans,ordairyproductsinyourdiet,astheyprovidethenecessaryproteinforstrongbonesandmusclegrowth.

Aswitheverythinginlife,moderation（適度）iskey.Theidealdietisabalancedone,withouttoomuchortoo

littleofanyonething.

Finally,afundamentalkeytohealthyeatingistoeatslowly.Ittakesabouttwentyminutesfromthetimewhen

youstarteatingforyourbraintotellyourbodythatyouarefull.Whatthismeansisthatpeoplewhochewtooquickly

endupeatingtoomuchfoodbecausetheystillfeelhungry.20Itwillalsoallowyoutoenjoyyourfood

more.

A.Processedfoodsoftencontainlessnutrition.

B.Don'tletfoodbecomethecentreofyourlife.

C.Eatingalargeamountoffoodeachtimeisnotnecessary.

DMuchofthisextrasugarcomesfromsweetsandsweetdrinks.

E.Eatingslowlyalsoallowsyourbodytodigestyourfoodbetter.

F.Inotherwords,ifyouwanttobehealthy,youhavetocutdownondesserts.

G.Forexample,scientistshaveinsistedforyearsthatabigenemyofhealthisfattyfood.

【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.A20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。主要介紹健康飲食的組成。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)前文**Thereismuchdebatenowadaysastowhatmakesupahealthydiet.（現(xiàn)在關(guān)于健康飲食的組成有很

多爭(zhēng)論）“以及后文"However,thereisincreasingevidencethattherealdriverofpoorhealthisnotsomuchfatty

fbod,butitissomuchsugar.（然而，越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)表明，健康狀況不佳的真正原因不是高脂肪食物，而是

太多的糖）”可知，空處應(yīng)是一個(gè)過(guò)渡句，由爭(zhēng)論到具體的食物，所以G項(xiàng)“Forexample,scientistshave

insistedforyearsthatabigenemyofhealthisfattyfood.（例如，科學(xué)家多年來(lái)一直堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，健康的一大敵

人是高脂肪食品）”符合文意，其中面tyfbod為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

分析設(shè)空，位于段首是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“TheaverageAmericangets1/30fhisorhersugarthrough

sweetdrinksalone.（美國(guó)人平均1/3的糖來(lái)自甜味飲料）”可知，本段主要講甜飲料中的糖分，所以D項(xiàng)

"Muchofthisextrasugarcomesfromsweetsandsweetdrinks.（這些額外的糖分大部分來(lái)自于糖果和甜飲

料）”符合文意，其中sweetdrinks為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“TheAmericanHeartAssociationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100-150caloriesa

dayfromsugar,whichislessthanwhatisusuallycontainedinonecanofsweetdrinkorinasinglecandybar.（美

國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)（AmericanHeartAssociation）建議我們將自己每天攝入的糖控制在100-150卡路里以內(nèi)，這比

一罐甜飲料或一塊糖果中通常含有的熱量還要少）”以及后文“Youhavetostophavingsweetdrinks

altogether.（你必須完全停止喝含糖飲料）”可知，此處是在講應(yīng)該要控制每天的糖攝入量，所以F項(xiàng)“In

otherwords,ifyouwanttobehealthy,youhavetocutdownondesserts.（換句話說(shuō)，如果你想要健康，你就得

少吃甜點(diǎn)）”符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)前文uBeyondthis,youcankeephealthybyconsumingdifferentcategoriesoffreshfoods,especiallyfruit

andvegetables,whicharefullofvitaminsandfibre,ratherthanprocessedfbods.（除此之外，你可以通過(guò)食用不

同種類的新鮮食物來(lái)保持健康，尤其是富含維生素和纖維的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品）”以及后文

“Theyhavehigherquantitiesofsugar,salt,andfatthanfreshingredients.（它們比新鮮食材含有更多的糖、

鹽和脂肪）”可知，空處應(yīng)是講加工食品的壞處，所