Unit+6+Disaster+and+Hope+Using+language課后練習題 高中英語外研版（2019）必修第三冊

UsinglanguageⅠ.單詞拼寫1.Withchangesinthesocialandfamilystructure,it’s(預測)thatthepeteconomywillhaveabroadermarketprospect.2.Ithinkweshouldworkoutaplantodealwiththis(危機).3.Heknewhecouldgetthroughany(緊急情況)ifhetriedhisbest.4.Thisyearmarksthe53rdanniversaryofthesuccessfullaunchofChina’sfirst(人造衛(wèi)星),DFH-1.5.Itishighlynecessarytoprotectourselvesagainstthedangersofthecoming(臺風).6.Whenthe(營救人員)reachedtheruins,theysawmanydeadbodies.7.Nobodyknows(精確地)howmanypeoplearestilllivinginthecamp.8.Luckily,theoldcouplewere(營救)bythelocalpeople.9.Beforethethiefwasabletorunaway,theyoungman(抓住)thethiefbythecollar.10.Thesevereearthquake(奪去)thelivesofthousandsofpeoplein2008.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.Basedonscientificresearch,thereportis(rely)andconvincing.2.Canyougiveamore(precisely)definitionoftheEnglishword?3.Theballetschooloffersfreeplacestochildrenwhoare(exceptional)talented.4.AirpollutioniswhatmostChinesepeopleareconcernedaboutnowadays,becausetheirhealth(threaten).5.Thelakebythevillageisreported(claim)thelivesofmanychildreninthepastthreeyears.6.Researchhasshownthatisolatingthemselvesfromothersmightresultdepressionamongteenagers.7.Inthesedaysoftechnologicalchangeweallsufferinformationoverloadindailylife.8.Onthewaythecompany,IcameacrossmyfriendwhomovedtoBeijingtwoyearsago.9.Theprogramconsistsrecitation,singing,wordspelling,storytellingandsoon.10.Helefttheimportantinformationonpurposewhenaskedaboutthecase.Ⅲ.句型轉換(使用省略結構)1.Justtakeashortbreakifyouaretired.→Justtakeashortbreak.2.Theburnthatshegotfromtheironwasredanditwasverypainful.→Theburnwasredand.3.Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirst-aidcoursebutmostofthestudentshaven’tdoneafirst-aidcourse.→Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirst-aidcoursebut.4.Johnwillgoabroadtotravelbuthisbrotherwillnotgoabroadtotravel.→Johnwillgoabroadtotravelbut.5.Shestoodatthegateasifshewaswaitingforsomeone.→Shestoodatthegate.Ⅳ.閱讀理解AAnearthquakeisoneofthemostcommonnaturaldisasters.Itmaycausegreatdamage.Soitiswisetolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.Fragileitems,likethosemadeofglassshouldusuallybeplacedonalowersurface,nearthegroundinsteadofplacingthemoncupboardshigherup.Neverplacethemnearyourbed,sofasandotherfurniturewhereyouwouldbesittingorlyingdown.Whenthereisastrongmovement,thesepieceswillfallonthefloordirectlyandnotonyou.Thereisastrongchanceofshortcircuits(短路)andfireoutbreaksduringanearthquake.Makesureyouturnoffelectricalconnectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.Duringanearthquake,liebeneathanobjectthatisnoteasilydamaged.Donotgonearobjectsthatcoulddirectlyfallonyou.Neverusetheelevatortogodown.Stayinsideuntiltheshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Researchhasshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout.Usethestaircasesatalltimes.Ifyouareoutdoors,donottakeshelterunderatree,streetlights,electricpolesortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving,stopyourcarandstayinasafeplace.Donotparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.Iftrappedindebris(瓦礫堆),coveryourmouthwithahandkerchieforclothing.Taponapipeorwallsorescuerscanfindyou.Useawhistle(哨子)ifitisavailable.Nevershoutforhelp.Shoutingcancauseyoutobreatheindangerousamountsofdust.Donotlightamatchbecauseyoumayburnyourself.Donotmoveaboutorkickupdust.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Fragile”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Easilybroken. B.Easilyfound.C.Expensive. D.Heavy.2.Toreducetheinjuryfromtheearthquake,whereshoulditemsmadeofglassbeput?A.Oncupboards.B.Inthebedroom.C.Onalowersurface.D.Theplaceswherechildrencan’treachthem.3.Duringanearthquake,whatarepeopleadvisedtodo?A.Gooutofthebuildingatonce.B.Turnoffpowerandgasimmediately.C.Takeshelterunderatree.D.Drivetoasafeplace.4.Whatdoesthepassagetelltoreaders?A.Thedamagecausedbyearthquakes.B.Therescueworkafterearthquakes.C.Whattododuringearthquakes.D.Howtopreventearthquakes.BPeruvianfirefighterswerefightingtocontrolaforestfirenearMachuPicchuonThursday,astheflamesthreatenedtocloseinontheancientcityhighintheAndeanmountains.MachuPicchu,asiteofIncaruinssittingontopofamountain,wasbuiltinthemid-15thcenturybytheIncas,whoseempirecontrolledlargeareasofSouthAmericafromwhatistodaysouthernEcuadortocentralChile.Consideredasoneofthenewsevenwondersoftheworld,itisatoptouristattractioninCusco,Peru.Thefire,whichhaddamagedanareaabouthalfthesizeofVaticanCity,wasstartedonJune28,2022byfarmersburninggrasstopreparetoplantnewseeds.SinceTuesday,about20hectares(49acres)hadbeenaffectedbythefire,themayorofthenearbycityofCuscosaid.Thefire’sremotenessgreatlyinfluencedfirefightingefforts.“Wehavealreadybeenfightingtheforestfirefortwodaysandithasnotbeenpossibletogetitundercontrol,fortheareaisquitefarawayandhardtoreach,”saidRobertoAbarca,directoroftheCuscoRiskManagementandSecurityOffice.Some600firefightersandvolunteersbattledthefire,andhelicoptersdroppedretardants(阻燃劑)infrontoftheflamestopreventthemfromspreadingtoarchaeological(考古學的)sites.“Thefirehasleftthecriticalzonewheretherearearchaeologicalmonuments,butisstillburningfiercely,”thegovernmentsaid.WhileSouthAmerica’stoparchaeologicaltreasurewassafefromthefire,expertsfearedthedestructionofthousandsofacresofnearbyforestwoulddamageMachuPicchu’sattractiontotourists.5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMachuPicchu?A.Ithasahistoryofathousandyears.B.Howandwhyitwasbuiltremainsunknown.C.ItcoversanareafromsouthernEcuadortocentralChile.D.Itisregardedasoneofthenewsevenwondersoftheworld.6.Whatdoweknowaboutthefirefromthepassage?A.Itwasputoutbeforeitreachedarchaeologicalsites.B.Itsremotenessaddedtothedifficultyoffirefighting.C.Itwasstartedwhenfarmerswereplantingnewseeds.D.Itaffectedabout49acresofMachuPicchualtogether.7.Howdoesthewritershowtheseriousnessofthefire?A.Byusingnumbers.B.Bygivingdefinitions.C.Byprovidingexamples.D.Bymakingcomparison.8.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Astorycollection.B.Atouristbrochure.C.Aweeklynewspaper.D.Ageographymagazine.Ⅴ.七選五Chinaisoneofthecountrieswiththemostseriousnaturaldisastersintheworld.Therearemanykindsofdisasters,withwidedistribution,highfrequencyandheavylosses.Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.1ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchmoresevereandcomplexsituations.Inordertoraisetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructionsaregiventothepublic.2Let’shavealook.

FireWhenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.3Rollonthegroundifyoufindyourclothesonfire.Itistoodangeroustotaketheelevatorinthissituation,soitisbettertouseabundleofropeandsafelyslidedownfromthebalcony.Jumpingoffthebuildingblindlywillcauseseriousinjuries.

Mud-rockflowRainstormsmaycausemud-rockflow,andit’sreallydangeroustostaydownstream.Whenyoutrytoescapefromit,insteadofgoingalongthebottomoftheditch,itismuchwisertoclimbupthemountainhorizontallyandquickly.Pleaseescapefromtheditchwhenselectingacampingfield.It’simportanttochecktheweatherwhengoingintothemountain.Flood4Wecoulduseawoodenbedortabletomakearaftandtieittoabigtreewithasafetyrope.Wehavetopreparefoodandwarmclothestogetthroughit.

LightningstrikeOncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.5Ofcourse,youalsoshouldstayawayfromirontowerpoles.Weneedtopayattentiontoitevenwhenwestayathome.Closethedoors,windowsandcutoffthepower.

A.Cutoffthepowerandshutoffwatersources.B.Pleasedon’tstandunderthetreeinsuchkindofweather.C.Trytofindahigherplace,butstayingonaroofisn’tagoodchoice.D.Firstyouneedtotakeshelter,andthenfindagapunderthetableorbed.E.LossescausedbynaturaldisastersinChinaarecontinuouslyincreasing.F.Theyalsoplayapartinpopularizingtheknowledgeandself-rescueskills.G.Inthatcase,pleasecoveryournoseandyourmouthwithawettowel.Ⅵ.完形填空Manypeoplepanicwhenthingsgowrong,butothersknowhowtotakecharge.Fora1groupofstudentsinTopsham,Maine,brothersConnorandSeamusCollinsfallintothesecondcategory(類).Sixteen-year-oldConnorand12-year-oldSeamuswere2thebustoschoolonemorningwhensuddenlyConnorsawtheirbusdriverArthurMcDougall3amedicalemergencyandhitthefloorheavily.Thebuswas4theditch(溝渠)ontheright.Connorwholearnthowtodrive5immediatelywhathehadtodo.

“I6andpressedonthebrakeandtoldmylittlebrothertocall911,”hesaid,recallingtheprocessatthemoment.“Ineedtostopthisbusbeforeitgoesintotheditch.”

Theteenagerheldthesteeringwheelwhilejamminghis7ontothebrake.

Meanwhile,Seamusmadesuresomeonecalledinsteadofhimandbeganto8theotherstudentstogetoffthebus9.Allthewhile,hekepthiscoolandevenpausedto10acryingstudentandcomforthim.

WhileSeamushandledtheotherkids,Connorandanotherstudenthadjust11givingArthurCPRwhenthepolicearrivedonthe12.Usingadefibrillator(除顫器),they13togetthedriver’sheartgoingagain.Thenhewassenttohospitalatonce.

Thebrothersarebeingpraisedfortheir14.Policesaytheykeptthesituationundercontrolandpreventedanyoneelsegettinghurt.“Ifnotforthem,wewouldhavemaybe15alittlelater,”saidGomez.“Thankthemforsteppingupandbeingheroes.”1.A.lovely B.proudC.intelligent D.lucky2.A.changing B.ridingC.stopping D.passing3.A.ignore B.explainC.suffer D.prevent4.A.headingfor B.keepingoffC.separatingfrom D.gettingthrough5.A.agreed B.wonderedC.knew D.remembered6.A.escaped B.roseC.observed D.considered7.A.foot B.backpackC.clothes D.tools8.A.order B.forceC.warn D.direct9.A.quickly B.suddenlyC.slowly D.naturally10.A.seize B.seekC.hug D.push11.A.missed B.startedC.avoided D.suggested12.A.station B.roadC.ditch D.scene13.A.happened B.managedC.decided D.expected14.A.action B.planC.purpose D.experience15.A.applied B.adaptedC.responded D.recoveredⅦ.應用文寫作假定你是李華,你的美國筆友Peter看見了中國某地發(fā)生特大洪水的新聞,給你寫郵件詢問政府和人民是如何應對自然災害的。請你用英語給他回一封郵件,內容包括:1.政府組織救援及醫(yī)護人員救災,并及時運送救援物資;2.人民群眾自發(fā)捐款捐物。注意:1.寫作詞數應為80左右;2.郵件的開頭和結尾已給出,不計入總詞數;3.請在相應位置作答。DearPeter,I’mgratefulbecauseyou’reconcernedaboutthefloodinChina.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thatishowwefacenaturaldisastersasabigfamily.Yourssincerely,LiHua參考答案Ⅰ.1.forecast/forecasted2.crisis3.emergency4.satellite5.typhoon6.rescuers7.precisely8.rescued9.grabbed10.claimedⅡ.1.reliable2.precise3.exceptionally4.isbeingthreatened5.tohaveclaimed6.in7.from8.to9.of10.outⅢ.1.iftired2.shegotfromtheiron;verypainful3.mosthaven’t4.hisbrotherwillnot5.asifwaitingforsomeoneⅣ.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要告訴讀者在地震發(fā)生時,應該采取什么樣的安全措施。1.A詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞下文“l(fā)ikethosemadeofglass”可知,玻璃制品容易碎。由like可知,下文是對fragileitems的舉例說明,由此推知畫線詞的意思是“易碎的”。2.C細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段的“l(fā)ikethosemadeofglassshouldusuallybeplacedonalowersurface,nearthegroundinsteadofplacingthemoncupboardshigherup”可知,玻璃制品應該放在低的水平面上。3.B細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“Makesureyouturnoffelectricalconnectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens”可知,地震時在室內的話應首先關閉電源和煤氣。4.C推理判斷題。根據文章的主要內容,尤其是第一段可推知,本文的主要目的是介紹地震時應采取的一些安全措施?！菊Z篇導讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了發(fā)生于秘魯馬丘比丘附近的一場森林大火。5.D細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段第二句可知,馬丘比丘被認為是世界新七大奇跡之一。6.B細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第四段可知,偏遠的地勢增加了滅火的難度。7.A推理判斷題。根據文章第三段可知,這場大火燒毀了約半個梵蒂岡城大小的區(qū)域,約有20公頃(49英畝)的土地受到火災影響。由此推測,作者是用數字展示了火災的嚴重性。8.C推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,文章主要講述的是2022年6月28日開始的馬丘比丘附近的一場森林大火的現狀,故文章最可能是一篇新聞報道,摘自一份周報。Ⅴ.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾種重大自然災害下的防災自救知識。1.E根據上文“Inthebackgroundofglobalclimatechange,majornaturaldisastersoccurfromtimetotime.”以及下文“ItmakesChinafaceevenmuchmoresevereandcomplexsituations.”可知E項“中國自然災害造成的損失不斷增加。”承接上文有許多自然災害,損失不斷增加,引出下文面臨更嚴峻和復雜的形勢。2.F根據上文“Inordertoraisetheawarenessofdisasterpreventionandminimizethelosses,warningsandinstructionsaregiventothepublic.”可知為了提高防災意識,最大限度地減少損失,政府向公眾發(fā)出警告和指示。F項“它們還在普及知識和自救技能方面發(fā)揮了作用?！迸c上文為并列關系。3.G根據上文“Whenafirebreaksout,smokethreatensmostly.”可知當火災發(fā)生時,煙霧威脅最大。G項“那樣的話,請用濕毛巾捂住鼻子和嘴巴?！笔腔馂陌l(fā)生時避免煙霧威脅的措施。4.C結合小標題“Flood”可知,本段主要講述洪水來臨時的辦法。C項“試著找一個更高的地方,但是待在屋頂上不是一個好的選擇?！狈洗颂幒樗畞砼R時的語境。5.B根據上文“Oncloudyandrainydays,alightningstrikemayhappen.”可知在陰天和雨天,可能會發(fā)生雷擊。B項“在這樣的天氣里,請不要站在樹下?！狈洗颂幷Z境,下雨天站在樹下十分危險。Ⅵ.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了公交車司機突發(fā)疾病致使全車人處于危險之中,Connor和Seamus兩兄弟沉著冷靜地幫助學生們脫離了危險,并及時救治了司機。1.D根據文章的講述可知,公交車司機突發(fā)疾病致使全車人處于危險之中,Connor和Seamus兩兄弟沉著冷靜地幫助學生們脫離了危險,可見這群學生是幸運的。2.B根據“sawtheirbusdriver”可知,此處指乘公交車。3.C根據空后“amedicalemergencyandhitthefloorheavily”可知,司機突發(fā)疾病,重摔在地。suffer遭受(壞事),患(疾病),符合語境。4.Aheadfor前往;keepoff擋住;separatefrom與……分開;getthrough完成,熬過。根據語境及下文“Iandpressedon