《新概念英語(yǔ)》第三冊(cè)課文詳解及課后答案

《新概念英語(yǔ)》第三冊(cè)課文詳解及課后答案Unit3Lesson21NewconceptEnglish3PAGE14《新概念英語(yǔ)》第三冊(cè)課文詳解及課后答案目錄§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲獅 1§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一 5§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess無(wú)名女神 8§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿爾弗雷德。布洛格斯的雙重生活 12§Lesson5Thefacts確切數(shù)字 16§Lesson6Smash-andgrab砸櫥窗搶劫 19§Lesson7Mutilatedladies殘鈔鑒別組 23§Lesson8Afamousmonastery著名的修道院 26§Lesson9Flyingcats飛貓 29§Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克“號(hào)的沉沒(méi) 32§Lesson11Notguilty無(wú)罪 37§Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland荒島生活 41§Lesson13‘It’sonlyme’“是我，別害怕” 44§Lesson14Anoblegangster貴族歹徒 48§Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻煩 52§Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb瑪麗有一頭小羔羊 56§Lesson17Thelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld世界上最長(zhǎng)的吊橋 59§Lesson18Electriccurrentsinmodernart現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)中的電流 63§Lesson19Averydearcat一只貴重的寶貝貓 67§Lesson20Pioneerpilots飛行員的先驅(qū) 70§Lesson21DanielMendoza丹尼爾·門多薩 73§Lesson22Byheart熟記臺(tái)詞 75§Lesson23Oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison各有所愛(ài) 79§Lesson24Askeletoninthecupboard“家丑” 83§Lesson25TheCuttySark“卡蒂薩克”號(hào)帆船 87§Lesson26Wanted:alargebiscuittin征購(gòu)大餅干筒 90§Lesson27Nothingtosellandnothingtobuy不賣也不買 94§Lesson28Fivepoundstoodear五鎊太貴 97§Lesson29Funnyornot?是否可笑？ 101§Lesson30Thedeathofaghost幽靈之死 104§Lesson31Alovableeccentric可愛(ài)的怪人 107§Lesson32Alostship一艘沉船 111§Lesson33Adaytoremember難忘的一天 114§Lesson34Ahappydiscovery幸運(yùn)的發(fā)現(xiàn) 118§Lesson35Justicewasdone伸張正義 123§Lesson36Achanceinamillion百萬(wàn)分之一的機(jī)遇 126§Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress開往威斯特海溫的快車 129§Lesson38Thefirstcalender最早的日歷 132§Lesson39Nothingtoworryabout不必?fù)?dān)心 136§Lesson40Who’swho真假難辨 140§Lesson41Illusionsofpastoralpeace寧?kù)o田園生活的遐想 142§Lesson43Fullyinsured全保險(xiǎn) 149§Lesson44Speedandcomfort又快捷又舒適 152§Lesson45Thepowerofthepress新聞報(bào)道的威力 160§Lesson46Doityourself自己動(dòng)手 164§Lesson47Toohighaprice?代價(jià)太高 169§Lesson48Thesilentvillage沉默的村莊 174§Lesson49Theidealservant理想的仆人 176§Lesson50NewYearresolutions新年的決心 178§Lesson52Mudismud實(shí)事求是 183§Lesson53Inthepublicinterest為了公眾的利益 188§Lesson54Instinctorcleverness?是本能還是機(jī)智 192§Lesson58Aspotofbother一點(diǎn)兒小麻煩 197§Lesson59Collecting收藏 199§Lesson60Tooearlyandtoolate太早和太晚 205PAGE2/209§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲獅【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)◆puma n.美洲獅◆spot v.看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)◆evidence n.證據(jù)◆accumulate v.積累，積聚◆oblige v.使…感到必須◆hunt n.追獵；尋找◆blackberry n.黑莓◆humanbeing 人類◆corner v.使走投無(wú)路，使陷入困境◆trail n.一串，一系列◆print n.印痕◆cling(clung,clung) v.粘◆convince v.使…信服◆somehow adv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因◆disturb v.令人不安學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時(shí)僅知道漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)義是不夠的，要把單詞放在語(yǔ)句中體會(huì)其應(yīng)用；學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)鍵句型結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)則要把它放在段落結(jié)構(gòu)或文章里★spotv.看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)pickout/see/recognize/catchsightofeg:Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏銳的識(shí)別錯(cuò)誤的能力。spot(做動(dòng)詞時(shí)候)=see:強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果、辨別出、看見、識(shí)別、發(fā)現(xiàn)。find強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。findout查出事實(shí)真相。discover做出重大發(fā)現(xiàn)notice注意到observe觀察watch觀察活動(dòng)中的人或畫面spotn.斑點(diǎn)eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.onthespot1,立刻，馬上（atonce,immediately）Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.2,attheplaceoftheaction在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.★evidence[u]n.證據(jù)Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.evidence=proofinevidence:顯而易見的.Hewasinevidenceattheparty.evidentlyadv.evidentadj.★accumulatevt,vi.積累，積聚accumulate強(qiáng)調(diào)積累的過(guò)程Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某處collect收集，采集assemble集合，集會(huì)，vt.裝配hoard大量地貯存Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter.hoardup=storeupamass積聚（主要用于詩(shī)歌和文學(xué)作品）★obligev.使…感到必須feelobligedtodosth.感覺(jué)有必要做某事beobligedtodosth被迫做某事★huntn.追獵；尋找runafter強(qiáng)調(diào)追趕、追求.seek追尋（夢(mèng)想，理想）=pursuechase追趕.huntforsearch搜尋某處為了尋找到某人或某物★cornerv.使走投無(wú)路，使陷入困境cornern.角落atthecornerofthestreetinthecorneroftheroomonthecornerofthedeskbecornered………被逼得走投無(wú)路常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Thethiefwascorneredatlast.Theproblemcorneredme.這個(gè)問(wèn)題把我難例了?！飔railn.一串，一系列trail==followvt.跟蹤eg:Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.★cling(clung,clung)v.粘eg:Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有，懷有)stick粘住stickto堅(jiān)持stickyadj.粘的★convincevt.使…信服convincesb.ofsth使sb相信sth和賓語(yǔ)從句that搭配使用沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)的情況下要采用主系表結(jié)構(gòu)：beconvincedsbbeconvicnedsb相信★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknownsomewhat==alittle★disturbv.令人不安 disturbingadj.令人不安的 disturbed 感到不安的 surprising 令人吃驚的 surprised 感到吃驚的 exciting 令人激動(dòng)的 excited 感到激動(dòng)的【課文講解】atlarge1：逃遁的，沒(méi)有被控制的。2：詳細(xì)的(indetail)3：總體來(lái)講（asawhole）在英文的表達(dá)方式中，首先呈現(xiàn)給讀者的是結(jié)果。寫議論文的時(shí)候要注意把握觀點(diǎn)eg:Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.life-like栩栩如生的一般來(lái)講定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句緊隨在被修飾名詞后面，但為了保持句子平衡，也可以把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放到從句之前定語(yǔ)從句只是對(duì)于被修飾詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明、修飾。同位語(yǔ)從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：指人：主語(yǔ)who;賓語(yǔ)who/whom;定語(yǔ)whose表達(dá)事物：that(也可指人)/which時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：when;地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：where;原因狀語(yǔ)：why同位語(yǔ)從句：名詞做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that而不是which時(shí)間when;地點(diǎn)whereeg:Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.定語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有what這個(gè)關(guān)系詞，但它可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……takesth.seriously==dealwithsth.seriously認(rèn)真（嚴(yán)肅）對(duì)待某事takesth.lightly:草率對(duì)待某事as隨著過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)聲稱曾經(jīng)作過(guò)某事：claimtohavedonesthIstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.confirm:besure,becertainsearch=hunt把某物留在后面：leavebehindWhereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.傷員所到之處，都留下道道血跡。英文的表達(dá)方式重點(diǎn)在于突出客觀事實(shí)，而中文則善于運(yùn)用動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者complainof/about:抱怨on+名詞：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行ontherise:在上升ontheincrease:在增加onthewatch:在觀看onthematch:在比賽中onthefishingtrip:在釣魚的途中onholiday:在度假fully:completely,entirelyinthepossessionofsb==insb'spossession歸某人所有inpossessionofsth.擁有某物takepossessionof擁有eg:Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession/inthepossessionofme.Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到………就心里不安eg:ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfeltmyexamination.熟讀并背誦第一自然段總結(jié)：atlargetakesth.seriouslyclingtoleavebehindcomplainofinthepossessionof/inpossessionoffeelobligedtoinvestigateawomanpickingblackberriesabusinessmanonafishingtripgoonseveralweeksinthequietcountryside【Exercises】A.Completethesesentencesbyaddingasuitablewordtotheendofeachone:1Whatareyoulooking?2Whereisyourmothergoing?3Whomhastheletterbeensent?4ThisisthehouseIwasborn?5Whatdoesyourdecisiondepend?key:1at/for2to3to4in5onB.Writethesesentencesagainchangingthepositionofthewordsinitalics.Wherepossible,omitthewordswhomorwhich.1Heisthemanaboutwhomwehaveheardsomuch.2Theshelfonwhichyouputthosebookshascollapsed.3Fromwhomdidyoureceivealetter?4Thisistheroadbywhichwecame.5Whereisthepencilwithwhichyouwereplaying?key:1Heisthemanwehaveheardsomuch.2Theshelfyouputthosebookshascollapsed.3whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?4Thisistheroadwecameby.5Whereisthepencilyouwereplaying?注意：3whom不能省略定語(yǔ)從句中which以及指代人的做賓語(yǔ)的whom,在非正式用法當(dāng)中可以省略。省略時(shí)，介詞不能前置到關(guān)系代詞whom,which前，只能用于非固定的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后面。以look為例lookat:注視lookfor:尋找介詞不能前置livein:居住介詞可以前置eg:Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived./Thisistheoldhousehelivedin【Multiplechoicequestions】多項(xiàng)選擇題P171.Expertseventuallydecidedtoinvestigate.a.becausetheydidnotbelievethatpumasexistedinEngland.b.becausetheywantedapumafortheLondonZoo.c.whenawomansawapumainasmallvillage.d.becausepeople’sdescriptionsofthepumahadalotincommon.要求陳述原因：1．Dincommon-similar2.Whatparticularpieceofevidencepersuadedtheexpertsthatapumahadbeenseeninthevillage?a.Thepumahadnotattackedthewoman.b.Thewomanhaddescribedtheanimalshehadseenas‘a(chǎn)largecat’.c.Apumahadcomeveryclosetoahumanbeing.d.Thepumahadbehavedlikeacat.A只是一個(gè)具體的特定的事例，閱讀理解題的時(shí)候要把握中心大意Blargecat關(guān)鍵性用詞2.BPumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.3.Whatwastheproblemtheexpertswereunabletosolve?a.Howthepumahadmanagedtocoversuchgreatdistanceswithinaday.b.Howthepumahadescapedfromazoo.c.Whomthepumahadbelongedto.d.Howthepumahadclimbedatree.A文章中未提到3．C做理解題時(shí)要緊扣主題，緊扣中心大意文章最后一句話總結(jié)了大意：Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.句型結(jié)構(gòu)題和詞匯題是關(guān)鍵4.Theaccumulatingevidencemadetheexpertstheanimalwasapuma.(lines4-6)a.tothinkb.thinkingc.thinkd.thoughtmakemakesb.do,bemadetodo主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不定式to的符號(hào)應(yīng)該省略被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不定式to的符號(hào)必須補(bǔ)充完整5Peoplesaidthepuma.(lines5-6)a.tohaveseenb.toseec.theysawd.theyhadseen把say改成claimPeopleclaimedtohaveseenthepuma.5.D清楚的道明了動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后關(guān)系6,itimmediatelyranaway.(lines8-9)a.Observingherb.Onbeingobservedc.Havingbeenobservedd.Onherbeingobserved與原句中的when意思要一致，when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句表示一結(jié)構(gòu)形式和assoonas相一致的如果用主動(dòng)：Onobservingher,itimmediatelyranaway.Onseeingme,hewavedtome.6．B7Pumasneverattackahumanbeingexceptcornered.(lines9)a.theyareb.beingc.thattheyared.whentheyare原句中unlesif…not/exceptontheconditionthatwhen=ifexcept可以和名詞/名詞性從句進(jìn)行搭配，也可以是when/if引導(dǎo)的從句形式。7．D8Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalapuma.(lines13-14)a.mustbeb.shouldhavebeenc.canonlybed.couldonlyhavebeenmustbe只是對(duì)客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)的推測(cè)，時(shí)態(tài)不一致8．D情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)推測(cè)的語(yǔ)意概念時(shí)，對(duì)于過(guò)去事實(shí)推測(cè)一定要用于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have以及過(guò)去分詞形式進(jìn)行搭配。9Thewomansaw‘a(chǎn)largecat’fiveyardsawayfromher.(lines7-8)a.atleastb.fourorc.nomorethand.withinnomorethan=onlywithin=notmorethan9.C10Apumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitfeelsitselftobe.(line9)a.inacornerb.inatrapc.atanangled.undercoverinacorner表示處于困境、尷尬的境地inatrap表示落于陷阱中atanangle表示彎曲的、不直的10．B11Abusinessmanonafishingtripisprobablysomeonewho.(line13)a.sellsfishb.fishesforpleasurec.netsfishd.earnshislivingasafishermanfishesforpleasure釣魚為了游玩12Aprivatecollectorisamanwhocollects.(lines15-16)a.forhisownbenefitb.onhisownc.inprivated.unknowntothepublic12．Aonhisown=alone§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)◆equal v.等于◆raise v.募集；籌（款）◆vicar n.牧師◆torchlight n.電筒光★equal v.等于AequalB與…相匹敵Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.eg:MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.beequalto+n:1.與…相匹敵2.有能力做某事to-介詞eg:Iamequaltorunningthecompany.★raisev.募集；籌（款）raisemoney籌款raiseprice提高raiseahorse飼養(yǎng)raiseafamily供養(yǎng)raisewheet種植小麥raiseanarmy招募raiseashout發(fā)出喊聲★vicar n.牧師★torchlight n.電筒光【課文講解】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和always等頻度副詞的搭配——表示說(shuō)話人帶有的情感色彩Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.Tomisalwaysdoeshishomework.Heisalwaysmakingnoises.oneoranother表示某種、這樣或那樣getenoughmoney籌集足夠的資金來(lái)做某事Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepaired.havethechurchclockrepairedhavesth.done找某人來(lái)做某事havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut某人所遭受到的意外某種情況主語(yǔ)必須是發(fā)出動(dòng)作的人Hiswalletwasstolen.Hehadhiswalletstolen.usedto:過(guò)去常常做，而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的事情了Heusedtosmokeeveryday.however用于口語(yǔ)，主要用于句首，作文中，最好用在句中、句尾，要用逗號(hào)分隔開來(lái)Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistake,however.or:Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistake.Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn’tliketotellyou.Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn’tliketotellyou.however可用neverthelessnonetheless替換start:驚跳、驚奇Eg:Thevoicemadehimstart.Whatastartyougiveme.你真嚇了我一跳Hestoodupwithastart.before…才Nearlyaweekpastbeforehecouldexplainwhathadhappentohim.Armedwithatorch…現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的用法looking分詞做狀語(yǔ)/定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一定要注意它和邏輯主語(yǔ)要呼應(yīng)一致Inthetorchlight非正式用語(yǔ)中whom可以省略掉recognizedsbas認(rèn)出某人是regardsbas,thinkofsbas,treatsbas(把某人對(duì)待為),haveonsbas（把某人尊敬為）whatever:ever用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣nightafternight一夜連著一夜dayafterday/yearafteryear/weekafterweek/busafterbusyoucertainlydidgiveme…did肯定句中常用do,did,does加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣和情感色彩，一定要位于動(dòng)詞原形之前。Eg:Youdolikebeautytoday.aswell用在句尾相當(dāng)于too,主要用在肯定句中，但比too所表達(dá)的語(yǔ)意更優(yōu)秀still用于句首，用逗號(hào)分隔開來(lái)，表達(dá)一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。雖然如此，但是getusedto,beusedtodo,beaccustomedto,getaccustomedto都表示習(xí)慣于get強(qiáng)調(diào)漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，be強(qiáng)調(diào)習(xí)慣了的狀態(tài)Eg:Weareusedtothecoldweatherhere.Youwillgetusedtothecoldweatherhere.你很快會(huì)適應(yīng)這寒冷的天氣的?！維pecialdifficulties】P20In1．prep表達(dá)驚奇，恐懼，失望或生氣等感情色彩的名詞搭配連用,在句中起狀語(yǔ)的作用insurprise;inastonishment;inalarm;inembarrassment;inamazement;indespair;indismay;inanger;indisappointment2．prep表達(dá)以、用:用于語(yǔ)言，書寫材料，色彩或聲音等方面inEnglish;inpencil;inink;inafewwords;insuchahighvoice;inoil;inred;incode3,用于狀態(tài)、情況或處境introuble;indifficulty;inbed;inahurry;indebt;inlovewithsb;intears;ingoodorder;ingoodrepair;ingoodhealth;inporhealth;inthebadmood;inthegoodmood;inhaste;inafavorofexcitement;inpoverty;inluxury【Exercise】Useaphrasewithininplaceofthewordsinitalics1Ilefthomeveryquicklysoasnottomissthetrain.2IsupposeIshallfinishthiseventually.3Intheearlymorningtherewasnotapersontobeseen.4ShallIwritewithapenorwithapencil?5Theyhaven’tmanyinterestswhichtheyshare.6Whyisthatlittlegirlcrying?key:1inahurry2intheend3insight4inink/inpencil5incommon6intears【Multiplechoicequestions】多項(xiàng)選擇題Comprehension理解1Thechurchclockdidnotworkbecause.aitwastooexpensivetorepairbitdisturbedthevicar’ssleepcBillWilkinsonlyworkedatnightdthebellhadbeenoutoforderformanyyears1.D∽wasdamaged2ThevicarwassurprisedtoseeBillWilkinsintheclocktowerbecause.a.BillWilkinshadbeenhopingtosurprisehimb.itwasanunusualtimeandplacetofindhimc.hehadexpectedtofindafigured.theclockhadstruckthirteentimes2.B3ThevicarofferedBillWilkinsacupofteabecause.a.hethoughtthatBillWilkinswasthirstyb.thankstohim,theclockwouldnowstrikeonceanhourc.hewasgratefulforthetroubleBillwilkinshadtakend.hewaspleasedtohavebeenwokenupfornothing為…表示感謝：begratefulfor/bethankfulfor不辭辛勞地做某事：takethetroubletodosth.3.CStructure4Inthepastthebigclockthehours.(ll3-4)a.struckalwaysb.alwaysstruckc.wasalwaysstrikingd.hasalwaysbeenstrikingInthepast是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志；always用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前4.B5Itwasnotuntilthethirteenthstrokethebellstopped.(l.7)a.beforeb.whenc.sothatd.thatItwasnotuntil…that…一直到才Eg:Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped.5.D6ThevicaraskedBilldoinginthechurchtower.(l.10)a.whatwasheb.whathewasc.whatheisd.whateverwashe賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序6．B7‘Iitallright,butI’mafraid…’(ll15-16)a.shallmendb.ammendingc.havemendedd.mended突出結(jié)果或者對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)7．C8‘We’llgetusedtothat,Bill.’(l.17)a.hearingb.hearc.thesoundd.havingheardto介詞，表示習(xí)慣于8．AVocabulary9Moneywhichiscollectedforacauseisknownas.(ll.1-2)a.cashb.afundc.ascholarshipd.aninvestmentfund基金cash現(xiàn)金scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金investment投資9．B10Agrocerisamanwho.a.runsashopb.eatsalotc.sellsbreadd.surprisespeoplerunsashop經(jīng)營(yíng)商店10．A11‘I’vebeencominghereforweeksnow.’(l.11)a.everynightb.allnightc.thefollowingnightd.severalnightsnightafternight=everynight11.A12‘.I’mgladthebellisworkingagain.’(l.14)a.Yetb.Goodc.Justthesamed.Evennowstill盡管如此，依舊，仍然=Justthesame12．CIt’sraining,stillImustgoout.still連接性副詞，相當(dāng)于inspiteofthat,eventhough,justthesameyet但是，然而Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.Thispictureisnottoovaluable,stillIlikeit.§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess無(wú)名女神【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)◆goddess n.女神◆archaeologist n.考古學(xué)家◆Aegean adj.愛(ài)琴海的◆explore v.考察，勘探◆promontory n.海角◆prosperous adj.（經(jīng)濟(jì)上）繁榮的，昌盛的◆civilization n.文明◆storey n.樓層◆drainage n.排水◆worship n.崇拜◆sacred adj.宗教的，神圣的◆fragment n.碎片◆remains n.遺物，遺跡，廢墟◆classical adj.（希臘羅馬）古文化的◆reconstruct v.修復(fù)◆rest v.倚放，放置◆hip n.屁股，臀部◆full-length adj.（裙衣）拖地長(zhǎng)的◆graceful adj.優(yōu)雅的◆identity n.身份★goddessn.女神★archaeologistn.考古學(xué)家★Aegeanadj.愛(ài)琴海的★explorev.考察，勘探Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.explorationn.explorern.探險(xiǎn)家★promontoryn.海角★prosperousadj.（經(jīng)濟(jì)上）繁榮的，昌盛的Ourfinanceisprosperous.thriving昌盛的，興旺的booming蓬勃的，景氣的flourishing繁茂的，健康的★civilizationn.文明highlevelofcivilization高度文明civilizev.★storeyn.樓層★drainagen.排水★worshipn.崇拜respect;admireWhodoyouworshipinthworld?warshipn.軍艦戰(zhàn)船★sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的holyadj.神圣的，圣潔的solemnadj.莊嚴(yán)的，莊重的sacredmusic圣樂(lè)sacredpromise神圣的諾言★fragmentn.碎片★remainsn.遺物，遺跡，廢墟★classicaladj.（希臘羅馬）古文化的classicalmusic古典音樂(lè)classicaleducation人文科學(xué)教育classicadj.第一流的Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.classicn.杰作，經(jīng)典之作★reconstructv.修復(fù)re-重新，再次construct構(gòu)造，建造，組織buildhouse造建筑物putupatentconstructasentenceconstructabrokenstatuaryerect:buildhighbuildingserectmonument建造紀(jì)念碑erectclocktower建造鐘樓setup;establish;found建立Eg:setupstudents’unionestablishaschool/rulefoundacountryconstructionn.constructiveadj.有教育意義的constructorn.建設(shè)者★restv.倚放，放置★hipn.屁股，臀部[口]在服用興奮劑，宗教信仰方面趕時(shí)髦的人；消息靈通人士；adj.通曉的，見聞廣的Eg:Haryisarealhip.瑪麗真是趕時(shí)髦Theguyisn’tahip.這家伙什么都不懂joinedatthehip表示交情極厚的Eg:Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.shootfromthehip信口開河Eg:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn’thaveshotfromthehip.★full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地長(zhǎng)的afull-lengthdress★gracefuladj.優(yōu)雅的agracefulladyelegant(behavier)★identityn.身份【課文講解】aninterestingdiscovery：強(qiáng)調(diào)discovery，體現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)動(dòng)作被考古學(xué)家做出主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)難以突出重點(diǎn)archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery英文表達(dá)：結(jié)果、影響、效果為主語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)客觀事實(shí)的陳述AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich…which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾限定templewhichstandsinanancientcityon…which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.)locate(vt.)AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin…AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliein…stand表示高高坐落于，矗立于Eg:Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，forit…for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)主句的附加說(shuō)明because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，重點(diǎn)突出原因Eg:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.atonetime:表達(dá)曾經(jīng)，一度；過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志，oncemusthavebeen對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)肯定的推測(cè)enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度文明with…Eg:ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhairbeautifullydecorated過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)abeautifullydressedlady衣著漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark廢棄的停車場(chǎng)awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的門現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，被修飾詞與修飾詞之間為；邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroomThecitywasevenequippedwith…for…werefound…beequippedwith配備，裝備Eg:thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreetsprep.beneath=under正下方Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.under:在進(jìn)行中，undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion討論之中；underrepairs修理之中below:在下方，強(qiáng)調(diào)斜下方Eg:Sheissittingbelowthewindow.Thetemplewhich…beusedas/beusedtobe把…用作為Eg:Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks.Inthemostsacredroomof…Eachoftheserepresented…beenpainted.representvt.代表Irepresentalltheclassmates.Thebodyofonestatuewasfound…dating現(xiàn)在分詞，修飾remainsthecustomsdatingfrom1990datefrom追溯到，從…開始Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.Thecastledatesbacktothecentury.Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof…h(huán)appento強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的偶然發(fā)生Eg:Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧開過(guò)那種汽車。Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那張票。句式：Ithappensthat……Eg:IthappnesthatImetheronmywaytoworkIhappenedtomeetheronmywaytoworkhappenon巧遇，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn),偶遇Eg:Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,restore四個(gè)形容詞:amazed:verymuchsurprisedsurprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到驚訝的，語(yǔ)氣遞增astonished:muchsurprisedamazed:verymuchsurprised驚奇astounded非常驚訝，尺愕，驚奇tofind…/todiscover…/torealize…I’mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhere.turnout表明結(jié)果turnout(tobe)+n./adj.Eg:Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccesstheconcertturnedouttobefailure.Itturnedoutthat…………原來(lái)是(表示結(jié)果)that從句，或其他名詞從句，it作形式主語(yǔ)Eg:Itturnedoutthatthediamondhadbeeninthebankallthetime.Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.asitturnsout人們后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)Eg:Asitturnsout,therewasnotneedtoworry.Asitturnsout,thereportwasmistaken.人們后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn),這篇報(bào)告被弄錯(cuò)了。Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonthhips.reston=dependon,leanonHishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder.whichswepttheground進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明拖地的，曳地的despite/inspiteof+n./動(dòng)名詞Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.sofar,uptonow都是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志discoverheridentity:findoutheidentity【Specialdifficulties】happen(to),ithappenedthat…【Multiplechoicequestions】Comprehension1Theinterestingdiscoverymadebythearchaeologistswas.a.thatthecityhadoncebeenprosperousb.thatthetemplehadbeenusedasaplaceofworshipc.theyfoundthefifteenstatueshadbeenpaintedd.thattheywerenotthefirsttohavefoundtheheadofthegoddessIt’smissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.’1.D2Thecity‘enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization’.Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat.a.someofthehouseswerebuiltonlyonestoreyhighb.agreatnumberoffragmentswerefoundinthetemplec.thecityhadbeenbuiltonclayd.advancedtechniqueshadbeenemployedinbuildinganddecoratingThisisconfirmedbythefactthat引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明fact的內(nèi)容。beemployedin:被應(yīng)用在…方面‘…Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous，foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization．Houses--oftenthreestoreyshigh-werebuiltofstone．Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls．Thecitywasevenequippedwithadrainagesystem…’3Inseekingtoestablishtheidentityofthereconstructedstatue,thearchaeologists.a.triedtodeterminewhichgoddessitrepresentedb.piecedtogetherthefragmentstheyfoundc.discoveredthatitwasmoremodernthananyoftheotherstatuesd.wonderedwhetheritbelongedtothefifthorthefifteenthcenturyindoingsth:在…方面structure4Thecityhadonceknown.(ll.4-5)a,aprosperityb,theprosperousc.theprosperityd.prosperity重點(diǎn)詞匯know:知道，認(rèn)識(shí)；經(jīng)歷過(guò)，曾經(jīng)有過(guò)（=experience）,這是一個(gè)文學(xué)用語(yǔ)，比experience更加正式5ThetempleusedasaplaceofworshipsinceRomantimes.(ll.9-10)a.wasb.hasnotbeenc.hadbeend.wasnotsince:自從主句的主干時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)6Theyfoundthatthegoddessturnedouttobe…(ll.14-15)a.surprisinglyb.withsurprisec.totheirsurprised.asurprisetotheirsurprise:使某人感到驚訝的是（在句中可做獨(dú)立的狀語(yǔ)，句子的主語(yǔ)不必是某個(gè)人）withsurprise:驚訝地（首先，必須與行為動(dòng)詞連用，其次，句子的主語(yǔ)必須是某個(gè)人）Eg:Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft.Withsatisfaction/delight/dismayHesmokedhiscigarettewithsatisfaction.Hewenthomewithdismay.Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.7beingveryold,shewasverygraceful.(ll.16-17)a.Althoughb.Inspiteofc.Evend.Eventhoughdespite=inspiteof(可以和名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞搭配)8Sofar,thearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.(l.17)a.havebeenimpossibleb.havenotbeenablec.cannothavebeend.couldnotsofar現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志如果用posible/imposible,要采用形式主語(yǔ)it…ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.Vocabulary9Inthemostroomofthetemple…(l.10)a.holyb.religiousc.frighteningd.colourful原文中用到了sacred(宗教的，神圣的)religious宗教的frightening令人害怕的colourful豐富多彩的10Theheadwascarefullypreserved.Itwas.(l.13)a.welldoneb.conservedc.maintainedc.ingoodconditionstatewelldone側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)做得好conserve=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed“不用盡或耗盡某物，保留“conserveyourenergyyouneededwenustconserveoutforestmaintain:通過(guò)修繕保養(yǎng)，不使…破損（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程）“維修，保養(yǎng)”11Thegoddesstobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.(l.15)a.appearedb.provedc.resolvedd.changedturnout=prove12But,thearchaeologistshavebeenunable…(l.17)a.beforehandb.untilnowc.foralongtimed.atthisdistancesofar=>untilnow,uptillnowbeforehand:(adv.)事先=inadvanceatthisdistance(of/intime)時(shí)隔已久Eg:Icanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftime.§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿爾弗雷德。布洛格斯的雙重生活【Newwordsandexpressions】生詞和短語(yǔ)◆manual adj.體力的◆collar n.衣領(lǐng)◆sacrifice v.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出◆privilege n.好處◆dustman n.清潔工◆corporation n.公司◆overalls n.工作服◆shower n.淋浴◆secret n.秘密◆status n.地位★manualadj.體力的=physicalmanualwork:體力工作mentalwork:腦力工作★collarn.衣領(lǐng)white-collar:白領(lǐng)(domentalwork)blue-collar:藍(lán)領(lǐng)（domanualwork）(get)hotunderthecollar:怒氣沖天★sacrificev.犧牲，獻(xiàn)出vt.togiveupforgoodpurposeEg:sacrificeone’slifeforthecountrysacrificetimen.makemanysacrifices★privilegen.好處=advantage特權(quán)（=specialright）犧牲掉自己的好處：sacrificeone’sadvantage/rivilege特許某人做某事：givesb.therivilegeofdoingsth.privilegedadj.榮幸的★overallsn.工作服男工作服；overall女工作服★secretn.秘密adj.keepsecret:保密It’sbetweenyouandme.I’llkeepittomyself.confidential:機(jī)密的insecret:私下里=secretly,inprivate,privatelyIwastoldaboutitinsecret.inthesecret:知道內(nèi)情Hewasinthesecretfromthebeginning.★statusn.地位=socialpositions-t-a-t-u-ss-t-a-t-u-e:雕像，塑像★corporationn.公司★showern.淋浴★dustmann.清潔工【課文講解】peoplewhodomanualwork=>blue-collarworkerspeoplewhoworkinoffices/domentalwork=>white-collarworkersfarmoremoneyfar--副詞，用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)氣==muchreferto…as==regard…as把…看作為Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm(書呆子).forthesimplereason=>for引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句forthereasonthat比because正式，因此多用于正式文體humannature人性化such…that…that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明such的基本內(nèi)涵Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillneverforgethim.=>Suchwashiskindness…Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogetalotofthingsfree.Such用在句首，要倒裝Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.介詞for表示一種目的bewillingtodosth.==bereadytodosth.心甘情愿