老高考適用2023高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第一編教材回眸Unit2Heroes北師大版

Unit2Heroes晨起第一事背誦經(jīng)典句1．Thosewhoforgettheirheritage,betraytheirmotherlandandseektosplitthecountrywillcometonogood.凡是數(shù)典忘祖、背叛祖國、意圖分裂國家的人，從來沒有好下場。2．ZhangGuimei,theprincipalofHuapingHighSchoolforGirls,basedinLijiangCity,SouthwestChina'sYunnanProvince,hasbeenawardedwiththeJuly1Medal.中國西南部的云南省麗江市華坪女子高級中學(xué)校長張桂梅，被授予“七一勛章”。3．Sometimesyouhavetobeyourownhero.有時候，你必須做自己的英雄。4．StarringGongLiaslegendaryvolleyballcoachLangPing,thefilmisacinematicdepictionofthemultigenerationalstruggleoftheChinesewomen'svolleyballteamtosecuregloryforthenation.這部電影由鞏俐飾演傳奇女排教練郎平，講述了中國女排幾代人為祖國榮譽奮力拼搏的故事。Ⅰeq\a\vs4\al(核心單詞)(1)character(n.)人物；性格→characteristic(adj.)典型的(n.)特征，特性(2)flight(n.)飛行；航班(3)explore(vt.)探測；勘探→explorer(n.)探險家；勘探者(4)atmosphere(n.)大氣；氣氛(5)million(num.)百萬→millionaire(n.)百萬富翁→millionth(n.)第一百萬；百萬分之一(6)found(vt.)建立，創(chuàng)立→foundation(n.)建立；基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)地→founded(adj.)有基礎(chǔ)的→founder(n.)奠基人，建立者(7)opinion(n.)意見，看法，主張→view(n.)(同義詞)觀點→thought(n.)(同義詞)想法→idea(n.)(同義詞)主意(8)equal(adj.)平等的→equally(adv.)平等地→equality(n.)平等→equalize(vt.)使相等(9)struggle(vi.)掙扎；搏斗(n.)斗爭，拼搏(10)brilliant(adj.)卓越的→brilliantly(adv.)輝煌地；燦爛地(11)awful(adj.)〈口〉糟糕的；極度的→awfully(adv.)極端地；可怕地→awfulness(n.)莊嚴；威嚴；不高興(12)useless(adj.)差勁的；無用的→uselessly(adv.)無用地；無效地→uselessness(n.)無用→use(vt.&n．)使用；用處→useful(adj.)有用的→usefully(adv.)有用地；有效地(13)violence(n.)暴力，暴行→violent(adj.)暴力的；殘忍的→violently(adv.)殘忍地；殘暴地；暴力地(14)compete(vi.)比賽，競爭→competition(n.)競爭，比賽，競賽→competitive(adj.)競爭的→competitively(adv.)有競爭力地；競爭地(15)amazing(adj.)令人驚異的；令人吃驚的→amazed(adj.)驚異的，吃驚的→amazement(n.)驚奇，吃驚→amaze(vt.)使吃驚，使驚異(16)fortunately(adv.)幸運地→fortunate(adj.)幸運的→fortune(n.)運氣，財富；幸運(17)disaster(n.)災(zāi)難(18)promote(vt.)促進，提升；推銷→promotion(n.)提升，晉級→promotional(adj.)推銷的(19)relationship/relation(n.)關(guān)系→relate(vt.)與……有關(guān)系→related(adj.)有關(guān)系的(20)react(vi.)反應(yīng)→reaction(n.)反應(yīng)(21)quality(n.)質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)(22)disabled(adj.)殘疾的→disable(vt.)使失去能力；使無資格→disability(n.)無能，殘疾(23)confident(adj.)自信的→confidence(n.)自信Ⅱeq\a\vs4\al(閱讀單詞)(1)calm(adj.)鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的→calmly(adv.)鎮(zhèn)靜地，沉著地→calmness(n.)平靜，冷靜(2)generous(adj.)慷慨的，大方的→generously(adv.)慷慨地→generosity(n.)慷慨，大方(3)violent(adj.)暴力的→violence(n.)暴力，暴行→violently(adv.)猛烈地，激烈地(4)gravity(n.)地心引力(5)wave(vi.)揮手示意，致意→waveless(adj.)無波浪的，平靜的(6)personally(adv.)就個人而言→personal(adj.)私人的，個人的→personality(n.)個性；人格(7)protest(n.&vt.)抗議；反對→protestor(n.)抗議者(8)skillful(adj.)靈巧的，熟練的→skill(n.)技能；熟練；技巧→skilled(adj.)熟練的；有技能的(9)unusual(adj.)不平常的→usual(adj.)平常的，慣例的→usually(adv.)通常(10)event(n.)比賽項目；事件→eventual(adj.)最后的→eventually(adv.)最后(11)afterwards(adv.)然后，后來(12)injury(n.)傷害，損壞→injure(vt.)傷害；毀壞→injured(adj.)受損害的；受傷的(13)commit(vt.)犯(錯誤)，干(壞事)(14)divorce(vi.)離婚(15)dive(vi.&n．)潛水；跳水[單句語法填空]1.Thetwinshavequitedifferent(character)．答案：characters2．Abigprogramofoil(explore)hasbegunoffshore.答案：exploration3．Iturgedallsidesto(peace)resolveexistingproblemsthroughdialogue.答案：peacefully4．ThePeople'sRepublicofChina(found)onOctober1st,1949.答案：wasfounded5．Peoplestillhavedifferent(opinion)onthisquestion.答案：opinions6．Inthelatterstage,olderpeopleareupsetbyfeelingsof(useless)．答案：uselessness7．Ihavebeen(fortunately)enoughtovisitmanypartsoftheworld.答案：fortunate8．Hewas(disable)inacaraccident.答案：disabled9．Wehavecomplete(confident)intheseastronauts.答案：confidence10．Theprogrammeisnotreallysuitablefor(absolutely)beginners.答案：absoluten．＋-ship構(gòu)成的合成詞①friend朋友→friendshipn.友誼②scholar學(xué)者→scholarshipn.獎學(xué)金③dictator獨裁者→dictatorshipn.獨裁，專政④partner合伙人→partnershipn.合伙關(guān)系⑤relation關(guān)系→relationshipn.關(guān)系⑥citizen公民→citizenshipn.公民身份⑦member成員→membershipn.成員資格⑧space太空→spaceshipn.太空船⑨owner物主→ownershipn.所有制⑩champion冠軍→championshipn.冠軍稱號?leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者→leadershipn.領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力?workman工匠→workmanshipn.手藝，工藝1．cometo(dosth)開始(認識、理解)2．separatefrom與……分開3．millionsof數(shù)百萬4．inone'sopinion依某人來看5．a(chǎn)greewith同意……6．makeprogress取得進步7．bestrictwithsb對某人嚴格要求8．cometoanend結(jié)束9．pullthrough使從(受傷)中活下來；渡過難關(guān)10．giveup放棄11．getonwellwith與……相處融洽12．getinvolvedwith參加，參與13．fartoo太，極為14．comeoffit別胡扯[選詞填空]cometorealize，separatefrom，millionsof，inone'sopinion，makeprogress，bestrictwith，cometoanend，pullthrough，getinvolvedwith，comeoffit1．，itisreasonablefortheteachernottoexplaintheproblemtothem.答案：Inmyopinion2．Thatcountryhassignificantineconomy.答案：made;progress3．Itheimportanceofstudywiththehelpofmyteacher.答案：cometorealize4．Thepainwasterrible,buthewhenmostothermenwouldhavedied.答案：pulledthrough5．.Yourteamisunlikelytowinthisgame.答案：Comeoffit6．peopledonatedinresponsetothefamineappeal.答案：Millionsof7．ThateveningImyfriendsforsomereason.答案：wasseparatedfrom8．Wemustn'ttooourstudents,norcanweletthemdowhatevertheylike.答案：be;strictwith9．Idon'twanttosomelengthyargumentaboutwhoistoblame.答案：getinvolvedwith10．Becauseofherpride,herupwardtrendsoon.答案：cametoanend動詞＋through短語知多少①breakthrough突圍，突破②comethrough到達；穿過；(健康)恢復(fù)③cutthrough穿過④getthrough完成；渡過；接通電話⑤gothrough遭受，經(jīng)歷；檢查，被通過⑥livethrough渡過；經(jīng)受住⑦lookthrough瀏覽；逐一查看⑧seethrough看穿，識破⑨passthrough通過，經(jīng)過，穿過課文原句句式梳理仿寫訓(xùn)練1.Thespaceship,calledShenzhouⅤ，wascarryingChina'sfirstastronaut,YangLiwei.這艘命名為“神舟5號”的宇宙飛船載著中國第一位宇航員楊利偉。(P22)過去分詞(短語)作定語，和被修飾的詞之間往往是被動關(guān)系，并且表示動作已經(jīng)完成。單個的過去分詞作定語常放在被修飾的詞前面；過去分詞短語作定語則放在被修飾詞的后面Themanisourchairman.安保人員跟著的那個人是我們的主席。2.GivemeachallengeandI'llmeetitwithjoy.給我一個挑戰(zhàn)我將高興地面對它。(P32)“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句”中的祈使句相當于一個由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，and/or/otherwise之后的句子相當于主句①Putagroupofstrangersinaroomtogether,they'llprobablystartaconversation.把一群陌生人放在一個房間里，他們或許會交談。②Quitsmoking,youmayruinyourhealth.把煙戒掉，否則可能會毀了你的健康。答案：1.followedbysecurityguards2.①and②or/otherwise①charactern.人物；性格[U]特色，特征[C]人物，角色；文字，字母(P21)(1)單句語法填空①Thisbookisfullofbelievableandinteresting(character)suchasLinDaojingandLuJiachuan.②Personal(character),suchasageandsexaretakenintoaccount.答案：①characters②characteristics(2)單句改錯Ambitionisacharacterofallsuccessfulbusinessmen.答案：character→characteristic(1)astrongcharacter堅強的個性buildandformone'scharacter發(fā)展并形成個性mendone'scharacter彌補某人性格上的缺陷determinedcharacter果斷的性格negative/positivecharacter 反面/正面人物Chinesecharacter 漢字(2)characteristicadj.典型的；特有的n.特點；特性；特色②explorevt.探測；勘探；探索(P23)(1)單句語法填空①Ourschoolboardareexpected(explore)ideasforbuildinganotheronenewteachingbuildingbesidethelabbuilding.②Thisissomeinformationonthechildreneducation(explore)fromthepast,present,andfuture.答案：①toexplore②exploration(2)單句寫作Thebookpeople'scontrastingofthepoet'searlyworks.此書探討了人們對這位詩人早期作品截然不同的觀點。答案：explores;views(1)explorethemarketpossibility考察市場前景exploretheuniverse探索宇宙exploreouterspace 探索外太空(2)explorationn.探測；勘探oilandgasexploration石油和天然氣勘探siteexploration現(xiàn)場勘探undergroundexploration 地下勘探③strugglevi.斗爭；拼搏n.斗爭；奮斗，拼搏(P24)(1)單句語法填空①Weallstruggled(finish)thatheavytaskwithgreateffortsinordertoreturnhomeearlier.②Theworkershavebeenstrugglingbadconditionsfortoolong.答案：①tofinish②against(2)單句改錯Theanimaltrappedinthecavemadestruggletogetfree.答案：struggle前加a(1)struggleagainst反對，同……作斗爭strugglewithsb與某人一起奮斗strugglefor為爭取……而斗爭struggletodosth努力去做某事struggletoone'sfeet掙扎站起來strugglealong在困難中堅持；掙扎著前進(2)It'sastruggletodosth做某事并非易事④competevi.比賽，競爭(P26)(1)單句語法填空①Thereisfierce(compete)betweenthetwomotorcarfirms.②Thetwogirls(compete)witheachotherforthechampionshipinthegame.答案：①competition②competed(2)單句寫作encouragechildrentoworktogetherasateam.競爭性的運動鼓勵孩子們團結(jié)協(xié)作。答案：Competitivesports(1)competeinthemarketplace在市場中競爭completeforsth為某事而競爭competeagainst與……抗爭competewithsb/sth與某人/某事競爭competetodosth競相做某事(2)competitionn.競爭，比賽facethecompetition 面臨競爭unfaircompetition 不公正的競爭(3)competitiveadj.競爭的；有競爭力的eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)competition,contest和match均有“比賽，競爭”之意。(1)competition多指體育運動中的各項比賽、角逐，也指知識、技巧等方面的競賽。(2)contest多指在音樂、書法、演講等方面所進行的比賽或競爭。其結(jié)果由評判委員會裁決。(3)match通常指體育運動項目的比賽。⑤amazingadj.令人驚異的(P26)(1)單句語法填空①Takingpicturesofpolarbearis(amaze)butalsodangerous.②Sheis(amaze)thatpeoplestillrisktravellingwithoutinsurance.答案：①amazing②amazed(2)單句寫作Allthosearoundhimlookedathim.周圍的人都對他投射出驚異的眼光。答案：inamazement(1)amazevt.使吃驚；使驚愕(2)amazedadj.感到吃驚的beamazedat/by對……感到驚奇(3)amazementn.吃驚，驚愕toone'samazement使某人吃驚的是inamazement驚訝地，吃驚地⑥promotevt.促進，提升；促銷(P28)(1)單句語法填空①Peopledon'thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotection(promote)economicgrowth.②Her(promote)toSalesManagertookeveryonebysurprise.答案：①topromote②promotion(2)單句寫作Heforlackofresolution.他因缺乏果斷力而未能得到升遷。答案：failedtogetpromoted(1)promotehealth促進健康promotethedevelopmentof促進……的發(fā)展promotesbto...提升某人為……(2)promotionn.促進；促銷promotionpolicy促銷政策⑦qualityn.質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)(P28)(1)單句語法填空①Wearepleasedtoreportthattheclubmembershipisgrowingquality,ifnotinquantity!②Heistheonewhohasallthe(quality)Iamlookingforinapartner.答案：①in②qualities(2)單句寫作Thesteadyriseourproductsowesmuchtotheimprovementoftheequipment.我們產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的穩(wěn)步提高在很大程度上歸功于設(shè)備的改進。答案：inthequalityofinquality質(zhì)量上good/highquality好/高質(zhì)量poorquality質(zhì)量差remarkablequality卓越品質(zhì)testsb'squalities考驗?zāi)橙说钠焚|(zhì)improve/increasequality提高質(zhì)量⑧injuryn.傷害，損害(P28)(1)單句語法填空①Thisroughlifethreatened(injure)hishealth,buthedidn'tmind.②Thedriverofthecarreceivedseriousinjuriesthelegsandarms.答案：①toinjure②to(2)單句寫作Twoplayersareoutoftheteam.兩名隊員因傷退出了比賽。答案：becauseofinjury(1)asevere/seriousinjury嚴重的損害dosb/oneselfaninjury使某人/自己受傷害receive/sufferaninjury受傷害protect...frominjury防止……受傷injuryto……(部位)的傷害(2)injurevt.傷害，損害injuresb'sreputation傷害某人的聲譽⑨confidentadj.自信的(P28)單句語法填空①Yourencouragementmademe(confident)ofmyfuturethanbefore.②Theworstbarriertoyoursuccessisnotlackofmoney,butlackof(confident)．③Theteamfeelsconfidentwinning.答案：①moreconfident②confidence③of(1)be/feelconfidentofsth/doingsth對某事/做某事有信心makesbmoreconfidentofsth使某人對某事更有信心beconfidentthat...確信……(2)confidencen.信心self-confidencen.自信over-confidencen.過于自信haveconfidenceinsb對某人信任lackofconfidence缺乏信心(3)confidentlyadv.確信地；自信地⑩admirevt.欽佩，羨慕(P30)(1)單句語法填空①Weall(admire)himforthewayhesavedthechildrenfromthefire.②Hiswholefamilywasfullof(admire)fortherescuers.答案：①admired②admiration(2)單句寫作Idon'tagreewithher,butI.我不同意她的意見，但我贊賞她恪守原則。答案：admireherforstickingtotheprinciples(1)admiresb/sth欽佩某人/某事admiresbforsth因……而欽佩某人admiresbfordoingsth因做某事而欽佩某人(2)admirationn.欽佩；贊賞inadmiration贊賞地havegreatadmirationfor欽佩……①liftoff發(fā)射升空，起飛(P22)(1)單句語法填空①Theplane(lift)offandclimbedsteadilyintothesky.②IwatchedDiscoveryliftfromKennedySpaceCentersuccessfully.答案：①lifted②off(2)單句改錯Theyarewatchingthespaceshipliftupquietly.答案：up→offliftup抬起，舉起lift-offn.升空，發(fā)射，起飛②letout釋放，放出(P23)(1)單句語法填空①Thisplantletssunlightinbutdoesn'tletheat.②Seeingasnakeinfrontofher,thegirlletascreamofterror.答案：①out②out(2)單句寫作It'stimeyouyourtruefeelings.現(xiàn)在是你釋放自己真實感情的時候了。答案：let;outletsbdown使某人失望letgoofsth/sb放開某物/某人letmesee讓我想想letalone更不用說eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)letalone常作插入語，不影響句子成分。③makeprogress取得進步(P28)(1)單句語法填空①Providedyouaremodest,surelyyou(make)progress.②Theprogressyou(make)istheresultofyourgreatefforts.答案：①willmake②havemade(2)單句改錯Afterworkinghardforayear,shemadeagreatprogressinEnglish.答案：去掉made后的ainprogress在進行中speedupprogress 加速進步amazingprogress 驚人的進步steadyprogress穩(wěn)定的進步/進展withtheprogressof 隨著……的進步/發(fā)展eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)名詞progress是不可數(shù)名詞，不與不定冠詞a(n)連用，也沒有復(fù)數(shù)。④pullthrough使從(受傷)中活下來，渡過難關(guān)(P28)(1)單句語法填空①Hisinjuriesareseverebutheisexpected(pull)through.②Withouthisselflessassistance,shewouldn'thavepulledthisdifficulty.答案：①topull②through(2)單句寫作Withjointeffortsthey.他們齊心協(xié)力克服了這些困難。答案：pulledthroughthedifficultiespullover向路邊停靠pulldown拉下；拆毀；摧毀；推翻pullout拔掉；離開；(火車)離站pullin(to)到站；(火車)進站pullup停車；停止⑤giveup放棄(P28)(1)單句語法填空①Shegaveup(work)tojoininherhusband'scampaign.②Theyeithertrytheirbest(give)upsmokingoradviseothersnottosmokeanylonger.答案：①working②togive(2)單句寫作Oncetheygetanideaintotheirheads,.一旦接受了一個想法，他們就永遠不會放棄。答案：theywillnevergiveupgiveaway泄露；分發(fā)givein上交；投降giveout分發(fā)；用完，耗盡；放出giveoff放出，發(fā)出giveover交付eq\a\vs4\al(特別提醒)動詞短語giveup后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，不跟不定式。⑥getonwellwith與……相處融洽(P28)(1)單句語法填空①Thoughheisanewcomer,he(get)onwellwithhisclassmatesalready.②MycollegeroommateandIlivedtogetherforoneyear,butwenevergotverywell.答案：①hasgot②on(2)單句改錯—Howareyougettingon/alongforyourtask?—Justso-so.答案：for→withgetalongwith進展；與……和睦相處getacross被理解getaround/round各處走動；傳播；繞開getawayfrom遠離，脫離getdowntosth/doingsth開始某事/開始做某事geton上車⑦getinvolvedwith參與，參加(P28)(1)單句語法填空①Hesaidhedidnotgetinvolvedthematter.②(get)involvedwiththatactivity,Irealisedhowimportantthepracticalskillwas.答案：①with②Getting(2)單句寫作Landellstheprojectforyears.蘭德爾斯參加那個計劃已有好幾年了。答案：hasbeeninvolvedwithinvolvesbin/into...將某人卷入……中involvedoingsth包括做某事①[教材原句]...,YangLiweishowedtheflagsofChinaandtheUnitedNations,expressingthewishesoftheChinesepeopletoexploreandusespacepeacefully.……，楊利偉展示了中國國旗和聯(lián)合國國旗，以表達中國人民和平開發(fā)、利用太空資源的愿望。(P23)(1)單句語法填空①Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,(look)aroundcuriously.②Allnightlonghelayawake,(think)oftheproblem.答案：①looking②thinking(2)單句改錯Theystoodthereforhalfanhour,watchedthestarsinthesky.答案：watched→watching現(xiàn)在分詞短語可在句中作伴隨狀語。②[教材原句]...andsincethentheyhaveneverlookedback.……從那時起，他們就再也沒有回去過。(P26)(1)單句語法填空①Shehadasortofbreakdownsomeyearsago,andsincethenshe(be)veryshy.②SincethenI(live)aloneanddevotedmyselftomycareer.答案：①hasbeen②havelived(2)單句改錯GreatchangestookplaceinChinasince1980.答案：took→havetakeneq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(since＋時間點,eversince,since＋從句))eq\a\vs4\al(用于現(xiàn)在完成時的句子，如果連接,句子，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時)③[教材原句]AmongthemwasSharonMacAuliffe,ahighschoolteacher,whowastobethefirstteacherinspace.其中之一是莎倫·麥考利夫，一位高中教師，她將成為第一位太空老師。(P32)(1)單句語法填空①thethreeastronautsisZhaiZhigang,whoisthecommander.②comesabus,andyoucanpreparetoboardit.答案：①Among②Here(2)單句寫作agreatandbeautifulman-madelake.在我們的城市南部，有一座美麗的人造湖。答案：Southofourcitylies(1)表語和地點狀語(多為介詞短語)置于句首時，用全部倒裝。(2)up,down,out,in,away,off等表示地點方位的副詞或there,here,now,then等置于句首時，若主語是名詞用全部倒裝，若主語是人稱代詞，則不倒裝。根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。NationalHeroChina'sfirstmannedspaceshipliftedoffinJiuquan,GansuProvince.Thespaceship,1(call)ShenzhouV,carriedChina'sfirstastronaut,YangLiwei,2wasapilotinthearmyandstartedtrainingforhisspaceflightin1998.Yangsaidwhenthespaceshipseparated3therocket,hegotafeelingofsoaringinto4skybecauseofthezerogravity.Whenthespaceshipwasdoingits5(seven)circle,YangLiweiexpressedthewishesoftheChinesepeople6(explore)andusespace7(peace)．At6：23amonOctober16th,YanglandedinInnerMongoliasafely,when8(million)ofpeoplealloverChinawerewatchingTV.WhenYangclimbedoutofthespaceship，hesmiledand9(wave)tothecrowdswaitingforhim.Afterthe21-hourspace10(fly),Yangwashappytobehomeandhewasregardedasamodernhero.1．2.3.4.5．6.7.8.9．10.答案：1.called2.who3.from4.the5.seventh6.tolions9.waved10.flightⅠ.單句語法填空1．Severaladvertisingagenciesarecompeting(get)thecontract.答案：topetetodosth“競相做某事”。2．InthataccidentIfelloffthetruckand(injure)myleftleg.答案：injured根據(jù)語境可知，在那次事故中，表示已發(fā)生過的事情，故應(yīng)該用一般過去時。3．IthinkIcan(confident)saythatthestaffarehappy.答案：confidently根據(jù)句意可知，副詞作狀語，修飾say。4．ThisisthebestfilmthatIever(see)．答案：have;seen在“This/That/Itisthebest/mostinteresting...＋that從句”中，從句謂語動詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。5．(disable)doesnothavemuchmentalburdenonthechild.答案：Disability根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，在句中作主語，應(yīng)該用名詞。6．ThedoctorsaidIwasabouttopullsoon.答案：through根據(jù)句意可知，表示“康復(fù)”應(yīng)該用pullthrough。7．Thewindgrewmoreandmorefurious,itbegantorain.答案：while根據(jù)句意可知，表示對比和同時發(fā)生，此處應(yīng)該用連詞while引導(dǎo)并列的句子。8．Hedescribedsportasasymbolofpeaceandameansof(promote)friendshipbetweennations.答案：promoting作介詞的賓語，應(yīng)該用動名詞。9．Iaskedhimwhetherhehadgotteninvolvedthataction.答案：withgetinvolvedwith...“參加，參與”。10．Bynowwe(learn)about1,500Englishwords.答案：havelearntbynow一般和現(xiàn)在完成時連用。Ⅱ.單句寫作1．(當飛船起飛時),theweatherwasveryclear.答案：Whenthespaceshipliftedoff2．Hearingthenews,he(滿意地松了一口氣)．答案：letoutagaspofdelight3．Wordcamethattheoldbuildingsinthisareatobuildupanamusementpark.消息傳來，這一地區(qū)的舊建筑物將被拆除以建一個游樂場。答案：wouldbepulleddown4．一星期前我確實想出國度假，但現(xiàn)在已放棄了這個想法。(giveup)答案：Ididwantaholidayabroadaweekago,butnowI'vegivenuptheidea.5．我們正在制作飛機模型，突然我弟弟跑進房間。答案：Weweremakingmodelplaneswhenmylittlebrotherranintoourroom.Ⅲ.語法填空PresidentXiJinping1(sign)apresidentialorderonTuesdaytoawardfourpeoplenationalmedalsandhonorarytitlesfortheiroutstandingcontributions2fightingtheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病).ZhongNanshan,84,3excellentdiseaseexpert,wasawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic,thehighestnationalhonor,forhisoutstandingworkinfightingCOVID-19inChina.Threeotherswerealsoawardedthe“People'sHero”nationalhonorarytitleforhelpingfightagainstthenovelcoronavirus(新冠病毒).TheyareZhangBoli,a4(tradition)Chinesemedicineexpert;ZhangDingyu,headofWuhan'sJinyintanHospital;andChenWei,amedicalscientist5mademajorachievementsinCOVID-19-relatedbasicresearch.Zhongalsohaslongbeendevotedtotheresearch,preventionand6(treat)ofmajorinfectiousandchronicrespiratorydiseases(慢性呼吸病),andhasalongrecordof7(achievement).Hewasamajorfigureinthefightagainstthesevereacuterespiratorysyndrome(綜合癥狀)outbreakin2003inChina.FollowingtheCOVID-19outbreak,theChinesegovernmentencouragedthecountry8(contain)thediseaseinWuhan.Hubeiprovince,afterthecitywaslockeddowninlateJanuary.Morethan42,000medicalworkersfromacrossthecountry9(send)toHubeitofightthedisease.Thepandemichasbeen10(effective)placedundercontrolontheChinesemainlandsinceearlyMarch.1．2.3.4.5．6.7.8.9．10.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述獲得共和國勛章的鐘南山院士在抗擊新冠肺炎中的貢獻和中國的抗疫工作。1．signed考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意：周二，國家主席習(xí)近平簽署了主席令，為四名在抗擊新冠肺炎中做出突出貢獻的人授予國家勛章和榮譽稱號。根據(jù)時間狀語onTuesday和下文wasawarded可知，設(shè)空處謂語動詞需用一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的事情。故填signed。2．to考查介詞。contributionto“對……的貢獻”，是固定搭配，故填to。3．a(chǎn)n考查冠詞。句意：鐘南山，84歲，一位優(yōu)秀的疾病專家，以其在中國抗擊新冠肺炎中的杰出工作而被授予共和國勛章，國家的最高榮譽。expert是可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指“一位優(yōu)秀的疾病專家”，應(yīng)使用不定冠詞，且excellent發(fā)音是以元音音素開頭，故填an。4．traditional考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：他們是張伯禮，一位中醫(yī)專家；張定宇，湖北金銀潭醫(yī)院院長；還有陳薇，一位醫(yī)療科學(xué)家，她在新冠肺炎相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)研究中取得重大成就。此處應(yīng)填一個形容詞修飾名詞expert。故填traditional。5．who/that考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是scientist，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，可使用關(guān)系代詞who或that，故填who/that。6．treatment考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：鐘南山也長期致力于重大傳染病和慢性呼吸道疾病的研究、防治和治療中，并且取得了很多成就。此處和“research,prevention”并列作介詞to的賓語，應(yīng)使用名詞，故填treatment。7．a(chǎn)chievements考查名詞。此處應(yīng)用名詞作介詞of的賓語，achievement意為“成就”，用作可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)alongrecordof可知，此處應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)，故填achievements。8．tocontain考查非謂語動詞。句意：新冠肺炎爆發(fā)后，中國政府鼓勵全國控制武漢的疫情。encouragesb/sthtodosth“鼓勵某人/某物做某事”，是固定搭配，此處動詞不定式作賓補。故填tocontain。9．weresent考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：來自全國的42,000多名醫(yī)療工作者被派往湖北與疾病作斗爭。此處是講述過去的事情，且動詞send和主語Morethan42,000medicalworkers之間是被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填weresent。10．effectively考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：自3月初以來，中國大陸的疫情得到有效控制。此處修飾動詞placed，應(yīng)使用副詞，故填effectively。Ⅳ.短文改錯Withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry,theenvironmentisbecomingworseandworse.Thisishightimethatwetookactionandwewouldhavenowheretolive.Ashighschoolstudent,wecanprotecttheenvironmentbylivealow-carbonlife.Firstly,weshouldturnonthelightswhenwearenotusingthemtosavetheelectricity.Secondly,whenwewentout,weshouldwalkorridebikesifpossibly.Ifwetraveltoplacesfaraway,theycantakepublictransport.Finally,it'salsoagoodideareusethingsinourdailylife,suchaspaper,bottlesandcans.答案：Withthedevelopmentofmodernindustry,theenvironmentisbecomingworseandworse.eq\o(This,\s\do8(①It))ishightimethatwetookactioneq\o(and,\s\do8(②or))wewouldhavenowheretolive.Ashighschooleq\o(student,\s\do8(③students))，wecanprotecttheenvironmentbyeq\o(live,\s\do8(④living))alow-carbonlife.Firstly,weshouldturneq\o(on,\s\do8(⑤off/out))thelightswhenwearenotusingthemtosaveeq\o(eq\o(the,＼),\s\do9(⑥))electricity.Secondly,whenweeq\o(went,\s\do8(⑦go))out,weshouldwalkorridebikesifeq\o(possibly,\s\do8(⑧possible)).Ifwetraveltoplacesfaraway,eq\o(they,\s\do8(⑨we))cantakepublictransport.Finally,it'salsoagoodideaeq\o(∧,\s\do8(⑩to))reusethingsinourdailylife,suchaspaper,bottlesandcans.1．This→It考查固定句型。固定句型itishightimethat...表示“該是做某事的時候了”。故將This改為It。2．a(chǎn)nd→or考查連詞。結(jié)合句意可知表示“否則”應(yīng)用or，故將and改為or。3．student→students考查名詞。student為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)下文we可知應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故將student改為students。4．live→living考查動名詞。by為介詞，后跟動名詞作賓語，故將live改為living。5．on→off/out考查介詞。固定短語“turnoff/out”，意為“關(guān)燈”。故將on改為off/out。6．去掉the考查冠詞。electricity是不可數(shù)名詞，前面不需要冠詞。故去掉the。7．went→go考查動詞的時態(tài)。此處描述一般情況，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為we，動詞用原形。故將went改為go。8．possibly→possible考查形容詞。本句是ifitispossible的省略句，應(yīng)用形容詞作表語。故將possibly改為possible。9．they→we考查代詞。本文是以第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)寫的，所以用we作主語。故將they改為we。10．idea后加to考查動詞不定式。根據(jù)句型itisagoodideatodosth表示“做某事是好主意”，todo不定式作真正主語放在后面，it作形式主語。故在idea后加to。課時作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·西藏拉薩中學(xué)高三月考)Sharksaren'tthescariestthingsintheoceanforscientistswhodivetowork.Powerfulcurrents,createdwheretheoceanfloordropsaway,canbejustasdeadly.“Youcangetsuckeddownbythepressurewithinminutes，”notesMarcelJaspars.He'sachemistwhooncesavedhimselffromsuchacurrent.HecameacrossitwhiletakingphotosofaseaspongenearIndonesia,inSoutheastAsia.Luckily,heinflatedhisdivevestintime.Hewasabletofloattothesurfaceandescapethepotentiallydeadlycurrent.Divinghasrisks.Butthescientistswhoworkunderwateraretrainedtodealwiththesedangers.ForJaspars,therewardsofresearchandunderwateradventurearegreaterthantherisks.Hesearchesforunusualchemicalsmadebyoceanlife.Thenheanalyzesthemforcomponentsthatmightserveasmedicinesforpeople.Theseamayseemlikeastrangeplacetolookfornewdrugs.Butorganisms(生物體)intheoceanhavehadtoadapttoatoughenvironment.Someofthechemicalstheymakeforsurvivalmighthelppeople,too.Morethan50yearsago,scientistsdiscoveredanewanti-cancerdruginaseasponge.Sincethen,researchershavebeenhuntingtheseasformoreofsuchusefulnaturalproducts.Withthehelpofunderwaterrobotsandsmallsubmarines(潛水艇),Jasparsandotherscientistsaresearchingtheseas—fromtheshallowtotheoceans'greatdepths.Theirgoal:findingchemicalsmadebymarinelifeforuseinonedaytreatinghumandisease.NowJasparsdirectstheMarineBiodiscoveryCenter.It'sattheUniversityofAberdeen,inScotland.Therehefocusesonmicrobes(微生物)livinginverycoldenvironments,suchastheArcticOcean.“It'stoocoldanddeeptodivethere，”hesays.Soscientistsonresearchshipspullupbucketsofmudfromtheseafloor.Later,theysendhimsmallsamplesofwhatthey'vepulledup.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家冒險潛入冰冷的海水中尋找海洋生物制造的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，試圖找到用于治療人類疾病的藥物。1．WhyisJaspars'experiencementionedinParagraph1?A．Toadvisewaysofsurvivinginthesea.B．Toexplainhisabilityandluckinthesea.C．Toshowthedangerofdeadlycurrenttodivers.D．Totellusthevalueofhisunderwateradventure.答案：C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Powerfulcurrents,created...suchacurrent.(在海底下沉的地方產(chǎn)生的強大水流也可能是致命的。MarcelJaspars(馬塞爾·賈斯帕爾斯)指出：‘你可以在幾分鐘內(nèi)被壓力吸下去?！且幻瘜W(xué)家，曾經(jīng)從這種水流中拯救了自己。)”可推知，提及Jaspars的經(jīng)歷是為了展示致命水流對潛水者的危險。故選C。2．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofJaspars'researchandunderwateradventure?A．Secure. B．Unique.C．Unbearable. D．Rewarding.答案：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，對Jaspars來說，水下探險的回報大于風(fēng)險。他尋找海洋生物制造的不尋常化學(xué)物質(zhì)。然后，他分析它們的成分，從而找到用于人類的藥物。由此推知，作者認為Jaspars的研究和水下探險是值得的。故選D。3．What'sthepurposeofJaspars'searchingtheseas?A．Tofindchemicalsfornewmedicines.B．Tostudyallkindsofoceancreatures.C．Tobetrainedtodealwithoceandangers.D．Tolookfornewmedicinesformarinelife.答案：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Theirgoal:findingchemicalsmadebymarinelifeforuseinonedaytreatinghumandisease.”可知，Jaspars搜索海洋的目標是：找到海洋生物制造的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，在某一天內(nèi)用于治療人類疾病。故選A。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TherisksofsearchingtheseasB．RiskydivingfornewmedicinesC．ThemostdangerousthingsintheseaD．Jaspars,achemistinventingmedicines答案：B標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了Jaspars等科學(xué)家通過潛入深海中尋找海洋生物制造的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，以找到用于治療人類疾病的藥物。所以文章的最佳標題為“冒險潛水尋找新藥”。故選B。B(2021·甘肅高三二模)ChinesevolleyballsuperstarZhu