成人高考英語(yǔ)核心考點(diǎn)詳解全套

成人高考英語(yǔ)核心考點(diǎn)詳解考點(diǎn)1：語(yǔ)音開(kāi)音節(jié)1.以不發(fā)音的元音字母e結(jié)尾。例如：mike,same,gate2.以輔音+發(fā)音的元音字母結(jié)尾。例如：she,me,so開(kāi)音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則：元音字母在開(kāi)音節(jié)中一般讀它的字母音。閉音節(jié)以一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音字母（r除外）結(jié)尾，而又只包含一個(gè)元音字母的音節(jié)稱為閉音節(jié)，如：at,but,am,back等。閉音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則：元音字母在閉音節(jié)中讀所規(guī)定的短元音。a/ae/e/e/i（y）/i/o/?/u/?/或/u/元音字母的讀音元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音1)a讀作/?/again/??gen/ago/??g??/vacation/v??ke??n/woman/?w?m?n/breakfast/?brekf?s/a+輔音字母+無(wú)聲字母e，讀/i/village/?v?l?d?/comrade/?k?mre?d/palace/?p?lis/2)e讀作/?/或/i/excellent/?eks?l?nt/silent/?sail?nt/open/???p?n/exam/ig?z?m/sentence/?sent?ns/problem/?pr?bl?m/decide/di?said/e在前綴和后綴中讀/i/behind/bi?haind/wanted/?w?ntid/actress/??ktris/exam/ig?z?m/decide/di?sai?d/repeat/ri?pi:t/3)i（y）讀作/i/或/ai/lily/?lili/city/?siti/satisfy/?s?tisfai/4)o讀作/?/或/?/bottom/?b?t?m/common/?k?m?n/second/?sek?nd/o在詞尾的非重讀音節(jié)中常讀/?u/radio/?reidi??/potato/p??teit??/piano/pi??n??/5)u讀作/?/，/ju/autumn/??:t?m/support/s??p?:t/occupy/??kjupa?/其他常見(jiàn)字母組合在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音-tion,-sion,-ssion讀作/?n/或/??n/production/pr??d?k?n/section/?sek?n/nation/?nei?n/version/?v?:?n/impression/im?pre?n/常見(jiàn)元音字母組合的讀音ar讀作/ɑ:/如:car/kɑ?/hard/hɑ?d/park/pɑ?k/or讀作/?:/如:horse/h?:s/sport/sp?:t/north/n?:θ/er，ir，ur均讀作/?:/如:term/t?:m/shirt/??:t/burn/b?:n/ee讀作/i:/如:feel/fi:l/sleep/sli:p/see/si:/ea讀作/i:/如:meat/mi:t/peace/pi:s/clean/kli:n/ei，ie讀作/i:/如:field/fi:ld/deceive/di?si:v/piece/pi:s/ear讀作/i?/或/??/(/i?/tear/ti?/hear/hi?(r)/year/ji?(r)/)(/??/wear/we?(r）/bear/be?(r)/pear/pe?(r)/)ear后有輔音時(shí)讀作：/?:/（learn/l?:n/early/??:li]/）ew,eu讀作：/ju:/new/nju:/few/fju:/feudal/?fju:dl/neutral/?nju:tr?l/au,augh,aw讀作/?：/cause/k?:z/daughter/?d?:t?(r)/saw/s?:/ig,igh讀作/ai/bright/brait/high/hai/sign/sa?=in/ai,ay讀作/ei/play/plei/way/wei/main/mein/ind讀作/aind/mind/maind/kind/kaind/find/faind/ou讀作/au/或/?/house/ha?s/about/??ba?t/sound/sa?nd/al讀作/?：/或/?：l/talk/t?:k/walk/w?:k/ball/b?:l/oi,oy讀作/?i/voice/v?is/point/p?int/joy/d??i/ia,ie,io讀作/ai?/dialogue/'dai?l?ɡ/quiet/?kwai?t/violence/?vai?l?ns/oo讀作/u:/，有時(shí)也讀作/u/food/fu:d/school/sku:l/good/g?d/oo后面為K時(shí)，讀作/u/book/b?k/look/l?k/oor,oar讀作/?：/board/b?:d/floor/fl?:(r)/door/d?:(r)/oa讀作/?u/road/r??d/coat/k??t/load/l??d/ow讀作/au/或/?u/know/n??/grow/gr??/now/na?/our讀作/?：/或/au?/pour/p?:(r)/course/k?:s/our/a??/ough讀作/?：/bought/b?:t/thought/θ?:t/owe讀作/au?/flower/?fla??(r)/power/?pa??(r)/tower/?ta??(r)/字母在單詞中不發(fā)音的規(guī)則,一般有下列14條：1.字母b在字母t之前如：debt[det]（欠債）2.字母b在字母m之后如：comb[k??m]（梳子）3.字母c在字母s之后如：muscle[?m?sl]（肌肉）4.字母d在詞尾-dge中如：bridge[br?d?]（橋）5.字母g在字母n之前如：sign[sain]（標(biāo)記）6.字母gh在t之前如：fight[fait]（打）7.字母h在r之后如：rhythem['riem]（節(jié)奏）8.字母h在詞首ex-之后如：exhibition[eksi'bi∫n]（展覽會(huì)）9.字母h在詞首gh中如：ghost[g??st]（鬼）10.字母k在字母n之前如：knee[ni:]（膝）11.字母l在-alf,-alk,-alm,-ould中如：talk[t?:k]（談話）half[ha：f]（一半）calm[ka：m]（平靜）could[kud]（能）12.字母n在詞尾-mn中如：autumn[??:t?m]（秋天）13.字母t在詞尾-sten,-stlet和-ften中如：listen['lisn]（聽(tīng)）castle['ka:sl]（城堡）soften[?s?fn]（軟化）14.字母w在字母r之前如：wrong[r??]（錯(cuò)）考查元音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音1.A.penaltyB.momentC.quarrelD.absent(A)2.A.sympathyB.materialC.courageD.analysis(C)3.A.vitalB.silentC.collideD.fierce(D)4.A.uncleB.productC.ruralD.ugly(C)考查元音字母組合在單詞中的發(fā)音1.A.taughtB.caughtC.laughD.fault(C)2.A.measureB.deadlineC.heatD.feather(C)考查輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音1.A.reviseB.consistC.advertiseD.visit(B)2.A.receptionB.receiptC.captureD.concept(B)考查其他字母組合的發(fā)音1.A.donkeyB.turkeyC.moneyD.obey(D)2.A.starvationB.suggestionC.satisfactionD.situation(B)3.A.slowB.showerC.flowerD.how(A)第二部分詞匯與語(yǔ)法詞匯與語(yǔ)法部分，總共15小題，每題1分，共15分.如果能掌握以下這些主要內(nèi)容，至少能得6-8分。在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，要注意多積累相關(guān)詞匯和語(yǔ)法的使用?？键c(diǎn)1：名詞一、名詞的意義和分類名詞是表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的詞，如：desk,computer,sky,pen等名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類。專有名詞是指具體的人、事物、地點(diǎn)或機(jī)構(gòu)的專有名稱，如China,NewYork等。普通名詞是指表示某類人或某類事物的名稱。普通名詞又分為：二、名詞的數(shù)（一）名詞分兩類：1.可數(shù)名詞（countablenoun）能用數(shù)目計(jì)算的事物和概念的名詞如：deskbookcomputerapple2.不可數(shù)名詞（uncountablenoun）不能用數(shù)目計(jì)算的事物或者抽象概念的名詞waterrainsunshinecoffee（二）可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分：apple-applespencil-pencilstomato-tomatoes不可數(shù)名詞，無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)，只用單數(shù)表示salt-saltcoffee-coffeewater-water（三）名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則：1.一般末尾加上后綴-sgirl-girlsfriend-friends2.以s、z、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的詞，在該詞末尾加上后綴-esbus→busesquiz→quizzes(小型考試)fox→foxesmatch→matchesflash→flashes3.輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y變?yōu)閕，再加-escandy-candiesfactory-factories4.以-o結(jié)尾的名詞，加-estomato-tomatoeshero-heroespotato-potatoes但是，如果-o結(jié)尾的這個(gè)名詞是屬于外來(lái)詞，則直接加-sphoto-photospiano-pianosradio-radios5.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，一般要把“f”或者”fe”變v，再加-eslife-livesleaf-leaveswife-wives6.少數(shù)不規(guī)則的名詞變化形式man-menwoman-womenfoot-feettooth-teeth（四）可數(shù)名詞前可加a(an)或量詞apple-anapple-apples-aboxofapplestomato-atomato-tomatoes-abagoftomatoes不可數(shù)名詞前不可加a(an)，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)，但前面可以加量詞coffee-acupofcoffee英語(yǔ)中常用”of“詞組來(lái)表示數(shù)量。of前面表示數(shù)量的名詞，根據(jù)情況用單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)。of后面如是不可數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)；如是可數(shù)名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)acupofteatwoglassesofmilkthreebasketofapplesoneboxofeggs考點(diǎn)2：冠詞（一）不定冠詞不定冠詞有兩種形式：a和ana用于輔音（不一定是輔音字母）開(kāi)頭的名詞前，如：ateacher/university/housean用于元音（不一定是元音字母）開(kāi)頭的名詞前，如：anapple/hour/egg/orange不定冠詞的用法：1.表示某類人或事物當(dāng)中的一個(gè)，如：Herbrotherisacollegestudent.2.表示數(shù)量：即表示數(shù)量“一”，如：Ayearisdividedintotwelvemonths.3.表示同一性，說(shuō)明事物的同一特征，大小，程度或性質(zhì)。如：Thishatandthatoneareofashape4.指事物的單位，相當(dāng)于everyany,如：Shekeptonwritingtoherparentsonceamonth不定冠詞的常見(jiàn)詞組搭配：alotof;agoodmany;asaresult;asamatteroffact定冠詞the的常見(jiàn)用法：1.特指某人或某物時(shí)(1)特指上文已提過(guò)的人或物。如：Hecameacrossanoldfriendinashop.Thefriendwasnowageneralmanager.(2)特指雙方都知道的人或物。如：Didyouparkthecaratthecorner?(3)特指形容詞最高級(jí)、比較級(jí)所修飾的某個(gè)確定的人或物。如：Hechosethebiggerorange,butshechosethesmallestone.2.世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的名詞及樂(lè)器名詞前。如：Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon,butsmallerthanthesun.Doyouliketoplaythepianoortheviolin?3.the+形容詞，表示一類人或物。如：theold,theyoung,therich,thepoor,thesick如：Hestolefromtherichtogivetothepoor.4.the+姓氏s，表示一家人或一對(duì)夫婦。如：theGreens,theSmiths,theZhangs,theCuries(居里夫婦)零冠詞的用法：1.用在學(xué)科、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)或游戲名稱前：Englishislearnedinmosthighschool.Theyenjoyplayingbasketballintheafternoon.Theoldareplayingchessunderthetree.2.一日三餐前(但如其前后有形容詞或從句、短語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)，應(yīng)加冠詞)Weusuallygotoschoolafterbreakfastatseven.（比較：HowdoyoulikethedinnerMr.Jackprepared?）3.星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日等名詞前（但月份、季節(jié)等詞前后如有限制性定語(yǔ)修飾表示特定時(shí)間時(shí)，其前加the）TodayisWednesday.October1isNationalDay.考點(diǎn)3：代詞代詞：代替人或事物的名詞人稱代詞：主格代詞：I,he,she,it,you,we,they1.Iamateacher.2.Heisateacher.3.Youareteachers.賓格代詞：me,him,her,it,you,us,th