飼料總能的測定 氧彈量熱法 編制說明

4一、工作簡況根據(jù)2021年國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)下達(dá)的2021年第四批推薦性），567項(xiàng)目主持人。方案設(shè)計(jì)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文本和編制說明編制和完善、征求意891二、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編制原則和主要技術(shù)內(nèi)容確定的依據(jù)22.主要技術(shù)內(nèi)容確定的依據(jù)序號方法名稱適用范圍主要內(nèi)容文獻(xiàn)出處1ISO9831:1998Animalfeedingstuffs，animalproducts，andfaecesorurine—Determinationofgrosscalorificvalue—Bombcalorimetermethod物產(chǎn)品，規(guī)定了在絕熱、等溫或靜態(tài)彈式熱量計(jì)中以恒定體積測定動(dòng)物飼料、動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品和糞便或尿液的總熱值的方法。ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)2ISO1928:2020Coalcoke—Determinationofcalorificvalueandgross炭規(guī)定了在燃燒容器量熱計(jì)中測定固體礦物燃料在恒定體積和25℃參考溫度下的總熱值的方法ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3GB/T213-2008煤炭等規(guī)定了煤炭等固體礦物燃料及水煤漿燃燒熱值測定方法中國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)430YearsofResearchonThermalAnalysisandCalorimetry應(yīng)熱苯甲酸作為DSC測定升華焓的校準(zhǔn)劑J.O.Hill.5ANewApproachforIsothermalCalorimetricTechnique統(tǒng)研制等溫測熱系統(tǒng)原理H.Hojjati等6DeterminationoftheHigherHeatingValueofPigManure豬糞采用氧彈量熱法測總能，儀器型號：6200No.442MParrR.Wnetr7地溝油燃燒熱的測定地溝油氧彈量熱法，微機(jī)自動(dòng)量胡萬鵬等38三種主食熱量的測定—燃燒熱測定實(shí)驗(yàn)的應(yīng)用玉米面氧彈式量熱計(jì)，手動(dòng)式趙麗娜等9自動(dòng)氧彈、熱量計(jì)熱值誤差測量的不確定度評定-不確定度的分布及分析孫坤瑜等飼料總能和糞能的測定技術(shù)氧彈卡計(jì)，手動(dòng)測量賴建輝等T/NAIA006-2020畜禽飼料糞尿能值的測定料糞尿規(guī)定了畜禽飼料糞尿在絕熱型、等溫型或靜態(tài)型氧彈熱量計(jì)測定總能的方法。寧夏分析測試學(xué)會(huì)團(tuán)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4不同飼料原料質(zhì)量對飼料總5表3不同樣品質(zhì)量對飼料原料總能的影響J/g樣品名稱r值0.40.60.816417b16458b16523a16657a16617a0.050.496未膨化玉米0.861膨化玉米0.376豆粕0.543膨化大豆20697206922097121409205550.153生大豆粉21484a21201b21080bc21037bc20860c0.00760.768乳清粉15127b15168b15204b15325a15303a0.045未膨化亞麻籽25605b25957a26094a26354a25787b0.047膨化亞麻籽25003257052533525030252100.943油莎豆粕（去油）0.701油莎豆粕（未去油）21472214512143821366214030.3060.808膨化大米備注：同行平均值上標(biāo)字母相同表示差異不顯著（r>0.05上標(biāo)字母不同表示差異顯著（r<0.05）。不同配合飼料、濃縮飼料及精料補(bǔ)充料質(zhì)表4不同樣品質(zhì)量對飼料產(chǎn)品總能的影響J/g樣品名稱稱樣量，gr值雞配合飼料10.147雞配合飼料20.689小鼠配合飼料0.575豬配合飼料10.285豬配合飼料20.175豬濃縮飼料115648a15488b15475b15488b15547a0.012豬濃縮飼料20.207雞濃縮飼料0.586牛精料補(bǔ)充料0.486羊精料補(bǔ)充料0.5287備注：同行平均值上標(biāo)字母相同表示差異不顯著（r>0.05），上標(biāo)字母不同表示差異顯著（r<0.05）。不同油脂質(zhì)量及糖蜜質(zhì)量對總能測表5是不同油脂質(zhì)量及糖蜜質(zhì)量對總能測定的影響樣品名稱豆油樣品質(zhì)量（g）r值0.8700.439375±590.639380±1180.839364±1739331±83調(diào)和油40241±73040397±42540587±45540225±3980.810椰子油37667±40737949±63437568±1937621±870.632棕櫚油39348b±110.041磷脂32533b±200.003月桂酸36738±13236773±3136806±2536686±1760.622魚油39811±32440090±19240361±46940609±5830.220雞油139998±17440161±10640025±10440044±1610.530雞油239633±71440189±26340384±24240217±5520.323豬油140011±60439593±30939759±29239875±1920.606豬油239778±15539827±13139939±9539811±1300.490糖蜜110047±4210001±2310056±2710051±210.860糖蜜211777±7811712±4511789±3511748±420.5418程中并未對樣品的粉碎粒度作要求。Sibb9表6不同粉碎粒度對飼料總能的影響J/g樣品名稱粉碎粒度（目）r值40玉米16792a16883a16862b16657b0.011小麥16340c16497a16570a16473b<0.01豬配合飼料10.586豬配合飼料20.689雞配合飼料10.641雞配合飼料20.596雞濃縮飼料0.589牛精料補(bǔ)充料0.458備注：同行平均值上標(biāo)字母相同表示差異不顯著（r>0.05），上標(biāo)字母不同表示差異顯著（r<0.05）。別很大，可能會(huì)對結(jié)果造成影響。婁瑞潁等使用1.04%。李全豐使用PARR6400氧表7不同設(shè)備對飼料原料總能值的影響J/g樣品名稱IKAC6000TYHW-2000GR3500-SR1CV，%r玉米（100目）1652小麥164491632915982149未膨化玉米1615615907153432.64膨化玉米1719517193165072.34豆粕1776117517169852.280472膨化大豆2040920687200561.55.生大豆粉2108021837205523.05魚粉1920919215182482.95乳清粉1532515329147222.31未膨化亞麻籽2635425499250362.61膨化亞麻籽2503025893237794.27油莎豆粕（去油）2.46油莎豆粕（未去油）2136621943206603.012.83膨化大米小鼠配合飼料3.82雞配合飼料2.00豬配合飼料12,26豬配合飼料22.16豬濃縮飼料13.15豬濃縮飼料22.09雞濃縮飼料2.36牛精料補(bǔ)充料9872羊精料補(bǔ)充料椰子油3794937913379010.07棕櫚油3945539548393210.293938040040395800.85月桂酸3677336848365760.38磷脂3259532844327560.39糖蜜199900.35糖蜜20.40表8飼料樣品測定前后引火絲質(zhì)量變化序號實(shí)驗(yàn)前（g）試驗(yàn)后（g）差值（g）燃燒熱，J10.00830.00570.002620.00760.00470.002930.00840.00530.003140.00750.00470.002850.00890.00480.004124.660.00830.00530.00370.00860.00510.003521.080.00840.00530.003190.00910.00530.003822.80.00860.00510.003521.00.00880.00540.003420.40.00800.00460.003420.40.00810.00480.00330.00870.00480.003923.40.00810.00500.00310.00810.00470.003420.4序號實(shí)驗(yàn)前（g）試驗(yàn)后（g）差值（g）燃燒熱，J0.00780.00480.0030.00890.00480.004124.60.00850.00370.004828.8200.00780.00450.0033210.00870.00480.003923.4220.00790.00460.0033230.00790.00470.0032240.00870.00530.003420.4250.00810.00470.003420.4260.00870.00510.003621.6270.00800.00450.003521.0280.00790.00430.003621.6290.00850.00640.00210.00790.00480.00310.00880.00510.003722.20.00860.00520.003420.40.00860.00520.003420.40.00790.00470.00320.00820.00470.003521.00.00800.00510.00290.00860.00520.003420.40.00850.00360.004929.40.00850.00500.003521.0400.00790.00210.005834.8410.00770.00450.0032420.00800.00200.00636.0430.00790.00460.0033440.00830.00730.0016.0450.00810.00450.003621.6460.00820.00500.0032470.00870.00360.005130.6480.00860.00500.003621.6490.00800.00470.00330.00850.00490.003621.60.00780.00500.0028序號實(shí)驗(yàn)前（g）試驗(yàn)后（g）差值（g）燃燒熱，J0.00790.00490.0030.00780.00460.00320.00870.00510.003621.60.00870.00520.003521.03.方法的性能指標(biāo)考察表9一天之內(nèi)不同時(shí)間測定對飼料總能值的影響J/g樣品名稱膨化大豆20494206492062420854208252074120927207870.64玉米粉0.24雞配合飼料0.19豬配合飼料10.15豬濃縮飼料10.22雞濃縮飼料0.29牛精料補(bǔ)充料0.18調(diào)和油40414398283963339943396873983439902399860.21糖蜜99919996993799990.09表10連續(xù)七天測定對飼料總能的影響J/g樣品名稱測試時(shí)間（第*天）CV，%1234567膨化大豆204942030920510204352057620642206610.58玉米粉雞配合飼料0.91豬配合飼料1豬濃縮飼料10.87雞濃縮飼料牛精料補(bǔ)充料調(diào)和油40414398574030740459399873985639785糖蜜9993995899900.95表11苯甲酸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物質(zhì)總能的測定J/g測試人儀器型號測定次數(shù)相對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差，%12345AIKAC600026464264532648626437244500.069TYHW-200026491264632644526451244620.067BIKAC600026431264342645926462244700.066TYHW-200026453264672645226435244780.062玉米粉、次粉、配合飼料、蛋白粉等9大類飼料產(chǎn)品72個(gè)表12方法適用性考察結(jié)果序號飼料種類樣品名稱重復(fù)樣品質(zhì)量g測定值J/g平均值J/g相對偏差%測定值MJ/kg平均值MJ/kg相對偏差%1玉米蛋白粉120.77050.34632295522768228620.4122.9622.7722.860.412羽毛粉120.15920.99772403124337241840.6324.0324.3424.180.633豬肉粉120.75060.79552426624408243370.2924.2724.4124.340.294國產(chǎn)魚粉121.16652094820907209280.1020.9520.9120.930.1051210.2250.80580.90440.430.436DDGS20.39940.190.197蛋白雞肉粉120.76361.30162207922368222240.6522.0822.3722.220.658料120.80840.78390.470.479121.08910.77420.040.04121.07281.45792263022452225410.3922.6322.4522.540.39雞肉粉121.26311.14692412024029240750.1924.0324.070.19鴨毛粉120.7650.28492476124498246300.5324.7624.5024.630.53121.36011.85810.060.06發(fā)酵豆粕120.25010.3075玉米胚芽粕10.88490.130.13序號飼料種類樣品名稱重復(fù)樣品質(zhì)量g測定值J/g平均值J/g相對偏差%測定值MJ/kg平均值MJ/kg相對偏差%2021222324252627282946豆粕棉粕143豆粕動(dòng)物蛋白粉棉粕2豆粕1豆粕2越南魚粉豆粕3菜粕1菜粕2棉粕3菜粕3噴漿玉米皮次粉牧草玉米粉牧草秸稈21212121212121212121212121212121210.70780.78731.00740.90661.71671.63971.42190.26150.28571.03491.20590.60921.12610.83011.67861.68292.1371.45621.67191.58441.88550.24340.22390.92581.37860.69631.15550.79651.07650.57330.92161.14590.84240.986623770237768452839320720213152079123773842320331210530.080.020.630.010.250.280.130.340.350.320.250.260.610.2923.7723.788.458.3920.7221.3220.7923.778.4220.3321.050.080.020.630.010.250.280.130.340.350.320.250.260.610.29序號飼料種類樣品名稱重復(fù)樣品質(zhì)量g測定值J/g平均值J/g相對偏差%測定值MJ/kg平均值MJ/kg相對偏差%40414243444546474849類20.911818223類17.1321.1521.2220.9921.2720.0019.9717.5517.4516.7517.0116.7616.8218.5218.6617.2617.6018.4417.1321.1521.2220.9921.2720.0019.9717.5517.4516.7517.0116.7616.8218.5218.6617.2617.6018.4418.6818.3418.4639.5939.6640.2640.8740.1540.6310.029.9911.102115221217209862126920000395883966140263408714014840632999112121212121212121212121212121212牧草鯉魚料鯉魚料黃鱔配合料濃縮飼料1生長育肥豬濃縮料母豬濃縮飼料仔豬前期濃縮料豬濃縮料濃縮飼料乳豬濃縮飼料魚油1魚油2雞油糖蜜1糖蜜20.1521185水產(chǎn)料0.67211280.070.290.770.16飼料0.400.980.650.320.1839624類40567403900.64糖蜜3.030.56611.60251.25460.69951.34791.29641.59661.32181.46011.86461.68571.26531.94370.73561.23580.86560.81350.3722.30431.61010.67820.89400.68900.89960.78320.89010.60890.66340.67900.6890糖蜜310.834211708116980.1611.21.1821.1339.6240.5740.390.150.670.070.290.770.160.400.980.650.320.180.643.030.16序號飼料種類樣品名稱重復(fù)樣品質(zhì)量g測定值J/g平均值J/g相對偏差%測定值MJ/kg平均值MJ/kg相對偏差%59禽配合飼料豬配合飼料212121212120.61780.37690.97590.65320.87761.12332.07280.61771.17721.02261.20220.47料0.37仔雞前期配0.37合飼料產(chǎn)蛋雞配合飼料肉雞前期7配合飼料0.07蛋雞配合料0.220.89051.01371.22640.220.89051.01371.22640.78041.66941.41281.33651.31711.126812121212121212121212114.7919.5219.5019.9520.0117.6117.79200100.050.05合飼料肉雞后期配合飼料母豬前期0.510.51配合料0.06仔豬前期配0.061.2888期）1.26511.54611.26511.54611.32581.12610.64421.38561.31310.030.03合飼料豬中期配合飼料0.08妊娠母豬0.08配合飼料生長肥育豬0.10后期配合飼0.101.3657料0.020.5340.020.5341.1557配合料10.03生長肥育豬0.030.470.370.150.070.220.050.510.060.030.080.100.020.03