二輪復習-2017年高考完形填空

2017高考完形填空技能訓練ClozeTest詞匯題考什么？

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

(語境)

句際關(guān)系【近三年江蘇卷考點方向】主要考查名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞，占90%以上。I.完形填空定義（definition）：完成原文的填空II.解題步驟（problem-solvingsteps）:1、閱讀文章，把握大意，關(guān)注句首句末。2、瀏覽選項，確定詞義詞性。3、以句為單位解題，兼顧上下文。4、帶入答案通讀全文，復核檢查。III.解題策略（problemsolvingstrategies）：瞻前顧后找對應帶入排除翻譯定選項答案就在原文中1.利用上下文暗示解題

在多數(shù)空白前后的上下文中，會出現(xiàn)或多或少的設空依據(jù)，就是所謂的“伏筆”或“暗示”。學生在閱讀過程中會根據(jù)這些伏筆或暗示，或順勢對下文進行推測，或逆向?qū)ι衔倪M行推導，心中往往能預判出答案，并且在閱讀過程中對預判答案不斷進行修正。[典例1](2015·江蘇高考)I'manambitious__40__,andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化療),eventhoughI'mavery41.positiveperson,Ilostmydrivetowrite.40.A.reader B.writerC.editor D.doctorB

[聯(lián)系后文中的Ilostmydrivetowrite(我失去了寫作的動力)可知，作者是一名作家(writer)。reader讀者；editor編輯；doctor醫(yī)生。]

2.利用語義邏輯關(guān)系解題

文章的段與段、句與句之間通常具有一定的語義關(guān)系，如：并列關(guān)系，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，遞進關(guān)系，因果關(guān)系，目的關(guān)系，解釋關(guān)系等。完形填空經(jīng)常會考查學生對文章中的這些語義關(guān)系的把握。因此，理清文章的語義關(guān)系是解題的關(guān)鍵。[典例1]

(2015·江蘇高考)Oneday,whilewaitingtogoinfor43.treatment,IhadoneofDr.Bernie'sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient44.noticedwhatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme__45__hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.45.A.whileB.becauseC.althoughD.providingB

[前文說另一位病人注意到“我”讀的書并開始和“我”聊天，后面提到“他也有Dr.Bernie的一本書”，由此可知兩者之間存在因果關(guān)系。while當……的時候；although盡管；雖然；providing假如，如果。]

[典例2](2015·江蘇高考)Heunfortunately52.passedawaylastyearduetohiscancer,__53__heleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe54.inspirationtopickupmypenagain.53.A.since B.butC.so D.forB[前文講“我”的病友因癌癥去世，后文說“給‘我’留下了很深的印象……”，可見前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選but。since自……以來；so因此；for因為。]

3.利用詞語習慣搭配解題

完形填空經(jīng)常在文章中考查詞語的習慣搭配，主要考查動詞與名詞、代詞之間，動詞、名詞、形容詞與介詞之間的搭配。熟悉并掌握固定搭配是解題的重要手段。[典例1](2015·江蘇高考)I__55__tomyself,“Ifhecandoit,thensocanI.”55.A.promised B.sworeC.thought D.repliedC

[聯(lián)系后面的話可知，此處應該是作者自己的感慨：我心想，“如果他能做到，那么我也能。”thinktooneself是固定搭配，意為“心中想”。promise承諾；swear發(fā)誓；reply回答。]

4.利用詞匯復現(xiàn)解題

完形填空的文章雖短，但卻是一個意義完整、上下關(guān)聯(lián)的語篇，所討論的是同一主題，所以行文中的替代現(xiàn)象和詞語重復是不可避免的。詞匯的復現(xiàn)是指某一詞以原詞、指代詞、同義詞、反義詞、概括詞等出現(xiàn)在語篇中，句子通過這種復現(xiàn)得到了相互銜接。完形填空的某個空白處的答案可能就是上下文復現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞，據(jù)此可快速找出正確答案。

解析：26和36題可使用詞匯復現(xiàn)法解題。由前面的Dadhadagreencomb可知，每天晚上，爸爸都會遞給“我”他的梳子(comb)讓“我”幫他清洗，故26題選C；由第一段的helpDaddycleanit可知，爸爸提出讓“我”再幫他清洗(clean)梳子，故36題選C。[典例](2015·陜西高考)Dadhadagreencomb.HeboughtitwhenhemarriedMum.Everynight,hewouldhandmehis__26__andsay,“Goodgirl,helpDaddycleanit,OK？”Asusual,Ihelpedhimcarryhisbagsintohisstudy.WhenIturnedtoleave,hesaid,“Hey,wouldyouhelpme__36_mycomb?”Ilookedathimawhile,then37.tookthecombandheadedtothesink.

26.A.bag

B.walletC.combD.brush36.A.sharpenB.repairC.cleanD.keep

5.利用情景排除法解題完形填空的某些設空在文章的上下文中是找不到“伏筆”或“暗示”的，這時就要求學生對空白前后的情景進行合理想象，然后用排除法確定正確選項，因為四個選項中必有一正確選擇。55和56題在文中找不到伏筆或暗示，但根據(jù)前后的情景還是能推出答案的。55空前面說讓小孩把書歸還，“或許你的媽媽喜歡(enjoy)聽這個故事”，故選A；56空后面的“Pleasereadalittle__57.louder__．”應該是請求(request)，故56題選B。[典例1]

(2016·四川高考)Another53.trywasinorder.“Well,ifyoudon'twanttoreadit,giveit54.back.Maybeyourmomwould__55__hearingthestory.”ThebooksailedthroughtheairtoAuntDedeandshebegantoreaditaloud.Bytheendofthefirstchapter,__56__werecomingfromthebackseat:“Pleasereadalittle57.louder.”55.A.enjoy B.admitC.mind D.finish56.A.decisions B.requestsC.commentsD.promises

6.利用詞法和句法結(jié)構(gòu)解題完形填空會有個別設空是考查在語境中靈活運用所學語法和句法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力，辨析同義詞、近義詞的能力。正確分析句子的語法成分和結(jié)構(gòu)，具備扎實的詞匯基礎(chǔ)知識是解題的關(guān)鍵。解析：53題考查詞義辨析。四個詞都可以修飾eyes，但通過thanked我們可推知應是感動得眼睛濕潤(watery)了，故選B。54題考查句法結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞for后面為賓語從句，引導詞引導賓語從句且在從句中作need的賓語，應用代詞whatever，故選B。[典例1](2015·全國卷Ⅰ)Whenwehandedhimthebagof52.food,helitupandthankeduswith__53__eyes.WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor__54__hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.53.A.sleepy B.wateryC.curious D.sharp54．A.whoever B．whatever

C．whichever D．wheneverI閱讀下面短文，用豎線把每句隔開；II快速瀏覽下列單詞及短語（限時：3分鐘），辨別詞義并標出詞性；III完成題目。Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?School?Afriend?Atutor?Theseareall21placesoflearning.Butitmaywellbethatthelearningyoureallywant22somewhereelseinstead.Ihadthe23ofseeingthisfirsthandona24.Mydaughterplaysonarecreationalsoccerteam.Theydidwellthisseasonandso25atournament,whichnormallywasonlyformoreskilledclubteams.Thisledtosome26experiencesonSaturdayastheyplayedagainstteams27trained.Throughthefirsttwogames,her28didnotgetoneseriousshotongoal.Asaparent,I29seeingmydaughterplayingherbest,30stilldefeated.Itseemedthatsomethingclickedwiththe31betweenSaturdayandSunday.Whenthey32fortheirSundaygame,theywere33different.Theyhadbeguntointegrate(融合)thekindsofplayandteamworktheyhad34thedaybeforeintotheir35.Theyplayedaggressivelyand36scoredagoal.It37methatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreat38momentforallthegirlsontheteam.Ithinkitisageneralprinciple.39isthebestteacher.Thelessonstheylearnedmaynotbe40whattheywouldhavegotteninschool,butarecertainlymorepersonalandmeaningful,becausetheyhadtoworkthemoutontheirown.21.A.public B.traditionalC.official D.special22.A.passes B.worksC.liesD.ends23.A.dream B.idea C.habit D.chance24.A.trip B.holidayC.weekendD.square25.A.won B.enteredC.organizedD.watched26.A.painful B.strangeC.commonD.practical27.A.less B.poorlyC.newlyD.better28.A.fans B.tutorsC.classD.team29.A.imaginedB.hated C.avoidedD.missed30.A.if B.or C.but D.as31.A.girls B.parentsC.coachesD.viewers32.A.dressed B.showedupC.madeupD.planned33.A.slightly B.hardlyC.basicallyD.completely34.A.seen B.knownC.heardD.read35.A.styles B.trainingC.game D.rules36.A.even B.still C.seldomD.again37.A.confused B.struck C.reminded D.warned38.A.touching B.thinking C.encouraging D.learning39.A.Experience B.Independence C.Curiosity D.Interest40.A.harmfulto B.mixedwith C.differentfrom D.appliedto作者通過看女兒參加的一場足球錦標賽。發(fā)出感慨，學校的學習固然重要，但實踐和經(jīng)驗才是最好的老師。Topic:Type:Mainidea:Keywords&sentences:社會生活夾敘夾議(narrationinterspersedwithcomments）I，Mydaughter

playsonarecreational

soccerteamWheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?theyhadtoworkthemoutontheirown.人稱：事件：開頭：結(jié)尾：21.A.public B.traditionalC.official D.special22.A.passes B.worksC.liesD.ends23.A.dream B.idea C.habit D.chance24.A.trip B.holidayC.weekendD.square25.A.won B.enteredC.organizedD.watched26.A.painful B.strangeC.commonD.practical27.A.less B.poorlyC.newlyD.better28.A.fans B.tutorsC.classD.team29.A.imaginedB.hated C.avoidedD.missed30.A.if B.or C.but D.as31.A.girls B.parentsC.coachesD.viewers32.A.dressed B.showedupC.madeupD.planned33.A.slightly B.hardlyC.basicallyD.completely34.A.seen B.knownC.heardD.read35.A.styles B.trainingC.game D.rules36.A.even B.still C.seldomD.again37.A.confused B.struck C.reminded D.warned38.A.touching B.thinking C.encouraging D.learning39.A.Experience B.Independence C.curiosity D.Interest40.A.harmfulto B.mixedwith C.differentfrom D.appliedtoadj.v.n.n.v.adj.adv.n.v.conj.n.v.adv.v.n.adv.v.v.n.adj.21.A.publicB.traditionalC.official D.special22.A.passesB.worksC.liesD.ends23.A.dreamB.idea C.habit D.chance24.A.trip B.holidayC.weekendD.square25.A.won B.enteredC.organizedD.watched公眾的傳統(tǒng)的官方的特別的傳遞起作用在于結(jié)束夢想想法習慣機會旅行假期周末廣場贏進入組織觀看

詞性adj.v.n.n.v.26.A.painfulB.strangeC.commonD.practical27.A.less B.poorlyC.newlyD.better28.A.fans B.tutorsC.classD.team29.A.imaginedB.hated C.avoidedD.missed30.A.if B.orC.but D.as詞性adj.adv.n.v.conj.痛苦的奇怪的普通的實用的少于差地新地更好地粉絲家庭教師班隊想象討厭避免想念，錯過如果或者但是因為31.A.girls B.parentsC.coachesD.viewers32.A.dressedB.showedupC.madeupD.planned33.A.slightlyB.hardlyC.basicallyD.completely34.A.seen B.knownC.heardD.read35.A.stylesB.trainingC.gameD.rules詞性女孩父母教練觀眾給…穿衣出現(xiàn)編造，組成計劃輕微地幾乎不基本地完全地看到知道聽到讀風格訓練比賽規(guī)則n.v.adv.v.n.36.A.even B.still C.seldomD.again37.A.confusedB.struck C.remindedD.warned38.A.touchingB.thinking C.encouragingD.learning39.A.ExperienceB.IndependenceC.CuriosityD.Interest40.A.harmfultoB.mixedwithC.differentfromD.appliedto甚至仍然很少又，再困惑擊打提醒警告觸摸想鼓勵學習經(jīng)歷獨立；好奇興趣對…有傷害混合不同于應用于詞性adv.v.v.n.adj.Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?School?Afriend?Atutor?Theseareall

21

placesoflearning.Butitmaywellbethatthelearningyoureallywant

22

somewhereelseinstead.Ihadthe

23

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24

.Mydaughterplaysonarecreationalsoccerteam.Theydidwellthisseasonandso

25

atournament,whichnormallywasonly

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experienceso