2023屆北京市八十中高考臨考沖刺英語試卷含解析

2023高考英語模擬試卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。

2.答題時(shí)請按要求用筆。

3,請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。

4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。

5.保持卡面清潔，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。

第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

1.Allcolorfades,undertheimpactofdirectsunlight.

A.especiallyB.eventually

C.appropriatelyD.merely

2.LeadersofmanycountrieshavebeentryingtowhatitisthatmakesChinadevelopsofastinrecentyears.

A.carryoutB.figureout

C.watchoutD.makeout

3.Sofar,morethan1300hotelsinEurope,Africa,MiddleEastregionhavecommittedtointheevent,with

manymoretojointheeffort.

A.participating;expectingB.participate;toexpect

C.participating;expectedD.participate;tobeexpected

4.—Hemadeanapologybeblamedwhathehaddone.

—It'sreallywiseofhim.

A.soastonot;ofB.inordertonot;for

C.soasnotto;forD.inordernotto;of

5.Whydoesshealwaysdrivetoworkshecouldeasilytakethetrain?

A.unlessB.until

C.beforeD.when

6.—ThankyouverymuchforgivingmeahandwhenIwasintrouble.

—Don'tmentionit.Ionlydidwhatanyoneelseinmyplace.

A.mustdoB.couldhavedone

C.woulddoD.canhavedone

7.MarybecamehomesickandcriticaloftheUnitedStates,soshefledfromherhomeinWestBloomfieldtoher

hometowninAustria.

A.completelyB.sincerely

C.approximatelyD.increasingly

8.Advertisingisdifferentfromotherformsofcommunicationinthattheadvertiserpaysforthemessage?

A.todeliverB.deliveredC.tobedeliveredD.delivering

9.Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrow,whenacoldfronttoarrive.

A.isexpectedB.isexpecting

C.expectsD.willbeexpected

10.—HowdidyoulikeJohn'sexhibitionofpaintingslastweekend?

一Totellyouthetruth,hispaintingsdidn'tmemuch.

A.refertoB.appealtoC.belongtoD.occurto

11.IamabetterreaderthisyearthanIwaslastyearbecauseItohundredsofnewconceptsandideas.

A.haveexposedB.hadbeenexposedC.havebeenexposedD.wasexposed

12.Marylikedtolookbackonherhigh—schooldays,shethoughtwerethehappiestinherlife.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when

13.—Didyouenjoytheparty?

—Yes.Wewellbyourhosts.

A.weretreatedB.wouldbetreated

C.treatedD.hadtreated

14.Theforeignersherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthatpeoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor

newTianjin.

A./;aB./;the

C.a;aD.the;the

15.Personallyspeaking,thegrandblueprintintorealityisalongprocess.

A.turningB.turn

C.turnedD.havingturned

16.Communicationcanhelpyougainmorerespectfromyourparents,andyoumaybeabletoreachthatmake

everyonehappy.

A.compromisesB.contributionsC.congratulationsD.competitions

17.Studentsarealwaysinterestedinfindingouttheycangowithanewteacher.

A.howfarB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howlong

18.Thoughlackingthenecessaryworkingexperience,mycousingotthejobherconfidenceandflexibility.

A.intermsofB.inresponseto

C.byvirtueofD.withrespectto

19.Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencompared

withoftheirparents.

A.thoseB.oneC.thatD.it

20.-----Yourargumentis.1willnotletyoupass.

—Areyoukidding?

A.soundB.rational

C.liberalD.plain

第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

21.（6分）“Don'tanswerit,“IsaidtoSam.Ourdoorintheinnercityisconstantlyknockedon;ourprevious

doorinthesuburbsrarelyso.Samhasafull-timejobandcannotspendhisdaysansweringrequeststofixleakingbaths

orcarrycashtothebank.

SamopenedthedooranditwasMervin.

“There'sabirdonthesecondfloor,“hesaid.“It'sintrouble.”

SamfollowedMervinupstairs.MervinpointedandturnedtoletSamlook.Itwasapigeon,themostcommonofall

birds,thebirdmostlikelytofoul（弄臟）yournewlywashedcar.And

itwasn'tflyingaway.Itwasstampingincircles.AsSambenttolook,Mervincoughed,^Numbert、vo?”

Samaskedhimtorepeatthat."Numbertwo,“Mervinsaid.nThepigeonhasbeensittinginhisownnumbertwo,

andnowit'sstucktohisfoot.”

Ithadrainedforfivedays,andthebirdwasyoung.Itcouldhavebeenshelteringinawetnestofitsownwaste,

whichhadthendriedonitsfoot,preventingitfromflyingaway.Thepigeonmovedinafewmorecircles.Sambentto

takeanotherlook.Mervinsaid,“AHright,then.”andwalkedaway.

“Whydoeseveryonethinkyoumustsolvetheproblemsaroundhere?”IsaidtoSamwhenhereturnedwithhis

story.uIfsabird.Justleaveitonthestairs,andletnaturetakeitscourse."Samdidn'tagree.Thenhewenttothe

garageandemptiedthecardboardboxcontainingourimportedcampingmats.Hereturnedwiththegraypigeoninthe

box.Heshowedthebirdtoourchildrenandtheydecidedtokeepit.

Theyputitsfootinthewarmwaterbathandgotridofitswaste.Immediatelythepigeoneruptedinabombof

feathersandbeganflying.

1、Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheknocks?

A.Shefeltbored.B.Shewasfrightened.

C.Shegotexcited.D.Shewassurprised.

2、Whywasthepigeonmovingincircles?

A.Itwaslearningtofly.

B.Itwasbadlyinjured.

C.Itgotcaughtintherain.

D.Itwastrappedbyitswaste.

3、WhatdidSamusethecardboardboxtodo?

A.Shelterfromrain.

GiveittoMervin.

C.Washcampingmats.

D.Makeanestforthebird.

4、WhatcanwelearnaboutSamfromthetext?

A.Hewasbrave.B.Hewasclever.

C.Hewaswarm-hearted.D.Hewaseasy-going.

22.（8分）Thenexttimeyourbrainrefusestorecallasimplefactorname,bethankful.Thatcouldbeasignthat

yourbrainisgettingridofunnecessaryinformationsothatitcanoperatemoreefficiently,andhelpyoumakebetter

decisions.

Theresearcherssaytherearenumerousneurobiological（神經(jīng)生物學(xué)的）studiesconductedonhowthebrainstores

information,aprocesscalledpersistence（暫留）.However,scientistsalsoassumedthatouroccasionalinabilitytorecall

factswasduetoaareanthebrain.In2013,scientistsdiscoveredthatasnewneuronscombinewiththehippocampus（海

馬區(qū)）——aregionofthebrainthatplaysasignificantroleinlearningandremembering-一theyoverwriteoldmemories,

makingthemhardertoaccess.Thereisalsoevidencethatthebrainweakensorremovesconnectionsbetweenneurons,

inwhichmemoriesareencoded.Thescientistshaveatheoryonwhythebrainspendssomuchenergyerasingmemories.

Theysaywhatthebraindecidestoforgetisdeterminedbyourdailylife.Anexampleisthatourbrainsrememberphone

numbersaccordingtotheneed.Insteadofstoringthisirrelevantinformationthatourphonescanstoreforus,our

brainsarefreeduptostorethememoriesthatactuallydomatterforus.Theyalsobelievethatmemorizingtoomuch

detailcouldpreventusfrommakinggooddecisions.

Sothenexttimeyouareunabletorecallaseeminglyimportantfact,don'tbehardonyourself.Justthrowitto

yourbrain's"rubbishcan”tomakeroomforinformationthatcancontributetomakingyousmarter!Remember,even

AlbertEinsteinwasabsent-minded!

1、Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Persistenceisnotaprocesstostoreinformation

B.Onceinformationisstoredinthebrain,itwilllastforever

C.Learningandmemorizingtakeplaceinthehippocampus

D.Newneuronswillstrengthenoldmemories

2、Thebrainhastoerasememoriesto,

A.recallimportantinformation

B.storemoreimportantinformation

C.storedetail

D.rememberphonenumbers

3^Ifsomeunimportantinformationisstored,itwillbe.

A.combinedwiththehippocampus

B.processedandmemorizedpermanently

C.storedanddecodedimmediately

D.removedandforgottensoon

4、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Scientistsencourageustoforgetthings

B.Thewayourbrainsmemorizeandencode

C.Forgettingthingsmaymakeyousmarter

D.WhywasAlbertEinsteinabsent-minded?

23.（8分）Whatwereyoulikeasateenager?Iwasanightmare.Iwasrudetomyparents,alwaysstayedout

late,neverdidmyhomework,hungoutwiththewrongpeopleandmadelotsofbaddecisions.Apparently,thisistheage

whenteenagersareoutofcontrolandbehavebadly.Maybe,ifyou'reateenagernow,youthinkthisisunfaircriticism

orifsnotyourfault.Well,youmightberight!

Expertshavefoundthatit'sateenager'sbrainthatistoblame.Behveentheagesofapproximately13to19—a

periodknownasadolescence-thebrainisstilldevelopinginareasthatcontrolbehavior.Thishasaninfluenceon

learningandmultitasking（同時(shí)做多件事情）,stressandmemory,sleep,addiction,anddecision-making.Forparents,

theseconsequencesoftenmanifestthemselvesinavarietyofbehaviorsthattheymayhavepreviouslyblamedon

hormonesorjustmoodiness（喜怒無常）.

Thisisquiteanewdiscovery,accordingtoProfessorSarah-JayneBlakemore,who,speakingontheBBCradio

programTheLifeScientific,says,“whenIwasatuniversity,thedogma（教條）inthetextbookswasthatthevast

majorityofbraindevelopmentgoesoninthefirstfewyearsoflifeandnothingmuchchangesaftermid-childhood.That

dogmaiscompletelyfalse.99

AccordingtoProfessorSarah-JayneBlakemore,students'notbeingabletogettheirhomeworkdoneontimehas

somethingtodowithourprefrontalcortex—thafsthepartofourbrainrightatthefront,justbehindtheforehead.She

says,66ifsinvolvedinawholerangeofveryhigh-levelcognitive（認(rèn)知的）taskssuchasdecisionmakingand

planning-weknowthatthisregionisundergoingverylargeamountsofdevelopmentduringtheadolescentyears.”

Thisisthepartofthebrain,mainlyinvolvedinplanning,and,forateenager,thishasn'tdevelopedyet.Sogetting

organizedtodotheirhomework,forexample,cancomeasabitofachallenge.

IwishrdknownaboutthisbecauseinsteadoftellingmyteacherI'dleftmyhomeworkonthebusorthatthedog

hadeatenit.NowIcouldsay,“Sorrysir,mybrainisn'tdevelopedenoughforthecognitivetaskofplanningmy

homework.”

1、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Thegrowingpainsofteenagers.

B.Thedogmainthetexthookswasfalse.

C.Anewdiscoveryabouttheteenager'sbrain.

D.Thestudents9newchallengeofdoingtheirhomework.

2、Accordingtotheauthor,whyisitabitofchallengeforstudentstodotheirhomework?

A.Thestudentsaremoody.

B.Hormonesaretoblame.

C.Thereistoomuchhomework.

D.Thebrainsofthestudentshaven'tbeendeveloped.

3、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmanifestmean?

A.Develop.B.Show.

C.Abandon.D.Experience.

4、Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.Thevastmajorityofbraindoesn'tdevelopaftermid-childhood.

B.Allofthestudentsarenightmaresforparentsduringadolescence.

C.Prefrontalcortexisundergoinglargeamountsofdevelopmentduringchildhood.

D.Theprefrontalcortexhassomethingtodowithmanyhigh-levelcognitivetasks.

24.（8分）Theclockisticking.DavidBrunellihasjustswallowedahugeburger.Thecrowdcheersexcitedlyas

hedownsfistfulsoffries.

Welcometotheworldofcompetitiveeating.

Brunelliispartofaselectgroupwhocompetetoeatmassivequantitiesoffoodasquicklyaspossible.Eating

contestsmayseemlikeharmlessfun,buttheyhaveadarksideandsomecriticsaresayingifstimeforthemtostop.

Pouringcrazyamountsoffooddownourthroatsisnothingnew.Gorgingbanquets（狼吞虎咽會）wasaregular

partofancientRomanculture.Inthe1800s,someNewYorkCitypoliticianssettledbetsthrougheatingchallenges.

Pie-eatingcontestshavebeenaFourthofJulytraditionformorethanacentury.

ForsupporterslikeBrunelli,though,eatingcontestsaremorethanacustom.Theyareapathtofortune.

Butprizemoneydoesnothingtoreducethehealthrisksofcompetitiveeating.Competitiveeatingcanevenbe

life-threatening.In1991,amaninVirginiasufferedastroke（中風(fēng)）aftereating38eggsin29seconds;InFlorida,in

2012,amandiedshortlyafterwinninganeatingcontestleadingagroupofdoctorstocallforabanoneatingcontests.

Inanyevent,therisktocompetitorsisonlypartofthestory.Nearlytwo-thirdsofAmericansareoverweight,and

competitiveeatingsetsaterribleexamplebyencouragingovereating.Andinaworldwhere805millionpeoplego

hungryeveryday,downingridiculousquantitiesoffoodforentertainmentseemsnotjustwastefulbutalsocruel.

Fornow,though,itseemseatingcontestsareheretostay.Lastyear,morethanthreemillionviewerswatched

Nathan'sFamousHotDogEatingContestonTV.Thisyear,MattStonieate182piecesofbaconin5minutes,breaking

theworldrecord.

Whatrecordwillbebrokennext?Doyoureallywanttofindout?

1、WhatdoestheauthortrytoexpressinParagraph4?

A.Competitiveeatingisatradition.

B.It'sgreattolearnfromancientpeople.

C.Competitiveeatingshouldbeaccepted.

D.It'sexcitingtochallengeotherstoeat.

2、WhydoesBrunellitakepartintheeatingcontest?

A.Forfood.B.Forfun.

C.Forhonor.D.Formoney.

3、TheexamplesgiveninParagraph6areusedtoshoweatingcontests.

A.useunhealthyfood

B.wastetoomuchfood

C.putcompetitorsatrisk

D.setabadexampletokids

4^Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theauthorhopestobreaktherecord.

B.Theauthoriseagertoknowtheresult.

C.Theauthorwantsreaderstofindouttheresult.

D.Theauthordisapprovesofcompetitiveeating.

25.（10分）Fei-FeiLiarrivedintheU?S.fromChinaatage16withmanybigdreams.Andittookmanyunusual

jobstohelpherachievethem.Luckily,shewassmartandextremelydriven.Andtoday,she'sthedirectorofStanford

University'sartificialintelligencelab.

MAsoneoftheleadersintheworldforA.L?,Ifeelmuchexcitementandresponsibilitytocreatethemostawesome

andexcellenttechnologyforsocietyandtoeducatethemostawesomeandexcellenttechnologists—thafsmycalling.MLi

said.

Sheisalsoaloyaladvocatefordiversityinthetechindustry.

“IseeextremelytalentedStanfordPhDstudentsstrugglingwiththeirvisasandIfinditunthinkablethatwecreate

somanybarriersforthetalentsoftheworld”,Lisaid.WhileLiwasincollegeatPrinceton,sheborrowedmoneyfrom

friendsandevenherhighschoolmathteachertorunadry-cleaningbusinessforherparentsinordertohelpthemget

by.Liattendedclassesduringtheweekandworkedatthebusinessontheweekends.Then,whenLiwasingraduate

school,hermomdevelopedcancerandhadastroke（中風(fēng)）?“Itwasdifficulttokeepmovingaheadwhileallofthiswas

happening.Therealexistentialchallengeistoliveuptoyourfullestpotential,liveuptoyoursenseofresponsibilityand

tobehonesttoyourselfaboutyourdreamswhiledoingit,“shesaid.

LiwasnamedaGreatImmigrantof2016bytheCarnegieCorporation,thenation'soldestgrantmaking

foundationwhichhonorsroughly40naturalizedU?S.citizenseachyear.Hergraduatestudiesweresupportedbythe

Paul&DaisySorosFellowshipsforNewAmericans.

1、WhatdoweknowaboutFei-FeiLiaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.ShewasbornintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.

B.Shehasmademanyofherdreamscometrue.

C.Sheworkedveryhardbecauseshe'snotgifted.

D.She'snowdoingresearchesonAIinChina.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"calling”inParagraph2referto?

A.Interestintechnology.B.Desiretohelp.

C.Creativityinscience.D.Senseofduty.

3、WhatwasFei-FeiLi'slifelikebeforeshegraduatedfromuniversity?

A.Shehadbeenstrugglingwithhervisa.

B.Bothherparentssufferedfromillness.

C.Herfamilywasfacedwithatightbudget.

D.Itwasdifficultforhertoattendclasses.

4、Fei-FeiLihasachievedsuccessbecause.

A.herawarenessofherdutyandgoalsmadeadifference

B.anAmericanfoundationgavehersupport

C.theCarnegieCorporationnamedheraGreatImmigrant

D.shewasluckyenoughtoborrowmoneyfromothers

第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、

C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).

26.（30分）Wishingtoencourageheryoungson'sprogressonthepiano,amothertookherboytoaPaderewskiconcert.

Aftertheywere1,themotherspottedafriendintheaudienceandwalkeddownthepassagetogreether.

Seizingthe2toexplorethewondersoftheconcerthall,thelittleboyroseand3exploredhiswaythrougha

doormarked“NOADMITTANCE.99Whenthehouselightsdimmedandtheconcertwasabouttobegin,themother

returnedtoherseatand4thatthechildwasmissing.

Suddenly,thecurtainspartedandspotlightsfocusedontheimpressiveSteinwayonstage.In5,themothersaw

herlittleboysittingatthekev-board,6pickingoutTwinkle,TwinkleLittleStar.

Atthatmoment,thegreatpianomastermadehis7,quicklymovedtothepiano,and8intheboy'sear,

“Don'tquit.Keepplaying?9

Then9over,Paderewskireacheddownwithhislefthandandbeganfillinginabasspart.Soonhisrightarm

reachedaroundtotheothersideofthechildandheaddedarunningobbligato（伴奏）.Together,theoldmasterandthe

youngnovice（beginner）transformedafrighteningsituationintoawonderfully10experience.Theaudiencewas

strongly11

That'sthewayitisinlife.Whatwecanaccomplish（實(shí)現(xiàn)）onourownishardly12Wetryourbest,butthe13

aren'texactlygracefulflowingmusic.ButwhenwetrustinthehandsofaGreaterPower,ourlife'swork14can

bebeautiful.

Nexttimeyousetoutto15greatachievements,listencarefully.YoucanhearthevoiceoftheMaster,whisperingin

yourear,"Don'tquit.Keepplaying.”

1、A.seatedB.satC.dressedD.rested

2、A.factB.difficultyC.opportunityD.risk

3、A.actuallyB?occasionallyC.fortunatelyD.eventually

4^A.discoveredB.toldC.acceptedD.offered

5、A.joyB.trustC.horrorD.pleasure

6、A.quicklyB.personallyC.generallyD.innocently（純潔地）

7、A.entranceB.disappearanceC.arrangementD.opening

8、A.shoutedB.repeatedC.promisedD.whispered

9、A.turningB.bendingC.risingD.handing

10、A.creativeB.effectiveC.annoyingD.fearing

11、A.addicted（入了迷的）B.invitedC.attackedD.attracted

12^A.abnormal（反常的）B.remarkable（卓越的）C.unimportantD.ordinary

13^A.goalsB.intentionsC.resultsD.purposes

14、A.luckilyB.trulyC.slightlyD.fortunately

15、A.overcomeB.enjoyC.accomplishD.become

第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

27.（15分）ThanksgivinginCanadaiscelebratedonthesecondMondayofOctobereachyearandifsanofficial

statutoryholiday—LinPEI,Newfoundland,NewBrunswickandNovaScotia—howeverfederallyregulated

institutionsdoobserveThanksgivinginthose2,（province）too.IntheUSthanksgivingis3,fourthThursdayin

November.

The（origin）ideaistogivethanksforthepastharvestseasonbutformanyCanadianfamiliesthetradition

5,（change）overtimeandthefocusisnowtogettogetherwithfamilyandeatalargeturkeydinner.Appleciderisa

mustforanytraditionalthanksgiving6?（celebrate）aswellasturkeystuffingandpumpkinpie.

ThefirstThanksgivingholidaywas7.（actual）heldinCanadain1872tocelebratetherecoveryofthePrinceof

Walesfromaseriousillness.After1879celebrationswereheldeveryyearbutnotalwaysinOctober—itusedtobe

observedaroundArmisticeDayinNovember,

AttheCrawfordLakeconservationarea（Milton,ON）apatharoundthelakehaspicturesandshortstoriesof

nativepeopleandtheircelebrations.Oneofthestories8^_（be）aboutthanksgiving;itstartswiththissentence,"reads

^ThanksgivingtonativeIndianswasawayofeverydayliferatherthanaone-daycelebration."Takeafewminutes

10.（think）aboutthisquote.

第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）

28.（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

IhavelearnedEnglishformanyyears,butIdon,thavearealchancespeakbeforeforeigners、Lastweek,Ihappened

tomeettheforeigner%HebadlyneededmyhelpandIfeltsoexciting、OnMonday,Iwenttotheflowersshoptobuya

flowerformyfriendMary,becauseshewasill、Iwasgoingtothehospitaltoseehim、Intheshopaforeignerandthe

bosswashavingaconversation,sothebossdidn't