天合光能海上光伏組件白皮書 2023

目錄11在國家新能源政策驅(qū)動(dòng)下,我國各沿海省份積極響應(yīng)黨中央實(shí)現(xiàn)“雙沿海地區(qū)電力消耗較大,新能源發(fā)展受限于土地資源約束(集中式電站涉及土地征用,分布式光伏貢獻(xiàn)不足);沿海省市海洋資源豐富,海上光伏和海上風(fēng)電協(xié)同發(fā)展能夠有效優(yōu)化投資成本(海纜、變電設(shè)施等);海上光伏還可以與水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖結(jié)合,可提高論上看,可安裝海上光伏超過100GW,市場(chǎng)前景12下降,壽命縮短。01021313而下降,超過500m后,鹽霧沉降量下降緩慢,在離海2000m范圍內(nèi),鹽霧沉降量在60mg.m-2.d-1。R雙鍍膜玻璃:H2oCaSio3MgSio3雙層阻隔Na2Sio3Na+建議:連接器雙重防護(hù)連接器防塵塞:400050010001500離海距離(m)離海距離(m)連接器雙重防護(hù):離海距離示意圖:DEG19RC.20)DEG19RC.20)建議:連接器雙重防護(hù)安裝形式:漂浮式海上光伏組件方案:天合雙玻產(chǎn)品離海距離:樁基固定式(灘涂)尺寸(mm)開路電壓(V)匯流箱(含施工)連接器(含施工)光伏線纜(含施工)低壓直流線纜(含施工)接地線(含施工)尺寸(mm)開路電壓(V)匯流箱(含施工)連接器(含施工)光伏線纜(含施工)低壓直流線纜(含施工)接地線(含施工)橋架(含施工)電纜溝(含施工)結(jié)構(gòu)成本(樁露出5.5m)(￥/W)光伏支架(含施工)樁基礎(chǔ)(含施工)功率(W)BL0.06310.0331因海洋環(huán)境的特殊性,海上光伏項(xiàng)目有其自身特點(diǎn)。首先,在海上光伏的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景中,海域廣闊,無遮擋,比較適合長陣列支架的布置;其次,外海水深浪大,風(fēng)力條件復(fù)雜,且北方還需考慮結(jié)冰影響,固定式光伏項(xiàng)目樁基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)較長,樁型較大,基礎(chǔ)材料及施工成本相較陸上光伏,均高出很多;此外,海洋環(huán)境對(duì)材料的1.采用紅外干擾,避免鳥類靠近;2.使用特殊頻率波段的聲波干擾,避免鳥類靠近;1.管樁架高,組件下沿位置高于50年—遇的波高;050614.機(jī)械載荷:KGKG動(dòng)載循環(huán)1)組件邊框增加壁厚,減小力臂,選擇合適的螺栓墊片,并嚴(yán)格按照用戶手冊(cè)進(jìn)行安裝,保證扭矩(mm)c寬度(mm)c厚度(mm)c-d距離(mm)(S)螺紋處過盈配合,風(fēng)速(m/s)3)浙江嘉興戶外實(shí)證基地:2022年經(jīng)歷臺(tái)風(fēng)“梅花”登陸,中心風(fēng)力達(dá)到14級(jí),210組件完好無損。.高溫高濕:1)加嚴(yán)DH測(cè)試:至尊雙玻組件通過DH3000測(cè)試,EL無異常,功率衰減僅1.31%;2)加嚴(yán)plD測(cè)試:至尊雙玻組件通過濕熱水浸plD測(cè)試,并通過Arrhenius(阿倫尼烏斯)方程進(jìn)行修正,在30年海上使用生命周plD測(cè)試設(shè)備(60℃、75℃、85℃,3.5%鹽水浸泡plD)65℃、75℃、85℃,3AccelerationfactorevevevevEa=12evEa=12evvv.vAcceleratedstresslevelT(℃).鹽霧腐蝕:TableA.1-Simpli?edguidancefordeterminingcorrosivityclassi?cationsaccordingtoISO9223andtestmethodscorrelatingtoone-yearcorrosivitybasedonmasslossofsteelcouponsCorrosivityclassi?cationofmodulelocationLocationcharacteristicsone-yearmasslossrange(g/m2)ofbaresteelcoupons60068-2-52testmethodachievingsimilarone-yearcorrosivityDistancefromsaltwater(km)PercentageTime(testingperthisdocumentnotnecessary)----<10none(testingperthisdocumentnotnecessary)≥10<25%10-2002,3≥102to10≥25%<25%200-4004(14days)2to10<2≥25%<25%400-6501(28days)5(28days)<2≥25%600-15006(56days)ofshore--1500-55007(90days)8(70days)鹽霧測(cè)試方法參照下表:Table1-Testcyclesfortestmethods1to8TestmethodsDetailsofthecyeleRecommendednumberofcyclesTestmethod1SaltmistHumidcondition35℃±2K2h40℃40℃±2K6dayand22honecycle=7daysInthecaseofmanualhandling,thetransitiontime(max.2h)shouldbeincludedinthehumidconditionperiodof6daysand22h.4cycles(28days)Testmethod2Saltmist35℃±2K2hHumidcondition40Saltmist35℃±2K2hHumidcondition40℃±2K93%±3%RH22honecycle=1daysInthecaseofmanualhandling,thetransitiontime(max.2h)shouldbeincludedinthehumidconditionperiodof22h.Testmethod3Saltmist35℃±2K2hHumidcondition40℃Saltmist35℃±2K2hHumidcondition40℃±2K93%±3%RH22hStandardatmosphere23℃±2K50%±5%RHRepeat4timesonecycle=7daysInthecaseofmanualhandling,thetransitiontime(max.2h)shouldbeincludedinthehumidconditionperiodof22handstandardatmosphereperiodof3days.Testmethod4Testmethod54cycles(28days)Testmethod68cycles(56days)Testmethod7Saltmist35℃±2KSaltmist35℃±2K2hHumidcondition50℃±2K≥95%RH2hDrycondition60℃±2K≤30%RH4honecycle=8hThetransitiontimes(timeallowedtoreachthetemperatureandrelativehumidityspeci?edforaconditionafterchangingtothatcondition)arewithin30minorbetween30minand60minfromsaltmisttodrycondition,within15minorbetween15minand30minfromdryconditiontohumidconditionandwithin30minfromhumidconditiontosaltmist.Thosetransitiontimesshallbeincludedinnextconditionperiod.3,6,12,30,45,60,90,150,180(1,2,4,10,15,20,30,50,60days)Testmethod8NoTEThe±tolerancesgivenfortemperatureandrelativehumidityaretheallowableluctuationswhicharede?nedasthepositiveandnegativedeviationsfromthesetingofthesensorattheoperationalcontrolsetpointduringequilibriumconditions.Thisdoesnotmeanthatthesetvaluecanvarybyplus/minustheamountindicatedfromthegivenvalue.性不同,連接位置易出現(xiàn)電化學(xué)反應(yīng)(犧牲陽極,保護(hù)陰極),造成安裝孔脆化,安裝強(qiáng)度下降,支架也出現(xiàn)不同程度腐蝕。同(運(yùn)行9年)1)光伏組件邊框氧化膜厚度≥15μm,光伏支架鍍鋅層加厚,安裝螺栓采用特殊絕緣涂層(如達(dá)克羅,OTC涂層等)處理,避2)安裝完成后,連接位置進(jìn)行噴漆等防護(hù)。1516風(fēng)光同場(chǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì):海上漂浮式光伏可以使用海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)內(nèi)閑置的海域空間;海上光伏可與海上風(fēng)電復(fù)用電纜和輸電線路設(shè)備;.海上能源島