4-現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)vs過(guò)去完成時(shí) 課件-2024屆中考英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

中考復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)vs過(guò)去完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句:主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞Ihavefinishedmyhomework.HehasbeentoAustralia.

否定句:主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework.Hehasn’tbeentoAustralia.一般疑問(wèn)句:Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞?Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Hashe

beentoAustralia?

簡(jiǎn)略回答:

Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.

或No,主語(yǔ)+have/has+not.---Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.

---Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.用法表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間，到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成，并給現(xiàn)在留下某種影響或結(jié)果。Wehavealreadyplantedmanytrees.ShehasvisitedChinarecently.Mybrotherhasgonetothemuseum.Herparentshavebeentothehopsitaltoseethesickchildren.

此用法常與already,yet,recently,once，twice，threetimes,never,ever等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。“havebeento+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)”與“havegoneto+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)”的區(qū)別：

“havebeento+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)”表示去過(guò)了某地，已經(jīng)回來(lái)了“havegoneto+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)”表示去了某地，還沒(méi)回來(lái)IhavebeentoShanghaimanytimes.TheirdaughterhasgonetoAmerica.表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始，繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能繼續(xù)下去，也可能剛剛結(jié)束。Ihavelivedhereforthirtyyears.HehasbeeninSingaporesincetenyearsago.Shehasn’tfinishedreadingthebookyet,soshecan’treturnittothelibrary.此用法常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段，inrecentyears，inthepastyears，sofar，uptonow等。易錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中通常不與表示時(shí)間段的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子連用，但在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用。肯定句中若有表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Ihaven’tboughtanythingfortwomonths.Ihavehadthebookfortwomonths.Mysonhasjoinedthearmy.Mysonhasbeeninthearmyforoneyear.典型句型：Itisthefirst/second/thirdtime+從句（從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）It’sthefirsttimeIhavebeentoThailand.It’sthesecondtimeHehasreadthenovel.中考真題MissBrown,we______cleaningourclassroom.Canwegohomenow?(廣東廣州）A.finishB.finishingC.arefinishedD.havefinished答案：D解析：句意：布朗老師，我們打掃完了教室。我們現(xiàn)在可以回家嗎？題意為“已經(jīng)打掃完了”，因此選用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。---Isyourfatherinnow?---No,he________toFanChangjiangMemorialwithhisfriends.(四川內(nèi)江）A.hasbeenB.hasgoneC.willgoD.went答案：B解析：句意：---你爸爸現(xiàn)在在家嗎？---不，他和朋友去范長(zhǎng)江紀(jì)念館了。題意表明“去了還沒(méi)回來(lái)”，因此選用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)hasgoneto。

過(guò)去完成時(shí)

2基本結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句:主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞Ihadfinishedmyhomework.HehadbeentoAustralia.

否定句:主語(yǔ)+had+not+過(guò)去分詞Ihadn’tfinishedmyhomework.Hehadn’tbeentoAustralia.一般疑問(wèn)句:Had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞?Hadyoufinishedyourhomework?Hadhe

beentoAustralia?

簡(jiǎn)略回答:

Yes,主語(yǔ)+had.

或No,主語(yǔ)+had+not.---Yes,Ihad./No,Ihadn’t.

---Yes,hehad./No,hehadn’t.用法表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。BythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.WhenIgottoschool,IrealizedIhadleftmybackpackathome.ThemoviehadstartedbeforeIarrivedatthecinema.

此用法常與by,before等構(gòu)成的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)連用，也可與when,before等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。Bythetimetheteachercame,we__________cleaningtheclassroom.（黑龍江綏化）

A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinished中考真題答案：C解析：句意：老師來(lái)之前，我們已經(jīng)打掃完了教室。題中bythetime引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句采用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此主語(yǔ)選用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。1.Giftshop________whenwegotthere.

A.closesB.closedC.hadbeen

closedD.hasbeenclosed2.I______scaredofdogseversinceadoghurtmewhenIwasfiveyearsold.A.willbeB.wasC.havebeenD.wouldbe3.Mygrandparents______forover50yearsandtheyloveeachotherverymuch.A.havebeenmarriedB.gotmarriedC.weremarriedD.havegotmarried4.---Iwenttovisityoulastnight,butyouweren’tathome.---I_____mydoginthepark.I______thisdogforfouryearsandit’sverysmart.

A.waswalking;havehad

B.walked;bought

C.waswalking;haveboughtD.walked;havehad5.Inthepastfewyears,greatchanges______inmyhometown.A.takeplaceB.tookplaceC.havetakenplaceD.havebeentakenplace6.I____thebookTreasureIsland,butI’llletyoureaditfirst.A.haven’treadB.don’treadC.won’treadD.isn’treading7.Thetrain______beforeIreachedthestation.

A.wasleaving

B.leftC.leavesD.hadleft8.BythetimeIarrivedatmyoffice,IrealizedI______mykeysathome.

A.leaves

B.hadleftC.wasleavingD.left

9.Whenthebellrang,we____