2004年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試試題-答案及題解衛(wèi)生類(C級(jí))試題

PAGEPAGE42004年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試試題、答案及題解衛(wèi)生類(C級(jí))試題第1部分：．詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。1Wearecertainthathewillgetoverhisillness．Asure BhappyCsurprised Dexcited2AresearchcenterhasbeensetupinthiscountryApraised BestablishedCreformed Dcriticized3Ifheadachesonlyoccuratnight，lackoffreshairisoftenthecauseAdeliverBfallChappenDarrive4Theiceisnotthickenoughtobeartheweightofatank．Asuffer BacceptCreceive Dendure5AsmallnumberoffirmshavestoppedtradingAhotelsBshopsCrestaurantsDcompanies6Inordertosurvivemanneedstoconsumefoodandwater．AworkBplayC1iveDwalk7Theresearchershavejustcompletedastudyofdrivingsituations．AstartedBfinishedCchanged Dmade8Itseemshighlyunlikelythatshewillpasstheexam.Avery BcompletelyCusuallyDmostly9Theirparentsoncelivedunderveryseverecondition。-AsoundBhardCstrictDtight10Michaelisnowmerelyagoodfriend．AlargelyBpossiblyCjustDrarely11Haveyoutalkedtoherlately?AlastlyBfinallyCshortlyDrecently12Whilewedon’tagree，wecontinuetobefriendsAWhoeverBWhereCAlthoughDWhatever13．Enormoussumsofmoneyhavebeenspentonspaceexploration．AMuchCSmallBLargeDFixed14AboutonemillionAmericansarediagnosed，annuallywithskincancerAeveryyearBseverelyCactively Deverymonth15Thepolicemanwrotedownalltheparticularsoftheaccident．AsecretsBdetailsCbenefits Dwords第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16~-22題，每題1分，共7分)閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑。StepBackinTimeDoyouknowthatwelivealotlongernowthanthepeoplewhowerebornbeforeus?Onehundredyearsagotheaveragewoman1ivedtobe45．Butnow，sheCanliveuntilatleast80．Oneofthemainreasonsforpeoplelivinglongeristhatweknowhowtolookafterourselvesbetter．WeknowwhichfoodsaregoodforUSandwhatwehavetoeattomakesureourbodiesgetallthehealthythingstheyneed．Weknowwhywesometimesgetillandwhattodotogetbetteragain．Andweknowhowimportantitistodolotsofexercisetokeepourheartsbeatinghealthily．Butinorderthatwedon’tslipbackintobadhabits，let’shavealookatwhatlifewaslike100yearsago．Familieshadbetween15and20children，athoughmanybabiesdidn’tlivelong．Childrensufferedfromlotsofdiseases，especiallyrickets(佝僂病)andscurvy(壞血病)，whicharebothcausedbybaddiets．Thisisbecausemanyfamilieswereverypoorandnotabletofeedtheirchildrenwell．ReallypoorfamilieswholivedincrowdedcitieslikeLondonandManchesteroftensleptstandingup,bendingoverapieceofstring，becausetherewasnoroomforthemtoliedown．Peopledidn’thavefridgesuntilthe1920s．Theykeptfreshfoodcoldbystoringitonwindowsills(窗臺(tái)板)，blocksofice，orevenburyingitinthegarden．Somechildrenhadtostartworkattheageofsevenoreightloearnmoneyfortheirparents．Ifyouhadlived100yearsago，youmightwellbesellingmatchsticks(火柴桿)(ajobdonebymanychildren)orworkingwithyourdadbynow．16Onaveragewomenlivedlongerthanmen100yearsago．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17Peoplenowenjoylongerlivesforunknownreasons．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Ahundredyearsagomanykidsdiedatallearlyage．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Poordietscanleadtosuchdiseasesasricketsandscurvy．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20PeopleinthepastpreferredstandinguptolyingdownwhensleepingARightBWrongCNotmentioned21AnEnglishmaninventedthefridgeinthe1920s．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22Lifewasnoteasyformanychildrenliving100yearsago．ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23~30題，每題1分，共8分)．閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1～4段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；(2)第27~-30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中DeathratesforcancerarefallingforallAmericans，butblackAmericansarestillmorelikelytodieofcancerthanwhites，theAmericanCancerSocietysaidMonday．Inaspecialreportoncancerandblacks．theorganizationsaidblacksareusuallydiagnosedwithcancerlaterthanwhites．a(chǎn)ndtheyaremorelikelytodieofthedisease．Thiscouldbebecauseofunequal(不平等的)accesstomedicalcare，becauseblacksaremorelikelytohaveotherdiseasesaswell，andperhapsbecauseofdifferencesinthebiology(生物學(xué))ofthecanceritself,thereportadded．“Ingeneral，blackAmericanshavelesshopeofsurvivingfiveyearsafterdiagnosisthanwhitesforallcancersitesandallstagesofdiagnosis,”thereportsaid．“IndescribingcancerstatisticsforblackAmericans，thisreportrecognizesthatmanyofthedifferencesassociatedwithracemaybecausedbyunfairsocialandeconomicdifferencesandunequalaccesstomedicalcare．”Thecancersocietysaidblacksshouldbeencouragedtogetcheck—ups(體格檢查)earlier,whencancerismoretreatable，anditsaidmoreresearchisneededtoseeifbiologicaldifferencesplayarole．“Thenewstatisticsemphasizethecontinuingimportanceofwipingouttheseunfairsocialdifferencesthroughpublicpolicyandeducationefforts，”theorganizationsaidinastatement．Butitalsonotedadropincancerdeathrates．“CancerdeathratesinbothsexesforallsitescombinedhavedroppedgreatlyamongblackAmericanssince1992，ashaveincidencerates(發(fā)生率)，”saidthereport．31BlackAmericansaremorelikelytodieofcancerthanApeopleinothercountries．BwhiteAmericans．Ca11otherAmericans．Dtheirancestors．32WhichmayNOTbeareasonforhighercancerdeathratesamongUSblacks?AUnequalaccesstomedicalcare．BGreaterprobabilityofhavingotherdiseases．CDifferencesinthebiologyofthecancer.DEarlydiagnosis．33CancerismoretreatableifitisdetectedAinanearlystage．Binalatestage．Callofasudden．Dtogetherwithotherdiseases．34PublicpolicyandeducationeffortsmayhelptodoawaywithAdeathrates．Bvariouscancers．Cunfairsocialdifferences．Dbiologicaldifferences．35Since1992，cancerdeathratesamongblackAmericansAhavebeengoingupanddown．Bhaveremainedstable．Chaveincreased．Dhavefallen.第二篇ADesertBetweenPaulandClaraPaulhadlongpromisedtomarryClara．Butatthirty·theehemetandmarriedAlice．Clarawasdrivenmad．Paulwastakentocourt．ThejudgeorderedhimtopayClara$600becauseofthebrokenpromise．Paulhadtoborrowthemoneyfromamoneylender．Heagreedtopayback$5amonth—fortwentyyears．Hiswagesatthetimewere$16amonth．PaulandAlicewerepoorbutnotunhappy．Theyhadlittleenoughfood，certainly，evenbeforethechildrenbegantoarrive．EachmonthPaulpaid$5tothemoneylender．Heworkedhard,nevertakingaholiday．Intime，thereweresevenmouthstofeed．Illnesswasalwayswiththem．Itgrewseriouswhentheoldestchildwaseight．Theyearsofhungerweakenedthefamily,becauseeachmonthPaulpaid$5．Thedetailsofthesicknesswereugly,buttheresultwasthis：aftertwelveyearsoffamilylife，Paulwasaloneintheworld.Helivedalone．exceptformemories．Workwasnotnowagodforhim：itwasapain-killer．Eachmonthhepaid，andintimethetwentyyearsended．Fromthatmomenthiswageswerehisown．Oneday,Itwasaholidaywenttotheseaside．Hesatdownonaseatbythesea．Amiddle．a(chǎn)gedwomancameandsatdownnearhim．Theyrecognizedeachotheratonce.Thewomansaid．“The$600hasbeeninthebanksincethedayitwaspaidtome．Itisnow$6，000，andIhavekeptitforyou．Willyouletmeshareitwithyou?”“No，”saidPaul，gently．“Eachthousandisalostlifeinadesertbetweenus.Itcanneverbringanyhappiness．”36PaulwasorderedtopayClara$600becauseAhehadborrowed$600fromher．Bhehadbrokenhiswordtomarryher．Chehadpromisedtogiveher$600．Dhehadspentalotofhermoney．37HowmanychildrendidPaulandAlicehave?ATwo.BFour.CFive.DEight.38Twelveyearsafterhismarriage，PaulwasApoorbutnotsad．Bverysick．Cfreefromdebt.Dlonelyandunhappy．39Afterhiswifeandchildrendied，PaulturnedtohisworktoAeasehispain．Bforgethisdebt．Cgetpleasure．Dseekfriendship．40WhenPaulmetClaraagain20yearslater,hedecidedAtosharethe$600withher．Bnottomarryher．Ctoaskbackthe$600．Dnottorefuseheroffer第三篇FlorenceNightingaleFlorenceNightingalewasborninFlorence，Italy，whileherwealthyEnglishparentsweretravelinginEurope．Asachild，shetraveledtomanyplaceswithherfamilyandlearnedhowtospeakseverallanguages．WhenNightingalewas17，shetoldherfamilythatshewasgoingtohelpsickpeople．Herparentsdidnotapprove，butNightingalewasdetermined．ShetraveledtohospitalsalloverEurope．Shesawthatdoctorswereworkingtoohard．Shesawthatpatientsdiedbecausetheydidnotgetenoughcare．Nightingalefeltthatwomencouldbedoingmoretohelpdoctorstakecareofsickpeople．Nightingaleknewthatinorderfornursestodomore，theyneededspecialtraininginhowtotakecareofsickpeople．NightingalewenttoahospitalinGermanytostudynursing．ThenshereturnedtoLondonandbecametheheadofagroupofwomencalledGentlewomenDuringIllness．Thesewomencaredforsickpeopleintheirhomes．In1854．EnglandwasfightingawarwithRussia．№reporterswroteabouttheterribleconditionsinthehospitalsthatcaredforthewounded．Peopledemandedthatsomethingbedoneaboutit．AleaderofthegovernmentaskedFlorenceNightingaletotakesomenursesintothewarhospitals．So，inNovember1854，Nightingalefinallygottoworkinahospital．Shetookalong38nurseswhomshehadtrainedherself．Atfirst．thedoctorsonthebattlefieldsdidnotwantNightingaleandhernursesintheirhospitals．Theydidnotbelievethatwomencouldhelp．Butinfact，thenursesdidmakeadifference．Theyworkedaroundtheclock，tendingthesick．Thankstotheirhardwork，manywoundedsoldierssurvived．Afterthewar,Nightingaleandhernursesweretreated1ikeheroes．。Finally，in1860，shestartedtheNightingaleSchoolforNurses．Intime，thankstoFlorenceNightingale，nursingbecameanimportantpartofmedicine．41FlorenceNightingalewasbornintoarichAItalianfamily．BRussianfamily．CEnglishfamily．DGermanfamily．42Nightingale’sparentsdidnotapproveofherdecisionAtoworkasadoctor．Btocareforsickpeople．CtofightinthewarwithRussia．DtotraveltohospitalsalloverEurope．43ItwasnotuntiltheWarwithRussiathatNightingaleAgottoworkinahospital．Bbegantostudynursing．Cstartedtocareforsickpeopleintheirhomes．DbecametheheadofGentlewomenDuringIllness44OnthebattlefieldsNightingaleandhernursesprovedtobeAasbadasthedoctorshadexpected．Bquitegenerous．Clessthanuseful．Dveryhelpful．45NightingaleplayedagreatroleinAthebuildingofwarhospitals．Btheeducationofwomen．Cthedevelopmentofnursing．Dtheimprovementofworkingconditionsforwomen．第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46~-50題，每題2分，共10分)閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5．處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。AllofUShavefeltpain．Wehavecutourselves．Wehavebeenburned．Orwehavehadheadaches．Someofussufferpainrarelypainrarely.(46)Paincantakecompletecontrolofourbodyandmind，makingitimpossibletomoveandeventothink．Yetweneedpain．Withoutit，wewouldnotknow．1fwehavehurtourselves．Itisourbody’swarningsystem.(47)PainisthemostcommonreasonwegotoadoctorItisthemostcommonreasonwetakemedicines．Untilrecently，however,mostdoctorsknewofonlyafewdrugsthatstoppedsomepains(48)Butnewknowledgeabouttheprocessofpainishelpingthemtocontrolpainbetter．Scientistshavelearnedthatthesenseofpainismadeupofbothchemicalandelectricalsignals.(49)Scientistsalsohavelearnedthatthenervoussystemsendstwodifferentkindsofpainmessagestothebrain：oneveryfast，theotherslow．Thefirstmessageisthewarningsignal．Itmovesataspeedof30metersasecond．Inlessthanasecond，thebrainunderstandsthatpartofthebodyishurtandhowbadlyitisinjured．(50)Ittellsusnottousetheinjuredpartuntilitheals．AAndothershavepainfulattacksallthetime．BThesesignalstravelfromnervecellsintheinjuredarea，upthespinalcord(脊髓)tothebrain，andbackdownagain．CIttellsusthatWeareinjuredandshoulddosomethingaboutitDTheyknewlittleabouttheprocessofpainitself．ETheothermessagemovesataspeedofonly013~meterasecond．FAndtheysendthesecond，slowermessageofpaintothebrain．第6部分：完形填空(第51~65題，每題1分，共15分)閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。WhatIsCancer?Cancerisactuallyagroupofmanyrelateddiseasesthatallhavetodowithcells．Cellsaretheverysmallunitsthatmakeupall——(51)things，includingthehumanbody．Therearebillionsofcells——(52)eachperson’sbody．Cancerhappenswhencellsthatarenotnormalgrow——(53)spreadveryfast．Normalbodycellsgrowanddivideandknowwhentostopgrowing．Overtime，theyalsodie．——(54)thesenormalcells，cancercellsjustcontinuetogrowanddivideoutofcontrolanddon’tdie．Cancercellsusuallygrouptogethertoformtumors(腫瘤)．Agrowingtumorbecomesalumpofcancercells——(55)candestroythenormalcellsaroundthe——(56)anddamagethebody’shealthytissues．Thiscanmakesomeonevery——(57)．Sometimescancercellsbreakawayfromtheoriginaltumorandtraveltootherareasofthe——(58)，wheretheykeepgrowingandcangoontoformnewtumors．Thisishowcancer——(59)．Thespreadofatumortoanewplaceinthebodyis——(60)metastasis(轉(zhuǎn)移)．Peoplewithcancermayfeelprettysickattimes—butCallusuallystilldolotsofnormalthings．——(61)theyareverysick，kidsandteenagerswithcancermaystillbeabletogotoschool．TheymaybetiredOrbruise(出現(xiàn)青腫)easily，butthey——(62)sometimesgotocamp，movies，andsleepover(在外過(guò)夜的)parties．Peoplewithcancerstilllikethesamethingstheydid——(63)theygotsick．Cancerinkidsisrare—buttoday,manykidswhodogetcancergoonlivingnormallives．Thenumberofkidswhobeatcancergoes——(64)everyyearbecauseofnewcancertreatments．Soalotofkidswithcancerwillsomedaydrivecars，gotocollege，havecareers，andevenget——(65)andhavefamiliesoftheirown．51Aliving Bnice Cbig Dwhole52Aby Bin Cwith Dat53Aor Bbut Cand Dthough54AUnlike BLike CAfter DWithout55Awho Bwhat Cwhere 56Ashape Btumor Cthing 57Asick Brich Cmild 58Acountry Bbody CCell D59Aspreads Bturns 60Asaid BsupposedCknown 61AIncase BBecauseCUnless 62Acan Bmust Cshould D63Abefore Bafter Conce 64Adown Bby Cup D65Afired Bmarried Cjoined D2004年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試衛(wèi)生類(C級(jí))答案滿分100分，其中：l一15每題1分；16—30每題1分；3l一45每題3分；46—50每題2分051—65每題1分。1A2B 3C4D 5D6C7B8A9B10C11D12C13B14A15B16C17B18A19A20B21C22A23F24B25E26C27D28E29C30A3lB32D33A34C35D36B37C38D39A40B41C42B43A44D45C46A47C48D49B50E51A52B53C54A55D56B57A58B59A60D61C62A63A64C65B2004年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試題解衛(wèi)生類(C級(jí))第一部分：閱讀判斷1．答案為A。“certain”和“sure”都有“肯定”的意思，替換后句法上也是一個(gè)合格的句子。2．答案為B?！皊etup”和“establish”同義，都是“建立”的意思，可互換而不改變句子的意思。3．答案為C。“happen”和“occur”都有“發(fā)生”的意思，而且都是不及物動(dòng)詞，因此可替換。4．答案為D。“bear”是“能承受”的意思，與“endure”意思相同。在該句子中，“endure”替換“bear”不改變?cè)瓉?lái)的句子的意思。5．答案為D?！癴irm”和“company”都有“公司”的意思。此處可用companies替換firms。6．答案為C。“survive”和“l(fā)ive”都表示“活下來(lái)，生存”的意思，可以替換，故選C。7．答案為B?！癱omplete”與“finish”都是“完成”的意思，可互換，故選B。8．答案為A?！癶ighly”和“very”都表示“程度非常高”的意思。9．答案為B?！癶ard”和“severe”都有“艱難”的意思，在這個(gè)意義上，“hard”可以替換“severe”而不改變句子的意義。10．答案為C?！癿erely”是“僅僅”的意思?！癹ust”也有這個(gè)意思。11．答案為D?！發(fā)ately”和“recently”都有“最近”的意思。12．答案為C?！皐hile”在這個(gè)句子中引起的是一個(gè)讓步從句，所起的作用是跟“although”一樣的。13．答案為B?！癳normous”和“l(fā)arge”都是“巨大的”，在這里兩者可以互換。14．答案為A?！癮nnually”就是“everyyear”的意思。15．答案為B?！癲etails”是“細(xì)節(jié)”的意思?！皃articulars”也是“細(xì)節(jié)”的意思。第二部分：閱讀判斷16C文章第一段雖然提到女性的壽命現(xiàn)在要比一百年前長(zhǎng)得多，但并沒(méi)有提及一百年前女性是否比男性壽命要長(zhǎng)一事。17B文章第二段明確介紹了人們現(xiàn)在比過(guò)去長(zhǎng)壽的原因。18A文章第四段頭一句便說(shuō)一百年前，許多孩子很小便夭折了。19A文章第四段提到，佝僂病與壞血病都是飲食不良引發(fā)的。20B文章第五段提到，人們過(guò)去之所以站著睡覺(jué)是因?yàn)榉孔犹?，而非出于喜歡。21C文章第六段只是說(shuō)，直到20世紀(jì)20年代人們才有了冰箱可用，但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)明冰箱是誰(shuí)發(fā)明的：22A從文章第四以及最后一段不難看出，一百年前，生活對(duì)許多孩子來(lái)說(shuō)都是十分不易的。第三部分：概括大意與完成句子23F文章第一段介紹說(shuō)世界上除了漢語(yǔ)之外，應(yīng)用最廣的就是英語(yǔ)了。24B文章第二段主要講的是什么是“aspeechcommunity”，即“aspeechcommunity”的定義。25E文章第三段進(jìn)而將“theEnglishspeechcommunity”分為兩組，即以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人為一組和以英語(yǔ)為第二語(yǔ)言的人為一組。26C文章第四段主要講學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言的益處。27D從文章第一段可以得知，說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)的人比說(shuō)任何其他語(yǔ)言的人都要多。28E從文章第二段