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八年級下冊英語教學(xué)課件系列Grammar
Unit4AgoodreadGrammarFocus疑問詞+動詞不定式動詞不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.
Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwater
aftertheoperation.
主語
賓語表語
定語
狀語
賓補(bǔ)作主語Tomasteraforeignlanguageisreallyimportantnowadays.Togiveupsmokingisright.1.當(dāng)今掌握一門外語真的很重要。2.棄吸煙是對的。作語Freddidn’thaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolookforajob.Hepromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.1.Fred沒有錢,所以他決定找一份工作。2.他答應(yīng)不告述任何人這事。作表語MyjobistoteachEnglish.Toseeistobelieve.1.我的工作是教英語。2.眼見為實(shí)。作定語Doyouhaveanythingtosay?1.你有什么要說的嗎?2.Betty是第一個知道這真相的人
Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth作狀語Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.目的狀語原因狀語結(jié)果狀語作賓補(bǔ)Sheaskedmetostaythere.1.她叫我呆在這兒。2.請允許我介紹Mr.White給你們。
PleaseallowmetointroduceMr.Whitetoyou.適用于“疑問詞+不定式動詞”的動詞包括:“know,see,decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,remember,think,wonder,understand”等。有點(diǎn)值得特別注意的是:當(dāng)這結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)賓語時,它的作用等于名詞分句,例如:(1)Icouldnotdecidewhichdictionarytobuy./IcouldnotdecidewhichdictionaryIshouldbuy.
(2)Jackdidnotknowwheretofindsuchagoodteacher./Jackdidnotknowwherehecouldfindsuchagoodteacher.
有些動詞,如“ask,show,tell,advise,inform,teach”等,可以先有個賓語,然后才接著加上適當(dāng)?shù)摹耙蓡栐~+不定式動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
Haveyoutoldhimwheretogetthe
applicationform?注意A.有些動詞后面的不定式不帶to,如feel(一感)hear,listento(二聽)make,have,let(三讓)
see,watch,notice,observe(四看)I
heard
themsingapopsong.Theteacher
mademeanswer
thequestion.Wewatched
themplay
football.注意
B.動詞不定式的否定式只須在to前加not.Myfatherdecided
nottotakeup
thejob.Theteachertoldus
nottobelate
again.注意C.帶疑問詞的動詞不定式在to前加疑問詞。Mr.Linwillteachus
howtouse
thecomputer.Canyoutellme
wheretoget
thebook?注意D.作簡短回答或避免不必要的重復(fù)時,動詞不定式常常省去to后面的動詞,只保留to
。A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernot
to(usemybike).B:Yes,I’dlove
to(cometoyourparty).Mary想用我的自行車,但我叫她別用。AUsingquestionwords+to-infinitivesWecanuseaquestionwordwithato-infinitiveafteraverb.Milliehasdecidedwhattoread.Danieldidnotsaywhototalktoaboutthisbook.Simonforgotwhentomeethisfriends.Kittycannotdecidewhichtochoosefirst.Sandyiswonderingwheretoaskforhelp.Amydoesnotknowhowtowritethereport.Suzywillexplainwhytorecommendthisbook.Suzywillexplainwhysherecommendsthisbook.Allquestionwordscanbeusedinthisway,exceptwhy.×√Wecanuseaverbandanobjectbeforeaquestionwordwithato-infinitive.adviseaskdecidediscussforgetknowlearnremembershowteachthinkunderstandMrWuadviseduswhichtochooseasafter-schoolactivities.Thestudentsaskedtheirteacherwhentohandintheirwork.Millieshoweduswhattodonext.Danieltaughthimselfhowtouseacomputertodraw.Don'tforgettotellyourmumwheretomeetyou.Wecanalsouseanadjectivelikesureorclearbeforeaquestionword.Suzywasnotsurewhotoaskforhelp.Areyouclearwhentomeetatthegatetomorrow?Theyarediscussingwhichcolourtopaintthewalls.Youcanaskyourparentshowmuchmoneyto
takewithyou.Wecanuseanounafterwhat,which,whose,howmanyandhowmuch.askforfind handin read travelwriteabout AboutReadingWeekAmyandDanielaretalkingabouttheirReadingWeek.Completetheirconversation.Usethecorrectquestionwordsandto-infinitives.how what whenwherewhich whoAmy:MrWuhasrecommendedsomanyinterestingbooks.Haveyoudecided
(1)_____________first,Daniel?whichtoreadDaniel:Yes.IwanttoreadBlackBeautyfirst.ButIdon'tknow(2)_______________thebook.Amy:YoucantryourschoollibraryorSunshineLibrary.Oh,didyouknowPeterisreadingAroundtheWorldinEightyDays?Hewantstofindout⑶______________aroundtheworldinsuchashorttime.Daniel:Wow,that'samazing!Bytheway,canyoutellme(4)________________ourbookreport?wheretofindhowtotravelwhentohandinAmy:BeforenextFriday.I'mstillnotsure(5)___________________inthereport.Daniel:Youcanwriteanythingaboutyourbook—whatthebookisabout,whatyouthinkofitandsoon.Youshouldreadsomereviewsaboutthebookbeforewriting.Amy:Thankyou.Anyway,Iknow(6)______________helpwithwriting.MrWuisalwaystheretohelpuswhattowriteaboutwhotoaskforModelverbsmusthavetodon’tneedtodon’thavetoMustsb…?Do/Doessb.haveto…?(必須)(不得不)1.表示義務(wù)、命令或必要,后面接不帶to的動詞不定式。
Soldiersmustobeyorders.Wemustkeepourword.2.must用在否定句結(jié)構(gòu)中表示“不允許、禁止”
Hemustnotleavehisroom.Youmustn’tsmokeintheoffice.must的用法3.must用在一般疑問句中,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto
——MustIhanditinbeforefive?
——No,you_________________________.——Yes,you______________.youneedn’t./don’thavetoyoumusthaveto的用法haveto由have+to組成。因此具有have的各種時態(tài)。
Heisaninvalidandhastohaveanurse.Sheknewwhatshehadtodo.Ishallhavetoreconsidermyposition.Heisalwayshavingtoexercisejudgment.must和haveto的區(qū)別含義不同:
must表示說話人的主觀思想,強(qiáng)調(diào)個人意志和主觀的決心。
haveto側(cè)重于客觀上的必要,強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀條件作用的結(jié)果。
Youmustdoitnow.Ihavetogonow.3.否定含義不同在否定句中,haveto表示不需要,must則表示不允許。Youdon’thavetogothere.Youmustn’tgothere.2.適用時態(tài)不同must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時(在間接引語中)haveto可用于更多的場合。ShesaidshemustdowellinherEnglish.BUsingmustandhavetoWeusemustandhavetotosaythatitisnecessarytodosomethingHavetohasdifferentforms,hastohadtowillhavetohave/hasgottoTip1mustnot=mustn'tdonothaveto=don’thavetoTip2Weusehavetowhenthesituationmakessomethingnecessary.Ihavetousethemtoreachtheboxonthefridge.Shehastotakeherdaughterfromschoolintheafternoon.Weusemustwhenthespeaker
feelsthatsomethingisnecessary.Imustrunawayfromthem,Gulliverthought.Weusemustnottosaythatsomethingisnotallowed.Youmustnotsmokeinthelibrary.Weusedonothavetotosaythatitisnotnecessarytodosomething.
Wedonothavetogotoschoolatweekends.You(1)______keepquietinthelibrary.You(2)______keepthebookscleanandtidy.You(3)_________draworwriteinthebooks.You(4)________eatordrinkinthelibrar LibraryrulesAmyistellinghercousinShirleysomelibraryrules.Completewhatshesayswithmust,mustnot,havetoordonothaveto.mustmustmustn’tmustn’tYou(5)_______returnthebooksontime.Ifyouwanttokeepthemlonger,you(6)________renewthem.You(7)_____________bringyourstudentcardeverytimeyougotothelibrary,butremembertobringyourlibrarycard.musthavetodon’thaveto同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。Exercise1.Gulliverdidnotknowwherehecouldfindotherpeople.Gulliverdidnotknow_______________otherpeople.2.Gulliverwonderedwhohecouldaskforhelp.Gulliverwondered________________help.wheretofindwhotoaskfor3.Gu
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