新教材適用2023-2024學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit4SharingSectionⅠReadingandThinking學(xué)案新人教版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

單元重點(diǎn)回顧Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．extendvt.擴(kuò)展；使伸長(zhǎng)；延長(zhǎng)→extensionn．伸展，擴(kuò)大；延長(zhǎng)，延期→extendedadj.延長(zhǎng)了的；擴(kuò)展了的→extensiveadj.廣闊的，廣大的；范圍廣泛的①extendinto...擴(kuò)大或延長(zhǎng)到……②extendoversth.(使)持續(xù)，延續(xù)③extend(...)tosth.(使)達(dá)到，伸展到2．negotiatevt.商定；達(dá)成(協(xié)議)vi.談判；磋商；協(xié)商→negotiationn．協(xié)商，談判；轉(zhuǎn)讓；通過(guò)→negotiatorn．磋商者；交涉者；交易者①negotiatesth.協(xié)商某事②negotiateadeal/contract/treaty/settlement達(dá)成交易/確立合同/商定條約內(nèi)容/商定解決措施③negotiatewithsb.for/aboutsth.與某人協(xié)商某事④undernegotiation在商討之中3．withdrawvt.取(款)；收回(說(shuō)過(guò)的話)vt.&vi.(使)撤回；撤離；撤退→withdrawaln．收回，取回，撤回；不再參加，退出(組織)；取款①withdrawsth./sb.fromsth.從某事中撤離某物/某人②withdrawsth./sb.撤離某物/某人③withdrawfrom退出；撤回④withdrawaschool/one'soffice退學(xué)/辭職4．bondn.紐帶；關(guān)系；黏合劑vt.&vi.增強(qiáng)信任關(guān)系；使牢固結(jié)合①bondbetweenAandBA與B的關(guān)系/紐帶②bondAandB(together)把A和B聯(lián)系在一起③bondAtoB把A和B聯(lián)系在一起④bondwithsb.增強(qiáng)與某人的信任關(guān)系；建立與某人的互信關(guān)系5．meanwhileadv.與此同時(shí)；(比較兩方面)對(duì)比之下n．其間；其時(shí)①inthemeanwhile(＝inthemeantime)在此期間，與此同時(shí)②forthemeanwhile一會(huì)兒；暫時(shí)③atthesametime同時(shí)6．mercyn.仁慈；寬??；憐憫→mercifuladj.仁慈的；寬大的→mercilessadj.無(wú)慈悲心的；無(wú)情的；殘忍的①havemercyon/upon對(duì)……仁慈②showmercytosb.憐憫某人③begformercy乞求寬大④withoutmercy無(wú)情地⑤atthemercyof任……擺布，在……前毫無(wú)辦法⑥bemercifulto對(duì)……仁慈7．possessionn．[usuallypl.]個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)；擁有；控制→possessvt.擁有；具有；支配①inpossessionofsth.占有(或擁有)某物②inthepossessionofsb.為某人所有③inone'spossession為某人所有④gain/get/take/havepossessionof占有；擁有；占領(lǐng)⑤bepossessedofsth.具有(某種品質(zhì)或特征)⑥bepossessedwith/by...被……控制8．logvt.把……載入正式記錄；記錄n．正式記錄；日志；原木①loginto登錄②login/on登錄，注冊(cè)，進(jìn)入(計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng))③logsb.in/on讓某人登錄，使注冊(cè)，使進(jìn)入(計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng))④logoff/out注銷；退出(計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng))⑤logsb.off/out使注銷；使退出(計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng))9．a(chǎn)rrestn.逮捕；拘留；中止vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止①arrestsb.for...因……而逮捕某人②getarrested...被逮捕③arrestone'sattention...引起某人的注意④underarrest在關(guān)押中⑤makeanarrest進(jìn)行拘捕Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.searchfor搜索，搜尋①searchsp.forsth.在某地搜尋某物②searchsb.forsth.為了某物搜某人身③insearchof＝inone'ssearchfor搜尋2.setsail起航；開航①setfooton/in踏上；踏足；踏進(jìn)②setaboutdoingsth.著手做某事③setoff出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；點(diǎn)燃，引爆；引發(fā)④setout出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；陳述；擺放⑤setdown放下；寫下，記下⑥setup創(chuàng)建，建立，建起⑦setaside把……放一邊；預(yù)留出3.inreturnfor作為……的報(bào)答/交換①inreturn(＝inreward)回報(bào)；作為報(bào)答②inturn因此；因而；反過(guò)來(lái)；依次；輪流③onone'sreturn某人一回來(lái)④returnsth.tosb.＝returnsb.sth.歸還某人某物⑤returnto...回到……4.inhand在手頭；可供使用①shakehands握手②givesb.ahand幫助某人③athand在手邊；即將到來(lái)④byhand用手；靠人工⑤handinhand手拉手；連在一起的；密切關(guān)聯(lián)⑥handdown傳下去⑦h(yuǎn)andout分發(fā)⑧handover把……交給⑨handin上交5.tellapart辨別；區(qū)分①takeapart拆開，拆卸②tearapart撕毀，撕碎；分開，分裂③fallapart崩潰；散架，瓦解④apartfrom...除……之外6.behometo是……的棲息地/家園；是……的產(chǎn)地/所在地①athome在家里；在國(guó)內(nèi)；舒適的，不拘束的②feelathome感覺(jué)舒適自在③makeoneselfathome別拘束7.takeaction采取行動(dòng)；采取措施①takeimmediateaction立即采取行動(dòng)②takelegalaction采取法律手段③“采取措施”的其他表達(dá)：takemeasurestakesteps8.amountsof許多，大量(接不可數(shù)名詞)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(largeamountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,alargeamountof＋不可數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞))“許多，大量”的其他表達(dá)：(1)只修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的：many,agreat/goodmany,agreat/largenumberof,quiteafew(2)只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的：much,agreat/gooddealof(3)既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞又可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的：alotof,lotsof,aquantityof,quantitiesof,plentyof以下短語(yǔ)接名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(alargequantityof＋不可數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ),alargequantityof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ),largequantitiesof＋不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ),manya/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ),anumberof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)))Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型1.Tocompletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassionforthepeopleofearlycivilisations.完成世界的偉大地圖是早期文明人民的一種強(qiáng)烈激情。(不定式作主語(yǔ))2．Inancienttimes,silkfromChinafounditswayoverlandtoIndia,theMiddleEast,andRome,alongwhatbecameknownastheSilkRoad.在古代，中國(guó)的絲綢經(jīng)由一條陸路運(yùn)到印度、中東和羅馬，這條路就是有名的“絲綢之路”。(what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句)3．Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals,whichalsoledtomoreawarenessofeachother'scultures.來(lái)自中國(guó)和許多其他地方的商人在這里相遇，商談貿(mào)易，這也導(dǎo)致了對(duì)彼此文化的更多認(rèn)識(shí)。(定語(yǔ)從句)4．Overthecenturies,furthertradingallowedmoreexplorationoftheregionstothewestofChina,asrecordedinDuHuan'sRecordofMyTravelsintheeighthcentury.幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，貿(mào)易的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展使更多對(duì)中國(guó)西部地區(qū)的探索活動(dòng)得以進(jìn)行，這一點(diǎn)在8世紀(jì)杜環(huán)的《經(jīng)行記》中有所記載。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)5.Fromascientificpointofview,thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.從科學(xué)角度看，迫切需要研究北極，以了解氣候變化及其影響。(thereisanurgentneedtodo...)6．Plasticpollutionisalsobad,killingmanybirdsandfish,andhasevenbeenfoundinourtapwater.塑料污染也很嚴(yán)重，殺死了許多鳥和魚，甚至在我們的自來(lái)水中被發(fā)現(xiàn)。(非謂語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))7.Miningforresourcesisverydamaging,especiallyintheArctic.開采資源是非常有害的，特別是在北極。(非謂語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ))8.Althoughthiswasbannedin1982,somecountriesarestill“murdering”theseintelligentcreatureswithoutmercy.雖然這在1982年就被禁止了，但一些國(guó)家仍然在毫不留情地“謀殺”這些聰明的生物。(although)9．Weneedtounderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothatwecantakeaction.我們需要了解我們的星球正在發(fā)生什么，這樣我們才能采取行動(dòng)。(sothat)10．Hopefully,astechnologyimproves,wemayhavemoreoptionsformanagingthisbalance.隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，我們有望可以有更多的選擇來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)這種平衡。(as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)時(shí)文閱讀新發(fā)現(xiàn)：地球最大海草生態(tài)系統(tǒng)(選自)語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀：海草床是許多海洋生物重要的育幼地和覓食地。它可以吸收和儲(chǔ)存大量的碳，是重要的“藍(lán)碳”資源，對(duì)緩解氣候危機(jī)具有重要作用。據(jù)近期報(bào)道，在虎鯊的協(xié)助下，科學(xué)家在巴哈馬海域發(fā)現(xiàn)了世界上最大的海草生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使地球已知的海草床總面積增加了40%以上。Seagrassmeadows(海草床)arewonderplantsgrowingbeneaththesea.Theyfeedandsheltersealifeandaremasterfulatstoringcarbon.Thankstotheassistanceoftigersharks,ahugeseagrassmeadowintheBahamasBankswasrecentlydiscovered,offeringtheworldatooltofightclimatechange.SeagrasshasusuallybeendetectedbyEarth-orbitingsatellitesthatidentifydarkerpatchesinthebluewater.Inthisstudy,tigersharkswereselectedasresearchtoolsduetotheirhighlyconsistentassociationswithseagrassecosystems.Theyspend70%oftheirtimeinseagrassmeadows.Theteamequippedeighttigersharkswithsatellitetags,sevensharkswithcameratags,anduseda360-degreecameraonasharkforthefirsttimeever.Thedataresearcherscollectedwasastonishing.Theworld'slargestseagrassecosystem,measuringatleast66,900squarekilometers,hasbeendiscovered.Thisreflectsa41%increasefrompreviousestimatesofglobalseagrass.Seagrasscancapture(捕獲)hugequantitiesofcarbonbyphotosynthesisandstoresitontheseafloor.Intermsofclimatechange,thisisexcellentnews;seagrassis35timesfasteratremovingcarbonthantropicalrainforests.Whenreferredtoglobalseagrasscarbonstockestimates,thestudyindicatesthatseagrassintheBahamasmaycontain19.2%to26.3%ofallthecarbonstoredinseagrassmeadowsonEarth.Yetseagrassmeadowsarerapidlydisappearing,withover92%ofmeadowsintheUKgone,accordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund.Scientistsarecollectingseedsandtryingtogrownewseagrassmeadowsthroughrestorationprojects.Thisnewdiscoveryoffersoptimismandprovestheimportanceoftheoceanforhealing.ThesharksledustotheseagrassecosystemintheBahamas,whichwenowknowislikelythemostsignificantbluecarbonsinkontheplanet.Whatthisdiscoveryshowsusisthatoceanexplorationandresearchareessentialforahealthyfuture.Theuntappedpotentialoftheoceanislimitless.Thesemeadowscanbeprotectedandcanbereplicated,offeringhopeforclimatechangearoundtheglobe.1.Whyweretigersharkschosenasresearchtools?DA．Theyaremoreflexiblethanotherseaanimals.B．Theycanquicklyadjustthemselvestothedeepsea.C．Theycanbeeasilyequippedwithexperimentaldevices.D．Theyhaveastrongconnectionwithseagrassecosystems.2.WhatarethenumbersinParagraph3mainlyabout?DA．Thedeclineofglobalseagrassmeadows.B．Theimpactofclimatechangeonsealife.C．TherapidincreaseintheamountofcarbononEarth.D．Thepotentialvalueoftheworld'slargestseagrassecosystem.3.Whatarescientistsdoingtoprotectseagrass?A