研究生英語綜合教程上八單元課件

TheHiddenDangerofSeatBeltsUnit8members:劉進(jìn)賢沈海月姜靜丹張雪菲畢川1、Theriskisnotasetnumber.2、Eachindividualhashisorherowninternalcomfortlevelwithrisk-taking.3、TheexamplesofAdams.4、TallyupAllthesefactorsand

arriveata

statistical

prediction.ayoungmandriveat3:00a.m.SundaysomeonewithapersonalitydisordersomeoneisdruckcontentIneverydaylife,riskisamovingtarget,notaset(固定的)numberasstatisticsmightsuggest.日常生活中，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是不斷移動(dòng)的靶子，而并不像統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)那樣是個(gè)固定數(shù)字。Inadditiontoexternalfactors,eachindividualhashisorherowninternalcomfortlevelwithrisk-taking〔冒險(xiǎn)〕.Somearedaringwhileothersarecautious〔謹(jǐn)慎的〕bynature.Andstillothersarefatalists〔宿命論者〕whomaybelievethatahigherpowerdevisesmortality〔死亡率〕schedulesthatfixapredetermined(預(yù)先確定)timewhenournumberisup.Consequently,anysinglemeasurementassignedtotheriskofdrivingacarisboundtobeonlytheroughest〔粗略的〕sortofbenchmark.除了外部因素外，每個(gè)人對于冒險(xiǎn)都有自己內(nèi)在的平安尺度。有些人天生大膽而有些人天生謹(jǐn)慎，還有些人是宿命論者，他們會認(rèn)為，有一種更強(qiáng)大的力量設(shè)計(jì)了死亡時(shí)間表，預(yù)先確定了我們的死期。因此，對駕車風(fēng)險(xiǎn)做任何單一的測算所得到的肯定只是最粗略的基準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)。assignvt.A指派、委派B分配C把…歸因于D指定

1、Thoseroomshavebeenassignedtous.2、Shewasassignedthejobofcheckingthesalefigures.3、Theteacherassignedtenproblemsfortoday.4、Atlastweassignedrevengeasthemotiveforthecrime.BADcbeboundto很有可能，肯定會e.g.Heisboundtofailtheexamifhedoesnotdoanyrevision.boundvi.跳，vt.給…劃界，限制；使彈回，使跳躍；n.界限，限制；躍起；〔球等的〕反跳adj.用帶子綁住的；有義務(wù)的；裝訂的，有封面的；[化，物]結(jié)合的1、Onceapersonismarried,theyareboundtostaymarriedtillonedies.2、Duringtherecentcrisis,centralbankshitthezerointerestratebound.benchmarkn.基準(zhǔn)e.g.Thevaluationbecomesabenchmarkagainstwhichtojudgeotherprices.亞當(dāng)斯引用了這樣的統(tǒng)計(jì)事實(shí)作例子：青年男子發(fā)生嚴(yán)重撞車事故的可能性比中年婦女高100倍。同樣，在星期天凌晨3點(diǎn)鐘駕車的人比同一天上午10點(diǎn)鐘駕車的人死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高出100多倍，有人格障礙的人比一般人死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高10倍。Adamscites〔引用〕,asanexamplethestatisticalfactthatayoungmanis100timesmorelikelytobeinvolvedinasevere〔劇烈的〕crashthanisamiddle-agedwoman.Similarly,someonedrivingat3:00a.m.Sundayismorethan100timesmorelikelytodiethansomeonedrivingat10:00a.m.Sunday.Someonewithapersonalitydisorderis10timesmorelikelytodie.亞當(dāng)斯說，假設(shè)這個(gè)人還喝醉了，匯總所有這些因素并分別加以考慮，就會得到一個(gè)具有統(tǒng)計(jì)性的預(yù)測：一位心理失常又喝醉酒的青年男子在午夜駕車，7個(gè)小時(shí)后一位頭腦清醒的中年婦女駕車去教堂，前者發(fā)生嚴(yán)重交通事故的概率比后者高270萬倍。Andlet'ssayhe'salsodrunk.TallyupAllthesefactorsandconsiderthemindependentlysaysAdams,andyoucouldarriveatastatisticalprediction/thatadisturbed,drunkenyoungmandrivinginthemiddle

ofthenight/is2.7milliontimesmorelikelytobeinvolvedinaseriousaccident/thanwouldasober(清醒的),middle-agedwomandrivingtochurchsevenhourslater.disterbedadj.擾亂的；混亂的

騷動(dòng)的；憂慮的

有精神病的

disterbvt./vi.打攪

阻礙

vt.使焦慮；使惱怒Tallyup計(jì)算〔得分，總數(shù)等〕e.g.Ifthegameisover,Iwilltallyupthescore.soberadjA未醉的B適度的、有節(jié)制的C〔顏色等〕素淡的、暗淡的〕vt1、使變得清醒2、使變得冷靜；使嚴(yán)肅e.g.1.Themandrinksalotbutalwaysseemssoder.2.Thecolourofthispaintingissoder.3.Themenissoderinhishabits.ACB？Ineverydaylife,riskisamovingtarget,notasetnumberasstatisticsmightsuggest.A.Ineverydaylife,risksvariesandisnotalwaysquantifiable(可以計(jì)量的).B.Asstatisticsmightsuggest,thereareriskswheneveryoumoveinyoureverydaylife.Andstillothersarefatalists

who

maybelievethatahigherpowerdevisesmortality

schedulesthatfixapredeterminedtime

whenournumberisup.

A.Somepeoplebelievethatluckymembersmaypredeterminewhetherwewilldieornotinacaraccidents.B.Therearepeoplewhobelieveeverythingincludingdeathispreordained.Consequently,anysinglemeasurementassignedtotheriskofdrivingacarisboundtobeonlytheroughestsortofbenc