verbal-答案及解析資料介紹資料介紹

Communicationtechnologiesarefarfromequivalent.Arecentstudycomparinghonestyacrossarangeofdifferentmediarevealedthatpeopleweretwicelikelytotelllieswhenusingthephonethanwhencommunicatingviae-mail.Ithadpreviouslybeenassumedthatpeople這是一種假設(shè)：郵件更容易撒謊，因此第三題為Fwouldbemoreinclinedtofabricatethetruthwhenusinge-mail,duetotheremotenessoftheinteractionmakingpeoplemorecomfortableaboutdeceivingothers.Onthecontrary,itseemsthatanxietyovertheaccountability責(zé)任,由于郵件可以加以記錄因而溝通者需要承擔(dān)說謊的責(zé)任affordedbytherecordingofe-mailexchangesinducesgreatertruthfulness.However,theresearchalsonotedthatpeoplearemuchmorelikelytoberudeorinsultingovere-mail,outweighinganybenefitsofincreasedhonesty!這是一種假設(shè)：郵件更容易撒謊，因此第三題為F責(zé)任,由于郵件可以加以記錄因而溝通者需要承擔(dān)說謊的責(zé)任Animplicationofthestudyisthatiftelephoneconversationsarerecordedandpeopleareawareofthisfact,theyarelikelytobemoretruthfuloverthephone.TPeopleareunconcernedabouttherepercussion反響ofe-mailuntruths.F反響Ithadbeenassumedthatpeoplewouldcommunicatemorehonestlywhenusinge-mailthanwhenusingthetelephone.FThereisoftenconsiderablescientificdisagreementbothaboutavailablereservesofnaturalresourcesandabouttheextentofenvironmentaldamagecausedbyparticularpollutants.Evenwherethescientificevidenceisincontrovertible無可爭議的.Theremaybepoliticalconflict,basedondifferentvestedinterests,overthedegreetowhichparticularenvironmentalcontrolsshouldbeaccepted.Governmentsmay,forexample,refrain抑制，不行動fromintroducingeffectivecontroliftheyfearthesewilladverselyaffectcompanyprofitabilityorjobs,evenwheretheenvironmentalcostofnotintroducingcontrolsareconsiderable.無可爭議的抑制，不行動Thereisalwaysscientificdebatearoundthefactsregardingthereservesofnaturalresources.TVeryrarelyisthereconflictoverthedegreetowhichparticularenvironmentalcontrolsshouldbeaccepted.FPartieswithavestedinterestaremoreinfluencedbypoliticsthansciencewhendecidingwhethertoimplementenvironmentalcontrols.C個人認(rèn)為C(圖片版本的答案)葉覺得是T個人認(rèn)為C(圖片版本的答案)Whilsthighvisibilitycrimesuchasnight-timedrunkendisturbancehasincreased,totalurbanandruralcrime,bothreportedandunreported,hasfallenoverthelasttwoyears,yetparadoxicallypeoplefeellesssafe,believingthattheconverseisthecase.Thisfallincrimehascoincidedwithadropinthenumberofpoliceofficeronthestreet.Acitizen’sfearofcrimeseemsnottobeamatterofrealityatall-thevisibilityoflawenforcementofficialshasagreaterimpactontheirviewofrealitythanhardfacts.Reducingthenumberofpoliceofficerhasledtoareductionincrime文章只說明存在同時發(fā)生，并沒有推斷因果.C文章只說明存在同時發(fā)生，并沒有推斷因果Crimestatisticssupportpopularbeliefaboutthelevelofcrime.FPeoplefeelsaferwhentherearemorepoliceonthestreet.T個人認(rèn)為T個人認(rèn)為TThereisnotaskmoredifficultthanthatofensuringtheeducationofchildreninmodernsociety.Notonlyschool,butalsoteachersandtheirroleshavechangedoutofallrecognitioninthepastfewdecades,thankstotheimpactonteachinginstitutionsbyindoctrinat教導(dǎo)ing,andindoctrinated,reformistintellectualsbearingrevolutionaryideas.改革派知識分子掌權(quán)Totheperpetual永久的indiscipline無紀(jì)律。倒裝句，theindisciplineofyouthhasbeenaddedtotheindisciplineofparents,學(xué)生荒蕪學(xué)業(yè)的情況因為家長的不配合與不理解變得變本加厲ofyouthhasnowbeenaddedtheindisciplineofparents,manyofwhominterpretanyreportsofwrongdoinginschoolonthepartoftheiroffspringasapersonalaffront,orasthemanifestationofthemaliceofteachers.Asfortheteachersthemselves,whilstmanyarerespectableandlearnedmenandwomen,whoviewitastheirvocationtoinducttheirchargesintoacivilizationandawayofbehaving,othersattempttoinfluenceyouthmerelytofurthertheirpoliticalorideologicalends.教導(dǎo)改革派知識分子掌權(quán)永久的無紀(jì)律。倒裝句，theindisciplineofyouthhasbeenaddedtotheindisciplineofparents,學(xué)生荒蕪學(xué)業(yè)的情況因為家長的不配合與不理解變得變本加厲Someofthoseworkingineducationhavetheirownhiddenagendas.T個人認(rèn)為T個人認(rèn)為TTeacherwithrevolutionaryideaswillattempttoinfluencetheirpupilsfortheirownpoliticalends.TC（some，不是所有人都這樣）Someteacherswhoreportchildrenofwrongdoingdosobecauseofmalice,ratherthannaylegitimatereason這是父母對老師的認(rèn)定.C這是父母對老師的認(rèn)定Lastweek,thecompetitioncommissionoutlinedtwopackagestoregulatethesaleofextendedproductwarranties,whichproviderepair/replacementforfaultygoodsbeyondthemanufacturer’soriginalguarantee.Whilstwarrantysalesarecurrentlyhighlyprofitable,withsomeretailersattributingupto?oftheirprofitstothisincomestream,theyarealsocriticizedforofferingpoorvalueformoneyduetoobscureclauses,whichrestrictpaymentinmany,butthemostunlikelyclaimscenarios.Thefirstpackage-tobanretailerssellingafullwarrantyonthedayofpurchasewascondemnedbyallasdraconian嚴(yán)厲的-whilsttheother,rathermilder,optionofforcingretailerstoprovidefullinformationonwarrantyexclusionsandanobligatory60–day“cool-off”periodforcustomers,receivedamorebalancedhearing.嚴(yán)厲的Becausenoonebelievesthatthefirstoptionwilleverbeimplemented,investorsandanalystshavefocusedmorecloselyontheimplicationofthe“milder”package.Inarecentleakedresearchnote,oneanalystsuggestedthattheimplementationofthereforminthesecondpackagewouldplaceastaff-trainingburdenontheretailer,whichwouldleadtoasignificantincreaseinthecostofwarrantysales,andapredicted20%fallinactualsales.“Cool-off”periodsarenotcurrentlyofferedbycompaniessellingproductwarranties.T（葉覺得是C，只是說將來要，沒有說現(xiàn)在不是）Itislikelythatneitherpackagewillbeimplemented.CPreventingretailersfromsellingwarrantiesonthedayofpurchaseofaproductwasfelttobetooseverearestriction.TAllscientificknowledgeisprovisional.Everythingthatscienceknows,eventhemostmundanefactsandlong-establishedtheories,issubjecttore-examinationasnewinformationcomesin.thelatestdataandideasarescrutinizedthemost.Somerecantationswillbeunavoidable,butthisisnotaweaknessofscience,butratheritsstrength.Noendeavorrivalsscienceinitsincrementalprogresstowardsamorecompleteunderstandingoftheobservableuniverse.Scienceimprovesunderstandingonthebasisofleavingunchallenged修讓那些theories不被質(zhì)疑thosetheoriesthatappeartowork.F修讓那些theories不被質(zhì)疑Somefactsinsciencecannotbechallengedifanyprogressistobemade.F個人認(rèn)為F：因為第一句，所有的科學(xué)知識都是有前提而存在的個人認(rèn)為F：因為第一句，所有的科學(xué)知識都是有前提而存在的Thatwhichisnotobservablecannotbepartofthedomainofscience.CTheStatuteonworkplacesafetyrequiresthatanemployershouldensure,sofarasisreasonablypracticable,thehealth,safetyandwelfareatworkofallfullandparttimeemployees,andalsothosenotindirectemploymentwhomaybeaffectedbyactsoromissionsatwork.However,itisalsothedutyofemployeestotakereasonablecarefortheirownhealthandsafetyandalsothatofotherpersonswhomaybeaffectedbytheiractsoromissionsatwork,forexamplebycomplyingwithallnoticesonhealthandsafetythatareposted.Ifaworkplacevisitorishurtduetoanactofnegligencebyanemployeethentheemployeemaybeheldsolelyresponsible.F個人認(rèn)為C,有答案也認(rèn)為是C應(yīng)為F,此處visitor對應(yīng)thosenotindirectemploymentwhomaybeaffectedbyactsoromissionsatwork，這是employee和employer共同的責(zé)任葉認(rèn)為是F，因為明確指出了employer也要負(fù)責(zé)個人認(rèn)為C,有答案也認(rèn)為是C應(yīng)為F,此處visitor對應(yīng)thosenotindirectemploymentwhomaybeaffectedbyactsoromissionsatwork，這是employee和employer共同的責(zé)任Anemployerhasresponsibilityforthesafetyofvisitorstohisfactory.TEmployeeshavenegligible微不足道的，可以忽略的responsibilityforworkplacehealthandsafety.F微不足道的，可以忽略的Today’shistoriansaimtoconstructarecordofhumanactivitiesandtousethisrecordtoachieveamoreprofoundunderstandingofhumanity.Thisconception起源oftheirtaskisquiterecent,datingfromthedevelopmentfrom18thandearly19thcenturiesofscientifichistory,andcultivatedlargelybyprofessionalhistorianswhoadoptedtheassumptionthatthestudyofnatural,inevitablehumanactivity.Beforethelate18thcentury,historywastaughtinvirtuallynoschools,anditdidnotattempttoprovideaninterpretationofhumanlifeasawhole.Thisismoreappropriatelythefunctionofreligion,ofphilosophy,orevenperhapsofpoetry.起源Thatwhichconstitutesthestudyofhistoryhaschangedovertime.C個人認(rèn)為是T應(yīng)為C;此處指研究的目標(biāo)，而非研究的組成部分波姐說是T個人認(rèn)為是T應(yīng)為C;此處指研究的目標(biāo)，而非研究的組成部分波姐說是TProfessionalhistoriansdidnotexistbefore18thcentury.CInthe17thcentury,historywouldnothavebeenthoughtofasawayofunderstandinghumanity.TWhilsthavingsimilareffectsonemployees,theretendtobemajordifferencebetweenamergerandanacquisition.Inanacquisition,powerissubstantiallyassumedbythenewparentcompany.Changeisoftenswiftandbrutalacquisition變化是迅速而殘酷的astheacquirerimposesitsowncontrolsystemsandfinancialrestraints.Partiestoamergerarelikelytobeevenlymatchedintermsofsize,andthepowerandculturaldynamicsofthecombinationaremoreambiguous,integrationisamoredrawnoutprocess持久戰(zhàn).acquisition變化是迅速而殘酷的持久戰(zhàn)Duringanacquisition,thereisoftenmoreovert明顯的；公然的；蓄意的conflictandresistanceandasenseofpowerlessness.Inmergers,becauseoftheprolongedperiodbetweentheinitialannouncementandfullintegration,uncertaintyandanxietycontinueforamuchlongertimeastheorganizationremainsinastateoflimbo處于中間的或不定的狀態(tài).明顯的；公然的；蓄意的處于中間的或不定的狀態(tài)Theretendstobeamajorpowerdifferencebetweenpartiesinanacquisition.TMergersandacquisitiontendtohavedistinctlydifferentimpactsonemployees.F第一句話similar第一句話similarMergersyieldashorter應(yīng)該是longerperiodofanxietyanduncertaintyamongstemployees.F（葉覺得是C，文中除了第一句，沒有明顯提及對員工的具體影響）應(yīng)該是longerManagementis,ineffect,thecatalyst催化劑thatisessentialforconvertingtheresourcesandrawmaterialinputsoftheoperationintovaluedoutputsand,intheprocess,ensuringthatstakeholderneedsaresatisfied.Managersrepresentthecriticalfactor,whicheconomistsrefertoas“enterprise”,withoutwhichtheotherfactors(land,laborandcapital)cannotfunction.Managersareeffectivelythecustodians監(jiān)管者oftheorganization’sresource,responsiblefordecidingwhattheresourcesshouldbeusedfor,howbesttousethem,andtowhichcustomerstheoutputsshouldbetargeted.催化劑監(jiān)管者Stakeholderneedsarebestservedthroughthecreationofvaluedoutputs.CManagementhasatleasttwomajorbutdifferentresponsibilities.T（創(chuàng)造價值&監(jiān)管）Managersmustdecidehowbesttohandlealltheresourcesattheirdisposal.TThereisnodoubtthatvegetarianfoodcanbehealthierthanatraditionaldiet–indeed,researchhasdemonstratedthatvegetariansarelesslikelytosufferfromheartdiseaseandobesitythanthosewhoeatmeat.Onelong-standingconcernaboutavegetarianlifestyleistheriskoffailingtotakeinenoughprotein.However,historicalcalculationsastotheamountofproteinneededforahealthylifestylehaverecentlybeenshowntooverestimatethequantitiesneeded,andifvegetarianselecttheirfoodcarefullytheyshouldbeabletomeettheirproteinneeds.Abalanceddietismorelikelytopromotehealththananyparticularfoodorfoodgroupinisolation.CToomuchproteininthedietcanleadtoheartdisease.COvertimetherecommendationsastowhatconstitutesahealthybalanceddiethavechanged.CWater,themostcommonliquidusedforcleaning,hasapropertycalledsurfacetension表面張力.Moleculesinthebodyofthewateraresurroundedbyothermolecules,butatthesurfacea“tension”iscreatedasmoleculesareonlysurroundedbyothermoleculesonthewaterside.Thistensioninhibitsthecleaningprocess,asitslowsthewettingofsurfaceduetotensioncausingthewatertobeadup.Thisiswherewaterdropletsholdtheirshapeanddonotspread.Foreffectivecleaningtotakeplace“surfacetension”mustbereducedsothatwatercanspread.Surface-activeagents,orsurfactants表面活性劑,能夠降低水的表面張力，使水spread,arechemicals,whichareabletodothiseffectively.表面張力表面活性劑,能夠降低水的表面張力，使水spreadSurface-activeagents,orsurfactants,areonlyusedforcleaning.CWateristheonlyknownliquidusedforcleaning.F疑為C確為F;mostcommon≠onlyF啊那必須的，肯定有別的liquid可以用來洗的啊，否則沒個比較還說common？common個毛線啊疑為C確為F;mostcommon≠onlyIfsurfactantchemicalsareaddedtowaterwhencleaningasurface,surfacetensionwilloccur.FThemoleculesonthewatersidehinderthecleaningprocess.T個人認(rèn)為T葉覺得是F，水分子沒有錯，錯的是表面張力個人認(rèn)為TThebiggestriskfacingtheworld’sinsurancecompaniesispossiblytherapidchangenowtakingplacewithintheirownranks.Sluggish蕭條的；遲鈍的growthincoremarketsandintensepricecompetition,coupledwithshiftingpatternsofcustomerdemandandtherisingcostoflosses,arethreateningtooverwhelmthosetooslowtoreact.蕭條的；遲鈍的Insurancecompaniesareexperiencingaboomintheircoremarkets.CF;就考sluggish這個詞TF，必須的F;就考sluggish這個詞TInsurancecompaniesarecompetingtoprovidebestpricestocustomers.TInsurancecompaniesarecopingwellwithincreasedpricecompetitionandrisinglosses.F疑為C確為F;面臨價格競爭和成本上升疑為C確為F;面臨價格競爭和成本上升Short-sightednessistoalargeextentinherited,itsincidence發(fā)生率variesfromonefamilytoanother.Thereasonbehindthelinkbetweenthecommonincidenceofshort-sightednessandhighintelligenceisunclear.Previousgenerationsthoughtthateyescouldbecomestrained負(fù)荷byyearsspentporingoverbooks,butafewdecadesagothepopularmedicalviewwasthatshort-sightedpeoplegravitatedtowardsthelibrarybecausetheyfoundithardtoexcelatsports.Recentlytherehasbeenpartialsupportforatheorythathighintelligenceandshort-sightednessmay,infact,bepartofageneticpackage.發(fā)生率負(fù)荷Thegeneticlinkbetweenintelligenceandshort-sightednesshasrecentlybeendisproven.FPeoplefromallfamiliesstandatanequalchanceofbeingshort-sighted.FIntelligenceistoalargeextentinherited.CThecosmicmicrowavebackground宇宙微波背景輻射揭示了早期宇宙信息(CMB)radiationistheafterglow夕照，晚霞fromtheBigBang,andweakasitmaybetoday,theseprimevalmicrowavesholdvaluableinformationaboutfundamentalpropertiesoftheearlyuniverse.Slightdifferences,oranisotropies,inthebrightnessandpolarizationoftheCMBrevealcluesaboutthenatureoftheprimevalplasma:thatthediscrepancies差異existatallshowsthattheplasmawasnotperfectlyuniform.ThevariationsinthebrightnessseenintheCMBreflectdifferencesinthedensityoftheprimordialplasma原始等離子體宇宙微波背景輻射揭示了早期宇宙信息夕照，晚霞差異原始等離子體Theanisotropies是Slightdifferences,oranisotropies,inthebrightnessandpolarizationoftheCMB，因此不是solelyoftheCMBshowsolelythattheprimordialplasmawasnotuniform.F是Slightdifferences,oranisotropies,inthebrightnessandpolarizationoftheCMB，因此不是solelyThepolarizationofcosmicmicrowavesismeasuredatdifferentwavelengthsoastoseparatetheforegroundfromthebackgroundsignals.TThroughstudyingthecosmologicalmicrowaves,onemaylearnabouttheforcesofgravityintheearlyuniverse疑為C應(yīng)為T;見theseprimevalmicrowavesholdvaluableinformationaboutfundamentalpropertiesoftheearlyuniverse.T疑為C應(yīng)為T;見theseprimevalmicrowavesholdvaluableinformationaboutfundamentalpropertiesoftheearlyuniverseInternetexpertsarewarningofanewmultitude大量ofextremelydangerouscomputervirusesthathaverecentlybeencausingdevastationandcouldpotentiallycrippleentireglobalcomputersystems.Thesevirusescanreplicatethousandsofcopieswithinhoursandarecapableofextirpatingsecuritysoftwarethat,inturn,enableshackerstoappropriatecontrolofthemachines.Criminalgangscanthenestablishbankaccountsusingstolenidentities,sabotage妨害；對…采取破壞行動acompany’scomputersystemandextortmoneyforitsrestoration,andsellcomputersthathavebeeninterferedwithontheblackmarket.Computerusersareoftenadvisedtorefrainfromopeningsuspiciousprogramattachedtotheemailsandtocontinuallyupdatetheirsecuritysoftware.不要打開郵件中的可疑程序，升級安全系統(tǒng)大量妨害；對…采取破壞行動不要打開郵件中的可疑程序，升級安全系統(tǒng)Internetexpertsareadvisingcomputeruserstoreplacetheirsoftwareiftheysuspectithasbeentamperedwith.CFormostpeople,anyreferencetohypnosis催眠bringstomindimagesofindividualsinvolvedinamusing,andoftenoutofcharacter,behavior.However,hypnosisisalsoatopicofscientificresearch.Researchbyscientistsoverthelastfewdecadeshasrevealedwaysinwhichmemoryprocesses,andprocessesinvolvedinpainperception痛知覺canbechangedusinghypnosis使用催眠可以改變記憶過程和痛知覺的過程.Ithasalsobeenfoundthathypnoticsuggestionscanregulateactivityinidentifiablesectionsofthebrainandcancontributetotheeffectivemanagementofcognitiveconflict.可以治療認(rèn)知沖突，識別腦活動Findingsfromseveralrelatedbrainimagingstudies,forexample,havesuggestedthatpeopleunderhypnosiscabexhibitreducedlevelofbrainactivityinbothvisualareaandtheanteriorcingulatecortex.Disparate不同的；不相干的researchhasalreadyestablishedtheroleofthesebrainstructuresinthemonitoringthecognitiveconflict.催眠痛知覺使用催眠可以改變記憶過程和痛知覺的過程可以治療認(rèn)知沖突，識別腦活動不同的；不相干的Workersarebecomingincreasinglyconcernedaboutcompanyrelocationduetoitsassociationwithemployeedistressandisolation,whichcanbecausedbyissuessuchasthemanagementofpropertytransitionsandlossofcommunityties.Furthermore,movinghomecanputastrainonworker’sfinancialresourcesandcloserelationships,especiallyforthoseworkingparentswhomayfeelguiltyaboutmovingchildrentonewschools.Regardlessofthedisruptioncreated,someindividualsareverywillingtorelocate,duetothepotentialforenhancedcareerprospectsandlong-termfinancialstability.Somepeoplemayfeelguiltyabouttheconsequencesofrelocating.TCompanyrelocationhasincreased.CThepotentialbenefitsofjobrelocationareseen,bysome,tobeworththeassociateddistressandstrain.TPolitical,economicanddemographicdevelopmentsarecombiningtoincreasethewealthofindividualsleadingeconomies.Theseindividualstakeamuchmoreactiveroleinmanagingtheirpersonalfinancialaffairsandindetermininghowtheirassetsshouldbeinvestedfortheirlong-termbenefit.Asaresult,weareseeingtheemergenceofanewmarket,consistingofso-called“affluentindividuals”.Thisstructuraltrendissettocontinueandwillprovidesignificantopportunitiesforfinancialservices富裕個人群體不斷增加成為financialservicesprovider的新的增長機會providers.Thisbandofindividualshastraditionallybeendominatedbyoldmoneyinheritance,andthiswillremainafactor,buttheriseofnewaffluentmoneyisincreasingasindividualsbenefitfromhighersalariesandcompensationintheformofstockoptions.Thesenewaffluentindividualsarealsocreatingwealthassmallbusinessentrepreneurs.富裕個人群體不斷增加成為financialservicesprovider的新的增長機會Affluentindividualswanttomanagetheirownassetsratherthanusefinancialserviceproviders.CIndividualscannotbecome“affluent”throughinheritingoldmoney.FInheritedoldmoneywillbecompletelyreplacedbynewaffluentmoney.F疑為C確為C;文中沒說到就是F應(yīng)該是F，因為文中說thiswillremainafactor疑為C確為C;文中沒說到就是FAtthemomentofGTC,likeotherEuropeanproducers,isabletorelieveatleastsomeofitsover-capacitybyexporting,partlytoCentralAmerica.Adecadefromnow,thatregionwillbelargelyself-sufficientandtradewillbestartingtoflowtheotherway.However,forGTCinvestors,thecompany’srecentrestructurecouldherald預(yù)示…的來臨bettertimes.Thegroup’slackoffocusandlack-lustrereturnshavebeenmuchcriticizedoflate.公司缺乏專注點和令人矚目的利潤遭到詬病已久。因此重組對investor是一件好事預(yù)示…的來臨公司缺乏專注點和令人矚目的利潤遭到詬病已久。因此重組對investor是一件好事CentralAmericawill,inthefuture,begintoexportlesstoEurope.CF個人覺得是C個人覺得是CCentralAmericanproducerswillfindareadymarketfortheirproductsinEurope.CRestructuringgenerallyproducesanincreaseinprofitability.CTheincreasingfragilityoftheruraleconomywillbethebiggestchallengefacingcountrycommunitiesoverthenexttenyears.Agriculture,whichaccountsforaquarterofruraljob,isindecline.Tourismprovidesnomorethanhalfthisnumberofjob.Theruralmanufacturingsector,however,hasgrownoverlasttenyears.Despitethis,itstillemploysfewerthanoneintwentypeoplelivinginruralarea,andisthreatenedbycompaniesbasedinindustrialareas,農(nóng)業(yè)萎縮，減少就業(yè)，其替代的旅游業(yè)和鄉(xiāng)村制造業(yè)難以創(chuàng)造很多的就業(yè)機會。企業(yè)得益于交通等因素會吸引更多農(nóng)民成為工人whichbenefitfromaccesstoalargerskilledworkforceandbettertransportationnetworks.農(nóng)業(yè)萎縮，減少就業(yè)，其替代的旅游業(yè)和鄉(xiāng)村制造業(yè)難以創(chuàng)造很多的就業(yè)機會。企業(yè)得益于交通等因素會吸引更多農(nóng)民成為工人Industriesbasedinruralareasbenefitfrombettertransportlinks.F疑為F，結(jié)合最后一個問題疑為F，結(jié)合最后一個問題Manufacturingprovidesthefewestjobsinthecountryside.CThemanufacturingsectorislikelytobethemainsourceofemploymentforruralworkersinthefuture.CIndustriesbasedinruralareassufferfrompoorertransportlinks.TInrecentyears,manyissueshavebeenconsideredwhenattemptingtoameliorate改善thewellbeingofpatientsandtheefficiencyofhospitaladministration.Patientshaveoftencomplainedaboutendlesswaitinglists,lowstandardsofcleanliness,poorhospitalfood,andunsatisfactorydoctor-patientcommunicationandnow,accordingtoanexpertfromaleadingimageconsultancy,doctors’dresscodesandtheirgeneralappearancemustcomeunderclosescrutiny監(jiān)管.Ofhealthcareprofessionalshaveanunwashedappearance,dirtynailsorunkempthair,thisexudestheimpressionofrecklessness,wearingredremindspatientsofblood,andpowerdressing專業(yè)化穿著isdiscouragedbecausepatientsmayfeelunderminedandlessrelaxed.Althoughcampaigngroupsapproveofhealthcareprofessionalsleadingbyexamplewithhighstandardsofhygiene衛(wèi)生inhospitals,someindividualsarguethatthispotentialnewimagelegislationismerelyacaseofjumpingonthebandwagon流行，時尚ofthecurrentmediatrendforhomeandlifestylemakeovers大轉(zhuǎn)變.這一立法就是在追逐時髦改善監(jiān)管專業(yè)化穿著衛(wèi)生流行，時尚大轉(zhuǎn)變這一立法就是在追逐時髦Individualshavearguedthatthecurrentmediatrendforlifestylemakeoverisdirectresultoftheconcernovertheimageofnewlegislations疑為F確為F;恰恰相反的因果關(guān)系.F疑為F確為F;恰恰相反的因果關(guān)系Newhospitallegislationstatesthathealthcareprofessionalsmusthavecleanfingernails.TItisalwayspreferableforhealthcareprofessionalstowearblueinsteadofred.COneofthegreatparadoxesofentrepreneurshipisthatentrepreneursmustdevelopthecapacitytoengagetheurgentwiththeemergent.Routinepressuresforceustoallowtheurgenttodominateus,quarterlyreports,marketshare,andtangiblereturnoninvestmentbecomeparamount最重要的inthisparadox,emergent(strategic)issuesareoftenlost.最重要的Theurgentpresentsitselfintangibleshapeandform,whereastheemergentissubtlerinitsappearance.Urgent是有形的，emergent則通常是難以觀察的Entrepreneursneedtopre-senseemergentreality,thustheyrequiremorethanordinaryattentiveness.However,informationconsumestheattentionoftherecipient,andurgentinformationisbynaturemoredemandingofattentionthanemergent.Yetitisanawarenessoftheemergentthatfrequentlydistinguishesthesuccessfulleader,theindividualwhocanseethroughthereactivedemandsofday-to-dayurgencytoactrapidlyupontheemergenttrendsthat,ifcapitalizedupon,canensurecommercialtriumph.Onewayofensuringtimetoidentifytheemergentistomaketimeforreflectivemomentsinworklifeinordertorestorethequalityofattentivenessandseethroughthefogoftheimmediate.Urgent是有形的，emergent則通常是難以觀察的Itiseasiertospotanemergenttrendthananurgentissue.F正好說反了正好說反了Thepresenttendstobegovernedbytheimmediatedemands現(xiàn)在通常是關(guān)注immediatedemands.T現(xiàn)在通常是關(guān)注immediatedemandsItiseasytolosesightofthestrategicissuesgiventhedemandsthatimmediateissuesmake.TSomedoctorsclaimthatanyinformationreceivedfromapatientduringamedicalconsultationissubjectethicallytoabsoluteconfidentialityandcaninnocircumstanceberevealedwithoutthepatient’spermission.Withoutsucharule,theybelievethatpatientswouldnotsupplyalloftheinformationneededtotreatthem.Mosthowever,believethattheirobligationstosocietyoverride踐踏theirobligationstotheirpatients;forexample,beingpreparedtoreporttothepoliceapatientwhopersistedindriving,despitetheexistenceofaconditionthatrenderedthemunsafe.Onereasonforsuchaconflictisthatwhilstcourtsrecognizetheconfidentialityofexchangebetweenlawyersandclients,thisisnotextendedtodoctorandpatients.踐踏Adoctorwouldreporttothepoliceapatientwhowasadangertoothers.CPatientsrarelygivepermissionforadoctortodiscusstheirmedicaldetailswithothers.CDoctorsareinagreement正好相反，是conflictabouttheethicsandpracticeofpatientconfidentiality.F正好相反，是conflictPrivateairlinecompanieshavealwaysbeendeterminedtooperateatransportsystemthatissafeforpassengers,whilststillremainingcompetitivelypricedandcommerciallyviable.However,aprivatesectorbusinesscanonlyremainviableifitgeneratesprofitsforitsshareholders.Recentreportssuggestthatifallaircraftswerefittedwithmilitaryderivedground-to-airmissiledefensesystem,andatallairportstherewasinfallible絕無錯誤的screeningforweaponsandexplosivesthenthesystemwouldbemuchsafer.However,totallyeffectivescreeningwouldpreclude妨礙allpossibilityofprofit,andcurrentsystemsarestillverythorough,whilstalsoprovidingagoodcost-benefitratio.目前的系統(tǒng)很好，能夠有利潤。如果全部按照最佳安全來進行配置，那么就沒有利潤了絕無錯誤的妨礙目前的系統(tǒng)很好，能夠有利潤。如果全部按照最佳安全來進行配置，那么就沒有利潤了Militaryaircraftaresaferthancommercialcraft.C(葉覺得應(yīng)該是T，的確更安全）Moreeffectiveairlinesecuritysystemsthanarecurrentlyinuseareavailable.TCurrentairlinesecuritysystemsprovidethebest沒有提及possiblemixofcostagainstbenefit.C沒有提及Fullemploymentisaconcept,whichisoftenreferredtobutseldomdefined.Beveridge’sdescriptioncomesclosetowhatmosteconomistsunderstandbytheterm.Inhisviewfullemploymentmeansthat“unemploymentisreducedtoshortintervalsofstandingby,withthecertaintythatverysoononewillbewantedinone’soldjobagainorwillbewantedinanewjobthatiswithinone’spowers.”Inotherwords,fullemploymentdoesnotmeanzerounemployment,butallowsforsomemeasureofacceptableunemployment,forexample,“frictional”unemploymentwhilstchangingjobs.Definitionsoffullemploymentareabundant.F第一句，seldem第一句，seldemSomeeconomistsdonotunderst