單元素養(yǎng)檢測卷(四)Unit-4-公開課

單元素養(yǎng)檢測卷(四)[Unit4][時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分]第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。(A)1．Whatisthemanlookingfor?A．Hisphone.B．Hiswallet.C．Hiskeys.(B)2．Whatwouldthewomanliketohave?A．Cake.B．Coffee.C．Candy.(B)3．Whathomeworkdoesthewomanhave?A．English.B．French.C．Maths.(A)4．Howdidthewomangetthehat?A．Shemadeitherself.B．SheboughtitforChristmas.C．Shegotitfromherclassmate.(C)5．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．She'sgoodatbasketball.B．Shelikesplayingbasketball.C．She'seasytobebeateninthegame.聽力材料Text1M:Okay,Ihavemykeys,mywallet,and…Waitaminute…Whereismyphone?W:Iputitinyourbag.It'salmostoutofbattery,though.Text2M:WhatcanIgetforyou,Miss?Wehaveaspecialpriceoncaketoday!It'sonlytwodollarseachpiece.W:No,thankyou.I'djustlikealargecoffeewithnocreamorsugar.Text3M:Howmuchhomeworkdoyouhavethisweekend?I'vefinishedmyEnglishreport,soIjusthavetostudyformaths.W:AllIhaveisalittlebitofFrench.Doyouneedsomehelpwithyourmaths?Text4M:That'sanicehat!Itlookssowarmforwinter.DidyougetitforChristmas?W:No,Iactuallymadeitmyself!Itookaclassthatteacheshowtomakeclothesatschoollastfall.Text5M:We'regoingtotheparktoplaybasketball.Doyouwanttocome?Youcanbeontheotherteam.W:Youalwayssaythat.Ithinkyoujustwanttowinagain.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。(A)6．Whydidthemanhaveagoodday?A．Hegaveagreatspeech.B．Hehaddinnerwithhisboss.C．Hegotahigherpositionatwork.(C)7．Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisjob?A．Helikestheboss.B．Helikestheco-workers.C．Helikestheopportunitiestogrow.聽力材料Text6W:Howwasworktoday?You'rehomelate.Butyouseemhappy!M:Iam!Igaveaspeechaboutourcompanyandproductsinfrontofmycustomersandco-workers,anditwentverywell.ThenIwenttodinnerwithmyco-workerstocelebrate.W:That'swonderful!Soisyourbossgoingtopayyoumoremoney?M:Notyet.Butifthere'sahigherpositionopen,she'llmovemeup.ThenI'llmakegoodmoney.I'msohappyIhavethisjob.Itgivesmemoreresponsibilityandopportunitiestogrow.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。(B)8．What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Brotherandsister.B．Classmates.C．Teammates.(C)9．Wherewillthewomangofirstthisafternoon?A．Tothelibrary.B．Totheman'shouse.C．Tothesoccerfield.聽力材料Text7M:DoyouwanttostudyGermantogetherthisafternoon?Thetextbookishardtounderstand.W:Sure.IhaveaGermandictionarywecanusetohelpusreadthebook.M:Ihaveone,too.IalsohavealotofnotesthatItookwhileMrsJoneswasteachinginclass.W:Perfect!Doyouwanttogotothelibrarytostudy?M:Let'sgotomyhouseinstead.Mymumwillmakeussnacks,andit'llbemorecomfortable.W:Okay.ButIhavetogotosoccerpracticefirst.It'lljustbeforanhour.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。(C)10．WheredoesEmmaShapplincomefrom?A．Britain.B．Italy.C．France.(A)11．Whydidtheman'sparentslistentoEmmaShapplin?A．Hervoiceisbeautiful.B．Shesanginamodernway.C．Theyarefromthesametown.(C)12．Howoldisthemannow?A．10yearsold.B．20yearsold.C．30yearsold.聽力材料Text8W:Whatareyoulisteningto,Michael?Itsoundslikeopera.IsitinEnglish?M:You'rerightaboutpartofit.ShesingsItalianoperabutinamodernway.ThisisasingerI'velikedsinceIwas10yearsold.Myparentsusedtolistentoheralot.HernameisEmmaShapplin.She'saFrenchwoman,justlikemymother.Infact,theycomefromthesametown.Butthat'snotwhymyparentslistenedtohersongs.W:Whatwastheirmainreason?M:Listenforaminute…Canyouhearwhatalovelyvoiceshehas?IlistentohermusicjustasmuchnowasIfirstdid20yearsago.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。(A)13．Whattimeofyearisit?A．Summer.B．Fall.C．Winter.(B)14．Whatdoesthemanwantforhisvacation?A．Beingaroundpeople.B．Goingsomewherenew.C．Enjoyingcoolerweather.(C)15．Wherewillthemango?A．Tothebeach.B．Tothemountains.C．Toalake.(A)16．Whatwillthetwospeakersdofirst?A．Chooseahotel.B．Rentacar.C．Plansomeevents.聽力材料Text9M:Helpmeplanmyvacationfornextweek!W:Okay.Whatdoyouneedtodo?M:Ihavetorentacar,findahotel,andplaneventstodo.W:Whereareyougoing?M:Ican'tdecideifIshouldgotothebeachorthemountains.Ilovethebeach,butIgothereeveryyear.Andit'salwayssobusyrightnowinthesummer.Iwanttogosomewheredifferent.Ihaven'tbeentothemountains,butit'llbecoldupthereevenatthistimeofyear.W:Whydon'tyougotoalake?Iwenttoonelastfallandlovedit.It'sdifferentfromthebeachanddoesn'thavecrowdsofpeople.Anditwillstillbewarmerrightnowthangoingupintothemountainareas.M:Goodidea!I'lldothat.NowwhatdoIdo?W:Nowweneedtofindahotelforyoutostay.Thenwe'llgetontotheotherthings.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。(B)17．Whenisthesale?A．Today.B．Thisweekend.C．Nextweekend.(B)18．Whatisthediscountoncatfood?A．20%off.B．25%off.C．30%off.(A)19．Whatisthenewkindofpetfoodduringthesale?A．Pigfood.B．Dogfood.C．Mousefood.(C)20．Whatkindoftoysarebeingsoldfordogs?A．Mousetoys.B．Balltoys.C．Ropetoys.聽力材料Text10Hello,everyone.I'mgoingtotellyougoodnewstoday.MakesureyoubringyourpetstoThePetCornerthisweekend!We'rehavingasaleonfoodandtoysforyourpets.Youwon'twanttomissout!Allkindsofdogfoodaregoingtobe30%off.Catfoodwillbe25%offtheoriginalprice.We'realsobringingoutanewtypeofpetfoodduringoursale.It'spigfood.Ithasrecentlybecomepopulartokeepmini-pigs(小型豬)aspets.So,ifyou'reapetpigowner,we'veevengotasaleforyouthisweekend!Ourpigfoodpricesare35%off,thisweekendonly.Andforallanimals,wehavetoys,toys,toys!Fordogsandpigs,ourshelvesarefullofstuffedanimalsandropetoys.Pigsliketochewthingsup,too!Andforourcatfriends,wehaveplentyofballtoysandmousetoys.Alltoysare20%off.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AStepintoMovingtoMars,anexhibitionofMarsmissionandcolonydesignatLondon'sDesignMuseum,andimmediatelyyouhavegoodreasonsnottomovethere.Frighteningglowingwall-textsannouncethatMarswasn'tmadeforyou,andthatthereisnolifeandpreciouslittlewater,andthat,dressedinaspacesuit,youwillnevertouch,tasteorsmelltheplanetyounowcall“home”.AsLisaGrossmanwroteforNewScientistacoupleofyearsago,“What'sdifferentaboutMarsisthatthereisnothingtodothereexcepttrynottodie.”Itisanoddbeginningforsuchacelebratoryexhibition,butitprovidesavaluable,darkbackgroundagainstwhichtherestoftheshowcansparkle(閃耀)—ashowthatis，asitschiefmanagerJustinremarks，“notaboutMars;thisisanexhibitionaboutpeople.”Movingalong,thereisaquickyetclearflashthroughwhatthesciencefictionwriterRobinsoncalls“thehistoryofMarsinthehumanmind”.ABabylonianclaytabletandaGreekvasespeaktoearlyideasabouttheplanet.AposterfortheoriginalTotalRecallfilmremindsusofMars'spsychologicalthreat.ThemainpartoftheshowisourcurrentplansfortheRedPlanet.Therearerealspacesuitsandmodelsof3D-printedMartiansettlementsandsuitableclothingandfurniture.Missionarchitecturesandengineeringsketcheslinethewalls.RealhammersmeantfortheInternationalSpaceStationarewall-mountedbesidealow-gravitytablethathasyettoleave,andmayindeedneverleave,Earth.This,ofcourse,isthegreatstrengthofapproachingsciencethroughdesign:realityandassumptioncanbegivenequalvisualweight,drawingusintoaninformedconversationaboutwhatitisthatweactuallywantfromafutureonMars.(D)21．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．HowtomovetoMars.B．HowtosurviveonMars.C．WhatpreparationswemadeforMars.D．WhattheexhibitionofMarstrulytellsus.(A)22．WhatcanwelearnfromLisaGrossman?A．It'simpossibletoliveonMars.B．It'snogoodsettlingonMars.C．YouhavenothingtodolivingonMars.D．YoucanliveonMarsinaspacesuit.(A)23．Whatdoestheexhibitionfocuson?A．ThecurrentplansforMars.B．TheadvantagesoflivingonMars.C．TheearlyideasaboutMars.D．ThehistoryofMarsinthehumanmind.【語篇解讀】文章主要講述了倫敦設(shè)計(jì)博物館的火星任務(wù)和殖民地設(shè)計(jì)展覽“移居火星”的基本情況。21．D主旨大意題。第一段是文章的總述部分，第二至第五段詳細(xì)介紹了展覽的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，結(jié)合尾段作者的觀點(diǎn)可知，本文主要是關(guān)于“移居火星”展覽真正告訴我們的信息。22．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AsLisaGrossmanwroteforNewScientistacoupleofyearsago,‘What'sdifferentaboutMarsisthatthereisnothingtodothereexcepttrynottodie.’”(就像LisaGrossman幾年前為《新科學(xué)家》寫的那樣，“火星的不同之處在于，人類除了努力地活著之外，在那里什么也做不了?！?可知，從LisaGrossman的話中我們能了解到在火星上生活是不可能的。故選A。23．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“ThemainpartoftheshowisourcurrentplansfortheRedPlanet.”(展覽的主要部分是我們目前對“紅色星球”的計(jì)劃)可知，展覽的重點(diǎn)是關(guān)于火星目前的計(jì)劃。故選A。BInthedistantpast,ourancestorsreliedonstarstoguidethemonaclearnight.Today,wehavenavigational(導(dǎo)航的)systemstohelpusfindourway,thelatestofwhichistheBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS).TheBDSisentirelybuiltbyChineseengineers.WiththelaunchofthelastsatellitefromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCentreonJune23,theglobalnetworkof59satelliteshasbeencompleted.OnJuly31,BeiDoustartedprovidingservicescoveringourwholeplanet.It'sdifficulttoimaginethegreatinfluencethosesatelliteshaveonourdailylives.WhenyouunlockoneofHellobike'sbicycles,youareusingtheBDS.“TheintelligentlockoneachbikereceivesBeiDousatellitesignalsandsendspositioninginformationtothedatacentrewhichwillhelpcollectbigdataonthebikesandpredictusers'ridingneedsinadvanceaccordingtothedata，”ChuYiqun,amanagerofHellobikementioned.Userscanalsofindsharedbikesmoreaccurately(精確地)thankstoBeiDou'sglobalpositioningaccuracyof2.34metres.BeiDouadoptsauniquetwo-waycommunicationsystem,includingitsabilitytoreceivemessagessentbypeoplefromareaswithpoorcommunicationsignals.Obviouslythisfunctionisn'tdesignedforuserstochatonline.Instead,itplaysarolewhendisastersoccurandcommunicationsareblocked.AftertheWenchuanEarthquakein2008,allground-basedcommunicationfacilitieswereinterrupted.ThoughthefirstgenerationofBeiDoucouldonlysend120charactersinasinglemessageatthattime,communicationbetweenaffectedareasandrescuecentreswassuccessful.Now,BeiDou'smessagingabilityhasbeenincreasedto1，200Chinesecharactersinasinglemessage.Itiswidelyusedindisasteralarms,automaticidentificationandinformationrelease.AsSunJiadong,formerchiefdesigneroftheBDSsaid,“The__application__of__BeiDou__is__only__limited__by__imagination.”(B)24．WhydoestheauthormentionHellobikeinParagraph3?A．TostresstheexcellentpositioningabilityoftheBDS.B．ToshowhowtheBDSmakespeople'sdailyliveseasier.C．TopresenttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheBDS.D．ToexplainhowtheBDSworks.(A)25．WhatisBeidou'stwo-waycommunicationsystemdesignedfor?A．Tohelppeoplewhencommunicationsignalsarepoor.B．Tomakeusers'dailycommunicationmorefun.C．Toallowuserstochatonlinemorefreely.D．Tocollectdatafromusersforthedatacentre.(A)26．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A．BeiDoumaybemorehelpfulthanweknow.B．BeiDouinspiresusers'imagination.C．BeiDouneedstobefurtherimproved.D．BeiDouislimitedinapplication.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了北斗導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展以及在我們生活中的應(yīng)用。24．B推理判斷題。第三段中提到“It'sdifficulttoimaginethegreatinfluencethosesatelliteshaveonourdailylives.”(很難想象這些衛(wèi)星對我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹木薮笥绊?；下文舉出Hellobike的例子，“WhenyouunlockoneofHellobike'sbicycles,youareusingtheBDS.”(當(dāng)你解鎖其中一輛Hellobike自行車時(shí)，你就使用了北斗系統(tǒng))和“Userscanalsofindsharedbikesmoreaccurately(精確地)thankstoBeidou'sglobalpositioningaccuracyof2.34metres.”(由于北斗全球衛(wèi)星定位精度可達(dá)到2.34米，用戶還可以更準(zhǔn)確地找到共享自行車)。由此可知，作者是以Hellobike為例說明北斗系統(tǒng)對人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹挠绊?，以及如何讓人們的日常生活更輕松。故選B。25．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“BeiDouadoptsauniquetwo-waycommunicationsystem,includingitsabilitytoreceivemessagessentbypeoplefromareaswithpoorcommunicationsignals.”(北斗系統(tǒng)采用獨(dú)特的雙向通信系統(tǒng)，能夠接收來自通信信號(hào)較差地區(qū)的人們發(fā)送的信息)和“itplaysarolewhendisastersoccurandcommunicationsareblocked.”(當(dāng)災(zāi)難發(fā)生、通訊中斷時(shí)，它就會(huì)發(fā)揮作用)可知，北斗雙向通信系統(tǒng)是為了在通信信號(hào)不好或者信號(hào)中斷時(shí)幫助人們。故選A。26．A句意理解題。在最后一段中，前首席設(shè)計(jì)師孫家棟說“TheapplicationofBeiDouisonlylimitedbyimagination.”(北斗的應(yīng)用只受到想象力的限制)，即北斗系統(tǒng)還有更多的其他的應(yīng)用，是人們還沒有想象到的。北斗系統(tǒng)對我們的幫助可能比我們能想到的更多。故選A。CChina'shistoric23-dayChang'e5missionhasnotonlyobtainedpreciousrockandsoilsamplesfromthemoon,buthasalsobroughtbackagroupofseedsthattravelledthefurthestinthenation'sagriculturalandforestryhistories.Morethan30kindsofseeds,includingthatofrice,oatsetc.,wereplacedinsidethemulti-moduleChang'e5spacecraftandorbitedaroundthemoonforabout15days.Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafterbeingexposedtoextraterrestrial(地外的)forcesinlunarorbitandalsohopedthattheycoulddevelopbeneficialmutations(突變).Thismissionofferedgoodopportunitiestoscientists,whichenabledthemtodeepentheirstudiesontheeffectofcosmicraysonthegrowthandevolutionoflifeonEarth.Space-basedmutationbreedingreferstotheprocessofexposingseedstoforcessuchasmicrogravity,vacuumsandcosmicradiationduringaspaceflightandthensendingthembacktoEarthforfurtherobservationandplanting.Researchersobserveandexamineseveralgenerationsofplantsgrownfromspace-bredseedsandinvestigatetheirmutations—somearepositiveanddesirablewhileothersarenegative.Thosewithpositivemutationswillbekeptandanalysed,andwillbeintroducedtofarmersaftertheircertificationandapproval.Spacebreedingcangeneratemutationsfasterandmoreconvenientlythanground-basedexperimentsandcanbringaboutsomedesirabletraitsthatareotherwisehardtointroduce.Comparedwithnaturalorconventionallybredtypesofplants,space-developedversionswithpositivemutationsusuallyfeaturehighernutritionalcontent,greaterannualyields,shortergrowthperiodsandbetterresistancetodiseasesandinsectpests.Chinaconducteditsfirstspacebreedingexperimentin1987,usingasatellitetocarryseedsintospace.Sincethen,hundredsofkindsofseedsandseedlingshavetravelledwithdozensofChinesespaceships.Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutatedplantsinChinathathavebeenapprovedforlarge-scalecultivation,rangingfromgrainstovegetablesandfruits.TheChang'e5roboticmissionreturned1，731gramsoflunarrockandsoiltoEarth,markingahistoricaccomplishment44yearsafterthelastlunarsubstancesweretakenback.(D)27．WhyweretheseedsplacedinsideChang'e5?A．Topickoutthefittestformutations.B．Tounderstandextraterrestrialforces.C．Tostudytheintensityofcosmicrays.D．Toexposethemtoaspecialenvironment.(B)28．Whatdoweknowaboutspace-basedmutationbreeding?A．Itisnotatime-consumingprocess.B．Mutationsdevelopinarandomway.C．Itoftenbringsaboutdesirableeffects.D．Approvalwillbegrantedtomutatedplants.(D)29．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Itisacustomtoputseedlingsonaspacecraft.B．Chinawasthefirsttodoaspacebreedingexperiment.C．Itissometimesinceseedswerelasttakenintospace.D．Spacebreedinghasbroughtuscommercialbenefits.(A)30．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Space-bredSeedsOfferGreatChancesB．Chang'e5ReturnswithaBigPackageC．PlantMutationsResultinaBetterLifeD．SeedsfromSpaceMarkaNewHistory【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章提到了嫦娥五號(hào)不僅從月球帶回了寶貴的巖石和土壤樣本，還帶回了放置在飛船內(nèi)的30多種種子。文章主要對太空育種的概念、優(yōu)勢和收益進(jìn)行了介紹。27．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Scientistswishedtocheckwhatwouldhappentotheseedsafterbeingexposedtoextraterrestrialforcesinlunarorbitandalsohopedthattheycoulddevelopbeneficialmutations.(科學(xué)家們希望檢查這些種子在月球軌道上暴露于外星力量后會(huì)發(fā)生什么，也希望它們能發(fā)展出有益的突變)，與D項(xiàng)中的“讓它們處于一個(gè)特殊的環(huán)境”相符，故選D項(xiàng)。28．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句investigatetheirmutations—somearepositiveanddesirablewhileothersarenegative(研究它們的突變發(fā)現(xiàn)，有些是積極的和可取的，而另一些是消極的)可知，突變是隨機(jī)的，故選B項(xiàng)。29．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段的第三句Spacebreedinghashelpedtoproducemorethan200newtypesofmutatedplantsinChinathathavebeenapprovedforlarge-scalecultivation(太空育種已幫助中國培育出200多種新型誘變植物，并已被批準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行大規(guī)模培育)及markingahistoricaccomplishment可知，太空育種給我們帶來了商業(yè)成就。故選D項(xiàng)。30．A標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要講述了嫦娥5號(hào)攜帶回了一些種子，并由此講述了太空育種帶來的巨大影響和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。由此可知選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inlessthantwodecades,SpaceXwentfromElonMusk'sdreamofagreenhouseexperimentonMarstoconductingthemajorityofU．S.rocketlaunches.TheearlyyearsofSpaceXwasontheedgeofdyingout,asMuskhassaid.31．__D__WhileMuskprovidedthevision,hiscompanywasnotanovernightsuccess.32．__C__SpaceXhaswonbillionsofdollarsinNASAandAirForcelaunchcontracts.Italsocarriespayloadsforprivatecompanies.33．__A__IfMusk'slong-termgoalofsendinghumanstoMarsisgoingtoberealised,SpaceXmustbeabletoregularlyandsafelylaunchastronautsintoorbit.In2020,CEOElonMuskhasrestatedthatSpaceXisstillpursuingamajorrocketreusemilestoneheoriginallysetforthecompanyseveralyearsago.34．__G__Inaconferencecallwithreporters,MuskfamouslyrevealedthattheBlock5upgradeincludeddesignchangesthatwouldfinallyallowSpaceXtoreuseorbital-classFalconboosters(助推器)atleasttentimeseach.MusksaysthatSpaceXonlyneedstoflyeachboosterthreetimestoensurethatboosterreuseischeaperthanjustbuildingnewrockets.35．__F__A．In2019,SpaceXfaceditsgreatestchallenge:launchingastronautsforNASA.B．AMarch2020enginefailurepreventedboosterrecoverybutdidn'tprecludemissionsuccess.C．KeypeoplehelpedSpaceXdevelopintothebusinessitistoday.D．Afterthreeunsuccessfulattemptstoreachorbit,histeammadehistorywithitsFalcon1rocket.E．NowSpaceXisvaluedatover$30billionandhasmorethan6，000employeesaroundthecountry.F．Withroutinelyreusingrockets,itcansavemajorresourcesandreducethecosthighly.G．TheothergoalisthatitsFalconrocketscouldfinallysoarfarbeyondit.【語篇解讀】文章介紹了在不到20年的時(shí)間里，美國太空探索技術(shù)公司如何從埃隆·馬斯克的火星溫室實(shí)驗(yàn)夢想一步步變成了美國大多數(shù)火箭的發(fā)射公司的。31．D總結(jié)句。第一句主題句，介紹20年發(fā)展歷程，從垂死邊緣到創(chuàng)造歷史。故選D。32．C由前句可知，雖然馬斯克提供了這個(gè)愿景，但他的公司的成功并不是一蹴而就的。后句提到該公司所取得的成就，所以本空為過渡句，表順承關(guān)系。故選C。33．A主旨句，由下句可知，如果馬斯克將人類送入火星的長期目標(biāo)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)，太空探索技術(shù)公司必須能夠定期安全地將宇航員送入軌道。故選A。34．G由上句可知，在2020年，首席執(zhí)行官埃隆·馬斯克重申，他幾年前為該公司最初設(shè)定的一個(gè)主要的目標(biāo)是火箭的重復(fù)使用，所以該空應(yīng)該為另一個(gè)目標(biāo)。故選G。35．F結(jié)尾句，隨著火箭的常規(guī)重復(fù)使用，它可以節(jié)省主要資源，并大大地降低成本。呼應(yīng)前文，故選F。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Asabusinesswoman,Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection,__36__canalsodriveyoumad.They'llcomerushingin,__37__theirhandbag'sbeenstolen.They'll__38__thattheyleftitinthechangingroom,createhavoc(混亂)andthen__39__ithasbeenintheircarallthetime.They'llhaveouthalfthe__40__intheshop,andwanttheonlystyleyoudon'thaveleftina__41__colour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeep__42__.Irememberthefirstreally__43__customerwehadatCoventGarden.Shewas__44__absolutelyeverything;nothingwasrightandIwasrather__45__thatshebecamea“regular”.Afterawhile,she__46__forthewayshebehavedatthebeginning.Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore,waslivinginaflat__47__，andsinceshe'dfoundittoomuchtocopewith(應(yīng)對),she'dtakenitouton__48__people.Thattaughtmeavaluable__49__andIpassitontothepeoplewho__50__inthemarket.Don'ttakeit__51__．Ifacustomerisrudeordifficult,justthink“Maybeshe'shadarowwithherhusband.Maybeherchild'snot__52__．”Alwayswateritdownanddon'tletyourego(自我)get__53__．Ifyoudo,youwon'tbeableto__54__itandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat__55__everyone'sday.()36．A．shopkeepersB．customersC．salespeopleD．receptionists(A)37．A．sayingB．pretendingC．guessingD．replying(D)38．A．a(chǎn)greeB．promiseC．imagineD．swear(C)39．A．forgetB．decideC．discoverD．a(chǎn)ssume(D)40．A．foodsB．cataloguesC．belongingsD．goods(A)41．A．particularB．differentC．matchingD．natural(B)42．A．fightingB．smilingC．waitingD．changing(D)43．A．generousB．politeC．carelessD．difficult(B)44．A．curiousaboutB．displeasedwithC．patientwithD．uncertainabout(C)45．A．relaxedB．delightedC．surprisedD．embarrassed(D)46．A．searchedB．a(chǎn)rguedC．prayedD．a(chǎn)pologised(B)47．A．bychanceB．byherselfC．onpurposeD．onduty(C)48．A．rudeB．badC．otherD．lonely(A)49．A．lessonB．trickC．skillD．trade(A)50．A．workB．shopC．meetD．quarrel(C)51．A．kindlyB．secretlyC．personallyD．casually(D)52．A．readyB．greatC．rightD．well(B)53．A．outofsightB．inthewayC．behindthesceneD．a(chǎn)bovethelaw(C)54．A．stressB．expectC．handleD．blame(A)55．A．ruinsB．makesC．startsD．saves【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。身為女企業(yè)家的“我”關(guān)心顧客卻也常被顧客的各種無理取鬧折磨到發(fā)狂。一次在與一位女顧客交流過后“我”才明白，顧客的粗魯和難纏可能是有原因的，在遇到這樣的情況時(shí)，不要讓自己的主觀意識(shí)妨礙你內(nèi)心的判斷。36．B根據(jù)首句中“…Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers”可知此處是指顧客也會(huì)把人折磨到發(fā)狂。shopkeeper店主；salespeople銷售員；receptionist接待員。37．A下文為顧客講述自己丟失物品的過程。顧客可能會(huì)沖進(jìn)來，說(saying)她們的包被偷走了。pretend假裝；guess猜測；reply回復(fù)。38．D然后她們斬釘截鐵地說，她們把包放在了更衣室。swear表示“肯定地說”，符合語境。agree同意；promise承諾；imagine想象。39．C她們過來制造了極大的混亂之后才發(fā)現(xiàn)(discover)包一直就在她們的車子里面。forget忘記；decide決定；assume猜想，假設(shè)。40．D結(jié)合語境可知，她們會(huì)把商店里一半的商品都翻騰出來。goods意為“貨物，商品”，符合語境。food食物；catalogue目錄；belongings隨身物品。41．A根據(jù)語境可知，顧客挑剔是因?yàn)樗齻兿胍愕昀锬莻€(gè)唯一沒有剩下的特定顏色的款式。particular表示“特別的”，符合語境。different不同的；matching相配的；natural自然的。42．B“我”真的很了解那些店員們(碰到這種情況)是多么沮喪，但是“我”還是盡量說服他們要保持微笑(smiling)。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，身為服務(wù)行業(yè)人員，即使遭受顧客各種“虐待”也應(yīng)該要盡量保持微笑。fight戰(zhàn)斗；wait等待；change改變。43．D作者回憶起自己遇到過的一個(gè)真的很難應(yīng)付的顧客，下文“Ifacustomerisrudeordifficult…”也暗示此處指難應(yīng)付的顧客。difficult意為“難以討好的，難以取悅的”，符合語境。generous慷慨的，大方的；polite有禮貌的；careless粗心的。44．B這么難應(yīng)付的顧客當(dāng)然是對每一樣?xùn)|西都不滿意。bedispleasedwith表示“對……不滿意”，符合語境。becuriousabout對……好奇；bepatientwith對……有耐心；beuncertainabout對……不確定。45．C這樣一位對每樣?xùn)|西都不滿意的人，“我”很驚訝(surprised)她成了商場的?？?。relaxed輕松的；delighted高興的；embarrassed尷尬的。46．D結(jié)合上下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指這位顧客為開始時(shí)她的行為道歉。apologisefor表示“為……道歉”，符合語境。search搜尋；argue爭論，主張；pray祈禱。47．B這位女士說她和她丈夫一周前離婚了，她獨(dú)自住在一套公寓里。結(jié)合上文的“splitupwith”(與……分手)可知，后面談到的是她獨(dú)自一個(gè)人生活。byherself表示“單獨(dú)地；獨(dú)自地”，符合語境。bychance偶然；onpurpose故意；onduty值班。48．C她發(fā)現(xiàn)事情太多了以至于沒有辦法應(yīng)對，她就把這些(不愉快)發(fā)泄出去，遷怒到其他(other)人身上了。49．A那件事給了“我”一個(gè)教訓(xùn)(lesson)。結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，作者從中明白了很多道理，用lesson最合適。trick技巧，詭計(jì)；skill技術(shù)；trade生意。50．A作者學(xué)到了很多，并且把學(xué)到的這些道理傳達(dá)給在這個(gè)商場工作(work)的人。51．C如果一個(gè)顧客對你態(tài)度粗魯或者很難應(yīng)付，不要在意，他們不是針對你?！癉on'ttakeitpersonally.”意為“不要在意，別往心里去”。kindly友善地；secretly秘密地；casually隨意地。52．D或許她和她丈夫吵架了，或許她的孩子不舒服。well作為形容詞，意為“健康的”。上句中havearowwithsb意為“與某人吵架”。兩句應(yīng)該指的都是不太好的事情，空格處指孩子不舒服，符合語境。53．B遇到這樣的情況時(shí)，一定要緩和語氣，不要讓自我意識(shí)妨礙了你的判斷。intheway表示“妨礙，阻擋”。該句中waterdown為熟詞生義用法，本意為“加水稀釋”，此處指“緩和語氣”。outofsight看不見；behindthescene在幕后；abovethelaw凌駕于法律之上。54．C如果你讓自我意識(shí)占了上風(fēng)，那么你就不能很好地處理這個(gè)問題。handle處理；stress強(qiáng)調(diào)；expect期待，指望；blame責(zé)備。55．A結(jié)合上一題可知，如果你不能很好地處理這種情況，那么整件事情就會(huì)發(fā)展成一個(gè)不好的局面，然后讓所有人的一天都糟透了。ruinone'sday意為“讓某人的一天糟透了”，符合語境。make制作；start開始；save拯救，節(jié)約。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Manyofuswonderwhatliesinouterspace.Whenwelookup56．__at/into__thenightsky,weseestars,thetwinkleofamovingsatelliteand57．__occasionally__(occasion)adistantplanet.Butonethingwedon'tseeisthemillionsofpiecesofjunkfillingupspace.Theamountofspacejunk58．__is__increasing/has__been__increasing__(increase).Overthelastfewdecades,satellitesandrockets59．__have__been__launched__(launch)intospace,litteringthecosmosastheygo.Thefearisthat60．__if__wedon'tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.NobuOkada,CEOofAstroscale，61．__a__companyworkingonwaystocleanupspacejunk,says“evenasmallpaintfleckhasenoughpower62．__to__blow__(blow)upothersatellites.”It'sclear63．__that__asolutionisneededsoacelestialdeepcleancantakeplace.64．__Looking__(look)tothefuture,likeanylitterproblem,weneedtolookatwaysofcreating65．__less__(little).【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。許多人知道垃圾是地球上的一個(gè)大問題，很多人不知道的是，垃圾在外太空已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)問題。56．a(chǎn)t/into考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)我們仰望夜空時(shí)，我們會(huì)看到星星……固定短語lookupat/into表示“抬頭看，仰望”。故填at/into。57．occasionally考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)我們仰望夜空時(shí)，我們會(huì)看到星星，正在移動(dòng)的閃爍的衛(wèi)星，偶爾還會(huì)看到一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的星球。修飾動(dòng)詞see，應(yīng)用副詞形式，作狀語。故填occasionally。58．isincreasing/hasbeenincreasing考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：太空垃圾的數(shù)量正在增多。根據(jù)句意可知，此處可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或者表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作且還要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。主語為表示單數(shù)意義的theamountofspacejunk，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，故填isincreasing/hasbeenincreasing。59．havebeenlaunched考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在過去的幾十年中，人造衛(wèi)星和火箭已經(jīng)發(fā)射升空。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“Overthelastfewdecades”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語“satellitesandrockets”和動(dòng)詞“l(fā)aunch”是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，被發(fā)射，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式。主語為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，故填havebeenlaunched。60．if考查狀語從句。句意：如果我們不盡快將這種垃圾帶出天空，它將對現(xiàn)役衛(wèi)星構(gòu)成重大威脅。句子為“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)，Thefear是主語，that引導(dǎo)表語從句，再分析后半句可知，其是條件狀語從句，表示“如果我們不盡快將垃圾帶出去，垃圾將對現(xiàn)役衛(wèi)星構(gòu)成重大威脅”。故填if。61．a(chǎn)考查冠詞。句意：致力于清理太空垃圾的公司Astroscale的首席執(zhí)行官Okada說：“即使很小的油漆斑點(diǎn)也有足夠的力量炸毀其他衛(wèi)星?！贝颂幏褐浮耙患夜尽保瑧?yīng)用不定冠詞，company的發(fā)音是以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用a。故填a。62．toblow考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意同上。haveenoughpowertodosth表示“有足夠的力量做某事”，不定式作后置定語。故填toblow。63．that考查主語從句。句意：很顯然，需要一種解決方案，這樣才能進(jìn)行天體深層清潔。此處是“Itis＋adj.＋that”句型。真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句，為了避免頭重腳輕，it作形式主語。故填that。64．Looking考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：展望未來，就像其他垃圾問題一樣，我們需要研究產(chǎn)生更少污染的方法。此處和主語we是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，表示主動(dòng)，在句子中作狀語。位于句首，單詞首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Looking。65．less考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：展望未來，就像其他垃圾問題一樣，我們需要研究產(chǎn)生更少污染的方法。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指“產(chǎn)生更少污染的方法”，應(yīng)用little的比較級(jí)。故填less。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)學(xué)生李津。你校上周舉辦了主題為“太空探索”的科技周(ScienceandTechnologyWeek)活動(dòng)，請你給你的英國朋友Mike寫一封郵件，跟他聊聊這次活動(dòng)。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：1．邀請了張教授做關(guān)于嫦娥五號(hào)月球探測器(Chang'e5LunarProbe)的講座；2．舉辦了太空探索圖片展，了解中國航天史和航天英雄們的事跡；3．你的收獲……注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．包含以上內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：航天spaceexplorationOnepossibleversion：DearMike，Howiseverythinggoingrecently？MyschoollaunchedthecampaignofScienceandTechnologyWeekwhosethemeis“SpaceExploration”lastweek.AndIcan'twaittotellyouwhatIhaveexperiencedandlearned.Therewerevariousmeaningfulactivitiesduringthewholeweek.Firstly,ourschoolinvitedProfessorZhangtogiveusalectureconcerningChina'sChang'e5LunarProbe.MrZhangtoldustheprocessofthesuccessfullandingonthemoon,whichmadeusveryproud.Besides,ourschoolalsoheldanexhibitionofphotosaboutspaceexplorationofourcount