心理學(xué)第三章consciousness

心理學(xué)第三章consciousnessChap3Consciousness知覺意識Nottobeconfusedwithconscience不要讓意識混淆自己Awarenessofourselfandoursurroundings隨時注意到自己和自己的周圍OtherideasAwarenessofawareness意識到意識Beingawarethatyouareaware注意自己注意到的東西Multiconsciousness多重意識SelectiveAttention

andotherphenomenon

選擇性注意SelectiveAttentionBroadbent布羅德本特Focusingawarenessonaparticularstimulus一個特定意識的專注研究SelectiveAttention

andotherphenomenonCocktailPartyEffect雞尾酒會效應(yīng)Canlistentoonepersoninagroup人群中專注于一個人的說話Listeningtothegroupyouarewithataparty人群中專注于你自己朋友們的對話Someoneinagroupbehindyoumentionsyourname你周圍提到你名字的人Yourattentionshiftstotheconversationbehindyou在不同人身上轉(zhuǎn)換注意力Wouldn’tmindifIdid

在意無礙Unconsciousprocessing潛意識過程Definitions定義 BiologicalRhythms生物節(jié)律Menstruation月經(jīng)Circadian生理節(jié)奏timeandtides歲月順流逆流ruleusall影響我們所有的人Waking醒著Bodytemp體溫Sleeping睡眠TosleepperchancetodreamTosleep:perchancetodream:ay,there‘stherub;睡眠偶爾創(chuàng)造夢境：嗨，小心障礙物Forinthatsleepofdeathwhatdreamsmaycome在夢境中夢想成真（whatdreamsmaycome電影美夢成真）Whenwehaveshuffledoffthismortalcoil,當(dāng)我們擺脫塵世煩惱Mustgiveuspause:there‘stherespect人們需要暫停，需要有尊重Thatmakescalamityofsolonglife;生命中難免有艱辛Sleep睡眠Definition定義Periodicnaturallossofconsciousness定期的自然喪失意識Kindamaybebutnotcomplete但不是全部Thereisawarenessofsurroundings對周圍還有意識Thereisawarenessof“biologicalneeds”生理需要清醒Anyoneelseeverhaveadream有沒有從來沒做過夢的Howaboutalucidone一個清晰的怎么樣FiveStagesofsleep睡眠五階段One(betaalphatheta)（希臘字母最初時間消耗值）Hypnagogic入睡前發(fā)生的Two(Theta)時間遞耗SleepSpindle梭狀波睡眠Three(Delta)Deltawavesleepδ波睡眠FourDeltawavesleep夢游Sleepwalkwetthebed尿床Nightterrors夢驚REM(Alpha,Theta,desynchronous)異步不同期Dreamandnightmares噩夢FiveStagesofsleepThisisacycle五個睡眠階段是一個循環(huán)行為通常為九十分鐘一循環(huán)睡眠深度循環(huán)通常如下1,2,3,4,3,2,REM,或者2,3,4,3,2,REMEachcyclelesstimeindeepsleep(3and4)andmoreinREM最深度睡眠3或4的減少會造成最后階段REM的加時About90minutesSleepSowhydothiseveryday為什么每天要睡覺Askidswefighttostayup我們每天逼孩子們睡覺Simplyputwehavetosleeptoavoiddeath我們睡覺時為了避免死亡Justlike就像Breathing呼吸Drinking喝水Eating吃飯OkIskipsleeplastnightwillIdie 我昨晚沒睡覺我會死嗎？Maybe…maybenot也許..也許不會Effectsofsleeploss(includingbutnotlimitedto)

睡眠缺失的影響（包括但不限于）Achingmuscle,blurredvision,weakenimmunesystem,temp.colorblindness,depression,drowsiness,decreaseattention,decreasementalalertness,fainting,headaches,increaseinaccidents,memorylapses,confusion,darkcirclesundereyes,slurredspeech,nonsensicalspeech,nausea,vomiting,肌肉疼痛視力模糊免疫系統(tǒng)減弱間歇色盲沮喪困倦注意力下降精神機敏性下降昏厥頭痛事故率上升記憶力差錯混淆黑眼圈言語不清無意義言談惡心嘔吐…Ithinkyougetthepicture我想你懂了吧…lestIforgetBADGRADES免得我忘了嚴(yán)重的程度SleepDisorders無秩序混亂小病Insomnia失眠癥Narcolepsy嗜眠發(fā)作SleepDisordersSleepApnea睡眠呼吸暫停癥NightTerrors夜驚PerchancetodreamWhataredreams夢境AccordingtoourbookSequenceofimages,thoughts,emotionswhileasleep景象，想法，感情的續(xù)發(fā)出現(xiàn)AccordingtoFreud佛洛依德說AmethodtoreleaseunacceptablefeelingsanddesiresSeeIDEgoandSuperEgo(Chap12)過度自負(fù)夢境是釋放不被接受的感受和欲望的地方DreamTheories

夢境原理Freud佛洛依德Releasevalveforrepressedfeelings壓抑情緒的放氣閥Twopartstoadream夢境的兩部Manifestcontent心理夢境Latentcontent潛性內(nèi)容InterpretonunconsciousdesiresoftheIDtypicallysexualoraggressive

翻譯無意識欲望典型性別的好斗的DreamTheoriesJung榮格Dreamswereawayofcommunicatingandacquaintingourselveswiththeunconscious.夢境是我們交流與認(rèn)識自己的潛意識途徑Dreamscanhelpsolveproblems夢境可以幫助我們解決問題Dreamsareawindowtoourunconscious潛意識的窗口CollectiveUnconscious集體無意識Universalarchetypes普遍生物原型Self,Shadow,Anima,Animus(thefourmains)自我，陰影，靈魂，意圖（四元素）Culturalmostly文化作用DreamTheories

夢境原理JungFourArchetypes.Revisited四原型重游Self自我Theunifiedbeing統(tǒng)一的存在Shadow陰影ClosetoFreud'sId(mysteriousandoftendisagreeable)神秘的時常為人不喜的Anima靈魂Feminine女性的Animus意圖naturalandprimitive(male)自然的和原始的（男性）DreamTheoriesInformationprocessing信息加工Sortdaysevents日常事件Filememories文檔式記憶DreamTheoriesPhysiological生理學(xué)的Helpsthebrainrestoredevelopandpreserveneuralpathways提高大腦存貯信息能力保護(hù)神經(jīng)通路DreamTheoriesActivationSynthesis激活綜合體Randomneuralactivityaswesleep隨機神經(jīng)活動ApplyGestalthere應(yīng)用完全形態(tài)Tryingtomakeameaningfulsomethingoutofthechaos試著在混亂中找出意味深長的某物DreamTheoriesCognitive認(rèn)知的Reflectknowledgeandunderstandingofdreamer反射夢者的知識和理解DreamTheoriesLatestTheoryThreatSimulation兇兆模擬的最新理論EvolutionaryPsychology進(jìn)化心理學(xué)Aidsinsurvival艾滋病幸存者M(jìn)ostaboutbeingchased被追逐Practiceforfight/flight打架練習(xí)Mirrorneurons(comingsooninChap7)鏡像神經(jīng)元DreamTheoriesDisney迪斯尼Wishyourheartmakes希望你的心創(chuàng)造出的Whenyou’refastasleep當(dāng)你快速入睡Indreamsyouwilllooseyouheartaches在夢里你將不再心痛Whateveryouwishforyoukeep只有你想要保持的東西Hypnosis催眠Definition定義Socialinteractioninwhichhypnotistsuggesttosubjectcertainfeelings,thoughts,sensations,emotions,andbehaviorwillspontaneouslyoccur

實施催眠者提出社會交流中人們會不由自主地發(fā)生感覺、思考、情感、行為傾向HypnosisTheories催眠理論D