軌道交通信號專業(yè)英語

軌道交通信號專業(yè)英語

曹峰主編

林瑜筠主審

中國鐵道出版社有限公司

年北京

2020·

內(nèi)容簡介

本書分為鐵路信號技術(shù)和城市軌道交通信號技術(shù)兩部分鐵路信號技術(shù)部分包括信號繼

。

電器信號機軌道電路轉(zhuǎn)轍機等信號基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備計算機聯(lián)鎖自動閉塞列車運行控制行車

、、、,、、、

調(diào)度指揮信號集中監(jiān)測等信號系統(tǒng)以及駝峰過程控制系統(tǒng)城市軌道交通信號技術(shù)部分包

、,。

括概述信號機計軸器交流工頻軌道電路等信號基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備聯(lián)鎖的特殊要求移動閉

,LED、、,,

塞的基本概念的基本原理

,ATP、ATO、ATS,CBTC。

本書可作為鐵路信號和城市軌道交通信號專業(yè)英語教材

。

圖書在版編目(CIP)數(shù)據(jù)

軌道交通信號專業(yè)英語曹峰主編北京中國鐵道

/.—:

出版社有限公司

,2020.9

ISBN978-7-113-26811-4

軌曹軌道交通交通信號英語

Ⅰ.①…Ⅱ.①…Ⅲ.①--

Ⅳ.①U284

中國版本圖書館數(shù)據(jù)核字第號

CIP(2020)066421

書名:軌道交通信號專業(yè)英語

作者:曹峰

責任編輯:徐清編輯部電話:電子信箱:

(010)51873147357716058@

封面設(shè)計:曾程

責任校對:孫玫

責任印制:高春曉

出版發(fā)行:中國鐵道出版社有限公司北京市西城區(qū)右安門西街號

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版次:年月第版年月第次印刷

202091202091

開本:印張字數(shù)千

710mm×1000mm1/16:10:159

書號:

ISBN978-7-113-26811-4

定價:元

33.00

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前言

至年底,我國鐵路營業(yè)里程接近萬,居世界第二位;高

201914km

鐵營業(yè)里程達到萬,成為世界上高鐵里程最長、運輸密度最高、

3.5km

成網(wǎng)運營場景最復雜的國家。我國城市軌道交通營業(yè)里程突破

,居世界第一位。我國的高速鐵路技術(shù)和城市軌道交通技術(shù)已

6700km

處于世界先進水平,正在隨著“一帶一路”走向世界。

伴隨著鐵路和城市軌道交通的發(fā)展,作為鐵路和城市軌道交通主要

技術(shù)裝備的信號系統(tǒng)取得了長足的進步,信號系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)裝備水平成為

鐵路和城市軌道交通現(xiàn)代化的重要保證和主要標志。為了適應(yīng)鐵路信號

技術(shù)和城市軌道交通信號技術(shù)快速發(fā)展的形勢,以及走向世界的需求,

編寫本書。

本書分為鐵路信號技術(shù)部分和城市軌道交通信號技術(shù)部分,共

20

課。為鐵路信號技術(shù)部分,包括信號繼電器、信號

Lesson1~Lesson10

機、軌道電路、轉(zhuǎn)轍機等信號基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備,計算機聯(lián)鎖、自動閉塞、列車運行

控制、行車調(diào)度指揮、信號集中監(jiān)測等信號系統(tǒng),以及普速鐵路的駝峰過

程控制系統(tǒng)。為城市軌道交通信號技術(shù)部分,包

Lesson11~Lesson20

括概述,信號機、計軸器、交流工頻軌道電路等信號基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備,聯(lián)鎖

LED

的特殊要求,移動閉塞,、、的基本概念,的基本

ATPATOATSCBTC

原理。

每節(jié)課都列有主要詞匯中英文對照,以及練習題。

本書由南京鐵道職業(yè)技術(shù)學院曹峰主編,林瑜筠主審。南京鐵道職

業(yè)技術(shù)學院田建兆、王錫奎、張菊擔任副主編。參與編寫的有西安鐵路職

業(yè)技術(shù)學院白宏圖,石家莊鐵路職業(yè)技術(shù)學院王明瑾,南京信息職業(yè)技

術(shù)學院聶睿瑞、朱永宏。曹峰編寫、,田建兆編

Lesson1~4Lesson12~16

1

寫,王錫奎編寫,張菊編寫課程。

Lesson5~8Lesson9~11Lesson17~20

在編寫過程中,得到許多單位和同行的大力支持和幫助,于此一并表示

感謝。

由于時間過于倉促,加上資料搜集不全,編者水平所限,書中疏漏、

錯誤、不妥之處在所難免,望讀者提出批評和指正,以不斷提高書質(zhì)量。

編者

年月

20203

2

目錄

RailwaySignalingTechnology

…………………

Lesson1SignalRelay1

…………

Lesson2Signal8

………………

Lesson3TrackCircuit15

……………

Lesson4SwitchMachine25

……

Lesson5Computer-BasedInterlockingSystem36

…………

Lesson6AutomaticBlockSystem(ABS)43

………

Lesson7TrainControlSystem52

………

Lesson8CentralizedTrafficControl(CTC)62

……………

Lesson9HumpProcessControlSystem68

………………

Lesson10CentralizedSignalingMonitoring(CSM)79

UrbanRailTransitSignalingTechnology

Lesson11TheOverviewoftheUrbanRailTransitSignaling

……………………

System85

……

Lesson12LightEmittingDiode(LED)Signal93

………………

Lesson13AxleCounter99

………………

Lesson14ACIndustrialFrequencyTrackCircuit108

Lesson15FundamentalContentsofUrbanRailTransit

………………

Interlocking114

……………

Lesson16MovingBlock120

……

Lesson17AutomaticTrainProtection(ATP)126

……

Lesson18AutomaticTrainOperation(ATO)133

…

Lesson19AutomaticTrainSupervision(ATS)140

……

Lesson20CommunicationBasedTrainControlSystem(CBTC)147

Lesson1SignalRelay

Signalrelayisageneraltermforallkindsofrelaysinrailway

signal.Relaysarewidelyusedinrailwaysignaltechnology,andrelaysare

indispensablecomponentsofvarioussignalcontrolsystems.

1.Overviewoftherelays

Arelayisanelectricalexcitationswitch,whichisanelectromagnet

withcontacts.Therelayconsistsoftwomainparts:electromagnetic

systemandcontactsystem.Theelectromagneticsystemconsistsof

coils,fixedironcores,ayokeironandamovablemagnetarmature.The

contactsystemincludesmovablecontactsandstaticcontacts.Whena

certainvalueofcurrentpassedcoils,anelectromagneticattraction

producedbyelectromagneticInteractionorinductionmethodattractsthe

magnetarmature.Themagnetarmaturedrivesthecontactsystemand

changesitsstatetoreflectthestatusoftheinputcurrent.

TheelectromagneticrelayisshowninFigure1-1.Whenacertain

valueofcurrentpassedcoils,acertainamountoffluxproducedbetween

themagnetarmatureandironcoregoesthroughtheironcore,magnet

armature,yokeironandairgaptoformaclosedmagneticcircuit.And

thentheironcoreproducesanattractionformagnetarmature.Thesize

oftheattractiondependsonthevalueofthecurrent.Whenthecurrent

increasestoacertainvalue,theincreasingattractioncanbeableto

overcometheresistanceofthemagnetarmaturemovingtotheironcore

'

(mainlythemagnetarmaturesowngravity),andthemagnetarmature

isattractedtotheironcore.Themovablecontactswhicharedrivenby

themagnetarmature(contactsalongwiththemovingmagnetarmature)

alsomove,andconnectwiththemovableclosecontacts(front

contacts).Thisstateiscalledrelayexcitation.

1

Figure1-1thebasicprincipleoftheelectromagneticrelay

Theattractiondecreaseswiththedecreaseofthecurrent.Whenthe

'

decreasingattractionisnotenoughtoovercomethemagnetarmatures

owngravity,themagnetarmaturebyreasonofitsgravitydropdown

(calledrelease).Themagnetarmaturedrivesthemovablecontactsto

disconnectwithfrontcontacts,andthenconnectswithmovablebreak

contacts(backcontacts).Thisstateiscalledrelayexcitation-loss.

Itcanbeseenthattherelayhastheswitchingcharacteristics,which

canbeusedtoconnectandbreakthecircuittoformvariouscontroland

indicationcircuits.

2.Safetyrelay

TheAXseriessafetyrelay,whichisdesignedandmanufacturedby

China,isthemainapprovedproductofChinarailwaysignalrelayand

mostwidelyused.Thesaferelayisaheavyspringtypeelectromagnetic

relayintheDC24Vseries.Itstypicalstructureistheneutralrelay.

Othertypesofrelaysarederivedfromneutralrelays.

Thetypesofsaferelaysincludetheneutralrelay,neutralrelaywith

heavydutycontacts,neutralslowreleaserelay,neutralslowrelease

relaywithheavydutycontacts,rectifyingrelay,polarizedrelay,

polarizedrelaywithheavydutycontacts,polarbiasedrelayandsoon.

Theircharacteristicsandresistancevalueofcoilsaredifferentandthey

2

havedifferenteffectsinsignalcircuits.

Theneutralrelayhasnorequirementforcurrentpolarityofgoing

intothecoils.

Therelaywithheavydutycontactsisdesignedforthesignalcircuit

withhighpower.Thecontactsystemoftherelaywithheavyduty

contactsconsistsofnormalcontactsandheavydutycontacts.Theheavy

dutycontacthasaspecialdesignofthehighpowercontactandmagnetic

blast.Themagneticblastismadeofmagneticsteel,whicheffectsblast

arcusebytheforcedmovementofelectricarcinthemagneticfieldto

maketheelectricarccoolingdownquicklyandquenching.

Theslowreleaserelayhasthefunctionsofslowpick-upand

release.Inspecificcircuits,itiswidelyusedbecauseofitsslowrelease

characteristic.

TherectifyingrelayisusedintheACcircuit.Itturnsalternating

currentintodirectcurrentbymeansoftheinternalhalfwaveorfull

waverectificationcircuit.

Thepolarizedrelayhastwosteadystatesofnormalpositionand

reversepositionaccordingtothedifferentcurrentpolarityincoils.The

twosteadystatesstillcancontinuetokeepwhenthecurrentdisappeared

incoils.Sothepolarizedrelayisalsocalledpolarretainingrelay.Itis

characterizedbytheadditionofpermanentmagneticsteelinthemagnetic

system.Whenthecurrentofspecifiedpolaritypassesthecoils,therelaypicks

upanditstillcankeepthepick-upstateafterbreakingcurrent.Whenthe

currentoftheoppositedirectionpassedthecoils,therelaydropsdownandit

wouldkeepthereleasestateafterbreakingcurrent.

Thepolarbiasedrelayisdesignedtoidentifythecurrentpolarityin

thesignalcircuit.Beingdifferentfromtheneutralrelay,thepick-upof

itsmagnetarmatureisassociatedwiththepolarityofcurrentincoils.

Themagnetarmaturewouldpickuponlywhenthecurrentofthe

specifieddirectionpasses.Itcanbenotactionwhenthecurrentdirection

isopposite.However,itjusthasonesteadystatewhichisdifferentfrom

thepolarizedrelay.Themagnetarmatureispulledupbythe

electromagneticforceanddropsdownafterbreakingcurrent.Itssteady

stateisrelease.

3

3.Timerelay

Thetimerelayisakindofslowpick-uprelay,whichcanbedelayed

bytheelectroniccircuittosatisfytherequirementofsignalcircuits.The

timerelayiscomposedofatimecontrolunitandaneutralrelay.The

timecontrolunitismountedontheprintedcircuitboard,whichis

installedabovethecontactgroup.

4.Filamenttransferrelay

Thefilamenttransferrelaywhichisusedinthesignallighting

circuitisanACrelay.Whenthemainfilamentofthesignallampburns

out,itwillbeautomaticallyconvertedtolightthedeputyfilamentby

thefilamenttransferrelay.Thefilamenttransferrelayisusedtoforman

alarmcircuitbyitscontacts.

5.ACtwo-elementrelay

TheACtwo-elementrelayhastwoindependentandinteracting

alternatingelectromagneticsystems.

ThestructureofanACtwo-elementrelayisshowninFigure1-2.It

iscomposedofanelectromagneticsystem,awingpanel,contactsandsoon.

Figure1-2thestructureoftheACtwo-elementrelay

(Unit:mm)

4

Theelectromagneticsystemincludesalocalelectromagneticsystem

andatrackelectromagneticsystem.Thelocalelectromagneticsystem

consistsofalocalironcoreandlocalcoils.Thetrackelectromagnetic

systemconsistsofatrackironcoreandtrackcoils.

Thewingpanelisthekeycomponent,whichconvertstheenergyof

theelectromagneticsystemintomechanicalenergy.Thewingpanelis

mountedonthemainaxle.

Themovablecontactsarefixedontheauxiliaryaxle.Themainaxle

drivesthemovablerodontheauxiliaryaxlethroughthelinkagetomake

themovablecontactsaction.

Onlywhenthecurrentoflocalcoilsadvancesthecurrentoftrack

coilsacertainangle(preferably90°),therelaycanbeabletopickup

reliably.Ifonlythecurrentpasseseithercoilortwocoilsareconnected

tothesamepower,thewingpanelwouldnotproduceatorquetobe

action.ThisisthereliablephaseselectivityoftheACtwo-elementrelay,

whichcansolvetheprotectionproblemoftherailendinsulation

damage.

Whenthetractioncurrentisunbalanced,ithas50Hzvoltagetobe

addedtothetrackcoils.However,thetorqueforceiszeroinoneperiod.

'

Thewingpaneldonotgeneratetorqueandcantmaketherelayfalse

actionbythemixedinterferencecurrentandthefixed50Hzlocal

currentinthetrackcoils.ThisisthefrequencyselectivityoftheACtwo-

elementrelay,whichnotonlypreventstheinterferenceofthetraction

current,butalsohasthesameeffectonotherfrequencies.

Vocabulary&Phrases

繼電器

relay

線圈

coil

鐵芯

ironcore

軛鐵

yokeiron

銜鐵

magnetarmature

5

動接點

movablecontact

靜接點

staticcontact

接點系統(tǒng)

contactsystem

安全型繼電器

safetyrelay

無極繼電器

neutralrelay

緩吸

slowpick-up

緩放

slowrelease

整流式繼電器

rectifyingrelay

有極繼電器

polarizedrelay

偏極繼電器

polarbiasedrelay

時間繼電器

timerelay

燈絲

filament

燈絲轉(zhuǎn)換繼電器

filamenttransferrelay

交流二元繼電器

ACtwo-elementrelay

翼板

wingpanel

牽引電流

tractioncurrent

轉(zhuǎn)矩

torque

Exercises-1

1.Pleasetranslatethefollowingphrasesinthetext.

frontcontact

backcontact

electromagneticsystem

relaywithheavydutycontacts

normalposition

reverseposition

2.Pleasetranslatethefollowingsentences.

(1)Whenthecurrentincreasestoacertainvalue,theincreasing

attractioncanbeabletoovercometheresistanceofthemagnet

6

'

armaturemovingtotheironcore(mainlythemagnetarmaturesown

gravity),andthemagnetarmatureisattractedtotheironcore.The

movablecontactswhicharedrivenbythemagnetarmature(contacts

alongwiththemovingmagnetarmature)alsomove,andconnectwith

themovableclosecontacts(frontcontacts).Thisstateiscalledrelay

excitation.

(2)Thepolarizedrelayhastwosteadystatesofnormalpositionand

reversepositionaccordingtothedifferentcurrentpolarityincoils.The

twosteadystatesstillcancontinuetokeepwhenthecurrentdisappeared

incoils.

(3)Onlywhenthecurrentoflocalcoilsadvancesthecurrentof

trackcoilsacertainangle(preferably90°),therelaycanbeabletopick

upreliably.Ifonlythecurrentpasseseithercoilortwocoilsare

connectedtothesamepower,thewingpanelwouldnotproduceatorque

tobeaction.ThisisthereliablephaseselectivityoftheACtwo-element

relay,whichcansolvetheprotectionproblemoftherailendinsulation

damage.

3.Questionsfordiscussion.

(1)DescribehowtheACtwo-elementrelayworks.

(2)Talkaboutthecharacteristicsofdifferentsafetyrelays.

7

Lesson2Signal

Inordertoindicatethecommandsoftrainrunningandshunting

operation,itisnecessarytosetupallkindsofsignalsandsignal

indicatorsasrequiredintherailway.Theyaretheindispensable

componentsinvarioussignalsystems,whichareusedtoformsignal

displaysforoperatingconditions.

Thecolorlightsignalissignaledbythecolor,number,andstateof

thelighting.

1.Lenscolorlightsignal

Thelenscolorlightsignalhastwotypes:highsignalanddwarf

signal.Thehighsignalmechanismisinstalledonthesignalreinforced

concretesignalpost.Thedwarfsignalmechanismisinstalledonthe

signalcementbase.

Thehighlenscolorlightsignaliscomposedofthepost,mechanism,

bracket,ladderandsoon.Thepostisusedfortheinstallationofthe

mechanismandladder.Eachlamppointofthemechanismisequipped

withacorrespondinglensgroupandaseparatelightingbulbtogive

signaldisplay.Thebracketisusedtofixthemechanismtothepost.

Eachmechanismneedsanupperandlowerbracket.Theladderisusedto

climbandoperateforthesignalmaintenancepersonnel.

Thedwarflenscolorlightsignalwhichiswithoutthebracketand

ladderisfixedonthesignalbasebybolts.

Thecolorlightsignalcanformtwodisplays,threedisplaysand

singledisplay.Allkindsofsignalscanalsohavecalling-onsignal

mechanismsorrouteindicatorsasneeded.

Eachlamppointofthelenscolorlightsignalwhichisshownin

Figure2-1iscomposedofthebulb,lampholder,lensgroup,

8

penthouse,backplaneandsoon.

Figure2-1themechanismofthelenscolorlightsignal

Thebulbisthelightsourceofthecolorlightsignal,whichusesthe

railwaysignalbulbofstraightlinedouble-filament.

Thelampholderwhichisusedtoplacethebulbselectstheprefocus

platelampholder.Thelampholderisfixedafteradjustingthefocalpoint

ofthelensgroup.Thereisnoneedtoadjustwhenchangingthebulb.

Thelensisinstalledontheframebox,whichisinsideofthe

colorfulconvexlens(ithassixcolorsofred,yellow,green,blue,

white,andachromaticcolor),andoutsideofthecolorlessconvexlens.

Thereasonwhytousetwolensgrouptoformtheopticalsystemisthat

itusestheprinciplesoflightrefractionandreflectiontofocusthelight

fromthelightsourcetothedesireddirection,whichwouldenhancethe

lightintensityofthedirection.Inthisway,itcansatisfythesignal

displaydistanceandhasagooddirectionalrequirement.Thecolorofthe

signalmechanismdependsonthecoloredlens.

Thepenthouseisusedtopreventdirectsunlightandotherdirect

lightfromproducingthewrongphantomdisplay.

Thebackplaneisblack,whichmakesupthedarkerbackground.It

cansetoffthebrightnessofthesignallightandimprovethelookout

condition.Onlythehighsignalmachinehasabackplane.Thegeneral

signalusesacircularbackplane.

9

2.Combinationalcolorlightsignal

Thecombinationalcolorlightsignalisusedfortherailwaylineof

difficultlookoutcondition,andsuitableforthestraightlinesandvarious

curvedlineswhosecurveradiusisfrom300mto20,000m.Itcanbe

acquiredcontinuoussignaldisplaywithinadistanceof5mto1,000m

fromthesignal.Thelightsystemdesignofthesignalisreasonable,

whoselightenergyutilizationishighanddisplaydistanceisfar.The

showndistanceofthemainlightsourcecanreach1,000m.ifthepartial

dispersionlensisnotadded,theshowndistancecanreach1,500m.The

'

combinationalcolorlightsignalishelpfulforthedriverslookout,whose

characteristicshavethestrongcurverefraction,bigpartialdispersion

angle,distributedvisiblelight,andhighvisibility.Thereisonlyone

lamproomforeachmechanismofthecombinationalsignal,whichis

assembledintotwodisplay,threedisplayandonedisplaymechanism

respectivelyaccordingtothesignaldisplayrequirements.Therefore,itis

calledcombinationaltype.Thereisnopossibilityofchannelinglight

betweenlamprooms.

Thecombinationalsignalmechanismconsistsoftheopticalsystem,

thefrontsurfaceglass,themechanismshell,thepenthouse,andthe

opticalsightjack,asshowninFigure2-2.

Figure2-2thecombinationalsignalmechanismofXSZ-135type

10

Theopticalsystemofacombinationalsignalmechanismconsistsof

aretroreflector,abulb,acolorpiece,anasphericalmirror,apartial

dispersionlens,andafrontsurfaceglass.Theretroreflectorisan

ellipsoidalmirrorthatfocusesthelightemittedbythelightsource.The

bulbusesthesignalstraightfilamentbulb.Themechanismcanbe

installedpiecesoffivecolors(red,yellow,green,blue,white),which

areabletobecombinedinto20varietiesasrequired.Theaspherical

mirrorisusedtogatherthelight.Thepartialdispersionlensiscomposed

ofmultipleprismsandcurvedmirrors.Itisanopticalelementthat

makesapartofthelightchangeacertainangleaccordingtothedesired

direction.itismadeoforganicglasswithexcellentopticalproperties,

whichhasthecharacteristicsofhighprecision,goodtransmittanceand

stableperformance.Thepartialdispersionlensalsoenhancestheclose

visibility,enablingthesignaltobevisibleat5mfromthesignal.

Inordertopreventthesignalmistakescausedbythereflection,the

frontsurfaceglassofthesignalisdesignedtoleanback15degrees.

Whentheexternallightshinesthesignaldirectly,thereflectedlightcan

bereflectedtothepenthouseabovethemechanismtobescatteredor

absorbed,thuseliminatingthephenomenonofmistakingthesignaldue

toreflection.

Theenclosureofthemechanismismadeofsiliconaluminumalloy.

BothinternalandexternalsurfacesarepaintedwithBerlinblackto

preventlightreflection.Ithasthecharacteristicsofreasonablestructure,

goodsealingpropertyis,smallvolumeis,andlightweightis,each

mechanismincludingthepenthouseweightsabout7kg,whichiseasyto

carryandinstall.

Thepenthouseofthemechanismismadeofglassfiberreinforced

unsaturatedpolyester(commonlyknownasFRP).ithasthe

characteristicsoflightweight,goodcorrosionresistance,andhigh

strength.Itsgeometricalshapeisdesignedtoblockthesunlightand

satisfytheneedofastigmatism.

11

3.LEDsignal

ThesizeoftheLEDsignalmechanismisthesameasthelenscolor

lightsignal。Thesignallightingunitiscomposedoflightemitting

diodes.TheLEDsignaldisplaysystemhasbeensuccessfullyusedasa

newtypeoflightsource,whichhasthecharacteristicsofenergysaving

andmaintenance-free.

ThedisplaydistanceoftheLEDsignalismorethan1.5kmanditis

clearandreliable.Themonitoringcontrolsystemcanmonitorthe

workingstateofthesignal,andthewarningabnormitycanhelpto

accuratelydeterminethefaultpointandfacilitatetimelyprocessing.The

LEDsignalcanbegreatlyreducedinweight,whichiseasytoinstall.it

hasagoodsealingconditionandlongservicelife,whichcanreach105h,

usingtheLEDtoreplacethetraditionaldoublefilamentsignallightbulb

andthelensgroupcaneliminatethefilamentburnout,whichisthe

multiplesignalfailure.ithashighreliability,stablefocus,good

luminosity,noimpactcurrentandnomaintenance.itendsthe

maintenancemethodofreplacingsignalbulbsregularly,whichreduces

themaintenanceworkloadandsavesmaintenancecost.

TheLEDrailwaysignaliscomposedofthesignalmechanismof

aluminumalloy,luminouspanelanditsspeciallightingdevice.

Thesignalmechanismofaluminumalloyisdividedintohighpost

anddwarfmechanism.Thehighpostsignalmechanismconsistsoffour

parts:backplaneassembly,boxassembly,penthouseandsuspension

device.Theinstallationmethodofthedwarfmechanismisthesameas

thelenssignalmechanism.

Theluminouspanelisanewlightsource,whichuseslightemitting

diodes.Theluminouspanelisdividedintohighpost,dwarfandindicator

luminouspanel.Theluminouspanelisacirculardiskwithmanylight

emittingdiodes.

Thespeciallightingdeviceofluminouspanelisanewgeneration

signallightingdeviceforthedevelopmentofluminouspanel.Thedevice

isnotonlystableandreliable,butalsocanbeusedforlargerangeof

12

voltagefluctuation.

Vocabulary&Phrases

信號表示器

signalindicator

矮型

dwarf

機柱

post

機構(gòu)

mechanism

托架

bracket

梯子

ladder

燈泡

bulb

燈座

lampholder

遮檐

penthouse

背板

backplane

折射

refraction

反射

reflection

非球面鏡

asphericalmirror

偏散鏡

partialdispersionlens

硅鋁合金

siliconaluminumalloy

玻璃纖維增強不飽和聚酯

glassfiberreinforcedunsaturatedpolyester

Exercises-2

1.Pleasetranslatethefollowingphrasesinthetext.

shuntingoperation

dwarfsignal

lenscolorlightsignal

railwaysignalbulbofstraightlinedouble-filament

combinationalcolorlightsignal

lightemittingdiode

2.Pleasetranslatethefollowingsentences.

(1)Thecolorlightsignalcanformtwodisplays,threedisplaysand

13

singledisplay.Allkindsofsignalscanalsohavecalling-onsignal

mechanismsorrouteindicatorsasneeded.

(2)Thereasonwhytousetwolensgrouptoformtheoptical

systemisthatitusestheprinciplesoflightrefractionandreflectionto

focusthelightfromthelightsourcetothedesireddirection,which

wouldenhancethelightintensityofthedirection.Inthisway,itcan

satisfythesignaldisplaydistanceandhasagooddirectional

requirement.

(3)Inordertopreventthesignalmistakescausedbythereflection,

thefrontsurfaceglassofthesignalisdesignedtoleanback15degrees.

Whentheexternallightshinesthesignaldirectly,thereflectedlightcan

bereflectedtothepenthouseabovethemechanismtobescatteredor

absorbed,thuseliminatingthephenomenonofmistakingthesignaldue

toreflection.

3.Questionsfordiscussion.

(1)Talkaboutthestructureofthelenscolorlightsignalandhowit

works.

(2)Thinkofthedifferencesbetweenthelenscolorlightsignaland

combinationalcolorlightsignal.

14

Lesson3TrackCircuit

Thetrackcircuitisacircuitmadeoftherailtrackandrail

insulation.Itisusedtomonitortheoccupancyofthetrackandtolink

thetrainoperationwithsignaldisplays,whichistotransmitrunning

informationtothetrainthroughthetrackcircuit.Thetrackcircuitisthe

importantbasicequipmentofrailwaysignal,anditsperformance

directlyaffectsthetrafficsafetyandtransportationefficiency.

1.Thebasicprincipleoftrackcircuit

Thetrackcircuit,includingtheequipmentsoffeedendand

receivingendusestwosteelrailsastheconductor,andthetwo

terminalsofthetrackhavemechanicalinsulation(orelectrical

insul