SCIEI學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略 課件 第5、6章 結(jié)論與致謝撰寫、圖表處理

第五章

結(jié)論與致謝撰寫目錄CONTENTS一結(jié)論二致謝三實例練習(xí)學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略結(jié)論是作者對該項研究的高度總結(jié)和討論根據(jù)論文前面內(nèi)容進行科學(xué)、客觀提煉闡述解決了什么問題，得到了什么結(jié)果，有什么意義，并指出創(chuàng)新點和應(yīng)用分析該項研究不足，并指出希望以后做什么結(jié)論學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略Wehavereportedresultsfromexperimentsonthecriticalbucklingloadofsphericalelasticshellsunderpressureloading,withanemphasisonhowtheirknockdownfactorsareaffectedbyanengineereddimplelikeimperfection.Wepresentresultsfromanumericalinvestigationof

thelocalizationofdeformationinthinelastomericsphericalshellsloadedbydifferentlyshapedindenters.WehavepresentedsystematicresultsofanFEMnumericalexplorationonthelargedeformationofindentedthinelasticsphericalshells.Althoughtheaboveresultsarepurelynumerical,severalconclusionscanbedrawnfordesignpurposes.總結(jié)部分經(jīng)典例句學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略創(chuàng)新點：Anewapproachispresentedto

analyzethebucklingbehaviorofanorthotropicellipticalcylindricalshellduetotheeffectofradialloadsandrestingonaWinkler-typefoundation.Tothebestofourknowledge,thisisthefirsttimethatexperimentalresultsontheknockdownfactorsofimperfectsphericalshellshavebeenaccuratelypredicted,throughbothfiniteelementmodelingandshelltheorysolutions.Itisalsosurprisingtoseevirtually

nosensitivityofbucklingloadstotheinitialshapeimperfectionsforthecaseoflateralpressure,only.結(jié)論段經(jīng)典例句學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略作用/應(yīng)用/運用/用途：Wehopethatourresultswillinstigatearesurgenceofinterestonthemechanicsofthinsphericalshellsandmotivatefutureexplorationsontheeffectofothertypesofimperfectionsontheirbucklingbehavior.Thisobservationisparticularlyimportantforestimatesofbucklingstrengthatthedesignstagewheretheworstpossiblescenarioisbeingadoptedtobefollowedbytheknockdownfactor(s).Thenewconceptshallbeexpandedtostiffenedshellsanddynamicloading結(jié)論段經(jīng)典例句學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略不足/缺點/缺陷/問題：Theinfluenceofembeddedresidualstresseswasnotpartofthisinvestigation.Both,conesandroundcouponscutformaterialproperties

havenotbeenstressrelieved.Hencetheeffectofresidualstressesremainsunknown.Onespecificdrawbackseemstobeassociatedwith,asyet,lowsuccessinparallelizationofthemethod.Butitneedstobestressedthattheabovescatterisnotunusualforbuckling/collapsetestsonpressurevesselshellcomponents.Somedrawbacksassociatedwiththeoptimalgeometrieshavebeenidentifiedinthepaper.方向段經(jīng)典例句學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略展望：Thelower-boundapproachhasbeenverifiedbyavailableexperimentaldatabutinviewofanumberofmodellingpossibilitiesofFID

itwouldbeinterestingtoseecarefullyconductedexperimentsinordertocheckvalidityoftheFEpredictions.Wehopethatourexploratorynumericallystudywillhelpcatalyzefurthertheoreticaleffortsinthisdirection.Moreover,ourworkhasfocusedonelasticsystemsanditwouldbeinterestingtoperformasimilaranalysisformetallicshellsthatundergoelastic–plasticdeformation.Thisclearlywouldjustifyfurtherexamination.方向段經(jīng)典例句學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略深海球形耐壓殼力學(xué)特性研究3結(jié)論（1）強度是厚球殼設(shè)計的主要影響因素。中面應(yīng)力與內(nèi)表面應(yīng)力差值隨著增加而逐漸增大，當(dāng)增加到0.075時，兩者差值達到最大為10.4%，即使為1/20時，兩者差值也達到了7.1%。建議以內(nèi)表面應(yīng)力為基準(zhǔn)設(shè)計和評估深海球形耐壓殼。Zolley公式誤差隨著增加而逐漸增大，當(dāng)為0.075時，兩者差值達到最大為2.1%，薄殼理論可用于厚球殼穩(wěn)定性初步評估。經(jīng)驗法求解球形耐壓殼浮力系數(shù)偏于保守，其誤差隨著增加而逐漸增大，當(dāng)達到0.075時，誤差達到10.1%，即使為1/20時，誤差也高達6.8%。（總結(jié)段）建議采用解析法評估深海球形耐壓殼的浮力系數(shù)。（方向段）結(jié)論實例分析學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略（2）綜合考慮計算精度和效率，建議采用網(wǎng)球劃分、4節(jié)點完全積分線性殼單元、單元平均尺寸0.07R,建立球形耐壓殼的殼單元數(shù)值方案。建議采用網(wǎng)球劃分、三維20節(jié)點減縮積分體單元、周向單元平均尺寸0.07R、厚度方向4層單元，建立球形耐壓殼的體單元數(shù)值方案。殼單元數(shù)值方案、薄殼理論方案可用于淺海耐壓殼設(shè)計與評估，體單元數(shù)值方案、厚球殼理論方案可用于深海耐壓殼設(shè)計與評估。（總結(jié)段）建議船級社在進行深海耐壓殼設(shè)計規(guī)范修訂時，采用內(nèi)表面應(yīng)力、厚殼臨界屈曲載荷作為評價指標(biāo)。（方向段）結(jié)論范文分析學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略Bucklingofsphericalshellssubjectedtoexternalpressure:Acomparisonofexperimentalandtheoreticaldata4.ConclusionsInthepresentwork,theresultsofexperimental,analytical,andnumericalstudyintothebucklingbehaviorsofsphericalshellsarepresented,aswellastheeffectsofconstitutivemodesonthebucklingloadsoftheseshells.（總結(jié)段）Theexperimentalbucklingloadincreasedmonotonicallywithanincreaseintave/rave,whichwasaslittleas15.07%–24.55%oftheelasticbucklingloaddeterminedusingZoelly’sequation.Theexperimentalcollapsedmodesofalltheshellswereidentical;allofthemassumedtheformofalocaldent,whichistypicalofshellsofrevolutionwithapositiveGaussiancurvature.（結(jié)論段）結(jié)論范文分析學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略Geometricallyandmateriallynonlinearbucklinganalyseswereperformedonthesphericalshellsfordeterministicimperfections.Verygoodcorrelationwasobtainedbetweenthenumericalbucklingloadsandtheexperimentalones.Thepathofeachsphericalshellhadanunstablecharacteristictypicalofshellstructures.Alltheshellsbuckledwithinanelastic-plasticrange.Thebucklingandpostbucklingmodesofalltheanalyzedshellsweresimilarandassumedtheformofalocaldent,whichwasinverygoodagreementwiththeexperimentalresults.（結(jié)論段）Theeffectsofconstitutivemodelsonthebucklingofsphericalshellsweredemonstratednumericallyaccordingtothebucklingload.Thefailuresofsphericalshellsvariedgraduallyfromelasticbucklingtoelastic-plasticbucklingasthewallthicknessesincreased.Verygoodagreementwasobtainedamongtheelastic-plastic,elastic-perfectlyplastic,andexperimentalresults.Theelastic-perfectlyplasticassumptionresultedinahighlyaccurateprediction.Theelasticassumptionyieldedafairlylargeincreaseinthemagnitudeofthebucklingloadabovetheelastic-plasticassumptionandexperiment.（結(jié)論段）結(jié)論范文分析學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略Thisworkthereforeindicatesthattherealload-carryingcapacityofasphericalshellcanbeobtainednumericallyfrommeasuredgeometricshapeandaveragewallthickness,aswellasfromtheassumptionofelastic-perfectlyplasticmaterialproperties.Thecurrentapproachappearstobeeffectiveforothershellsofrevolutionwithtypicalmeridionalprofiles,suchascylindricalandconicalshells,aswellasforshellsofrevolutionwithnontypicalmeridionalprofiles,suchasbarreledandegg-shapedshells.（結(jié)論段）However,somelimitationsmeritattention.Althoughthepredictedbucklingloadsandfinalfailuremodeswereverifiedexperimentally,thecriticalbucklingmodeswerenotexaminedthroughtesting.Moreover,themanufacturingprocesscausedsomevarianceinthewallthicknesses,andthatvarianceexertedaneffectonthebucklingofsphericalshells;however,thiseffectwasnotstudied.Theselimitationsrequirefurtherinvestigationinthenearfuture.（方向段）結(jié)論范文分析學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略感謝對該項研究、論文構(gòu)思、撰寫工作提供幫助的個人、項目、單位個人包括對論文提出建設(shè)性意見的同事、專家或?qū)徃迦隧椖堪ㄆ髽I(yè)、政府、實驗室項目等課題單位包括為該項研究提供資助、試驗場地、參考資料等組織機構(gòu)致謝學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略第一人稱寫法：Wethank

MartinBrinkmannfordiscussionsandbringingRef.[26]toourattention.WeacknowledgefinancialsupportfromtheMercatorResearchCenterRuhr(MERCUR)WearegratefultoProfessorGustavoGuinea,whoprovideduswithpreliminarydataontheresponseofarterialtissuefrompatientsaffectedbyMarfan’ssyndrome.TheauthorsacknowledgesupportfromtheMinisteriodeCienciaeInnovacióninSpainundertheProjectreferenceDPI2008-03769duringthepreparationofthiswork.致謝經(jīng)典例句學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略其他人稱寫法：Theauthorwouldliketoexpresshisthanksandappreciationtotheanonymousreviewerswhosesubstantialandconstructivecommentsignificantlyimprovedthepaper

（感謝審稿人）TheworkhasbeensupportedbyMinistryofScienceandHigherEducationGrantno.NN501038535TheauthorwishestoacknowledgeandthankMessrsS.Pennington,L.RuongandP.Smithfortheirinputsintothispaper.TheauthorwishestoacknowledgehelphehasreceivedfromMr.P.Wanginobtainingsomeoftheexperimentaldata.致謝經(jīng)典例句學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略硬土-軟土插樁過程數(shù)值分析及驗證結(jié)論基于HossainMS土工離心模型試驗，采用CEL法建立了自升式平臺插樁過程的數(shù)值模型。利用HossainMS的試驗結(jié)果對數(shù)值模型進行了驗證，結(jié)果表明：數(shù)值解與試驗值吻合程度較好，驗證了數(shù)值模型的可靠性。采用數(shù)值模型計算了插樁過程中土壤速度矢量圖及變形圖，以分析土壤流動特性。結(jié)果表明：插樁過程中發(fā)生了硬土表面局部隆起、硬土-軟土界面變形、空腔形成、土壤回流、局部土壤流動等現(xiàn)象。為了分析土壤特性參數(shù)變化對插樁過程的影響，采用數(shù)值模型模擬了硬土、軟土參數(shù)改變后土壤的最終變形情況。結(jié)果表明：硬土、軟土的強度比越小，樁靴下方硬土塊體積越小，樁靴上方硬土分布越連續(xù)、均勻，空腔深度越大；土壤重度越大，樁靴上方硬土回流量越大，空腔深度越小，而土壤重度對樁靴下方硬土塊形狀和體積幾乎沒有影響。實例練習(xí)學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略采用數(shù)值模型計算了插樁深度與插樁阻力的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明：硬土、軟土的強度比越大、有效重度比越小，發(fā)生“刺穿”的可能性越高。采用數(shù)值模型計算了樁靴底部壓力分布。結(jié)果表明：樁靴底部壓力由內(nèi)向外先增大、后減小、再增大，證明《海上移動平臺入級與建造規(guī)范》中關(guān)于樁靴底部壓力的線性分布假設(shè)與實際情況不符。實例練習(xí)學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略InvestigationonEgg-shapedPressureHulls4.ConclusionsItisuntilnowthatthesphericalpressurehullisthemostextensivelyusedstructureforthedeepmannedsubmersible.However,lowbucklingresistance,difficultinteriorarrangementandpoorhydrodynamicsarefoundwiththistypeofpressurehull.Inthisstudy,investigationsonegg-shapedpressurehullsareperformedtoimprovetheseproblemspossessedbythesphericalpressurehull.Asshownintheaboveresearch,shapeandsizeofthegeometryimperfectionshaveabigeffectonthebucklingloadofpressurehulls.Forshellstructureswithdenselyspacedeigenvalues,higherratherthanthefirsteigenmodeimperfectionisoftentheworstequivalentbucklingmodewhichmightleadtothelowestbucklingload.Themoredenselyspacedeigenvaluesexists,themoregeometryimperfectionsensitivityistheshellwith.Egg-shapedpressurehullsarelesssensitivetothegeometryimperfectionscomparedwiththesphericalpressurehull.實例練習(xí)學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略Finally,itisfoundthatsafety,buoyancyreserve,andspaceefficiencyofegg-shapedpressurehullscouldbeoptimallycoordinated,whichperformbetterthansphericalpressurehull.Thisresearchworkoffersanewconceptofpressurehulldesignsforfuturedevelopmentofthedeep-seamannedsubmersible.AcknowledgmentsThisworkwassupportedbyagrantfromtheNaturalScienceFoundationofJiangsuProvince(BK20150469).TheauthorswouldliketothankProf.TaoLiuforhisexcellenttechnicalsupportsandProf.WenweiWuforcriticallyreviewingresults.實例練習(xí)謝謝第六章

圖表處理目錄CONTENTS一圖表概述五一些總結(jié)二圖標(biāo)分類六軟件制圖實例三圖表格式四圖表的結(jié)構(gòu)組成七實例練習(xí)學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略圖表用于形象的表達正文所述結(jié)果更容易理解我們要表達的內(nèi)容圖表概述學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略處理圖表的通用原則：確保一篇論文中所有圖表使用統(tǒng)一的字體和字號圖表里的字體和正文里的字體統(tǒng)一起來（字號盡量也和正文相統(tǒng)一，但是考慮到圖形中的一些其它因素可以略微放大或縮?。⒉鍒D按照它們在圖中出現(xiàn)的順序進行編號（通常使用（a）、（b）、（c）…進行編號）使用合理的命名習(xí)慣對圖片進行命名以出版社的要求處理圖片的大?。▽挾?、分辨率）每個圖都給出一個單獨的標(biāo)題描述投稿時圖文根據(jù)期刊要求是否要分開，如果是，那么每個圖片都要作為一個單獨的文件給出（投稿時，正文和圖片）圖表概述學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略矢量圖：矢量圖是根據(jù)幾何特性來繪制圖形，是用線段和曲線描述圖像矢量可以是一個點或一條線矢量圖只能靠軟件生成矢量圖文件占用內(nèi)在空間較小位圖：位圖圖像也稱為點陣圖像，位圖使用我們稱為像素的一格一格的小點來描述圖像圖表的分類學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略位圖圖表分類：灰階圖又稱灰度圖黑白線圖線圖和其他顏色（彩色圖、灰階圖）的混合圖灰度圖圖片要求：圖表模式為灰度模式圖表分辨率不得低于300dpi線條在圖片中的位置要緊實如果可以，使用雜志推薦的字體給圖表命名保存為TIFF格式圖表的分類學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略黑白線圖圖片要求：圖表中僅有黑白兩種顏色且為線圖圖表分辨率不得低于1000dpi線條在圖片中的位置要緊實如果雜志有規(guī)定，使用雜志推薦的字體給圖片命名保存為TIFF或者JPEG格式混合圖圖片要求：圖表中彩色圖和線圖混合用RGB模式，灰階圖和線圖混合采用灰度模式線條在圖片中的位置要緊實如果雜志有規(guī)定，使用雜志推薦的字體給圖片命名保存為TIFF或者JPEG格式圖表的分類學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略矢量圖表：矢量圖形格式是光柵圖形（即位圖）的補充要求矢量圖格式為EPS矢量格式可以由AI和SigmaPlot軟件制作生成混合矢量圖是指通過軟件在位圖中加入文本注釋，線條和箭頭等，然后另存為EPS格式，這樣生成的圖片為混合矢量圖。矢量圖圖片要求：嵌入的字體使用期刊要求的字體，以具體期刊為準(zhǔn)線寬從0.1—1.5磅之間變化如果是混合矢量圖，要設(shè)置為RGB模式圖表的分類學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略按照圖表類型對圖表進行分類：柱狀圖折線圖餅狀圖柱狀圖注意點：用純黑純白表示不同柱圖不可取，用不同灰度表示要更好些當(dāng)前面一組數(shù)據(jù)對后面一組數(shù)據(jù)有影響的時候不能用柱狀圖柱狀圖主要是表示不同類型數(shù)據(jù)之間的差異圖中整個柱身的寬度要大于柱與柱之間的距離當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)類型較多盡量使用線圖在柱圖中，每組最多也就兩到三個“柱”圖表的分類學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略折線圖注意點：折線圖用于顯示研究結(jié)果隨時間變化的規(guī)律制作折線圖時要滿足期刊對圖表的分辨率要求可以對線圖曲線進行標(biāo)記區(qū)別餅狀圖注意點：最浪費版面但又不能說明規(guī)律的一種圖表，盡量不要使用總結(jié)：圖像中的特點不能被增強、遮蔽、移動、移除調(diào)整亮度、對比度或顏色平衡這些是可以接受的對特點的非線性調(diào)整是不允許的圖表的分類學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作與發(fā)表攻略期刊推薦的圖表格式：EPS（封裝的PostScrip）是矢量圖形（圖表，圖形，技術(shù)圖紙，注釋圖像）的首選格式AdobeAcrobatPDF格式（PDF）