新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4（思政智慧版）課件 Unit 6 Energy and food crises Section Section B

Unit6Energyandfoodcrises讀寫(xiě)教程4Ifyoudrainthepondtocatchallthefish,youwillcertainlygainalottoday,buttherewillbenofishforthenextyear.—MasterLü’sSpringandAutumnAnnals竭澤而漁，豈不獲得，而明年無(wú)魚(yú)?！秴问洗呵铩稴ectionBReadingskillsDetailedstudyoftextBReading

comprehensionCollocation新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4SectionBIdentifyingtheauthor’spurposeBeingabletoidentifytheauthor’spurposeisoneimportantqualityofaneffectivereader.Asweknow,everyauthorwritesforapurpose.Therearegenerallythreecommontypesofwritingpurposes:?Toinform:togiveinformationaboutasubject.Authorswiththispurposewishtoprovidefactsthatwillexplainsomethingsothatthereaderwillknoworknowmoreaboutit.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4ReadingskillsSectionBIdentifyingtheauthor’spurpose?Topersuade:toconvincethereadertoagreewiththeauthor’spointofviewonasubjectortoencouragethemtotakeacourseofaction.Authorswiththispurposemaygivefactsaswell,buttheirprimarygoalistoarguefororproveapointofview.?Toentertain:toamuseordelightthereaderinsomeway.Authorswiththispurposeoftenappealtothereader’ssensesandimaginationsoastointerestthem.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4ReadingskillsSectionBIdentifyingtheauthor’spurposeWhenyoutrytoidentifywhattypeofwritingyouaredealingwith,youcanmakeuseofthefollowingtwoskills.1Getcluesfromthemainideaofthepassage.Themainideaofareadingpassageisdirectlyrelatedtotheauthor’spurpose.Thetitle,thesisstatement,topicsentences,andconclusionofthepassageusuallyservetotellusthemainideaofit.Ifthemainideacommunicatesawell-establishedfact,新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4ReadingskillsSectionBIdentifyingtheauthor’spurposethentheauthor’spurposeistoinform.Incontrast,ifthemainideaexpressesastrongopinion,thentheauthor’spurposeistopersuade.Ifthepassageistoamusethereader,theauthor’spurposeisthentoentertain.Youcancomparethetwosamplemainideasbelow:?Painisanormalpartofaphysicalprocessthatletsusknowsomethingiswrong.(Toinform)新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4ReadingskillsSectionBIdentifyingtheauthor’spurpose新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Readingskills2Getcluesfromthelanguagestyleofthepassage.Sometimesauthorsdisguisetheirpurposes.Inthiscase,youcanfocusonthelanguagestyleofthepassagetoidentifytheauthor’spurpose.Aninformativepassageusuallyusesplainandstraightforwardlanguageandconveysaneutraltone,?TheInternethashadmoreofapositivethananegativeeffectoneducation.(Topersuade)SectionBIdentifyingtheauthor’spurposewhereasapersuasivepassageoftenusescomplexsentencestructuresandstrongtonewordsorexpressionssuchasmust,should,hadbetter,haveto,superb,horrifying,wonderful,absolutely,toomuch,etc.,toconveyaserioustoneorastrongemotion.Ifareadingpassageusesalotofinformallanguage,simplesentencestructures,figurativespeeches,anddialogs,suchas“Yes,Ihavegainedweight.Iweighedonlyeightpounds新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4ReadingskillsSectionBIdentifyingtheauthor’spurposewhenIwasborn”,anddemonstratesarelaxingoramusingtone,thentheauthor’spurposeisgenerallytoentertain.TakeTextAofthisunit,forexample.Wecanusetheabovetwoskillstohelpusidentifytheauthor’spurpose.1Thetitleofthetext“Thecomingenergycrisis”expressesanopinionratherthanafact.2Thethesisstatement“Theeventualdepletionoffossilfuels新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4ReadingskillsSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4ReadingskillsIdentifyingtheauthor’spurposethathithertoprovedsoreliablehasleftuswithnochoicebuttoprepareforanewageofenergysynthesis”(Para.3)communicatesanopinionaswell.3Thetextcontainsmanytonewordsandexpressionsthatrevealastrongemotionoraclearattitude,suchas:?Mostcertainly,humandemandforenergywillnotdecreaseorplateaubutsurgeastheworldpopulationgrowstonineSectionBIdentifyingtheauthor’spurposebillionbefore2040.(Para.3)?So,forthetimebeing,biomasshastoomanycostlydrawbackstobeaworkablealternativetofossilfuels.(Para.8)?Despitethedifficulties,itisimportanttorememberthatanenergycrisisisapproachingatasupersonicspeedandwillsoonbeuponus.(Para.9)Accordingtotheaboveclues,wecanconcludethatthepurposeofTextAistopersuade.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4ReadingskillsSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Readingskills1

WhenyoureadTextB,scanitforcluesthathelpyouidentifytheauthor’spurpose.Usethequestionsbelowtoguideyourscanning,andthendecide:Isthetextmeanttobeinformativeorpersuasive?1Whatdoesthetitletellusaboutthecontentofthetext?Thereisaquestionmarkinthetitle.Byusingaquestionmarkinthetitle,theauthortriestoattractourattentionandprepareusforactivethinking.Fromthetitle,wecanseethatthetextisaboutthepossibilityofaworldwidefoodcrisis.2ArethereanydifferentpointsofviewinParas.2-3?Yes,therearetwodifferentpointsofviewinParas.2-3.?Istheirfeargrounded?Consultancyfirmsmeasuringthestatusofcommoditieslikewheatdon’tthinkso.(Para.2)?However,thisrosypictureprovidesonlytemporarysecurity.Thebiggerpicturedisclosesarealitynotsooptimistic.(Para.3)新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4SectionBReadingskills3Arhetoricalquestionisaquestionaskedmerelyforeffectwithnoanswerexpected,orwithananswerimmediatelyprovidedbythequestioner.Arethereanyrhetoricalquestionsinthetext?Whatarethey?Yes,therearetworhetoricalquestionsinthetext.?Istheirfeargrounded?(Para.2)?Willcurrentpricesstayhighandvolatile?(Para.6)新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4SectionBReadingskills4Isthereanyquoteinthetext?Whereisitfrom?Whatisitspurpose?Yes,thereisaquoteinPara.8.ItisfromapamphletbyanAustralianphilosopher:“…theproblemisn’tthatweareproducingtoolittlefood;ratherwe’renoteatingthefoodwegrow.Nearly100milliontonsofgrainperyearisturnedintobio-fuelthatgoesintogastanks.Theproblemisthatwe–therelativelyaffluent–havecreatedasystemofpiracywhereweconsumefourorfivetimesasmuchfoodaswouldbe新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4SectionBReadingskills4Isthereanyquoteinthetext?Whereisitfrom?Whatisitspurpose?possibleifweweretoactuallyeatthecropswegrowdirectly.”Thequoteistoillustratethatlargequantitiesoffoodwegrowareactuallynotconsumedasfoodbutusedforproducingbio-fuels.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4SectionBReadingskills5Howwouldyoudescribethelanguageofthetext?Isitformal,informal,evaluative,oremotional?Whydoyouthinkso?Thelanguageofthetextcanbedescribedasformal,serious,andevaluative,whichisevidentfromthetext’slongandcomplexsentencestructures,affirmativetoneofwriting,descriptiveadjectives,andmodalverbsthatexpressstrongopinions,likeneed,must,etc.So,judgingfromtheanswerstoallofthequestionshere,wecanconcludethatthetextismeanttobepersuasive.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4SectionBReadingskillsSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Aworldwidefoodcrisis?1Historically,onlylocalgovernmentsworriedaboutawidespreadfoodcrisis,buttoday,asharpspikeinfoodpricesandtheresultingfoodcrisiscanquicklybecomeaworldwidephenomenon.Inthepast,droughtsalongtheequatorandincountrieswhichaccountfor

alargeportionofworldwheatexportscausedwheatpricestosurge.Manyworrythetightsupplytodaywillcauseinflationaryprices.TheyfeartheDetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4skyrocketinggraincostswhichonceharshlystrucktheworld’spoorandledtofoodriotswillrecur.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程42Istheirfeargrounded?Consultancyfirmsmeasuringthestatusofcommoditieslikewheatdon’tthinkso.Stocksofwheatareatsufficientlyhighlevels,andtheturnoutfromsomebigproducersisstillexpectedtostaystrong.Sounlikebefore,thesupplysituationisn’tdesperate,meaningwheatpricesshouldeventuallycalmdown

andleveloff.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程43However,thisrosypictureprovidesonlytemporarysecurity.Thebiggerpicturedisclosesarealitynotsooptimistic.Thoughcurrentpricesmaynotbeassky-highasinthemostpanickedmarketofthepast,they’restillathigherlevelsthanbeforeandarelikelytostaythatway.TheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)seestheaveragepricesofproductsclassifiedas

essentialsuchasgrain,vegetableoils,anddairyproductsrisingforthenextdecade.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程44Itdoesn’ttakeanoracletoforetellthatthefighttofeedtheworldwillbeahugechallengefacingtheglobaleconomyoverthenext20years.Foodproductionissufferingfromdecadesofneglectofagriculture,aperiodwhenthesectorwasstarvedoftheresourcesandtechnologyitneededtokeepupwithrisingworlddemand.Thoughmoreandmorepeopleareintriguedbytheissueandthereisagrowing

globalconsensusabout

theneedforreforminfarming,we’rereallyonlyatthebeginningDetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4of

along,expensiveprocessofrepairingworldagriculturalpractices.Thatmeansfoodpriceswillstayhighoverthenextseveralyears,aswilltheriskofdangerouspricefluctuationslikethecurrentonewithwheat.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4

5Foodisn’tlikegarmentsorotherproductstradedonworldmarkets.Theissueoffoodgeneratesstrongemotions.Intermittent

uncertaintyinfoodmarketswillanimatepeopletoactwhentheywouldotherwiseremaincalm.Nocountry,forexample,wantstorunoutoffoodorwatchsky-highpricespushpeopleintopovertyandmalnourishment.Whenpublicemotionsarerunninghighenough,grainexportersandimportersmaytakeextrememeasurestopreventashortage,likehoardingandDetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4panic-drivenwholesalepurchases.Inotherwords,theoverreactionofmarketplayerswillactlikeapistoltothehead,creatingacrisiswhennoneshouldexist.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程46Willcurrentpricesstayhighandvolatile?Probablyyes.Thereareenormousstructuralproblemswiththeagricultureindustry,whichhascausedgreatimbalancebetweensupplyanddemand.Theseproblemshaveadualnature,oneontheproductionside,andoneontheconsumptionside.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程47

Ontheproductionside,globalfundingforruralinfrastructureortechnologicalresearchtokeepyieldsgrowinghasbeenverysmall,wellbelowwhatisneededtokeepthecrisisatbay

andtomeetourfuturefooddemand.Butinthepast,whenevereconomistspredictedmassiveshortages,technologicaladvanceslikehigher-yieldstrainsofwheatwouldovercometheshortagesandrescuecivilizationsfrom

large-scalestarvation.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程48Ontheconsumptionside,citizensofwealthiercountrieshavegrownaccustomedtoconsumingmorefoodthantheyneedandeatingmorecostlytypesoffoodlikemeat.Thismeansmoregraingetsturnedintolivestockfeedinsteadoffoodforpeople.Addinthenewdemandforbio-fuels,andyougetarecipefor

disaster.AsanexcerptfromapamphletbyanAustralianphilosopherexplains:“…theproblemisn’tthatweareproducingtoolittlefood;ratherwe’renoteatingthefoodwegrow.NearlyDetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4100milliontonsofgrainperyearisturnedintobio-fuelthatgoesintogastanks.Theproblemisthatwe–therelativelyaffluent–havecreatedasystemofpiracywhereweconsumefourorfivetimesasmuchfoodaswouldbepossibleifweweretoactuallyeatthecropswegrowdirectly.”DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程49Howcanweneutralizethisproblemanddodgethefuturecrisis?Thesolutionliesattheintersectionofmoneyandtime.Councilors,legislators,andgovernmentagenciesofsomecountrieshavehadtheforesighttorealizethisfactandaregivingmoresubsidiestoagriculture.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程410

Morethanever,weneedtheappropriationoftimeandmoneyawayfromnon-essentialdevelopmentprojectsandtowardcreatingacoherentinternationalplantodealwithhunger.Weareabouttoruptureattheseams,withtheworldpopulationexpectedtoreachatotalofninebillionby2037.Itisestimatedthatfeedingsuchalargepopulationwouldrequirea70percentincreaseinglobalfoodproductionfromwhatitisnow.Whysuchadiscrepancy?TherapidlygrowingpopulationnotonlyneedsDetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4morebasicfoods,likegrain,butalsoenjoysfoodshigheruponthefoodchain,likemeat.Theydesirenotonlythebasicessentialsoflife,butalsomoresophisticatedtechnologieslikeautomobilesthatusebio-fuels!DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程411

All

signposts

pointtotheneedforfoodproductionintheworldtoincreasesubstantially.Toachievethis,anenormousinvestmentinagriculturefromvarioussourcesisneeded.Governmentagencies,non-profitorganizations,agriculturalscientists,privateinvestors,andcharitabledonors,allmustpartnertogethertobuildthecapacityofthewholeworldtoanswerthistremendousneedforfood.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程412

Whilewemaynotbeseeingallthesymptomsofafoodshortagesyndromeyet,wemustbeclear-eyedinouron-goingsupportforfoodproduction.Themessageisexplicit:Weareonacollisioncourse.Buttheproblemissoluble.Likeclimbingastaircase,wemustdoitcarefullyandconsistentlyifwearetoreachourgoalandpreventaglobalfoodcrisis.DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Inthepast,onlygovernmentsinsomeregionsoftheworldworriedaboutalarge-scalefoodcrisis,buttoday,asuddensharpincreaseinfoodpricesandtheconsequentfoodcrisiscanquicklyspreadthroughoutthewholeworld.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★spike:n.[C](infml.)anysuddenincrease驟增Duetotheshortageofproperties,tenantsfearthattherewillbeaspikeinrentsinthecomingmonths.

由于房源短缺，租戶們擔(dān)心未來(lái)幾個(gè)月的租金會(huì)大漲。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Inthepast,droughtsalongtheequatorandincountriesthatsupplyalargepartoftheworld’sexportedwheatcausedwheatpricestogouprapidly.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★equator:n.(the~)animaginarylinethatgoesroundtheearthanddividesitintothenorthernandsouthernhemispheres赤道Climatechangecouldleadtohugemigrationsofbothpeopleandanimalslivingneartheequator.氣候變化可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致生活在赤道附近的人和動(dòng)物進(jìn)行大規(guī)模遷移。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★accountfor:1)formaparticularamountorpartofsth.（在數(shù)量或比例上）占，占據(jù)Themeanageoftheparticipantsinthestudywas42years,andmaleparticipantsaccountedfor53.9percent.該研究參與者的平均年齡為42歲，男性占53.9%。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext2)bethereasonwhysth.existsorhappens是…的原因Thetypesofgamesobservedandthemethodsofobservationadoptedinthetwostudiesmayaccountforthedifferencesbetweentheirresults.這兩項(xiàng)研究所觀察的游戲種類及所采用的觀察方法可能是導(dǎo)致其研究結(jié)果差異的原因。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★export:n.1)[C,usu.pl.]aproductthatissoldtoanothercountry出口商品China’sexports,whetherbyrail,road,sea,orair,haveincreasedmonumentallyoverthelasttwodecades.過(guò)去20年，中國(guó)的出口，無(wú)論是在鐵路、公路、海運(yùn)還是空運(yùn)方面，都有大幅增長(zhǎng)。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext2)[U]thebusinessofsellingandsendinggoodstoothercountries出口Ourcompanyreliesonmoderntechnologytoproducehigh-endteaforexporttotheUnitedStatesandEurope.我們公司依靠現(xiàn)代技術(shù)生產(chǎn)高檔茶葉，出口到美國(guó)和歐洲。v.sellgoodstoanothercountry出口Thecompanynowemploysmorethan60staffandexportswinetocountriessuchasMalaysia,Singapore,India,andJapan.該公司目前雇有60多名員工，向馬來(lái)西亞、新加坡、印度和日本等國(guó)家出口葡萄酒。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Manypeopleworrythattheinsufficientsupplytodaywillresultincontinuousincreaseoffoodprices.Theyfearthattheexcessivelyhighgraincostswhichonceseriouslyhitthepoorcountriesaroundtheworldanddisruptedthefoodmarketwillhappenagain.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★inflation:n.[U]acontinuingincreaseinprices,ortherateatwhichpricesincrease物價(jià)上漲（率）；通貨膨脹（率）Aneconomiccollapsewillhavewarningsigns,frommassiveinflationtoshortagesofallkinds,andtoastockmarketcollapse.經(jīng)濟(jì)崩潰會(huì)有預(yù)警信號(hào)，比如大規(guī)模通脹、各種物資短缺、股市暴跌等等。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★inflationary:a.relatingtoorcausingpriceincreases價(jià)格上漲的；（引起）通貨膨脹的Thebankhasbeenreluctanttoreduceinterestratestodealwiththesloweconomicgrowth,mainlyduetofearsaboutraisinginflationaryexpectations.銀行一直不愿降息來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)放緩的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，主要是因?yàn)閾?dān)心會(huì)導(dǎo)致通脹預(yù)期上升。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★riot:n.[C,U]aviolentprotestbyacrowdofpeople暴亂；騷亂Thequickandfirmreactionofthepolicepreventedtheriotfromgoingoutofcontrolandminimizedtheamountofpropertydamage.警方迅速而果斷的反應(yīng)避免了騷亂失控，并將財(cái)產(chǎn)損失降到了最低。vi.protestviolentlyaboutsth.暴力抗議；發(fā)動(dòng)騷亂；鬧事Afewpeopleweretherestirringthingsup,tryingtogettheworkerstoriot.有幾個(gè)人在那兒煽風(fēng)點(diǎn)火，想使工人鬧事。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★recur:vi.happenagain再次發(fā)生；重現(xiàn)It’sclearthattheyhaveconductedathoroughinvestigationtoensurethatmistakesofthiskindwillnotrecurinthefuture.

很明顯他們已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了徹查，以確保此類錯(cuò)誤今后不再發(fā)生。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Isthereagoodreasonforthemtofeelworried?Consultingfirmsthatstudytheconditionoftradegoodslikewheatdon’tthinkso.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★consultancy:n.1)[C]acompanythatgivesadviceonaparticularsubject咨詢公司；顧問(wèn)公司Theconsultancyexpectsaslowgrowthoftheautomarketoverthenextdecade,duetotheriseinmarketmaturity.由于市場(chǎng)成熟度的提高，該咨詢公司預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)10年汽車市場(chǎng)將增長(zhǎng)緩慢。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext2)[U]advicethatacompanyispaidtoprovide（咨詢公司收費(fèi)提供的）咨詢，咨詢意見(jiàn)Thefirmprovidestrainingandconsultancyonhowtoplansalesandpromotions.該公司就如何規(guī)劃銷售和促銷活動(dòng)提供培訓(xùn)和咨詢服務(wù)。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Stocksofwheatareatsignificantlyhighlevels,andtheproductioncapacityofsomemajorwheat-producingcountriesisstillpredictedtoremainstrong.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★turnout:n.1)[C,U]quantityofproduction;output產(chǎn)量；產(chǎn)額Thefactoryproducedarecordturnoutthisyear.這家工廠今年的產(chǎn)量創(chuàng)了紀(jì)錄。2)[U]thenumberofpeoplewhocometoanevent參加人數(shù)；出席人數(shù)；到場(chǎng)人數(shù)Theorganizersofthepromotioneventwereverydisappointedatthelowturnoutofcustomers.顧客到場(chǎng)人數(shù)太少使促銷活動(dòng)的組織者們感到很失望。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Sounlikebefore,thesupplysituationisn’tsobad,whichmeansthatwheatpricesshouldfinallystoprisingsoquicklyandbecomestablegradually.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★calmdown:(ofsituations)becomeeasiertodealwith（情況）恢復(fù)平靜，恢復(fù)正常Thesituationhereisreallybad.You’dbetterstaywithafriendorrelativeuntilthingscalmdown.這里的情況實(shí)在糟糕。在一切恢復(fù)平靜之前，你最好待在朋友或親戚那兒。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★leveloff:1)stoprisingorfallingandbecomesteady變得平穩(wěn)；保持穩(wěn)定Thereportsuggeststhatmeatpricesmaybesomewhathigherintheshortterm,buttheywilllevelofftoareasonablelevelwithinafewweeks.這份報(bào)告顯示，肉價(jià)短期內(nèi)也許偏高，但幾周內(nèi)會(huì)穩(wěn)定到合理的價(jià)位。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext2)stopgoingupordownandcontinueatthesameheightoramount趨于平坦（或平穩(wěn)）；作水平移動(dòng)Theflightattendantsarewaitingfortheplanetoleveloffsothattheycanservethedrinks.乘務(wù)員在等飛機(jī)進(jìn)入水平飛行狀態(tài)，以便提供飲料服務(wù)。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:However,thisoptimisticscenarioenablesustobefreeofworryonlyforthemoment.Abroaderviewofthesituationrevealsarealitythatisnotsooptimistic.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★rosy:a.1)seemingtoofferhopeofsuccessorhappiness充滿成功希望的；美好的Shehasundertakenanumberofimportantrolessincejoiningustwoyearsagoandhasarosyfuturewiththecompany.自兩年前加入我們以來(lái)，她承擔(dān)了不少重要角色，在公司擁有美好的未來(lái)。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext2)pink粉紅色的Mysisterisaveryhappylittlegirlwithrosycheeks,largeeyes,andtheloveliestsmile.我妹妹是一個(gè)非?？鞓?lè)的小女孩，有著粉紅色的臉頰、大大的眼睛和最可愛(ài)的微笑。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★disclose:vt.giveinformationtopeople,esp.informationthatwassecret透露，泄露（尤指秘密）Thoughthesingerdidn’tdiscloseanydetailsabouthisupcomingalbum,hedidstatethatitcontainsseveralsongshewrotewhileonholidaylastyear.雖然這位歌手沒(méi)有透露關(guān)于他即將發(fā)行的專輯的任何細(xì)節(jié)，但他確實(shí)表示其中有幾首歌是他去年度假時(shí)創(chuàng)作的。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:TheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)predictsthatoverthenextdecade,therewillbeanincreaseintheaveragepricesofessentialproductssuchasgrain,vegetableoils,anddairyproducts.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★classifysth.assth.:decidewhatgroupsth.belongsto將…歸在某一類Whalesareclassifiedasmammalsratherthanfish.鯨被歸為哺乳動(dòng)物，而不是魚(yú)類。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★dairy:a.奶牛的；奶制品的；乳品的ManyChineseconsumershavenowtakenafancytonoveldairyproductssuchascreamy,sweet,fruit-flavoredyogurt,andyogurt-baseddrinks.許多中國(guó)消費(fèi)者現(xiàn)在喜歡新型乳制品，比如奶油味、甜味、水果味的酸奶以及酸奶類飲料等。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetextn.[C]牛奶場(chǎng)；乳品場(chǎng)；乳品公司Environmentalstandardsraisedthecostsofrunningadairyinthearea,becausedairyproducershadtokeepthelandandwatersurroundingtheirfarmsclean.環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)使得該地區(qū)乳品公司的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本有所提高，因?yàn)槿橹破飞a(chǎn)商必須保持農(nóng)場(chǎng)周圍的土地和水域清潔。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Itisevidenttoeveryonethatoverthenext20years,thetaskofproducingenoughfoodtofeedallthepeopleintheworldwillbeanenormouschallengefacedbytheworldeconomy.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★oracle:n.[C]1)(oftenhumorous)apersonorbookthatgivesthebestadviceorinformationonsth.哲人；能提供最佳建議（或信息）的人（或書(shū)）

Everychildcanbeagenius,andeveryteachercanbeanoracle.每一個(gè)孩子都可能是天才，每一位老師都可能是哲人。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext2)sb.whotheancientGreeksbelievedcouldcommunicatewiththegods,whogaveadvicetopeopleortoldthemwhatwouldhappen（古希臘的）傳神諭者，神使Atthebeginningofthestory,anoraclesaysthatthefirstmantoarriveatthetempleshallbetheking.在故事開(kāi)頭，一位神使說(shuō)第一個(gè)到達(dá)神殿的人將成為國(guó)王。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★foretell:vt.saywhatwillhappeninthefuture;predict預(yù)言；預(yù)示Liqiu,the13thofthe24solartermsintheChineselunarcalendar,notonlyforetellstheendofthescorchingsummer,butalsomarkstheapproachingharvestseason.中國(guó)農(nóng)歷二十四節(jié)氣中的第十三個(gè)節(jié)氣“立秋”不僅預(yù)示著炎炎夏日的結(jié)束，也標(biāo)志著收獲季節(jié)的到來(lái)。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Foodproductionisnowgoingthroughadifficulttimecausedbythefailuretoinvestinagricultureinthelastfewdecades,aperiodwhenthefoodindustrywasindesperateneedoftheresourcesandtechnologynecessaryforkeepingupwiththeworld’sgrowingfooddemand.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★neglect:n.[U]failuretolookaftersth.orsb.,ortheconditionofnotbeinglookedafter疏忽Pleaseuseeverythinginthehotelroomcarefully.Youwillhavetopayfortherepairifanythingisdamagedduetoneglect.請(qǐng)小心使用酒店房間內(nèi)的所有物品。如果由于疏忽造成任何物品損壞，你得承擔(dān)維修費(fèi)用。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★bestarvedofsth.:bepreventedfromhavingenoughofwhatyouneed缺乏…Theplantswillslowlydieiftheyarestarvedofwaterandnutrients.如果缺乏水和營(yíng)養(yǎng)，這些植物就會(huì)慢慢死去。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Thoughmoreandmorepeoplebecomeinterestedintheissueandthereisawiderglobalagreementabouttheneedforchangesinfarming,wehavereallyjuststartedalongandexpensiveprocessofimprovingagriculturalmethodsintheworld.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★Thereisagrowing…about/in/with,etc.…:usedtoexpressthemeaningthat“peoplearehaving/becomingmore…about/in/with,etc.…”對(duì)…（人們）有越來(lái)越多的…Thereisagrowingdiscussionabouthowtoprotectpersonalinformation.關(guān)于如何保護(hù)個(gè)人信息的討論越來(lái)越多。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4NoteAlsonotethatthestructure“thereisagrowing…that…”expressesasimilarmeaningastheabovestructure.Forexample:Thereisagrowingrecognitionthatasignificantproportionofdiseaseisaconsequenceofunhealthylifestyles.越來(lái)越多的人認(rèn)識(shí)到，很多疾病都是不健康的生活方式引起的。Detailedstudyofthetext★consensus:

n.[sing,U]anopinionthateveryoneinagroupagreeswithoraccepts共同意見(jiàn)；一致看法；共識(shí)Scientistshaven’treachedaconsensusaboutthesafetyofgeneticallymodifiedfoods.科學(xué)家們尚未就轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的安全性問(wèn)題達(dá)成共識(shí)。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4DetailedstudyofthetextSectionBMeaning:Foodisn’tlikeclothingorotherproductsthatarebeingboughtorsoldonworldmarkets.Theissueoffoodcaneasilycausestrongemotionalresponsesinpeople.新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)教程4Detailedstudyofthetext★garment:n.[C](fml.)apieceofclothing服裝；衣服Ifagarmentneedsdrycleaning,chancesarethatitismoretreasured,orsomewhatdifficulttowashathome.如果一件衣服需要干洗，那這件衣服很可能更珍貴，或者不方便在家里洗。SectionB新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)（第四版）讀寫(xiě)