高中英語(yǔ)人教版必修三教學(xué)案：Unit-4-Section-5-含答案

[技法指導(dǎo)]解決問(wèn)題類說(shuō)明文，就是針對(duì)某一問(wèn)題提出具體的解決方法并進(jìn)行適當(dāng)論述，給讀者提供知識(shí)，使之掌握解決問(wèn)題的方法。此類作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)如下：第一部分：提出問(wèn)題或闡述某件事情的重要性；第二部分：列舉說(shuō)明處理某事的方式或解決某個(gè)問(wèn)題的途徑；第三部分：針對(duì)提出的解決方法進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)價(jià)，也可提出個(gè)人建議或選擇，并闡述理由。黃金表達(dá)常用的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)1．Oneofthebiggestproblemsfacingtheworldtodayisglobalwarming.世界所面臨的最大問(wèn)題之一是全球變暖。2．Asweallknow,theglobalwatershortageisbecomingincreasinglyseveremainlyduetoglobalwarming.眾所周知，由于全球變暖，全球水資源短缺問(wèn)題正變得日益嚴(yán)重。3．Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正變得更加暖和，全球變暖正是人類活動(dòng)所致。4．Inordertoavoidtrafficjams,Istronglysuggestsomeeffectivemeasuresbetaken.為避免交通擁堵，我強(qiáng)烈建議采取一些有效的措施。主體部分常用表達(dá)1．Inthefirstplace,Iwouldalsorecommendabalanceddiet.首先，我也會(huì)推薦均衡飲食。2．Weshouldworktogethertofightagainstpollutionandmakeourenvironmentsaferandmorecomfortabletolivein.我們應(yīng)該一起努力同污染作斗爭(zhēng)使我們的環(huán)境更安全更適宜居住。3．Thereisnodenyingthefactthatitisaseriousproblem;thegovernmentshouldtakestrongmeasurestodealwithit.無(wú)可否認(rèn)，這是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，政府應(yīng)該采取有力措施來(lái)解決它。4．Themostimportantthingisthatpeopleshouldbemadeawareoftheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.最重要的是應(yīng)讓人們意識(shí)到保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性。常用的結(jié)束語(yǔ)1．Ifwearemoreenvironmentallyfriendly,theearth'stemperaturemaynotrisetoomuch.如果我們多善待環(huán)境，地球溫度就可能不會(huì)上升那么快了。2．AsfarasI'mconcerned,it'severyone'sdutytoprotecttheenvironment.依我看來(lái)，保護(hù)環(huán)境是我們每個(gè)人的責(zé)任。3．It'shightimethatwedidsomethingaboutit.是我們?cè)撟鲂┦虑榈臅r(shí)候了。[寫作規(guī)范][題目要求]假設(shè)你是李華，對(duì)探月感興趣，現(xiàn)在寫一篇短文，設(shè)想如何在假期到月球旅行，重點(diǎn)問(wèn)題是如何克服吃飯和喝水的問(wèn)題。要求：詞數(shù)100左右。[三步作文法]第一步：搜索單元詞匯1．重力gravity2．飄浮float3．阻止……做……prevent_..._from_...4．解決solve5．嘗試try/have_a_try6．遲早；終于in_time第二步：巧用單元語(yǔ)法和句型(一)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子1．如果我參觀月球，會(huì)有一個(gè)問(wèn)題。IfIvisitedthemoon,there_would_be_a_problem.2．我可能要面對(duì)一個(gè)問(wèn)題。Imightbe_facedwithaproblem.3．Whatcanbestdescribetheauthor'sfeelingsafterthefirstpractice?A．Mixed.B．Puzzled.C．Thankful.D．Regretful.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Isatrigid,tryingtocatchmybreath.Partofmewantedtogetoutandneverdriveagain...Ihadovercomeoneofmygreatestfears—losingcontrolofthecar.Ievenfeltalittleexcited”不難看出，第一次練習(xí)結(jié)束后，作者既害怕又因?yàn)樽约嚎朔丝謶侄械郊?dòng)，心情很復(fù)雜。4．Whatdoweknowabouttheclass?A．It'stiring.B．It'shelpful.C．It'sexpensive.D．It'sinteresting.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“therewassnowontheground,Ididn'teventhinkaboutcallinganotherparenttodrivemydaughtertoschool.‘Icandothis，’Itoldmyself.AndIdid.”可知，再次遇到下雪天的時(shí)候，作者自己開(kāi)車送女兒去學(xué)校，這說(shuō)明作者克服了自己的恐懼，課程很有用。Ⅱ.任務(wù)型閱讀Mostofusbelievethatweknowourselvesbetterthananyoneinthisworld.Butalotofpeoplearestillstrangerstothemselves.Why?1.________Ifyouareoneofthosewhowanttoknowyourselfbetter,thesestepswillguideyou.Takesometimetowritedownthingsthatyouknowverywellaboutyourself—yourinterests,likes,dislikes,preferences,hobbies,strengths,weaknesses,hopes,fears,dreamsandsoon.2.________Bycreatingalistofyourpersonalcharacteristicsthatyouarefamiliarwith,youarekeepingyourselfintouchwithyourself.Takepersonalityandpsychologicaltests.TheInternethasarichsourceoffreeonlinepersonalityandpsychologicalassessmentsandtests.3.________Knowyourselfbetterbyunderstandingpeople'sperceptions(看法)aboutyou.4.________Sometimes,youthinkyouknowyourselfenough,butotherpeoplewhoseeyoufromtheirpointofviewcanofferyousomeinsights(洞察力)astohowyouactandgetunderstoodbyothers.Becareful,however,tobalanceallperceptionstocomeupwithanobjectiveviewaboutyourself.5．________It'salifetimeprocess.Everydayyouwillbegivennewinsightsaboutyourself.Writingajournalwillhelpyoukeeptrackofthesenewdiscoveries.Maintainingthathungerforknowingyourselfbetterwillmakeyoumoreself-aware,whichwillopenupnewopportunitiestoenrichyourlife.A．Keeponlearningwhoyouare.B．Byansweringthem,youwillunderstandmoreaboutyourself.C．Reflectonthesequalitiesandfindouthowtheyinfluenceyourlife.D．Youshouldhavetheconfidencethatyoucandowellinsomefields.E．Payattentiontowhatyourfamily,friendsandteacherssayaboutyou.F．Spendtimecomparingyourselfwithothers,andyou'llknowyourselfbetter.G．Noteveryoneiscourageousenoughtoreallyachieveabetterself-understanding.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹如何更好地了解自己。1．解析：選G根據(jù)本空前“Butalotofpeoplearestillstrangerstothemselves.Why？”可知，該選項(xiàng)正好回答了為什么有很多人仍然不了解自己這一問(wèn)題——并不是每個(gè)人都有足夠的勇氣真正地達(dá)到了較好的自我了解，故選G。2．解析：選C本選項(xiàng)中的“thesequalities”指代前一句所列舉出的個(gè)性特征，同時(shí)與后一句中的“yourpersonalcharacteristics”所指的是同一事物，故選C。3．解析：選B本選項(xiàng)中的them指代前一句中的“onlinepersonalityandpsychologicalassessmentsandtests.”本句意為：通過(guò)回答這些測(cè)試，你會(huì)更多地了解自己。故選B。4．解析：選E本選項(xiàng)承接上一句說(shuō)明了如何通過(guò)別人對(duì)你的看法來(lái)更好地了解自己，即要留意身邊的人是怎樣評(píng)價(jià)你的，故選E。5．解析：選A根據(jù)本段的內(nèi)容可以概括出本段的主旨，即要持續(xù)不斷地了解自己，故此處選A。Ⅲ.完形填空WhenIqbalMasihwasfouryearsold,hisdesperatelypoor,uneducatedparentssoldhimtoacarpetmakerfor$200.Forsixyears,Iqbalmadecarpetseveryday.Hedidnoteatwellandspent14hoursaday__1__overacarpetloom(織機(jī)).Asaresult,hewas__2__andhisbonesdidnotgrowcorrectly.The__3__intheairdamagedhislungs.WhenIqbalwas__4__，EhsanUllaKhan,founderoftheBondedLaborLiberationFront(BLLF),__5__Iqbal.KhanfoundedBLLFin1988to__6__childlaborinPakistan.Theorganizationhasfreedmorethan30，000childrenandrunsitsownschools.Iqbalwenttoschoolandtheneventually__7__theBLLFtoworkinsupportofPakistan'stwelvemillionchildlaborers.Although__8__andsmall,Iqbalwasbraveand__9__.AsaworkerwiththeBLLF,hespoketochildrenabouttheir__10__andworkedtofreeasmanyas3，000children.HealsotraveledtotheUnitedStatesandEuropeasaninternational__11__fortheBLLF.Onthese__12__hemadespeechesaskingforanendtobondedchildlabor.Healsoaskedpeoplenotto__13__Pakistanicarpetsbecausealmostallofthemweremadeby__14__．Iqbalbecameaninternational__15__.In1992,Pakistanicarpetexportsdroppedforthefirsttimeindecades.Exportsdecreasedfurtherin1993and1994.AlthoughIqbalwas__16__ayoungchild,hebecamethe__17__ofPakistan'scarpetmakers.OnApril16,1995,thecarpet__18__gottheirrevenge(報(bào)復(fù)).Iqbalwasshotand__19__whileridinghisbicyclewithafriend.Hiskillershavenotyetbeencaught.__20__，theworkofthisbraveyoungmancontinuesandtheoutrage(憤慨)againstchildlaborisgrowingallovertheworld.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是記敘文。文章講述了IqbalMasih做童工的經(jīng)歷和反對(duì)巴基斯坦雇用童工做地毯的故事。1．A.bendingB．walkingC．talkingD．sleeping解析：選A根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，織地毯時(shí)童工應(yīng)該是彎著腰的，再結(jié)合下文的“hisbonesdidnotgrowcorrectly”可推斷，Iqbal每天長(zhǎng)時(shí)間“彎著腰(bending)”織地毯。2．A.strongB．prettyC．darkD．tiny解析：選D由上文的“Hedidnoteatwell”可推斷，Iqbal因?yàn)闋I(yíng)養(yǎng)不良長(zhǎng)得很“瘦小(tiny)”。3．A.soundB．fragranceC．dustD．water解析：選C由下文的“damagedhislungs”可推斷，空氣中的“塵埃(dust)”損害了Iqbal的肺。4．A.fourB．sixC．tenD．twelve解析：選C由第一段中的“WhenIqbalMasihwasfouryearsold,his...parentssoldhimtoacarpetmakerfor$200.Forsixyears,Iqbalmadecarpetseveryday”可推斷，Iqbal十歲時(shí)結(jié)束了童工生涯。5．A.metB．freedC．hurtD．hired解析：選B由下文的“Theorganizationhasfreedmorethan30，000children”及“Iqbalwenttoschool”可推斷，Khan使Iqbal獲得了“自由(freed)”。6．A.takeadvantageofB．fightagainstC．giveupD．turnto解析：選B由下文的“Theorganizationhasfreedmorethan30，000children”可推斷，Khan成立BLLF的目的是“反對(duì)(fightagainst)”巴基斯坦雇用童工。7．A.startedB．neededC．joinedD．forbade解析：選C由下文的“workinsupportofPakistan'stwelvemillionchildlaborers”可推斷，Iqbal“加入了(joined)”BLLF。8．A.sillyB．a(chǎn)ngryC．lazyD．sick解析：選D由第一段末的“Asaresult,hewas...theairdamagedhislungs”可推斷，Iqbal“身體不好(sick)”。9．A.smartB．richC．modestD．kind解析：選A下文提到Iqbal代表BLLF在美國(guó)和歐洲演講并成功解救了很多童工，他還倡議人們不要購(gòu)買巴基斯坦的地毯。這說(shuō)明他是一個(gè)“聰明的(smart)”孩子。10．A.rightsB．giftsC．jobsD．friends解析：選A上文提到Iqbal反對(duì)雇用童工，據(jù)此可推斷他應(yīng)該是向孩子們講他們的各項(xiàng)“權(quán)利(rights)”，如受教育的權(quán)利。11．A.businessmanB．gentlemanC．spokesmanD．policeman解析：選C由下文的“hemadespeeches”可推斷，Iqbal以BLLF的國(guó)際“發(fā)言人(spokesman)”的身份去了美國(guó)和歐洲。12．A.factsB．tripsC．boardsD．carpets解析：選B由上文的“HealsotraveledtotheUnitedStatesandEurope”可知應(yīng)選trips。13．A.showB．buyC．sellD．damage解析：選B由下文的“In1992,Pakistanicarpetexportsdropped”可推斷，Iqbal請(qǐng)求人們不要“購(gòu)買(buy)”巴基斯坦地毯。14．A.machinesB．a(chǎn)dultsC．robotsD．children解析：選DIqbal反對(duì)雇用童工，并為此請(qǐng)求人們不要購(gòu)買巴基斯坦地毯，因?yàn)閹缀跛械陌突固沟靥憾际恰皟和?children)”制作的。15．A.starB．writerC．heroD．teacher解析：選CIqbal反對(duì)雇用童工且工作效果顯著，據(jù)此可推斷，他成了國(guó)際“英雄(hero)”。16．A.stillB．evenC．a(chǎn)lreadyD．a(chǎn)lso解析：選A參見(jiàn)下題解析。17．A.supporterB．partnerC．leaderD．enemy解析：選D由上文Iqbal號(hào)召人們不要購(gòu)買巴基斯坦地毯及下文的“gottheirrevenge”可推斷，Iqbal雖然“仍然(still)”是個(gè)孩子，但是因?yàn)橛|犯了地毯制造商的利益而成了他們的“敵人(enemy)”。18．A.designersB．loversC．makersD．consumers解析：選C上文提到Iqbal成了地毯制造商的敵人，要報(bào)復(fù)他的應(yīng)該也是這些人。故選makers。19．A.punishedB．touchedC．firedD．killed解析：選D由下文“Hiskillers”可知，Iqbal被“殺害了(killed)”。20．A.InsteadB．HoweverC．ThereforeD．Otherwise解析：選B“殺死Iqbal的兇手沒(méi)有被抓到”和“反對(duì)童工的工作繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，人們對(duì)雇用童工的行為更加憤慨”之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選However。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空M：MissDermott,doyouthink,withinafewyears,manypeoplecouldworkathomeinsteadof1.________(work)inoffices?W：Oh,yes.It'shappeningnow.Yousee,thecommunicationindustry2.________(make)muchprogressinthelasttenyears.M：Andhowdothesepeoplemanagetowork?Imean,3.________equipmentdotheyhaveathome?W：Well,4.________haveatelevisionset,acomputer,aprinter,andatelephonetokeepintouch5.________others.M：Oh,Isee.It'scertainthatthere'resomeadvantagesofbeingabletoworkathome.W：Yes.Peopledon'thavetospendalotoftime6.________(get)toandfromtheirworkplaces.Therushhours,aseveryoneknows,arethe7.________(bad)timeofadaytotravel,andmillionsofpeoplehavetogetupearly.M：Oh,Isee.W：Inthefuture,aBritishfirm,8.________baseisinLondon,mightemployclerksinBelfast,and9.________PariscompanycouldhavetheirsecretariesinSpain,10.________thentheyjustareabletouseatelephoneandacomputertofinishallthetasks.語(yǔ)篇解讀：未來(lái)可能會(huì)有很多人只需要在家辦公，不再需要在家和公司之間來(lái)回奔波。1．解析：working考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。insteadofdoingsth.“而不是做某事”。2．解析：hasmade考查時(shí)態(tài)。inthelast...years常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用