《英語構詞法》課件

PPTcoursewareforEnglishwordformation目錄CONTENTSIntroductiontoEnglishWordFormationPrefixwordformationmethodSuffixwordformationCompoundwordformationTransformationalwordformationmethodSummaryandPractice01IntroductiontoEnglishWordFormationEnglishwordformationistheprocessofcreatingnewwordsintheEnglishlanguagethroughvariousderivativeandsurroundingprocessesDefinitionTherearetwomaintypesofwordformation:derivativeandcompoundingTypesWhatisEnglishwordformationDerivativeThistypeofwordformationinvolvesaddingprefixesorsuffixestoexistingwordstocreatenewwordswithdifferentmeansorfunctionsComposingComposinginvestmentscombiningtwoormorewordstocreateanewcompoundwordClassificationofEnglishwordformationVocabularyGrowth01Wordformationisakeyprocessinvocabularygrowth,asitallowsEnglishspeakerstoexpressnewideasandconceptsCommunicationEfficiency02Newwordscreatedthroughwordformationcanmoreconvenientlycommunicatecomplexideas,savingtimeandeffortincommunicationCulturalUnderstanding03Wordformationoftenreflectsculturalandhistoricalchanges,allowingdeepunderstandingofEnglishcultureandhistorythroughstudyingwordformationTheimportanceofEnglishwordformation02PrefixwordformationmethodPrefixesaretheprefixedthemesthatareaddedtothebeginningofwordstomodifyorextendtheirmeaningsTheyarethemostcommonandproductivemeansofwordformationinEnglishPrefixescanchangethepartofspeech,tense,voice,aspect,ordegreeofcomparisonofthebasewordTheycanalsocreatenewwordsthataresemanticallyrelatedtothebasewordDefinitionandFunctionofPrefixesUn-Re-Inorim-Dis-Commonprefixesandtheirmeanings01020304means"not"or"optionof"Example:unhappy,unfriendlymeans"again"or"backtotheoriginalstate"Example:return,redomeans"not"or"lakeof"Example:inactive,immediatemeans"lakeof"or"optionof"Example:disbelieve,unlike01Prefixescanchangethepartofspeech,tense,voice,aspect,ordegreeofcomparisonofthebasewordPrefixescancreatenewwordsthataresemanticallyrelatedtothebasewordSomeprefixeshavemultiplemeansandcanbeusedwithdifferentbasewordstocreatedifferentmeansPrefixesarecommonlyaddedtothebeginningofwords,buttheycanalsobeaddedtotheendofwordsinsomecases020304Thecharacteristicsandrulesofprefixwordformation03SuffixwordformationSummarywordsDefinitionandfunctionofsuffixesDetaileddescriptionAsuffixisacombinationoflettersattachedtotherootofaword,usedtochangethepartofspeech,tense,orvoiceofaword.TheyplayanimportantroleintheformationofEnglishvocabulary.ThedefinitionandfunctionofsuffixesSummarywordsCommonsuffixesandtheirmeaningsDetaileddescriptionListsomecommonEnglishsuffixesandtheirmeanings,suchas"-ness"fornouns,"-ed"forpasttense,"-ing"forpresentparticiples,etc.CommonsuffixesandtheirmeaningscharacteristicsandrulesofsuffixwordformationSummarywordsThecharacteristicsofsuffixwordformationincludechangesinpronunciation,partofspeech,andmeaning.Atthesametime,therearealsocertainrulesforwordformation,suchaspronunciationrulesforsuffixes,spellingrulesforsuffixesandwordroots,etc.DetaileddescriptionThecharacteristicsandrulesofsuffixwordformation04CompoundwordformationSummarywordsDefinitionandcomposition要點一要點二DetaileddescriptionCompoundwordsareformedbycombiningtwoormorewordstocreateanewwordwithaspecificmeaningTheyarebothwrittentogetherwithoutanyspacesbetweenthewordsThedefinitionandformationofcompoundwordsClassificationandcharacteristicsSummarywordsCompoundwordscanbeclassifiedbasedontheirstructureandmeaningSomecommontypesofcompoundwordsincludenotcompounds,verbcompounds,advisorycompounds,andadvisorycompoundsTheyhaveaspecificgraphicalfunctionandcanbeusedasasingleunitinsensesDetaileddescriptionClassificationandcharacteristicsofcompoundwordsSummaryApplicationsandExamplesDetaileddescriptionCompoundwordsarewidelyusedinEnglishlanguageTheyareformedaccordingtospecificpatternsandrulesSomecommonexamplesofcompoundwordsinclude"notebook","basketball","home","classroom","blackboard","playground",etc.ThesewordsareformedbycombiningtwoormorewordstocreateanewwordwithaspecificmeaningTheapplicationandexamplesofcompoundwordformation05TransformationalwordformationmethodTheDefinitionandFormationofConversionWordsDefinitionConversionwordsrefertowordsthataretransformedfromonepartofspeechtoanotherthroughmorphologicalchanges.FormationmethodPartofspeechconversionisachievedbyaddingaffixesorchangingthespellingofwords.Conversionwordscanbedividedintonoun,verb,adjective,andadverbconversions.ClassificationConversionwordshavegrammaticalchanges,buttheirsemanticsremainunchanged.FeatureClassificationandCharacteristicsofConversionWordsConversionwordsarewidelyusedinEnglishandareoneoftheimportantmeansofEnglishwordformation.Forexample,"book"(noun,book)isconvertedto"book"(verb,reservedorregistered).ApplicationandExamplesofTransformationalWordFormationExampleApplication06SummaryandPracticeWordgeneration:TheprocessofcreatingnewwordsbyaddingprefixesorsuffixestoexistingwordsExample:"unhappy","happiness"CombiningtwoormorewordstocreateanewwordExample:"Notebook","Greenhouse"Clipping:Shorteningawordbyremovingpartofit.Example:"lab"from"labor