壓縮機基礎(chǔ)術(shù)語

天然氣壓縮機基礎(chǔ)術(shù)語2壓縮機基礎(chǔ)術(shù)語(Jargon)壓縮 =壓迫或壓縮進入一個較小空間的動作。壓縮機基礎(chǔ)術(shù)語R/Rc = 壓縮比Ps/P1

=

吸氣壓力Pd/P2

=

排氣壓力Ts/T1

=

吸氣溫度Td/T2

=

排氣溫度Ta = 環(huán)境溫度Hp = 馬力（功率單位）HE = 缸頭端CE = 曲柄端VE = 容積效率K = 特定天然氣的比熱比3Terminology術(shù)語RatioofCompression(RC)壓縮比RC=排氣壓力(Pd)psig+14.7=???psia

吸氣壓力(Ps)psig+14.7=???psia注:當(dāng)計算壓縮比時，必須要考慮海拔和大氣壓力。4Terminology術(shù)語SA單作用 =SingleActing-Theactof compressingononeendofthe compressorcylinder.DA雙作用 =DoubleActing-Theactof compressingonbothendsofthe compressorcylinder.5Terminology術(shù)語ClearanceVolume=Thevolumeremaininginthe 余隙容積 compressorcylinderattheendof thedischargestroke.Normally expressedasa%ofpiston displacement.Displacement =AreaofpistonXlengthofstroke排量 X#ofstrokesperminute.For DAcompressors,thedisplacement ontheCEislessthantheHEdueto therodarea.Normallyexpressed incubicfeetperminuteorCFM.6Terminology術(shù)語Capacity= (orflowrate)Volumeofgascompressedanddeliveredatspecifiedconditionsoftemperature&pressuremeasuredatthecompressorinlet.Usuallyexpressedasvolume/unitoftime-cubicfeetperminuteorcubicfeetperday.Approach = 30°Fapproachmeansthecooler（設(shè)計）溫差 willcoolthegasto130°when ambienttemperatureis100°F7Terminology術(shù)語SweptVolume工作容積=Thevolumesweptbythepistonduringtheforwardand/orbackwardstroke.=Compressorspeedisnotafactor.=Normallyexpressedincubicinchesandcalculatedasfollows:SweptVolumeHE=AreaofPistonXStrokeinInchesSweptVolumeCE=(AreaofPiston-AreaofRod)XStrokeinInchesTotalSweptVolume=(2XAreaofPiston-AreaofRod)XStrokeInInches8TerminologyTotalSweptVolumeExample(DA):6”Diameterx11”Stroke2.5”PistonRodDiameterTotalSweptVolume =(2X28.274-4.909)X11 =(56.548-4.909)X11 =51.639X11 =568.029cu.In.9TerminologyUnitsofMeasure:PSI =poundspersquareinchPSIG =poundspersquareinchgaugePSIA =poundspersquareinchabsolute =gauge+atmosphericpressureMMCFD =millioncubicfeetperdayMMSCFD =millioncubicfeetperday@the standardconditionsof14.65psia&60°F10TerminologyIn-Hg =inchesofmercurypressure =canbeamanometerormercuryfilled gauge,usedwherepressuresarelow &extremeaccuracyisdesired =1”Hg=.491PSIIn-H2O =inchesofwaterpressure =usuallyamanometerfilledwithwater =usedformeasuringverylowpressure =1/13.6asheavyasmercury 13.6”ofH2O=1”ofHg=.491PSI11TerminologyTemperatureScales:Temperature= Ameasureofmolecularenergy…thehigherthetemperaturethemoremolecularenergy.DegreesFahrenheit(°F)= Temperaturescalewhere,atsealevel,thefreezing pointofwateris32°&theboilingpointis212°.Thedistancebetweenthesetwopointsis180°.12TerminologyTemperatureScales: DegreesCentigradeorCelsius(°C)= Ascaleusedworldwidewhichrelatestothe metricsystem.Atsealevel,thefreezingpointof purewateris0°&theboilingpointis100°.The distancebetweenthesetwopointsis100°.Temperaturerange:Centigrade = 100°= 5Fahrenheit = 180°= 913TerminologyTemperatureScales:Convertingfrom°Fto°Cexpressedasfollows:

°C=5/9X(°F-32)

Example: Convert100°Fto°C °C =5/9X(100-32) =5/9X68 =37.8°C14TerminologyTemperatureScales: DegreesRankin(°R)=Absolutetemperature- EnglishUnits Usedmostlyinscientificworkwhichrelatesthe Fahrenheitscaletoabsolutetemperature. Calculationsarebasedonzeromolecularenergy.

ZeroMolecularEnergy=-460°ForabsolutezeroConvertingfrom°Fto°Risexpressedasfollows:°R=°F+460Example:100°F+460=560°R15TerminologyTemperatureScales:DegreesRankin(cont.)Oneusefor°R:FindingDischargeTemperature(T2)

(K-1/K)

T1=60°F+460=520°R

T2=T1XRc

Ps=500PSIG

(1.26-1/1.26)

Pd=1500PSIG T2=520X2.94 K=1.26

.2 T2=520X2.94 T2=520X1.24 T2=644.8°Ror184.8°F16TerminologyFindingRatioofCompression(RC) Example1:Ps=200psig,Pd=600psig

Rc= 600psig+14.7=614.7psia=2.863 200psig+14.7=214.7psia

Example2:Ps=20psig,Pd=600psig

Rc= 600psig+14.7=614.7psia=17.7 20psig+14.7=34.7psiaNote:Ifwehadnotconvertedtopsiatheratiowouldhavebeen30:1.17TerminologyFindingApproximateHPRequirement:TofindtheHPrequiredforasinglestageunit(example1):ApproximatingHPFormulausingExample#1HP=21xRcxSxQWhere:

HP =HorsePower 21 =Standard(Constant) Rc =RatioOfCompression S =#ofStages Q =QuantityinMMCFDHP=21x2.86x1x2=120.12or12118TerminologyFindingApproximateHPRequirement:TofindtheHPrequiredforatwostageunit(example2):Takethesquarerootoftheratiofoundearlier:Rc=17.71=4.20HP=21xRcxSxQHP=21X4.2X2X1HP=176.41920SeparableEngineVConfigurationInlineConfigurationHorizontalOpposedConfiguration21SeparableCompressorFrameTerminology22CompressorEngineCoupledSeparables23LeftBankRightBankINTEGRALENGINE-COMPRESSORFlywheel2L1L3L4L5L1R2R3R4R5R2425

2.5”ERLCompressionPd=814.7PSIAPs=214.7PSIAAreaofpistoninsquareinchestimesdischargepressure,minusareaofpiston,minusareaofrodtimessuctionpressure.6”=28.274x814.7-(28.274-4.909)x214.7=23,035-(23.365x214.7)=23.035-5016=18,019#26

2.5”ERLTensionPd=81