高考狀語(yǔ)從句講解

狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：when,whenever,as,while,before,after,until,till,since,eversince,once,assoonas,everytime,themoment,instantly,directly地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：where,wherever原因狀語(yǔ)從句：as,because,since,seeing(that),considering(that),nowthat,notthat…butthat目的狀語(yǔ)從句：that,sothat,inorderthat,lest,forfearthat,incase結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：that,so…that,such…that條件狀語(yǔ)從句：if,unless,suppose,supposing,so/aslongas,sofaras,oncondition(that),provided(that)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：though,although,nomatter,evenif,eventhough,however,whatever比較狀語(yǔ)從句：than,as方式狀語(yǔ)從句as,asif,asthough時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when,while,as和wheneverwhen表時(shí)間點(diǎn)，時(shí)間段while表時(shí)間段；有“而”的意思as“當(dāng)……”,“一邊……一邊”，“隨著……”whenever每當(dāng)，無(wú)論什么時(shí)候Itiscoldwhenitsnows.Whilethereislife,thereishope.Whilewewerespeaking,hewasreadingnewspaper.JustasMrsRichardswasenteringthedinning-room,therewasaknockonthefrontdoor.Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughness,andpassionforreason.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，我們用力量換來(lái)了機(jī)敏，以速度換來(lái)了嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，以熱情換來(lái)了理智。注：1)when還可作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：sb.wasdoingsth.when...某人正在干某事就在這時(shí)……sb.wasaboutto/goingtodosth.when...某人正打算干某事就在這時(shí)……sb.bodyhasjustdonesth.when...某人剛干了某事就在這時(shí)……2)如果主句表示的是短暫動(dòng)作，而從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，when，while與as可互換使用。如：When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet，Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.before/afterItwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.五年之后我們才能見面。Afteryouthinkitover,pleaseletmeknowwhatyoudecide.Afterherhusbandhadgonetowork,shesentherchildrentoschool.until,till,not...until肯定句：主句的謂語(yǔ)是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主從句均為肯定式，意為“某動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”PleasewaituntilIcomeback.等我回來(lái)。否定句：主句的謂語(yǔ)是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)作，從句為肯定式，意為“某動(dòng)作一直到時(shí)間點(diǎn)才開始”Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.Till不可以用在句首，而until可以UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4）not…until句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝用法ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaifit.since從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用于一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactorysincesheleftschool.IhavewrittentoAlicefourtimessinceIcamehere.Itis+一段時(shí)間+since從句的句型中，時(shí)間計(jì)算一律從since從句動(dòng)作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)以來(lái)，有三年了。Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinourclass.她離開我們班有三年了。assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment/minute/instant/secondnosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…,“一……就”once(一旦)ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknowfatherwascoming.DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIholdmadeamistake.Theinstanthesawme,heranaway.Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.hardly/nosooner主句用過去完成時(shí)，when/than引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時(shí)，固定結(jié)構(gòu)Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.bythetime到……時(shí)候；到……之前(從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句用過去完成時(shí))each/everytime和thenexttimeBythetimeIgotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.Eachtimeshecame,Janebroughtmeanicebook.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句where或wherever/anywhere/everywhereStaywhereyouare.Thephotoofminewastakenwherestoodthefamoushightower.Whereveryougo,youcanseenewfactoriesandstories.Everywhereyougo,youwillfindthesamething.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Plantswillgrowalmostanywherethereisplentyofair,waterandsunlight.判斷：You’dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhavequestions.You’dbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhavequestions.原因狀語(yǔ)從句because/as由于/for/since既然/nowthat/seeingthat/consideringthat…because強(qiáng)調(diào)原因，是句子較重要的部分，在很多情況下，不能用since，for等替代。Henrydidn’tgototheofficebecauseitwasraining.sothat,inorderthat,totheendthatIsteppedasidesothathewouldgoin.lest,incase“免得，以免”;forfearthat,生怕Shetooktheumbrellalestit(should)rain.Thereissomemoneyincaseyouneedit.Marydidn’twantgetoutofbedforfearthatshemightwakeherbabyup.比較狀語(yǔ)從句as…as,notas/so…as,thesame…as,such…as和……一樣more…than…,less…than…,the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí),Thissuggestionisasgoodasthatone.TomisasgoodastudentasJack=TomissuchagoodstudentasJack.Thesooner,thebetter.Morehaste,lessspeed.在比較級(jí)中要，注意比較的對(duì)象要一致TheweatherinShanghaiishotterthanthatinBeijing.Thestudentsinmyclassaremorethanthoseinyours.表達(dá)倍數(shù)，可用三種形式Thisbuildingisoncetallerthanthatone.Thisbuildingistwiceastallasthatone.Thisbuildingistwicetheheightofthatone.狀語(yǔ)從句中的緊縮現(xiàn)象1時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中常見的緊縮形式：Don’tspeakuntilspokento 有人對(duì)你說(shuō)話時(shí)你才說(shuō)。Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten. 一旦被看見，它便不會(huì)被忘記。WhileinBeijing,IpaidavisittotheSummerPlace. 在北京時(shí)，我參觀了頤和園。Pressurecanbereducedwhenneeded. 必要時(shí)壓力非唯心減。Iprefermymilkalittlesweetwheneverpossible. 可能的話，我喜歡牛奶甜點(diǎn)。Hewasaswimmerwhenachild. 他小時(shí)侯就是一名游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。Shealwayssingswhiledoingherwork. 她干活時(shí)總唱歌。2條件狀語(yǔ)從句中常見的緊縮形式： Cometomorrowifpossible. 可能的話就明天來(lái)吧 Ifso,youmustgetbackandgetit.如果這樣的話，你必需把它拿來(lái)。 I’llbuyaTVsetifnecessary. 如有必要我們就買一臺(tái)電視機(jī)。 Hehasnomoney,ifany,hewillgiveus.他沒有錢，如果有他會(huì)給我們的。 Ifinneed,don’thesitatetoaskmeformoney. 如要錢，不必猶豫，向我要就是了。 Thegirlnevergiveinunlesswrong. 這女孩不會(huì)屈服的，除非她錯(cuò)了。 Unlessrepaired,themachineisofnouse. 這臺(tái)機(jī)器如不修便毫無(wú)用處。3方式狀語(yǔ)從句中常見的緊縮形式： Someflowersshutupatnightasif(theydidthisinorder)tosleep. 有些花夜間收攏，好象為了睡眠一樣。 Thewomanteacherhurriedlylefttheclassroomasthough(shewas)angry. 這位女教師匆匆茫茫離開教室，好象生氣了。 Janeseemedasif(shewas)goodateverything. 瓊好象擅長(zhǎng)一切。4其它狀語(yǔ)從句的緊縮形式： Thoughcold,hestillworeashirt. 天氣雖然冷，但他還穿一件襯衣。 Theman,while(heis)wellovereighty.CanwalkfasterthanI. 這人雖然年過八十，卻比我走得快。 Beingblind(=Ashewasblind),hecouldn’tseeanything. 他瞎了，什么東西也看不見。 Fillintheblankwitharticleswherenecessary. 在需要的地方填上冠詞。真題演練1(2012全國(guó)卷I)25.Idon'tbelievewe'vemetbefore,_______Imustsayyoudolookfamiliar.A.thereforeB.althoughC.sinceD.unless2(2012全國(guó)卷I)29.Thisrestaurantwasn't_______thatotherrestaurantwewentto.A.halfasgoodasB.ashalfgoodasC.asgoodashalfD.goodashalfas3(2012全國(guó)卷II)11.Ihadhardlygottotheoffice___mywifephonemetogobackhomeatonce.A.when B.than C.until D.after4(2012北京卷)21.—Lookatthoseclouds!—Don’tworry.______itrains,we’llstillhaveagreattime.A.Evenif B.AsthoughC.Incase D.Ifonly5(2012上海卷)32.Ihaveatightbudgetforthetrip,soI'mnotgoingtoflytheairlineslowerticketprices.A.onceB.ifC.afterD.unless6(2012上海卷)40.Themapisoneofthebesttoolsamanhashegoestoanewplace.A.wheneverB.whateverC.whereverD.however7(2012天津卷)14.Everythingwasplacedexactly___________hewanteditforthegraduationceremony. A.whileB.whenC.whereD.though8(2012江蘇卷)30.One’slifehasvalue________onebringsvaluetothelifeofothers.A.sothat B.nomatterhow C.aslongas D.exceptthat9(2012湖南卷)28.________IalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam,IneverthoughtIwouldgetanA.A.While B.Once C.If D.Until10(2012湖南卷)32.________hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.A.However B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Whenever11(2012福建卷)30.ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficulties____itgetsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.A.if B.unless C.because D.since12(2012陜西卷)18.Hot_______thenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.A.although B.as C.while D.however13(2012陜西卷)25.Allthephotographsinthisbook,_______statedotherwise,datefromthe1950s.A.unless B.until C.once D.if14(2012山東卷)27.Hesmiledpolitely______Maryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.A.as B.if C.unless D.though15(2012山東卷)32.Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen_______therewasnothingayearagobutruins.A.when B.where C.before D.until16(2012重慶卷)30.—Coach,canIcontinuewiththetraining?—Sorry,youcan’t________youhaven’trecoveredfromthekneeinjure.A.until B.before C.because D.unless17(2012四川卷)4.Atschool,somestudentsareactive________someareshy,yettheycanbegoodfriendswithoneanother.A.whileB.although C.so D.as18(2012四川卷)10.Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild,you’dbetterstay________youareandwaitforhelp.A.why B.whereC.who D.what19(2012江西卷)31.Youcanborrowmycaryoupromisenottodrivetoofast.A．unlessB．evenif C．incaseD．a(chǎn)slongas20(2012浙江卷)18.Mikewasusuallysocareful,______thistimehemadeasmallmistake.A.yet B.still C.even D.thus21(2012遼寧卷)30.Leaveyourkeywithyourneighboryoulockyourselfoutoneday.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.incaseD.asif2011年真題1.（2011全國(guó)卷II）19.Itwasanicemeal,_______alittleexpensive.A.thoughB.whetherC.asD.since2.（2011北京卷）29.__________volleyballishermainfocus,she’salsogreatatbasketball.A.Since B.Once C.Unless D.While3.(2011上海卷)36.Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon’tbothertoseeit,orI’llwaititcomesoutonDVD. A.whether B.after C.though D.until4.(2011上海卷)37.Thepoliceofficersinourcityworkhard_____therestofuscanliveasafelife. A.incase B.asif C.inorderthat D.onlyif5.（2011江西卷）29.Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,oritisconvenienttoyou.A.whenever B.however C.whichever D.wherever6.（2011浙江卷）4.OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendawaymydaughterheardcriesforhelp.A.after B.while C.since D.when7.（2011福建卷）33.ItwasApril29,2001PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.before8.（2011四川卷）4.FrankinsistedthathewasnotasleepIhadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup. A.whetherB.althoughC.forD.so9.（2011四川卷）6.Asitreported,itis100years_____________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded. A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.since10.（2011遼寧卷）25.Nomatterhow________,itisnotnecessarilylifeless.A.adesertmaybedryB.dryadesertmaybeC.mayadesertbedryD.drymayadesertbe11.（2011遼寧卷）29.Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech_____thestudentsstarted