【英語】四川省瀘州市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量診斷性試題(解析版)

成就未來，新教育伴你成長聯(lián)系電話：400-186-9786四川省瀘州市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量診斷英語試題第Ⅰ卷(選擇題,共100分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWhenyouhaveachancetotravelinMacao,thereare4thingsthatyoucan’tmiss.MacaoTowerAJHackettTheMacaoTower,338meterstall,istheworld’s10thhighesttower,withlotsofactivities,suchasviewing,eatingandentertainment.Thebestpartoftheactivitiesisthebungeejump.Raiseyourarmsandoffyougo!Ifyouarenotdaringenoughtojump,youcantrytheskywalkonthe57thfloor—it’sstillimpressive.Takethischanceandhaveatry!AtraditionalPortuguesedinnerMacaowasinthecontrolofPortugalbefore1999.Asaresult,PortugueseculturecanbeeasilyseeninmanycornersofMacao.ManyPortugueselivedhereandopenedPortugueserestaurantsinthespecialarea,buttheflavorismoreadaptabletoChinesepeople.VisitingamuseumMacao,asasmallcitywithonlyanareaof30.5squarekilometers,has23eye-catchingmuseums.Duetoitsuniquehistory,bothEasternandWesternhistoricalsitescanbefound.Manyofthemareprotectedforculturalheritage,touristspotsormuseums,suchastheGrandPrixMuseum,MaritimeMuseumandWineMuseum.Goingintoacasino(娛樂場)Wellknownasthe“LasVegasoftheOrient”,Macaohas33casinos.YoucanfinddifferentthemedcasinosaroundeverycornerofMacao,especiallyonTaipaIsland,wherenewcasinosarecontinuouslyopening.Amongall,TheVenetianisthemostpopular.WithahugeshoppingmallandgorgeousVegas-styledesign,itisamust-gospotforbothtouristsandlocals,notonlyforgamblingbutalsotoshopandenjoyleisuretime.1.WhatcanyoudoattheMacaoTower?A.Jumponthe57thfloor. B.Trythebungeejump.C.Enjoytheworld’shighesttower. D.Takeexerciseontheskywalk.2.WhatcanhelpyouknowmostaboutMacao’spast?A.Takinglocalsasguides. B.Tastingatraditionaldinner.C.Visitinghistoricalmuseums. D.Shoppingaroundeverycomer.3.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribecasinosinMacao?A.Low-reward. B.High-risk.C.Heavily-guarded. D.Well-developed.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了當(dāng)你有機會在澳門旅游時，有四件事是你不能錯過的?！敬鸢浮?.B2.C3.D1．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MacaoTowerAJHackett中“Thebestpartoftheactivitiesisthebungeejump.”（活動中最精彩的部分是蹦極。）可知，你可以在澳門塔嘗試蹦極活動。故選B項。2．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Visitingamuseum中“Duetoitsuniquehistory,bothEasternandWesternhistoricalsitescanbefound.Manyofthemareprotectedforculturalheritage,touristspotsormuseums,suchastheGrandPrixMuseum,MaritimeMuseumandWineMuseum.”（由于其獨特的歷史，東方和西方的歷史遺跡都可以找到。其中許多被保護(hù)為文化遺產(chǎn)、旅游景點或博物館，如大獎賽博物館、海事博物館和葡萄酒博物館。）可推知，參觀歷史博物館最能幫助你了解澳門的過去。故選C項。3．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Goingintoacasino(娛樂場)中“Wellknownasthe“LasVegasoftheOrient”,Macaohas33casinos.YoucanfinddifferentthemedcasinosaroundeverycornerofMacao,especiallyonTaipaIsland,wherenewcasinosarecontinuouslyopening.Amongall,TheVenetianisthemostpopular.WithahugeshoppingmallandgorgeousVegas-styledesign,itisamust-gospotforbothtouristsandlocals,notonlyforgamblingbutalsotoshopandenjoyleisuretime.”（澳門有“東方拉斯維加斯”之稱，共有33家賭場。你可以在澳門的每個角落找到不同主題的賭場，尤其是在凼仔島，那里的新賭場不斷開業(yè)。其中，Venetian是最受歡迎的。它擁有巨大的購物中心和華麗的拉斯維加斯風(fēng)格設(shè)計，是游客和當(dāng)?shù)厝说谋厝ブ?，不僅是賭博，也是購物和享受休閑時光。）可推知，澳門的賭場是相當(dāng)成熟和發(fā)達(dá)的。故選D項。BWhenIgothomeafterdroppingoutofcollegeinmyjunioryearbecauseofdepression,Ididn’twanttogetoutofbedeveryday.Butmyparentswantedmeto,soIjustremovedmyselffromthelivingroomtothecouch.SometimesIwouldturnontheTVandwatchmarathons,butmostlyIjustsatthere,lostinthought.OnedaywhenIwaslyingonthecouch,notknowingwhattodo,IthoughtsinceIhadbeenoutofschoolforalongtime,Ihadbetterdosomethingproductiveinmylife.IlookedatwhatIcoulddo.Icouldattendonlinecollegeclasses,gotoin-personeventsjusttogetoutofthehouse,ortakeupahobby.Butnoneofthesethingsmademehappy,andmydepressionseemedtofollowmeinseparably.However,therewassomethingthatwasmything.NomatterwhatkindofdayI’mhavingnow,themerementionofstart-upsstillcheersmeup.IhavebeendoingbusinessinsomekindsofformseversinceIwasakid,anddespiteeverything,thisenthusiasmhasalwaysbeeninmyheart.SoIstartedthinkingofideas,seeingwhichonecouldbecomepractical.Ispentmydaysbeinggluedtoawidepurplenotebookandapeninhand,sometimesmovingfromthecouchtothetableonourbackporch(門廊)inthemornings.IfIgotupearlyenough,I’dwatchthesuncomeup.Itwasthere,inthestillmornings,thatIlearnedaboutlifeandstartedtolookbackonmine.Withtimegoingon,thedepressionstartedtolift.Iwasmakingmoreprogressinmyrecovery,andthegooddaysweremorefrequentthanthebad.Istartedacoupleofdifferentbusinesses,eventuallysettlingonawebdesignbusiness,anddidalotofexperiments,whichchangedmyideas.Afteraperiodoftime,thingsstartedtowork.4.Whatseemedtotroubletheauthorallthetime?A.Variousdailyroutines. B.Parents’complaints.C.AttractiveTVprograms. D.Certainmentalproblems.5.Whatdidtheauthorbegintothinkofdoingoneday?A.Findingawayout. B.Goingbacktoschool.C.Escapingfromhome. D.Hostingout-dooractivities.6.Whatexactlyliftedtheauthor’sspirits?A.Takingnotesattentively. B.Appreciatingearlymornings.C.Recallingthecheerfulchildhood. D.Followingthepassioninbusiness.7.Whatdoyouthinkoftheauthor?A.Lonelybuttalented. B.Passivebutproductive.C.Stressedbutoptimistic. D.Uncreativebutchangeable.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從被抑郁癥困擾，到通過考慮創(chuàng)業(yè)、啟動創(chuàng)業(yè)來逐漸康復(fù)的故事?！敬鸢浮?.D5.A6.D7.C4．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenIgothomeafterdroppingoutofcollegeinmyjunioryearbecauseofdepression,Ididn’twanttogetoutofbedeveryday.(當(dāng)我在大學(xué)三年級因為抑郁癥而輟學(xué)回到家時，我不想每天起床)”和第二段中“Butnoneofthesethingsmademehappy,andmydepressionseemedtofollowmeinseparably.(但這些都不能使我快樂，我的抑郁癥似乎與我形影不離)”可知，作者因為抑郁癥而輟學(xué)回家，總是無法擺脫其陰影，因此一直困擾他的是某些心理問題。故選D項。5．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“OnedaywhenIwaslyingonthecouch,notknowingwhattodo,IthoughtsinceIhadbeenoutofschoolforalongtime,Ihadbetterdosomethingproductiveinmylife.IlookedatwhatIcoulddo.(有一天，我躺在沙發(fā)上，不知道該做什么，我想既然我已經(jīng)離開學(xué)校很長一段時間了，我最好在我的生活中做一些有成效的事情。我看了看我能做什么)”可知，有一天作者開始想事，尋找出路。故選A項。6．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“NomatterwhatkindofdayI’mhavingnow,themerementionofstart-upsstillcheersmeup.(不管我現(xiàn)在過著怎樣的一天，只要一提到創(chuàng)業(yè)公司，我就會振作起來)”和“thisenthusiasmhasalwaysbeeninmyheart(這種熱情一直在我心中)”可知，真正讓作者振奮精神的是追隨對商業(yè)的熱情。故選D項。7．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一、二段的敘述可知，作者被抑郁癥困擾著，無力也無心做任何事情，因此是充滿壓力的。根據(jù)第三、四段的敘述可知，作者想起了自己對于創(chuàng)業(yè)的熱情，開始思考各種想法，想把想法轉(zhuǎn)化為實際，由此可知，他在努力尋求出路，因此是樂觀的。故選C項。CThepopulardocumentaryseriesAerialChina(航拍中國)recentlyreturnedtothesmallscreen.Thelatestandfourthseasonofitgivesaperspectivethatisbothexcellentandinformative.Asthefinaloftheseries,thenewseasonwasshotacross11provincial-levelregionsandstartedinthespringof2020.“Theexperiencefromthepreviousthreeseasonsmakesusmorecapabletofollowwildanimalswhileavoidingdisturbingthem,”saysYu,chiefdirectoroftheseries.Chinahasmadegreateffortstoprotectendangeredwildlifespeciesandtheirhabitatsinrecentyears,andithasbecomemucheasiertospotrarespeciesinthewild.TakingTibetanantelopesasanexample,theplateau-basedcreaturesweredifficulttoencounterinthepast,buttheexpansionoftheirpopulationandenhancedresearchontheirlivingpatternshaveallowedthecameracrewtotailorplanstofollowtheanimals.Mostclose-upsfortheseasonwereshotbyphotographersfromhelicoptersorcamerasinstalledondrones(無人機).Thevitalmomentforasuccessfulshotdependsonthemoodoftheanimalsorhowgoodtheweatheris,”Yusays.InanattempttofullyshowChina’shugechangesoverthepastdecade,thedocumentaryseriesconsultedexpertsfromdifferentfieldstohelpselectthemostattractiveshootingsites.Inthefinalseason,AerialChinahasused73helicoptersand320dronestoshootfootageoveranareaof900,000kilometers,andselectedaround1,000staffers.Morethan30teamswereassignedtoshootindifferentcitiesforthefourthseason.Thepreviousthreeseasonshavebeenwatchedby850millionTVviewersandseenonlineover140milliontimes.Forfansoftheseries,thedirectorsayshehopesthatthenewseasonwilldrawabiggeraudiencewithitsunusualperspectivetoshowthemChinalikeneverseenbefore.8.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“perspective”inthefirstparagraph?A.Reference. B.Viewpoint. C.Mention. D.Standard.9.WhyareTibetanantelopesmentioned?A.Toindicateasuccessfulencounter. B.Tointroducenewlivingpatterns.C.Toshowabiologicalimprovement, D.Tosaveendangeredwildlifespecies.10.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Theteammembers’roles. B.Thesplendidshootingsites.C.Thehi-techdevicesforshooting. D.Theeffortsspentintheseason.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphwanttotellus?A.Thisisthelastbutoneseason. B.Thisseasoniswellworthviewing.C.TheseriesispopularwithTVreviewers. D.TheseriesisintendedforChinesefans.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹的是《航拍中國》第四季的拍攝過程以及與前三季的不同之處?！敬鸢浮?.B9.C10.D11.B8．【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前的“Thelatestandfourthseasonofitgivesa…(它的最新的第四季提供了一個……)”后的“thatisbothexcellentandinformative.Asthefinaloftheseries,thenewseasonwasshotacross11provincial-levelregionsandstartedinthespringof2020.(優(yōu)秀又信息豐富的。作為該系列的最后一季，新一季在11個省級地區(qū)拍攝，并于2020年春季開播。)”，可知，第四季《航拍中國》提供了一個既優(yōu)秀信息量有豐富的……，結(jié)合第三段中的“Mostclose-upsfortheseasonwereshotbyphotographersfromhelicoptersorcamerasinstalledondrones(無人機).(這一季的大部分特寫鏡頭都是由直升機上的攝影師或安裝在無人機上的攝像機拍攝的。)”和“InanattempttofullyshowChina’shugechangesoverthepastdecade,thedocumentaryseriesconsultedexpertsfromdifferentfieldstohelpselectthemostattractiveshootingsites.(為了充分展示中國在過去十年中的巨大變化，該紀(jì)錄片系列咨詢了來自不同領(lǐng)域的專家，以幫助選擇最具吸引力的拍攝地點。)”可知，該季的大部分特寫鏡頭都是用直升機上的攝影師或無人機拍攝的，并且還咨詢了很多不同領(lǐng)域的專家?guī)椭x擇最具吸引力的拍攝點，由此可推測，該賽季拍攝的拍攝角度不同，信息量更大，所以劃線單詞的意思與“視角”意義相近。故選B項。9．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Chinahasmadegreateffortstoprotectendangeredwildlifespeciesandtheirhabitatsinrecentyears,andithasbecomemucheasiertospotrarespeciesinthewild.(近年來，中國在保護(hù)瀕危野生動物及其棲息地方面做出了巨大努力，在野外發(fā)現(xiàn)稀有物種變得更加容易了。)”可知，此處提到了中國在保護(hù)野生動物及其棲息地方面做出很大的努力，進(jìn)而下文以藏羚羊為例來說明做出這些努力的效果，結(jié)合“TakingTibetanantelopesasanexample,theplateau-basedcreaturesweredifficulttoencounterinthepast,buttheexpansionoftheirpopulationandenhancedresearchontheirlivingpatternshaveallowedthecameracrewtotailorplanstofollowtheanimals.(以藏羚羊為例，過去在高原上很難遇到這種生物，但隨著它們數(shù)量的增加和對它們生活模式的研究的加強，攝制組可以量身定制跟蹤這些動物的計劃。)”可知，藏羚羊的數(shù)量增加，有利于拍攝這些野生動物，所以本文提到藏羚羊的目的是表明生物得到了改善。故選C項。10．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthefinalseason,AerialChinahasused73helicoptersand320dronestoshootfootageoveranareaof900,000kilometers,andselectedaround1,000staffers.Morethan30teamswereassignedtoshootindifferentcitiesforthefourthseason.(在最后一季中，《空中中國》動用了73架直升機和320架無人機，拍攝了90萬公里的區(qū)域，并挑選了大約1000名工作人員。超過30個團(tuán)隊被派往不同的城市拍攝第四季。)”可知，該季拍攝動用了很多直升機和無人機，拍攝區(qū)域之廣，工作人員以及拍攝的城市之多以及上文中介紹的該季拍攝的特寫鏡頭都是在直升飛機上的攝影師或在無人機上的攝像頭拍攝，還咨詢了很多專家選擇最佳的拍攝場地，由此可知，第三段講述的是該季紀(jì)錄片拍攝所付出的努力。故選D項。11．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Forfansoftheseries,thedirectorsayshehopesthatthenewseasonwilldrawabiggeraudiencewithitsunusualperspectivetoshowthemChinalikeneverseenbefore.(對于該紀(jì)錄片的粉絲，導(dǎo)演表示，他希望新一季能以不同尋常的視角吸引更多的觀眾，向他們展示從未見過的中國。)”可知，導(dǎo)演希望新一季能以不同尋常的角度吸引更多的觀眾，展示從未見過的中國，由此可知，本段想告訴我們這一季更值得觀看。故選B項。DPlantsdonotsufferinsilencewhenthirstyorstressed,accordingtoanewstudypublishedtodayinCell.Plantsthatneedwaterorhaverecentlyhadtheirbranchescutproduceuptoroughly35soundsperhour,theauthorsfound.Butwell-wateredanduncutplantsaremuchquieter,makingonlyaboutonesoundperhour.Thereasonwhyyouhaveprobablyneverheardathirstyplantmakenoisesisthatthesoundsaresohigh-pitchedthatveryfewhumanscouldhearthem.Someanimals,however,probablycan.Bats,miceandmothscouldpossiblyliveinaworldfilledwiththesoundsofplants,andpreviousworkbythesameteamhasfoundthatplantsrespondtosoundsmadebyanimals,too.Tooverhearplants,LilachHadanyatTel-AvivUniversityinIsraelandhercolleaguesplacedtobaccoandtomatoplantsinsmallboxesprovidedwithmicrophones.Themicrophonespickedupanynoisesmadebytheplants,eveniftheresearcherscouldn’thearthem.Thenoiseswereparticularlyobviousforplantsthatwerestressedbyalackofwaterorrecentcutting.Plantsdonothavevocalcords(聲帶)orlungs.Hadanysaysthecurrenttheoryforhowplantsmakenoisescentersontheirxylem(木質(zhì)部)thattransportwaterandnutrientsfromtheirrootstotheirbranchesandleaves.Waterinthexylemisheldtogetherbysurfacetension,justlikewatermovingthroughadrinkingstraw.Ifanairbubble(氣泡)formsorbreaksinthexylem,itmightmakealittlepoppingnoise;bubbleformationismorelikelyduringdryseasons.Buttheexactsystemrequiresfurtherstudy,Hadanysays.Theteamproducedamachine-learningmodeltocheckwhetheraplanthadbeencutorwaswater-stressedfromthesoundsitmade,withabout70%accuracy.Thisresultsuggestsapossiblerolefortheaudiomonitoringofplantsinfarmingandgardening.Totestthepracticalityofthisapproach,theteamtriedrecordingplantsinagreenhouse.Pilotstudiesbytheauthorssuggestthattomatoandtobaccoplantsarenotexception.Wheat,cornandwinegrapesalsomakenoiseswhentheyarethirsty.12.Whatisthenewresearchmainlyabout?A.Plantscanreacttoanimals. B.Plantscanproducesounds.C.Well-wateredplantskeepsilent. D.Branchlessplantsneedwatering.13.WhatcanhappentoplantsshortofwateraccordingtoHadany?A.Theycancreatemorebubbles. B.Theycanfeellessstressed.C.Theyrequirelessnutrientsupply. D.Theyneedlungstobreathemore.14.Whatmightthemodelbeappliedto?A.Fruitgrowing. B.Cropselection.C.Watersourceprotection. D.Noisepollutiontest.15.Whatmightbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowPlantsAreThirsty B.WhenNatureExpressesItselfC.HowPlantsCryforTheirNeeds D.WhenCreaturesHearEachOther【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)植物在口渴或壓力時會發(fā)出聲音，人們聽不見的原因是這種聲音非常高，很少有人能聽到。文章解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及應(yīng)用前景?！敬鸢浮?2.B13.A14.A15.C12．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Plantsdonotsufferinsilencewhenthirstyorstressed,accordingtoanewstudypublishedtodayinCell.(根據(jù)今天發(fā)表在《細(xì)胞》雜志上的一項新研究，植物在口渴或壓力時不會沉默)”以及第二段“Plantsthatneedwaterorhaverecentlyhadtheirbranchescutproduceuptoroughly35soundsperhour,theauthorsfound.Butwell-wateredanduncutplantsaremuchquieter,makingonlyaboutonesoundperhour.(作者發(fā)現(xiàn)，需要水或最近被切斷樹枝的植物每小時發(fā)出大約35個聲音。但澆水充足和未修剪的植物則要安靜得多，每小時只發(fā)出一種聲音)”可知，這項新研究的主要內(nèi)容是植物可以發(fā)出聲音。故選B。13．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Waterinthexylemisheldtogetherbysurfacetension,justlikewatermovingthroughadrinkingstraw.Ifanairbubble(氣泡)formsorbreaksinthexylem,itmightmakealittlepoppingnoise;bubbleformationismorelikelyduringdryseasons.(木質(zhì)部中的水通過表面張力聚集在一起，就像水通過吸管一樣。如果一個氣泡在木質(zhì)部形成或破裂，它可能會發(fā)出一點爆裂聲;在干旱季節(jié)更容易形成氣泡)”可知，缺水的植物可以產(chǎn)生更多的氣泡。故選A。14．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thisresultsuggestsapossiblerolefortheaudiomonitoringofplantsinfarmingandgardening.(這一結(jié)果表明，音頻監(jiān)測植物在農(nóng)業(yè)和園藝中的可能作用)”以及最后一段“Wheat,cornandwinegrapesalsomakenoiseswhentheyarethirsty.(小麥、玉米和釀酒葡萄在口渴時也會發(fā)出聲音)”可推知，該模型可以應(yīng)用于果樹栽培。故選A。15．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Plantsdonotsufferinsilencewhenthirstyorstressed,accordingtoanewstudypublishedtodayinCell.(根據(jù)今天發(fā)表在《細(xì)胞》雜志上的一項新研究，植物在口渴或壓力時不會沉默)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)植物在口渴或壓力時會發(fā)出聲音，人們聽不見的原因是這種聲音非常高，很少有人能聽到。文章解釋了研究開展的經(jīng)過以及應(yīng)用前景。可知，C選項“植物如何為它們的需要而哭泣”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。DoLobstersFeelPain?Thetraditionalmethodforcookingalobster(龍蝦)—boilingitalive—raisesthequestionofwhetherornotlobstersfeelpain.___16___.Lobstersgobadveryquicklyaftertheydie,andeatingadeadlobsterincreasestheriskofillnessandreducesthequalityofitsflavor.However,iflobstersarecapableoffeelingpain,themethodandothers,suchasstoringthelivelobsteronice,raisemoralquestionsforchefsandlobstereatersalike.___17___.Lobstershaveaperipheralsystemlikehumans,butinsteadofasinglebrain,theypossessnervecluster(神經(jīng)簇).Becauseofthisdifference,someresearchersarguelobstersaretoodissimilartovertebrates(脊椎動物)tofeelpain.Nonetheless,lobstersdosatisfyallofthestandardforapainresponse.Lobstersguardtheirinjuries,learntoavoiddangeroussituations,respondtoanesthetics,andarebelievedtopossesssomelevelofconsciousness.Somostscientistsbelievethatinjuringalobstercausesphysicalpain.___18___,soitisnowbecomingillegaltoboillobstersaliveorkeepthemonice.Currently,boilinglobstersaliveisillegalinSwitzerland,NewZealand,andtheItaliancityReggioEmilia.ThemosthumanetoolforcookingalobsteristheCrustaStun.Thisdeviceelectrocutesalobster,makingitunconsciousinlessthanhalfasecondorkillingitin5to10seconds.___19___.Unfortunately,theCrustaStunistooexpensiveformostrestaurantsandpeopletoafford.Somerestaurantsplacealobsterinaplasticbagandplaceitinthefreezerforacoupleofhours,duringwhichtimeitlosesconsciousnessanddies.___20___,butitisprobablythemosthumaneoptionforkillingalobsterbeforecookingandeatingit.A.ThissolutionisnotidealB.Andthen,itcanbecutapartorboiledC.LobstersarepopularfoodinmanycountriesD.ThereisgrowingevidencethatlobstersmayfeelpainE.ScientistsdisagreeoverwhetherornotlobstersfeelpainF.ManyrestaurantschoosemorehumanemethodstocookitG.Thiscookingwayisusedtoimprovehumans’diningexperience【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一直以來科學(xué)家們對龍蝦是否會感到疼痛持不同意見，現(xiàn)在越來越多的證據(jù)表明，龍蝦可能會感到疼痛，因此一些國家禁止將龍蝦活煮或放在冰上，推薦使用更人道的水產(chǎn)品電擊器處理龍蝦，一些無力負(fù)擔(dān)該工具的餐館則盡量選擇其他人道的方式進(jìn)行處理?！敬鸢浮?6.G17.E18.D19.B20.A16．【解析】前文“Thetraditionalmethodforcookingalobster(龍蝦)—boilingitalive—raisesthequestionofwhetherornotlobstersfeelpain.(傳統(tǒng)的烹飪龍蝦的方法——活煮龍蝦——引發(fā)了龍蝦是否會感到疼痛的問題)”引入傳統(tǒng)活煮龍蝦的話題，后文“Lobstersgobadveryquicklyaftertheydie,andeatingadeadlobsterincreasestheriskofillnessandreducesthequalityofitsflavor.(龍蝦死后很快就會變質(zhì)，吃死龍蝦會增加患病的風(fēng)險，并降低其味道的質(zhì)量)”具體解釋采用這種烹飪方式的原因，因此G項“Thiscookingwayisusedtoimprovehumans’diningexperience(這種烹飪方式被用來改善人類的用餐體驗)”符合語境，承接前文，概括后文的具體解釋，其中的Thiscookingway指代前文的boilingitalive。故選G。17．【解析】空處位于段首，需引出段落內(nèi)容。根據(jù)后文的“Becauseofthisdifference,someresearchersarguelobstersaretoodissimilartovertebrates(脊椎動物)tofeelpain.(由于這種差異，一些研究人員認(rèn)為龍蝦與脊椎動物太不相似了，感覺不到疼痛)”和“Somostscientistsbelievethatinjuringalobstercausesphysicalpain.(因此，大多數(shù)科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，傷害龍蝦會導(dǎo)致身體疼痛)”可知，本段主要介紹了對龍蝦是否會感到疼痛的兩種不同意見，因此E項“Scientistsdisagreeoverwhetherornotlobstersfeelpain(科學(xué)家們對龍蝦是否會感到疼痛持不同意見)”符合語境，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)后文內(nèi)容，其中的feelpain和后文的feelpain是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選E。18．【解析】空處位于段首，需引出段落內(nèi)容。后文“soitisnowbecomingillegaltoboillobstersaliveorkeepthemonice(因此，現(xiàn)在將龍蝦活煮或放在冰上是違法的)”指出活煮龍蝦或把龍蝦放在冰上被禁止，因此D項“Thereisgrowingevidencethatlobstersmayfeelpain(越來越多的證據(jù)表明，龍蝦可能會感到疼痛)”符合語境，解釋后文被禁止的原因。故選D。19．【解析】前文“ThemosthumanetoolforcookingalobsteristheCrustaStun.Thisdeviceelectrocutesalobster,makingitunconsciousinlessthanhalfasecondorkillingitin5to10seconds.(煮龍蝦最人道的工具是水產(chǎn)品電擊器。這種裝置可以電擊龍蝦，讓它在不到半秒的時間內(nèi)失去意識，或者在5到10秒內(nèi)殺死它)”介紹了使用水產(chǎn)品電擊器來處理龍蝦的方式，因此B項“Andthen,itcanbecutapartorboiled(然后，它可以被切開或煮)”符合語境，承接前文，其中的it指代前文的alobster。故選B。20．【解析】前文“Somerestaurantsplacealobsterinaplasticbagandplaceitinthefreezerforacoupleofhours,duringwhichtimeitlosesconsciousnessanddies.(一些餐館把龍蝦放在塑料袋里，放在冰箱里幾個小時，在這段時間里，龍蝦失去知覺，死亡)”介紹了一些無力負(fù)擔(dān)水產(chǎn)品電擊器的餐館處理龍蝦的方法，后文“butitisprobablythemosthumaneoptionforkillingalobsterbeforecookingandeatingit(但在烹飪和食用龍蝦之前殺死它可能是最人性化的選擇)”對這種方法做出了評價，因此A項“Thissolutionisnotideal(這個解決方案并不理想)”符合語境，承接前文，和后文形成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選A。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。JackyHunt-Broersma,anativeofSouthAfrica,sethergoalinmid-January.Andsincethenshehasbeenrunning26.2mileseveryday,aboutthe___21___ofamarathon.OnSaturday,shecompletedher104thmarathon—a(an)___22___sheexpectstobeconfirmedbyGuinnessWorldRecords.Ifso,shewouldthen___23___aworldrecordfor104back-to-back(持續(xù)的)marathonruns,twomorethanherprevious___24___.Thecurrentworldrecordof101___25___wassetonApril10byBritishrunnerKateJayden.The35-year-oldJaydendoesnothavea/an___26___.Hunt-Broersma___27___halfofherleftlegtoarareformofcancerin2001.“Thebiggest___28___wasacceptingthatpartofmybodywasgone,”shesaid.“Untilfiveyearsago,Iwasnotvery___29___.Butafterlookingintorunning,I____30____togiveitatry.”Thesportendedupbeingquite____31____.Currently,shekeepsrunningonafalse____32____madeoutofcarbonfiber.Thecarbonfiberblade(刀鋒)sheuses,designedspecificallyfor____33____,costsabout$10,000.ButHunt-Broersmasaysher____34____hasbeenwellworthwhile.“Runningreally____35____mylife,”shesaid.“Itgavemeasenseoffreedom.Ifellinlovewiththeprocessof____36____mybodyfurtherjusttoseewhatIcoulddo.”However,shefacedbothphysicalandmental____37____.Ononerecentday,Hunt-Broersmasaidshefeltnearcollapse(崩潰)at24kilometers.Inthatmoment,shefeltlikeherplannedgoalmightnot____38____atall.Hunt-Broersmaishopingto____39____asinglethoughtinothers——“You’re____40____thanyouthinkandyou’recapableofsomuchmore.”21．A.background B.theme C.distance D.speed22．A.experiment B.achievement C.invention D.program23．A.recover B.witness C.design D.hold24．A.measure B.goal C.rank D.position25．A.marathons B.circles C.kilometers D.points26．A.experience B.advantage C.disability D.mistake27．A.owed B.donated C.devoted D.lost28．A.struggle B.possibility C.opportunity D.regret29．A.active B.sensitive C.negative D.reliable30．A.pretended B.continued C.decided D.refused31．A.complex B.attractive C.expensive D.awkward32．A.machine B.leg C.track D.runway33．A.running B.training C.operation D.competition34．A.project B.arrangement C.analysis D.investment35．A.recorded B.changed C.reflected D.limited36．A.approaching B.supporting C.pushing D.adjusting37．A.factors B.differences C.results D.difficulties38．A.drawnear B.cometrue C.slowdown D.fellbehind39．A.describe B.seek C.collect D.inspire40．A.stronger B.healthier C.stricter D.braver【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了因癌癥失去一條腿的婦女Hunt-Broersma跑步打破世界紀(jì)錄的故事。【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.A29.A30.C31.C32.B33.A34.D35.B36.C37.D38.B39.D40.A21．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從那以后，她每天跑26.2英里，大約是馬拉松的距離。A.background背景；B.theme主題；C.distance距離；D.speed速度。根據(jù)上文“shehasbeenrunning26.2mileseveryday”她每天跑26.2英里，以及下文“amarathon”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示她每天跑26.2英里，大約是馬拉松的距離。故選C項。22．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：周六，她完成了自己的第104次馬拉松比賽——她希望這一成就能被吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄確認(rèn)。A.experiment實驗；B.achievement成績；C.invention發(fā)明；D.program節(jié)目。根據(jù)上文“shecompletedher104thmarathon”完成了自己的第104次馬拉松比賽，由此可知，她希望這一成就能被吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄確認(rèn)。故選B項。23．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果是這樣的話，她將保持連續(xù)跑104次馬拉松的世界紀(jì)錄，比她之前的目標(biāo)多兩次。A.recover恢復(fù)；B.witness目睹；C.design設(shè)計；D.hold持有。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“aworldrecord”可知，此處應(yīng)表示她將保持連續(xù)跑104次馬拉松的世界紀(jì)錄，holdaworldrecord“保持世界紀(jì)錄”。故選D項。24．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果是這樣的話，她將保持連續(xù)跑104次馬拉松的世界紀(jì)錄，比她之前的目標(biāo)多兩次。A.measure措施；B.goal目標(biāo)；C.rank排名；D.position位置。根據(jù)句意以及下文“twomorethanherprevious”由此可推知，此處應(yīng)表示她的104次馬拉松的世界紀(jì)錄比她之前的目標(biāo)多兩次。故選B項。25．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：目前101場馬拉松的世界紀(jì)錄是由英國選手凱特·杰登于4月10日創(chuàng)造的。A.marathons馬拉松；B.circles圈子；C.kilometers千米；D.points點。根據(jù)上文“aworldrecordfor104back-to-back(持續(xù)的)marathonruns”一直在講的馬拉松記錄可知，此處應(yīng)表示目前101場馬拉松的世界紀(jì)錄是由英國選手凱特·杰登于4月10日創(chuàng)造的。故選A項。26．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：35歲的Jayden沒有殘疾。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.advantage優(yōu)點；C.disability殘疾；D.mistake錯誤。根據(jù)下文提到的“herleftlegtoarareformofcancer”以及“acceptingthatpartofmybodywasgone”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示35歲的Jayden沒有殘疾，和Hunt-Broersma的身體狀況形成對比。故選C項。27．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Hunt-Broersma在2001年因一種罕見的癌癥失去了左腿的一半。A.owed欠；B.donated捐贈；C.devoted獻(xiàn)身；D.lost失去。根據(jù)下文“herleftlegtoarareformofcancer”以及“acceptingthatpartofmybodywasgone”接受身體的一部分缺失，可知，Hunt-Broersma失去了左腿的一半。故選D項。28．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最大的斗爭是接受我身體的一部分不見了。A.struggle斗爭；B.possibility可能性；C.opportunity機會；D.regret后悔。根據(jù)上文提到的因一種罕見的癌癥失去了左腿的一半，以及下文“Untilfiveyearsago,Iwasnotvery__.”由此可推知，此處應(yīng)表示最大的斗爭是接受身體的一部分不見了。故選A項。29．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一直到五年前，我都不是很活躍。A.active活躍的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.negative負(fù)面的；D.reliable可靠的。根據(jù)上文提到的最大的斗爭是接受身體的一部分不見了，以及下文“I_____togiveitatry.”決定試一試，由此可推知，此處應(yīng)表示一直到五年前，我都不是很活躍。故選A項。30．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但在研究了跑步之后，我決定試一試。A.pretended假裝；B.continued繼續(xù)；C.decided決定；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)上文“Butafterlookingintorunning”以及下文的內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)表示在研究了跑步之后，我決定試一試。故選C項。31．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這項運動最終相當(dāng)昂貴。A.complex復(fù)雜的；B.attractive吸引人的；C.expensive昂貴的；D.awkward難堪的。根據(jù)下文“costsabout$10,000.”提到了高的價格，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示這項運動最終相當(dāng)昂貴。故選C項。32．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：目前，她一直用碳纖維制成的假腿跑步。A.machine機器；B.leg腿；C.track蹤跡；D.runway跑道。根據(jù)上文提到的“Hunt-Broersmahalfofherleftlegtoarareformofcancerin2001.”可知她失去了左腿的一半，由此推斷，此處應(yīng)表示她一直用碳纖維制成的假腿跑步。故選B項。33．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她使用的碳纖維刀鋒是專門為跑步設(shè)計的，價格約為1萬美元。A.running跑步；B.training訓(xùn)練；C.operation手術(shù)；D.competition比賽。根據(jù)上文提到的“shekeepsrunning”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示她使用的碳纖維刀鋒是專門為跑步設(shè)計的。故選A項。34．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但Hunt-Broersma表示，她的投資是值得的。A.project項目；B.arrangement安排；C.analysis分析；D.investment投資。根據(jù)上文提到的她一直用的碳纖維制成的假腿價格很高，以及該句中的“wellworthwhile”可推知，此處應(yīng)表示她的投資是值得的。故選D項。35．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：跑步真的改變了我的生活。A.recorded記錄；B.changed改變；C.reflected反映；D.limited限制。根據(jù)上下文語境以及下文“Itgavemeasenseoffreedom.”給了我一種自由的感覺，由此可推知，此處應(yīng)表示跑步真的改變了我的生活。故選B項。36．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我愛上了把我的身體推得更遠(yuǎn)的過程，只是為了看看我能做什么。A.approaching接近；B.supporting支持；C.pushing推；D.adjusting調(diào)整。根據(jù)句意以及該句中的“mybodyfurther”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示把我的身體推得更遠(yuǎn)。故選C項。37．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她面臨著身體和精神上的雙重困難。A.factors因素；B.differences區(qū)別；C.results結(jié)果；D.difficulties困難。根據(jù)下文“Hunt-Broersmasaidshefeltnearcollapse(崩潰)at24kilometers.”她在24公里處感到幾近崩潰，由此可推知，此處應(yīng)表示她面臨著身體和精神上的雙重困難。故選D項。38．【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在那一刻，她覺得她計劃的目標(biāo)可能根本不會實現(xiàn)。A.drawnear臨近；B.cometrue實現(xiàn)；C.slowdown減速；D.fellbehind落后。根據(jù)上文提到的她面臨著身體和精神上的雙重困難，以及該句中的“shefeltlikeherplannedgoalmightnot”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示她覺得她計劃的目標(biāo)可能根本不會實現(xiàn)。故選B項。39．【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Hunt-Broersma希望激發(fā)其他人的一個想法。A.describe描述；B.seek尋找；C.collect收集；D.inspire激勵。根據(jù)上下文語境以及下文“

asinglethoughtinothers——You’re____thanyouthinkandyou’recapableof