2021屆高考英語作文高分突破概要寫作（四）課件

作文高分突破概要寫作

42021屆高考英語浙江省新高考英語寫作

概要寫作真題剖析1

TheBoomingChineseEcommerceSummarywritingprocess:Step1:Readforthemainideaofthewholepassage

Step2:Analyzethestructureofthewholepassage

(What'stherelationshipbetweeneachparagraph?)

Step3:Locate(確定)themainideaofeachparagraph

Keepimportantdetails/LeaveoutunimportantinformationStep4:Writethesummaryinyourownwords(language)閱讀下面的文章，確定文章的主題及結(jié)構(gòu)：

Chinaispreparedtobecomethebiggestonlinemarketplaceintheworldwithinthenextfewyears,accordingtomultipleestimates.ThesizeofChina'secommercemarketisexpectedtomorethantripleoverthenextthreeyears,withsalesreaching$420billionby2015.That’s20%morethanwhattheU.S.'secommercemarketisforecasttobringinthatyear.Chinahasanestimated193milliononlineshoppers,morethananyothercountry.By2015,thoseconsumerswillbespending$1,000peryearonline---thesameamountthatU.S.'s170milliononlineshopperscurrentlyspendannually.Bythattime,ecommercecouldaccountformorethan8%ofallretailsalesinChina.Anumberoffactorsaredrivingthegrowth.OneistheincreaseofChina'smiddleclass,whichisexpectedtoballoonfrom200millionto800millionpeopleoverthenext20years,accordingtoAcquityGroup.Thespreadofgovernment-supported,high-speedInternetaccessandInternet-connectedcellphoneshavewidenedthepoolofpotentialshoppersto513million---orabout40%ofthepopulation.BroadInternetaccesscostsaround$10permonth,comparedto$30permonthinIndiaand$27%permonthinBrazil.Shippingpricesandreliabilityhavealsobeenimproved,particularlyinurbancoastalcities:ShippingcostsChinesecorporationsaboutasixthofwhattheirAmericancounterpartspay,accordingtoBCG.Impressively,China'smajoronlinemarketplace,Alibaba-ownedTaobao,isestimatedtoaccountforhalfofallpackagesshippedinChina.PeopleinChinashoponlineforthreemainreasons,accordingtoanAcquityGroupsurveyconductedamong1,000peopleacrossroughly150citieslastyear.One,greaterproductionselection.Two,theabilitytocomparepricesacrosssellers:65%ofrespondentssaidtheycomparedretailersbeforemakingapurchase.Three,convenience.Still,ecommerceisayoungindustryinChina.AlthoughmorepeopleareshoppingonlineinChina,relativetothepopulationonly14%ofChina's1.3billionresidentsshoponline,comparedabout54%intheU.S.Mainideaofthewholepassage?

2.Thestructureofthepassage?

TheboomingChineseecommercemarketanditscauses.Phenomenon:Para.1&2:Chineseonlinemarketisgrowingtobethelargestworldwide.Para.3&4:drivingfactorsa.theincreaseofChina'smiddleclass;b.broadInternetaccessc.bettershippingservice

Presentsituation:Para.6:Chineseecommerceisstillayoungindustry.

Para.5:Whypeopleshoponline?a.widechoicesb.betterpricesc.convenience段落大意及要點(diǎn)分析Para.1&2

Chinaispreparedtobecomethebiggestonlinemarketplaceintheworldwithinthenextfewyears,accordingtomultipleestimates.ThesizeofChina'secommercemarketisexpectedtomorethantripleoverthenextthreeyears,withsalesreaching$420billionby2015.That's20%morethanwhattheU.S.'secommercemarketisforecasttobringinthatyear.Chinahasanestimated193milliononlineshoppers,morethananyothercountry.

By2015,thoseconsumerswillbespending$1,000peryearonline---thesameamountthatU.S.'s170milliononlineshopperscurrentlyspendannually.Bythattime,ecommercecouldaccountformorethan8%ofallretailsalesinChina.說明：這兩段的內(nèi)容都是描述中國電子商務(wù)市場的快速發(fā)展。注意寫概要時，如果不同段落表達(dá)的是同一主題內(nèi)容，那么可以用一個要點(diǎn)來總結(jié)（如上文的這兩個段落)。第一句劃線部分是這兩段的主題，第二段的網(wǎng)購者數(shù)量及網(wǎng)上的消費(fèi)數(shù)額是用于支撐主題句的主要信息。其它部分是段落中涉及的一些數(shù)字說明、與美國的比較及破折號之后的描述都屬于次要信息，概要中無需包括。Para.1&2段落大意可概括為：

China'secommercemarketisgrowingtobethelargestworldwidewiththeexpandingonline-shoppingpopulationandsales.

Chinaisestimatedtotoponlinemarketsgloballysoonwithmostonlineconsumersandagrowingannualonlinesales.

Withtheincreasingnumberofonlineshoppersandsales,ChinaisexpectedtoberankedNo.1biggestonlinemarketplaceworldwide.“不斷擴(kuò)大的”表達(dá)方式：growing，expanding,booming,increasing…段落大意及要點(diǎn)分析Para.3&4

Anumberoffactorsaredrivingthegrowth.OneistheincreaseofChina'smiddleclass,whichisexpectedtoballoonfrom200millionto800millionpeopleoverthenext20years,accordingtoAcquityGroup.Thespreadofgovernment-supported,high-speedInternetaccessandInternet-connectedcellphoneshavewidenedthepoolofpotentialshoppersto513million---orabout40%ofthepopulation.BroadInternetaccesscostsaround$10permonth,comparedto$30permonthinIndiaand$27%permonthinBrazil.Shippingpricesandreliabilityhavealsobeenimproved,particularlyinurbancoastalcities:ShippingcostsChinesecorporationsaboutasixthofwhattheirAmericancounterpartspay,accordingtoBCG.Impressively,China'smajoronlinemarketplace,Alibaba-ownedTaobao,isestimatedtoaccountforhalfofallpackagesshippedinChina.

①②③說明：這兩段的內(nèi)容都描述了中國電子商務(wù)市場的快速發(fā)展的原因，因此可以用一個要點(diǎn)來總結(jié)。紅色劃線部分是這兩段的主題句，藍(lán)色劃線部分是三點(diǎn)原因：1.中國中產(chǎn)階級的增加；2.快速發(fā)展的網(wǎng)絡(luò)；3.方便安全的運(yùn)輸。在寫概要時，我們可以用并列的方式把這三點(diǎn)原因?qū)懺谝痪湓捴?。注意許多同學(xué)把“government-supported,high-speedInternetaccess”錯誤地理解成政府的支持是電子商務(wù)發(fā)展的一點(diǎn)原因，這里的意思其實(shí)是政府支持的網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)。

Para3&4段落大意可概括為：

Multiplereasonscontributetoitsprosperity:theboomingofChinesemiddle-class,theevereasieraccesstotheInternetandtheimprovementofshippingservice.

Thegrowthismainly

duetotheriseofmiddleclass,moreconvenientinternetaccessandbettershippingservices.

TheincreaseofChinesemiddleclass,thehighly-developedInternetindustryandthesatisfyingshippingservicesareencouragingtheboomingofChina'secommerce/aremakingtheprosperitypossible.說明：1.

為了語言表達(dá)更簡潔清晰，名詞短語或動詞短語的并列結(jié)構(gòu)會經(jīng)常被使用在概要寫作中。2.因果關(guān)系是概要寫作中經(jīng)常表達(dá)的一種邏輯關(guān)系，平時要注意此類表達(dá)方式的積累，如上面句子中的綠色字體部分的表達(dá)。

PeopleinChinashoponlineforthreemainreasons,accordingtoanAcquityGroupsurveyconductedamong1,000peopleacrossroughly150citieslastyear.One,greaterproductionselection.Two,theabilitytocomparepricesacrosssellers:65%ofrespondentssaidtheycomparedretailersbeforemakingapurchase.Three,convenience.段落大意及要點(diǎn)分析Para.5

說明：紅色劃線的句子為該段的主題句。藍(lán)色劃線的句子為三點(diǎn)原因，是解釋主題句的關(guān)鍵信息，概要中需包含。其它部分的內(nèi)容屬于次要信息。

Para.5段落大意可概括為：

Chinesepeoplefavoronlineshoppingforitsvariouschoices,morereasonablepricesandconvenience.

Widercommoditychoices,easierpricecomparisonandconveniencedrivemorepeopletoshoponline.

Chinesepeopleshoponlinemainlybecauseofitsdiversechoices,betterpricesandconvenience.

Still,ecommerceisayoungindustryinChina.AlthoughmorepeopleareshoppingonlineinChina,relativetothepopulationonly14%ofChina's1.3billionresidentsshoponline,comparedabout54%intheU.S.段落大意及要點(diǎn)分析Para.6

說明：紅色劃線的句子為該段的主題句。藍(lán)色劃線的句子是解釋主題句的關(guān)鍵信息，概要中需涉及。其它部分的內(nèi)容屬于次要信息。

Para.6段落大意可概括為：

Nevertheless,ecommerceinChinaisstilldevelopingatitsearlystagewithalowpercentageofonlineshoppers.Theonlineshoppers'proportion,however,isrelativelylow,whichmeansitisjustthestartoftheindustry.However,thepercentageofChina'sonlineshoppersisstilllow,meaningthatitsecommerceisjustgettingstarted.完成概要寫作:用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯釉~把每段的要點(diǎn)連接在一起。注意詞數(shù)，不超過80詞。通讀一遍，看要點(diǎn)之間是否獨(dú)立，內(nèi)容是否連貫，邏輯是否通順。檢查語言的表達(dá)是否準(zhǔn)確，有無語法、拼寫及標(biāo)點(diǎn)的錯誤。Possibleversion1:

China'secommercemarketisgrowingtobethelargestworldwidewiththeexpandingonline-shoppingpopulationandsales.(要點(diǎn)1)Multiplereasonscontributetoitsprosperity:theboomingofChinesemiddle-class,theevereasieraccesstotheInternetandtheimprovementofshippingservice.

(要點(diǎn)2)Chinesepeoplefavoronlineshoppingforitsvariouschoices,morereasonablepricesandconvenience.(要點(diǎn)3)Nevertheless,ecommerceinChinaisstilldevelopingatitsearlystagewithalowpercentageofonlineshoppers.(要點(diǎn)4)

(72words)Possibleversion2:

Chinaisestimatedtotoponlinemarketsgloballywithmostonlineconsumersandagrowingannualonlinesales.(要點(diǎn)1)Therapidgrowthismainlyduetotheriseofmiddleclass,moreconvenientinternetaccessandbettershippingserviceinthiscountry.(要點(diǎn)2)Widercommoditychoices,easierpricecomparisonanditsconveniencedrivemorepeopletoshoponline.(要點(diǎn)3)Theonlineshoppers'proportion,however,isrelativelylow,whichmeansitisjustthestartoftheindustry.(要點(diǎn)4)

(74words)Possibleversion3:

Withtheincreasingnumberofonlineshoppersandsales,ChinaisexpectedtoberankedNo.1biggestonlinemarketplaceworldwide.(要點(diǎn)1)TheincreaseofChinesemiddleclass,thehighly-developedInternetindustryandthesatisfyingshippingservicesareencouragingtheboomingofChina'secommerce.(要點(diǎn)2)Chinesepeopleshoponlinemainlybecauseofitsdiversechoices,betterpricesandconvenience.(要點(diǎn)3)However,thepercentageofChina’sonlineshoppersisstilllow,meaningthatitsecommerceisjustgettingstarted.(要點(diǎn)4)

(73words)浙江省新高英語寫作

概要寫作真題剖析2

Englishweather-speakSummarywritingprocess:Step1:Readforthemainideaofthewholepassage

Step2:Analyzethestructureofthewholepassage

(What'stherelationshipbetweeneachparagraph?)

Step3:Locate(確定)themainideaofeachparagraph

Keepimportantdetails/LeaveoutunimportantinformationStep4:Writethesummaryinyourownwords(language)請閱讀下面的文章，確定文章的主題及結(jié)構(gòu)：

HowcanyoustartaconversationwithanEnglishperson?Theanswerisquitesimple.ManypeoplewilltellyouthatanyEnglishconversationbeginswith“theweather”.Suchafixation(迷戀)withtheweatherfindsexpressioninDr.Johnson'scommentthat“whentwoEnglishmenmeet,theirfirsttalkisofweather”.ThoughJohnson'sfindingisalmostthesameasitwasovertwohundredyearsago,mostcommentators(評論員)failtocomeupwithaconvincingexplanationforthisEnglishweather-speak.BillBryson,forexample,concludesthat,astheEnglishweatherisnotatallexciting,theobsessionwithitcanhardlybeunderstood.HearguesthatthemostimpressivethingabouttheEnglishweathertoanoutsideristhatthereisnotverymuchofit.Simply,thereasonisthatthoseexciting,unpredictableanddangerousweatherphenomena–tornadoes,monsoons,blizzards,hailstorms–arealmostwhollyunknownintheBritishIsles.JeremyPaxman,however,disagreeswithBryson,arguingthattheEnglishweatherisbynatureattractive.Brysoniswrong,hesays,becausetheEnglishpreferencefortheweatherisnotaboutthenaturalphenomenaatall.“Theinterestislessinthephenomenathemselves,butinuncertainty.”Accordingtohim,itisbecausetheweatherinEnglandisverychangeableanduncertainthatitattractstheEnglishaswellastheoutsider.BrysonandPaxmanstandforcommonmisunderstandingsabouttheweather-speakamongtheEnglish.Bothcommentators,somehow,aremissingthepoint.TheEnglishweatherconversationhasnothingtodowiththeweather.Englishweather-speakisasystemofsigns,whichisdevelopedtohelpthespeakersovercomeshynessandactuallytalktoeachother.Everyoneknowsconversationsstartingwithweather-speakarenotrequestsforweatherdata.Rather,theyareroutinegreetings,conversationstartersortheblank“fillers”.Inotherwords,Englishweather-speakisameansofsocialbonding.Mainideaofthewholepassage?

2.Thestructureofthepassage?

ThemisunderstandingsandtherealnatureofEnglishweather-speak.Para.1:PeoplefailtoexplainEnglishpeople'sobsessionwithweather.Para.2

Misconception1:

TheEnglishenthusiasmfortheweatherisridiculous.

Para.3

Misconception2:

ThecharmofEnglishweatherliesinitschangeability.Para.4TherealnatureofEnglishweather-speak:ameansofsocialbonding段落大意及要點(diǎn)分析Para.1

HowcanyoustartaconversationwithanEnglishperson?Theanswerisquitesimple.ManypeoplewilltellyouthatanyEnglishconversationbeginswith“theweather”.Suchafixation(迷戀)withtheweatherfindsexpressioninDr.Johnson'scommentthat“whentwoEnglishmenmeet,theirfirsttalkisofweather”.ThoughJohnson'sfindingisalmostthesameasitwasovertwohundredyearsago,mostcommentators(評論員)failtocomeupwithaconvincingexplanationforthisEnglishweather-speak.說明:紅色劃線部分是本段的重點(diǎn)信息：英國人喜歡談?wù)撎鞖獾珔s很少人能給出令人信服的解釋其原因是什么。Para.1段落大意可概括為：Englishconversationsoftenstartwiththeweather,aculturalnormthatfewcommentatorstrulyunderstand.StartingaconversationwithweatherisprevalentinBritain,towhichmostexplanationsaregroundless.Mostcommentatorsfailtoexplainwhyweather-speakhasbeenalwaysthestartofconversationsamongtheEnglish.段落大意及要點(diǎn)分析Para.2

BillBryson,forexample,concludesthat,astheEnglishweatherisnotatallexciting,theobsessionwithitcanhardlybeunderstood.HearguesthatthemostimpressivethingabouttheEnglishweathertoanoutsideristhatthereisnotverymuchofit.”Simply,thereasonisthatthoseexciting,unpredictableanddangerousweatherphenomena–tornadoes,monsoons,blizzards,hailstorms–arealmostwhollyunknownintheBritishIsles.說明:紅色劃線部分是本段的主題句，藍(lán)色劃線部分還是解釋英國天氣并沒什么特別的，其它內(nèi)容是對英國天氣情況的舉例說明，屬于次要信息。OneargumentisthatEnglishpeople'senthusiasmfortheweatherisridiculousasitistotallyboringandchangeless.

BillBrysonbelievesthattheEnglish

preferenceforweatherdoesn'tmakeanysensebecauseitistoodulltotalkabout.說明:

該段以BillBryson為例，陳述一種觀點(diǎn)。寫概要時，一般無需提及具體的名字及例子，但有時如果這一段內(nèi)容主要是關(guān)于這個人的，則視情況而定。如這篇文章中的2,3兩段就屬于這種情況，那么寫概要時也可提及。Para.2段落大意可概括為：SomepeoplethinkitincomprehensiblethattheEnglisharesofascinatedbythedullandnormalweather.段落大意及要點(diǎn)分析Para.3

JeremyPaxman,however,disagreeswithBryson,arguingthattheEnglishweatherisbynatureattractive.Brysoniswrong,hesays,becausetheEnglishpreferencefortheweatherisnotaboutthenaturalphenomenaatall.“Theinterestislessinthephenomenathemselves,butinuncertainty.”Accordingtohim,itisbecausetheweatherinEnglandisverychangeableanduncertainthatitattractstheEnglishaswellastheoutsider.說明:紅色劃線部分是本段的主題句，藍(lán)色劃線部分是主要信息，解釋英國天氣吸引人的原因。AnotherpointofviewisthatthecharmofEnglishweatheractuallyliesinitschangeabilityanduncertainty.OtherpeoplethinkthechangeableandunpredictableweathermakesitfascinatingtoEnglishpeople.Onthecontrary,Jeremy

PaxmanarguesthatEnglishpeople'sinterestinweatherisactuallybecausetheweatherchangesalotandishardtopredicate.Para.3段落大意可概括為：段落大意及要點(diǎn)分析Para.4

BrysonandPaxmanstandforcommonmisunderstandingsabouttheweather-speakamongtheEnglish.Bothcommentators,somehow,aremissingthepoint.TheEnglishweatherconversationhasnothingtodowiththeweather.Englishweather-speakisasystemofsigns,whichisdevelopedtohelpthespeakersovercomeshynessandactuallytalktoeachother.Everyoneknowsconversationsstartingwithweather-speakarenotrequestsforweatherdata.Rather,theyareroutinegreetings,conversationstartersortheblank“fillers”.Inotherwords,Englishweather-speakisameansofsocialbonding.說明:紅色劃線部分是本段的主題:英國人談?wù)撎鞖馐巧缃恍枰?。藍(lán)色劃線部分是主要信息，說明前兩種觀點(diǎn)的錯誤。inotherwords,說明前后內(nèi)容是一致的，寫概要時無需重復(fù)。該段落的概要寫作需要對談?wù)撎鞖獾淖饔眠M(jìn)行較為籠統(tǒng)的總結(jié)，不要一一舉例。Actually,boththeopinionslosethemainpointthatthefunctionofEnglishweather-speakistosocializeratherthantotalkaboutweather.

Infact,theEnglishweather-speakisnotabouttheweather,butawaytomakeaconversation,amethodofsocializing.However,theEnglishpeopletalkaboutweatherinaconversationfortheneedofsocializing,notfortheirinterestinweather.However,neitherofthetwoopinionsistrueastheEnglishtalkaboutweatherforsocializing,notfortheweather.Para.4段落大意可概括為：最后完成概要寫作:用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯釉~把每段的要點(diǎn)連接在一起。注意詞數(shù)，不超過80詞。通讀一遍，看要點(diǎn)之間是否獨(dú)立，內(nèi)容是否連貫，邏輯是否通順。檢查語言的表達(dá)是否準(zhǔn)確，有無語法、拼寫及標(biāo)點(diǎn)的錯誤。Possibleversion1:

Englishconversationsoftenstartwiththeweather,aculturalnormthatfewcommentatorstrulyunderstand.(要點(diǎn)1)Oneargumentis