PTN技術(shù)原理與設(shè)備規(guī)范-JDSU

Agenda1)I.II.III.IV.V.VI.VII.2)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION3類似SDH的PTN〔MPLS-TP〕分層模型低階通道層 (LO-VC)高階通道層 (HO-VC) 復(fù)用段層 (MS) 再生段層 (RS)

TMC通道層 (PW) TMP通路層(LSP/Tunnel) TMS段層(以太網(wǎng)/SDH) 物理媒介層 (Fiber?可以是光媒介或電媒介，例如光纖、銅纜甚至無線等?為客戶提供端到端的傳送網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù) ?將業(yè)務(wù)凈荷適配封裝，實(shí)現(xiàn)最貼近業(yè)務(wù)層的監(jiān)控 ?封裝后映射到TMP通路層承載?等效于MPLS的PWE3協(xié)議的偽線層〔PW〕?為一個(gè)或多個(gè)客戶業(yè)務(wù)提供更大的傳送網(wǎng)通路 ?提供傳送網(wǎng)隧道的連接建立和監(jiān)控 ?提供對(duì)TMS段層的適配?等效于MPLS的隧道層〔Tunnel〕，而Tunnel＋LSP唯一 標(biāo)識(shí)相同源宿的標(biāo)簽交換路徑?保證傳送網(wǎng)通路上相鄰節(jié)點(diǎn)間信息完整性傳遞的物理連接 ?完成對(duì)固定傳送網(wǎng)通路的承載和支撐連接的建立， 并對(duì)鏈路的質(zhì)量好壞進(jìn)行監(jiān)控?例如以太網(wǎng)、SDH、OTH、波長(zhǎng)通道等數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層?在物理媒介上，實(shí)現(xiàn)比照特流的傳送，并具備對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)物理 故障的監(jiān)測(cè)和定位能力業(yè)務(wù)凈荷 TDM

業(yè)務(wù)凈荷以太網(wǎng)、TDM、ATMSDH/Copper)

PTNAgenda1)I.II.III.IV.V.VI.VII.2)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION5IP、Ethernet、ATM、SAN E1/T1、STM-N PWE3傳送平面?zhèn)魉推? 面 MPLS-TP/T-MPLS Ethernet/SDH/OTH傳送平面：實(shí)現(xiàn)各種業(yè)務(wù)的傳送處理功能，如封裝、轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)、流控、交換等，并實(shí)現(xiàn)保護(hù)和OAM開銷處理管理平面：完成設(shè)備拓?fù)涔芾?、配置管理、告警性能管理、平安管理控制平面：通過信令和路由協(xié)議實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)的建立、保護(hù)恢復(fù)PTN設(shè)備根本功能 管理平面 控制平面控制平面管理平面基基站RouterPTNTDMCESETH通道OAM設(shè)設(shè)備管理監(jiān)控控控制平面ETH通道ETH通道流流量管理CPE分分組交換矩陣保保護(hù)PTNMSTPRouterATMCESTDMEOSETH通道同同步處理?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION6步處理備管理監(jiān)控制平面EMS

PTNMSTPRouter 站 CPE

OAM 護(hù)組交換矩陣

量管理

PTNRouter10GE/GE/FETDMCESATMCESTDMEOS ETH通道IMA/TDME1

ChSTM-1 ATMSTM-1 10GE/GE/FE

ETH通道ETH通道 ETH通道 ETH通道UNINNIPTN設(shè)備功能框圖?傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)預(yù)處理，如SDH映射、TDM業(yè)務(wù)的電路仿真等?故障定位?性能監(jiān)控?故障檢測(cè)時(shí)間3.3ms×3＝10ms?保護(hù)倒換時(shí)間<50ms?報(bào)文處理?標(biāo)記交換?業(yè)務(wù)交換〔熱備〕?流量調(diào)度?基于業(yè)務(wù)流的QOS策略?拓?fù)涔芾?配置管理?告警性能管理?平安管理?路由和信令?保護(hù)恢復(fù)?1588v2時(shí)間同步?同步以太不同項(xiàng)MPLSMPLS--TPIP/MPLS標(biāo)簽分配集中的網(wǎng)管配置或GMPLS或GMPLS控制平 面MPLS控制信令自動(dòng)分發(fā)標(biāo)記，包括 RSVP/LDP等保護(hù)1：1/1＋1線性、環(huán)網(wǎng)保護(hù)TEFRR/IGPOAMCC/AIS/RDI/LM/DM…BFD/PingLSP雙向單向PHP（倒數(shù)第二跳彈出）不支持支持，降低邊緣設(shè)備的復(fù)雜度LSP聚合不支持支持，相同目的地址的流量可以使用相同 的標(biāo)簽，增強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)可擴(kuò)展性ECMP（等價(jià)多路徑）不支持支持，一條LSP條LSP的流量可以分擔(dān)到多個(gè)等 價(jià)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)路徑中轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION7PTN〔MPLS-TP〕與IP/MPLS設(shè)備功能差異 PTN〔MPLS-TP〕為實(shí)現(xiàn)類似SDH的面向連接的端到端OAM，去除了 IP/MPLS眾多無連接的特性?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION8分組傳送網(wǎng)的特征“EVC〞以太網(wǎng)虛電路實(shí)現(xiàn)以太網(wǎng)流的透明傳輸嚴(yán)格的面向連接，可預(yù)知的傳送路徑電信級(jí)以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)－E-Line，E-LAN，E-Tree，仍然支持TDM業(yè)務(wù)更加適合于IP業(yè)務(wù)特征的“柔性〞傳輸管道傳輸級(jí)別的業(yè)務(wù)保護(hù)和恢復(fù)繼承自SDH的操作、管理和維護(hù)機(jī)制(OAM)可利用各種底層傳輸通道：SDH/Ethernet/OTN…業(yè)務(wù)QoS的區(qū)分和保證，靈活提供SLA嚴(yán)格的業(yè)務(wù)隔離，保證了業(yè)務(wù)平安性增強(qiáng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)同步，可同時(shí)支持高性能的頻率與時(shí)間同步結(jié)合控制平面實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的自動(dòng)配置及網(wǎng)狀網(wǎng)的高生存性EIR=100MCIR=100MEth orODU

EVCorT-MPLST-MPLSIP/MPLSPWTunnel10GE GEClientBClientCClientBClientC?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION9

PTN管道模型ClientAClientD

業(yè)務(wù)層:可以是任何二 層信號(hào)(Ethernet,ATM, FR,TDMCES…)采用IETFPWE3或IP/MPLS 方式映射物理段層:可以是任何的一 層信號(hào)(Ethernet,SDH, OTN+WDM…)邏輯鏈路層:T-MPLS定義了兩個(gè)層面?channel通道(IETFMS-PW)?path管道(IETFMPLStunnel)

T-MPLS設(shè)備(具備對(duì)通道和路徑的交換能力) ClientA ClientD?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION10PTN的業(yè)務(wù)模型UNIEVC1CoS1CoS2Tunnel1(Gua) Tunnel2(BE)PW1-1PW1-2Tunnel1(Gua) Tunnel2(BE)PW1-1PW1-2UNICoS1CoS2PW1-1PW1-2EVC1?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION11E1幀E1幀

DS1/E1RTPHeader SAToPCW PWLabel 802.1Q VLAN 802.3MACE1E1業(yè)務(wù)類型：TDMCES

SAToP(RFC4553)非結(jié)構(gòu)化封裝

CESoPSN(RFC5086)結(jié)構(gòu)化封裝 CEP(RFC4842)

CES業(yè)務(wù)保護(hù) 同步：通過1588提供差分定時(shí)的普通時(shí)鐘 以太網(wǎng)接口? ?SAToP仿真(RFC4553）

?

Attachment

?

CESoPSN仿真circuit(RFC5086)?

Pseudowires非結(jié)構(gòu)化E1仿真支持不支持結(jié)構(gòu)化E1仿真支持支持幀結(jié)構(gòu)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PWE3封裝，直接封裝TDM碼流。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)PWE3，需要額外開銷標(biāo)識(shí)每個(gè)64K的時(shí)隙號(hào)帶寬占用可根據(jù)時(shí)延要求按需配置每個(gè)以太網(wǎng)幀包封的E1可對(duì)idle時(shí)隙指定不仿真，但必須識(shí)別結(jié)構(gòu)化E1幀結(jié)構(gòu)，且節(jié)約帶寬相對(duì)GE/10GE管道幾乎可忽略。仿真處理機(jī)制復(fù)雜度仿真完整的TDM流，不需要考慮成幀或者64kbps時(shí)隙問題，處理機(jī)制快速簡(jiǎn)潔。需要按照成幀方式對(duì)每個(gè)64-kbps進(jìn)行仿真。IWF需要配置幀發(fā)生器來重建完整的E1本地幀結(jié)構(gòu)，處理機(jī)制復(fù)雜。大客戶租線承載大客戶租線業(yè)務(wù)需嚴(yán)格保證帶寬，SAToP不壓縮時(shí)隙，無論結(jié)構(gòu)還是非結(jié)構(gòu)化TDM信號(hào)均保證帶寬透?jìng)鳌ESoPSN需要運(yùn)營商對(duì)其E1中的幀結(jié)構(gòu)和信令進(jìn)行識(shí)別，不能滿足高端大客戶租線業(yè)務(wù)透?jìng)鞯囊?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION12CES仿真方式比較?Packetcore?IWF?IWFCE1CE2

?PacketNetwork?PSNtunnelAgenda1)I.II.III.IV.V.VI.VII.2)項(xiàng)目含義描述與作用PA前同步碼7個(gè)字節(jié)，1和0交互使用，使接收節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行同步并做好接收數(shù)據(jù)幀的準(zhǔn)備SFD幀起始標(biāo)志符一個(gè)字節(jié)0xAB，它標(biāo)識(shí)著以太網(wǎng)幀的開始FCS幀校驗(yàn)序列4個(gè)字節(jié)，采用32位CRC循環(huán)冗余校驗(yàn)對(duì)從"目標(biāo)MAC地址"字段到"數(shù)據(jù)"字段的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行校驗(yàn)DA目的地址6個(gè)字節(jié)，目標(biāo)站點(diǎn)的物理地址SA源地址6個(gè)字節(jié)，發(fā)送幀的站點(diǎn)的物理地址PAD填充位用以填充當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)段的數(shù)據(jù)不足64字節(jié)時(shí)Type以太網(wǎng)幀類型2個(gè)字節(jié)，被各個(gè)公司分配來用于建立系統(tǒng)以及用于遵循國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的軟件（如X.25）。Label標(biāo)簽值字段20比特，用于轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的指針（0到15是保留的），從16開始可配EXPEXPerimental3比特，保留，用于試驗(yàn)，現(xiàn)在通常用做CoS（ClassofService）SStack1比特，棧底標(biāo)識(shí)。MPLS支持標(biāo)簽的分層結(jié)構(gòu)，即多重標(biāo)簽，S值為1時(shí)表明為最底層標(biāo)簽TTL生存周期8比特，和IP分組中的TTL意義相同?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION14T-MPLS/MPLS-TP的幀格式DASA0x8847TMP標(biāo)簽域TMC標(biāo)簽域數(shù)據(jù)凈荷CRC6字節(jié)6字節(jié)2字節(jié)4字節(jié)4字節(jié)4字節(jié)TMClableEXPS比特=1TTL20比特3比特1比特8比特TMPlableEXPS比特=0TTL20比特3比特1比特8比特?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION15T-MPLS/MPLS-TP幀頭格式

–數(shù)據(jù)幀結(jié)構(gòu)

–TMP標(biāo)簽域

–TMC標(biāo)簽域?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION16以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)封裝格式PE1PPE2CE1CE2MACDAMACSAC-tag(optional)DataEthernetHeader1TunnelLabel1PWLabelMACDAMACSAC-tag(optional)DataEthernetHeader2TunnelLabel2PWLabelMACDAMACSAC-tag(optional)DataMACDAMACSAC-tag(optional)DataProviderNetworkMACDAnMACSAn0x8847EthernetHeadern?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION17TDM業(yè)務(wù)封裝格式PE1PPE2NodeBRNCTDMDataEthernetHeader1TunnelLabel1PWLabelControlWordRTPHeader(optional)TDMDataEthernetHeader2ProviderNetworkTunnelLabel2PWLabelControlWordRTPHeader(optional)TDMDataTDMDataAgenda1)I.II.III.IV.V.VI.VII.2)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION19?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION20線性1+1保護(hù)節(jié)點(diǎn)A節(jié)點(diǎn)Z連接端點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)層蹤跡端點(diǎn)選擇器工作傳送實(shí)體CICICICI保護(hù)傳送實(shí)體保護(hù)域AI永久橋接節(jié)點(diǎn)A節(jié)點(diǎn)Z連接端點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)層蹤跡端點(diǎn)選擇器工作傳送實(shí)體CICICICI保護(hù)傳送實(shí)體保護(hù)域AI永久橋接工作原理?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION21線性1:1保護(hù)工作原理AI節(jié)點(diǎn)A節(jié)點(diǎn)Z連接端點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)層蹤跡端點(diǎn)選擇器工作傳送實(shí)體CICICICI保護(hù)傳送實(shí)體保護(hù)域AI永久橋接

節(jié)點(diǎn)A選擇器橋接選擇器工作連接Z－AA－Z保護(hù)連接Z－AA－Z

節(jié)點(diǎn)Z選擇器選擇器橋接有保護(hù)業(yè)務(wù)無保護(hù)業(yè)務(wù)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION22?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION23Wrapping節(jié)點(diǎn)A節(jié)點(diǎn)B節(jié)點(diǎn)C節(jié)點(diǎn)F節(jié)點(diǎn)E節(jié)點(diǎn)D第Q線連接第Q線連接每個(gè)方向上的環(huán)網(wǎng)帶寬被工作和保護(hù)T-MPLS信號(hào)所共享

正常狀態(tài)工作業(yè)務(wù)的保障帶寬保護(hù)業(yè)務(wù)的保障帶寬節(jié)點(diǎn)A節(jié)點(diǎn)B節(jié)點(diǎn)C節(jié)點(diǎn)F節(jié)點(diǎn)E節(jié)點(diǎn)D第Q線連接第Q線連接直通

故障狀態(tài)工作業(yè)務(wù)的保障帶寬保護(hù)業(yè)務(wù)的保障帶寬T－MPLS分組wrapping?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION24Steering節(jié)點(diǎn)A節(jié)點(diǎn)B節(jié)點(diǎn)C節(jié)點(diǎn)F節(jié)點(diǎn)D保護(hù)業(yè)務(wù)的保障帶寬第Q線連接第Q線連接

節(jié)點(diǎn)E 正常狀態(tài)工作業(yè)務(wù)的保障帶寬節(jié)點(diǎn)A節(jié)點(diǎn)B節(jié)點(diǎn)C節(jié)點(diǎn)F節(jié)點(diǎn)D保護(hù)業(yè)務(wù)的保障帶寬第Q線連接第Q線連接

節(jié)點(diǎn)E 故障狀態(tài)工作業(yè)務(wù)的保障帶寬?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION2510GE會(huì)聚環(huán) GE接入環(huán)網(wǎng)GE環(huán)網(wǎng)環(huán)內(nèi)倒換快速(<50ms)恢復(fù)接入層故障，對(duì)會(huì)聚層無任何影響。會(huì)聚層對(duì)每條歸并好的PTN管道進(jìn)行保護(hù)，不受接入層故障影響?？刹捎?:1的保護(hù)方式，環(huán)網(wǎng)保護(hù)成熟后，進(jìn)一步提高保護(hù)倒換效率。接入環(huán)業(yè)務(wù)歸并入一條PTN傳送管道，分層保護(hù)組網(wǎng)提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)保護(hù)效率 分層保護(hù)組網(wǎng) 特別適合于PTP會(huì)聚回傳場(chǎng)景 到達(dá)會(huì)聚層業(yè)務(wù)出口的PTN 管道數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于接入節(jié) 點(diǎn)數(shù)量，設(shè)備管理壓力較 小，輕松應(yīng)對(duì)保護(hù)倒換。進(jìn)入會(huì)聚層。 從接入層節(jié)點(diǎn)開始構(gòu)建端到端PTN管道，每個(gè)接入節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)一條PTN管道。接入層任何節(jié)點(diǎn)或線路故障，將導(dǎo)致會(huì)聚層聯(lián)動(dòng)發(fā)生PTN管道保護(hù)倒換。會(huì)聚層任何節(jié)點(diǎn)或線路故障，將導(dǎo)致所有下掛接入層節(jié)點(diǎn)發(fā)生PTN管道保護(hù)倒換。保護(hù)倒換效率低。接入PTN管道穿通會(huì)聚接入交匯節(jié)點(diǎn)，會(huì)聚層只做管道透?jìng)鳌? 保護(hù)倒換位置 端到端通道組網(wǎng)每次保護(hù)倒換都在全網(wǎng)范圍內(nèi)發(fā)生 到達(dá)會(huì)聚層業(yè)務(wù)出口的PTN管道 數(shù)量與接入節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)目相同，PTN 管道管理壓力較大，保護(hù)倒換性 能下降，效率降低。?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION26VSI

全程LSP/PW分段LSP/PW〔 分層保護(hù)〕層次化VPLSUNIUNICE

CECEPEPEPPTN管道〔LSP/PW〕會(huì)聚能力PW與LSP全程幫定，無管道會(huì)聚能力，適用于端到端保護(hù)方式。PW與LSP分段幫定，會(huì)聚層

可對(duì)接入層的PW進(jìn)行歸并， 從而實(shí)現(xiàn)分層保護(hù)方式，特 別適合移動(dòng)回傳場(chǎng)景。PW與LSP可由VSI終結(jié)，實(shí)現(xiàn)層次化的VPLS，適合構(gòu)建多點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)二層VPN。會(huì)聚層接入層 MPLS-TP/T-MPLS網(wǎng)絡(luò)Alcatel-LucentPTN設(shè)備可同時(shí)支持以上三種管道會(huì)聚方式?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION27倒換情況比較分層保護(hù)〔分段LSP/PW〕vs端到端保護(hù)〔全程LSP/PW〕端到端保護(hù)方式會(huì)聚層接入層PW與LSP全程幫定會(huì)聚層發(fā)生故障時(shí)所有管道〔LSP〕發(fā)生倒換，接入層與會(huì)聚層同時(shí)受影響，倒換效率低，性能受到很大影響。 LSP對(duì)PW進(jìn)行歸并 分層保護(hù)方式 會(huì)聚層發(fā)生故障時(shí)僅 在歸并好的管道〔LSP 〕發(fā)生倒換，對(duì)接入 層不受影響，倒換效 率高，有效保證倒換 性能。?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION28開環(huán)加點(diǎn)情況比較分層保護(hù)〔分段LSP/PW〕vs端到端保護(hù)〔全程LSP/PW〕PE1 PE2PE1 PE2 端到端保護(hù)方式〔會(huì)聚層 〕 PE3 由于每條PW都幫定相應(yīng)的LSP，需重新配置的LSP數(shù)量等同于PW數(shù)量，網(wǎng)絡(luò)維護(hù)配置工作量極大。 業(yè)務(wù)開通速度受到很大影響 分層保護(hù)方式〔會(huì)聚層 〕 PE3 由于對(duì)接入層的PW進(jìn)行了有效歸并，需重新配置的LSP數(shù)量大幅減少，網(wǎng)絡(luò)維護(hù)配置工作量小。 業(yè)務(wù)開通速度快?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION29PTN承載業(yè)務(wù)和管道描述 應(yīng)先規(guī)劃好每條業(yè)務(wù)的屬性，提供一張業(yè)務(wù)屬性分配表備案，以便進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)配置和業(yè)務(wù) 調(diào)整時(shí)參考。具體業(yè)務(wù)屬性分配表應(yīng)至少包括如下信息： 業(yè)務(wù)標(biāo)識(shí)名稱〔包括所屬業(yè)務(wù)大類或大客戶〕 業(yè)務(wù)類型〔仿真或以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)E-Line/E-LAN/E-Tree〕 UNI客戶側(cè)業(yè)務(wù)描述：VLANID/VLAN優(yōu)先級(jí)〔或DSCP優(yōu)先級(jí)〕 業(yè)務(wù)PTN承載描述〔包括PTN網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的優(yōu)先級(jí)和CIR/PIR〕 業(yè)務(wù)起點(diǎn)和業(yè)務(wù)終點(diǎn) 業(yè)務(wù)路徑描述〔包括工作路徑和保護(hù)路徑〕 PW標(biāo)識(shí)和Tunnel標(biāo)識(shí)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION30層次化QoS考慮 層次化QoS一般作用于會(huì)聚層，因?yàn)橹挥袝?huì)聚層節(jié)點(diǎn)需要同時(shí)會(huì)聚來自各個(gè)接入環(huán)的各種類型 的業(yè)務(wù)，并且有可能產(chǎn)生阻塞，需要對(duì)不同用戶不同大類的業(yè)務(wù)內(nèi)部進(jìn)行優(yōu)先級(jí)調(diào)度。而在接 入層每個(gè)接入節(jié)點(diǎn)業(yè)務(wù)流向比較單一，根本按照GE環(huán)網(wǎng)保證物理帶寬設(shè)計(jì)流量，在進(jìn)入會(huì)聚層 之前不存在阻塞調(diào)度問題。 層次化QoS一般2層即可，第一層用于區(qū)分業(yè)務(wù)大類或客戶，主要表達(dá)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬分配上。第 二層用于區(qū)分某一業(yè)務(wù)大類或客戶內(nèi)部不同業(yè)務(wù)流的優(yōu)先級(jí)，主要表達(dá)在優(yōu)先級(jí)〔時(shí)延性能〕 分配上?；谶@樣的架構(gòu)比較清晰，不宜采用更多層次，否那么將產(chǎn)生非常復(fù)雜的業(yè)務(wù)管理。過 深的層次不僅表達(dá)不出傳輸層的傳送效率〔承載顆粒傳送，非精細(xì)化業(yè)務(wù)流處理〕，而且會(huì)降 低整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)性能。?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION31Agenda1)I.II.III.IV.V.VI.VII.2)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION33PTNOperations,AdministrationandManagement(OAM)

Toolstoallowoperatorstoremotelymanagethenetwork電 信級(jí)的OAM 主要功能:–––––故障定位和故障通知故障抑制故障檢測(cè)保護(hù)倒換維護(hù)PW(偽線)/LSP(隧道)PTNCECEPTNPTNUNI鏈路層OAM(ETHLinkOAM)ＵＮＩ鏈路層OAM(ETHLinkOAM)ETHETH

ＬＳＰ段層業(yè)務(wù)層OAM(ETHServiceOAM)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION34OAM-PTNOAMbasedonhardwarePerformanceandalarmmanagement SimilartoSDH:LOS，RDI，AIS EndtoendPMOAMlevel：Ethernet，T-MPLS/MPLS-TPLinkOAMFE PTNServiceOAM〔UNItoUNI〕 ConnectionlayerOAM PW LSPCECEPTNPTN

IEEE802.1ag /ITUY.1731 ITUY.1731OAM IEEE802.3ahLinkOAMT-MPLS/MPLS-TPOAM類型功能Section OAMLSPOAMPWOAM

業(yè)務(wù)鏈路OAMOAM主動(dòng)故障管理連通性驗(yàn)證√√√√√告警抑制√√√√遠(yuǎn)端故障指示√√√鎖定指示√√客戶信號(hào)故障√√鏈路事件√性能監(jiān)測(cè)丟包測(cè)量√√按需故障管理,定位環(huán)回監(jiān)測(cè)√√√√蹤跡監(jiān)視√√√性能監(jiān)測(cè)丟包測(cè)量√√√√時(shí)延測(cè)量√√√√其他保護(hù)自動(dòng)保護(hù)倒換√√管理管理控制通道√信令信令控制通道√同步同步狀態(tài)信息√?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION35PTNOAM提供的功能?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION36PW1MPLSTransportProfileandPWframework

EmulatedService Pseudo-wire Multi-nodePSNcloudAttachmentCircuitPE1PE2CE1CE2AttachmentCircuitConnectionoriented

PBi-directionalLSPandSectionbetweenAdjacent

MPLS-TPnodesMPLS-TPfullysupportPWmodelandLSPforwardingMPLS-TPandT-MPLScorrespondentconcepts: –PWareaclientlayer –PWcorrespondingTM-Channel,whileLSPcorrespondingtoTM-Path?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION37ITU-T/IETFOAMFramework:ManagementEntitiesandPoints

–TrafficflowbetweeningressandegressofaService NetworkOperatordomainMaintenanceEntityGroup(MEG):asetofMEsthat –Existwithinthesameadministrativeboundary –Belongtothesameconnectioninstance:p2p{1xME} multipoint{asmanyasNx(N-1)/2MEs}MEP:MEGEndPoint –End-pointofanME,attheedgeofadomain –Generates/terminatesOAMPDUsMIP:MEGIntermediatePoint –Between2MEPs,orinthemiddleofanME(insideadomain) –CanonlypassorinterceptandreplytoOAMPDUsfromMEP

Provideror or

CommonOAM Framework adoptedbyITU-TandIETFLSRALSRBLSRC

MEP MIP

MEMaintenanceEntity(ME):aphysical/logicalentitythatrequiresmanagement?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION38MEPMIPITU-T/IETFOAMFramework:MPLS-TPSectionMEME1LSRALSRBLSRCME2MPLS-TPSectionME AnMEintendedtomanagealinkbetweentwoadjacentMPLS-TPenabledLSRs: –Scopestrictlylimitedtoa“l(fā)inkconnection〞 ?Notadataplaneswitchableentity –ImplementedviaarawMPLS-TPGAL* *SeeITU-TY./Sup4andIETFdraft-vigoureux-mpls-tp-gal-00.txt?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION39ITU-T/IETFOAMFramework:LSPME

MEP MIP

LSPMEMPLS-TPLSPME AnMEintendedtomanagea –Uni/bi-directionalpoint-to-pointLSPsbetweentwoLSRs –Unidirectionalpoint-to-multipointLSPbetweenthreeormoreLSRsLSRALSRBLSRC?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION40ITU-T/IETFOAMFramework:Pseudo-WireME

MEP MIP

PseudowireMEPseudowireME AnMEintendedtomanageapseudowirebetween: –TwoTerminatingPEs(T-PE),or –AT-PEandaSwitchingPE(S-PE),or –TwoS-PEsLSRA(T-PE)LSRBCEXCEYLSRC(T-PE)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION41DomainYDomainXITU-T/IETFOAMFramework:LSPTCMMELSPTandemConnectionMonitoringME(LSPTCMME) AnMEintendedtomanagea“segment〞ofa –point-to-pointLSPbetweentwoLSRs –point-to-multipointLSPbetweenthreeormoreLSRs

MEP MIPLSPMEADLSRALSRBLSRCLSRDLSPTCMMEABLSPTCMMECD?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION42ITU-T/IETFOAMFramework:Pseudo-WireTCMMEPseudowireTandemConnectionMonitoringME(PWTCMME) AnMEintendedtomanageapseudowiresegmentbetween: –AT-PEandaSwitchingPE(S-PE),or –TwoS-PEsMEPCEXCEYDomainYDomainX

MIPPWMEXYT-PELSRA

S-PELSRB

S-PELSRC

T-PELSRDPWTCMMEABPWTCMMECD?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION43EthernetOAM–IEEELinkLayerOAM:IEEE802.3ahIEEE802.3ahEthernetintheFirstMile(EFM)OAM–Scope:PhysicalLinkLayerOAM

?Monitorandtroubleshootapoint-to-pointfull-duplexlink

?Particularlyvaluableinthelast-mileconnectiontonetworkdemarcationdevice(actingasCE),wheremostlinkfailurestypicallyoccur

?IEEE802.3ahOAMPDUsuseSlowProtocolMAC@,TPID=8809anddonotpropagate beyondasinglehop

–StandardizedinIEEE802.3ah,nowClause57ofIEEE802.3-Ed2005Features:

–Discoveryandauto-negotiationofOAMcapabilities –LinkMonitoringviaEventnotification

?EventscanbecollectedintoL1/2PMNear-endandfar-endcounters: BSyE(erroredsymbolcount),ES,SES,UAS,erroredframes/s,etc

–RemoteFailureIndication(unidirlinkfault,dyinggasp,criticalevent)–RemoteLoopbacks(asymmetricalPECEintrusiveloopback,usedtotest

integrityofthelinkatinstallationortroubleshooting)–OrganizationspecificenhancementPECEPE802.3ah?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION44EFMOAMPDUFrame&TLVFormats

–SAMAC=TransmitPortMAC Address –DAMAC=0x01-80-C2-00-00-02 –EtherType=0x88-09 –noVLANTag –Sub-type=0x03?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION45以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)OAMHierarchicalModelMEGLevelsModelallowsformultipleOAMlevels,viaMEGLevels: –Customer(5,6,7) –Serviceprovider(3,4)

–NetworkOperator(0,1,2) Themodelappliestoanend-to-endEthernetservice.SinceeachMEPandMIPcanbeindividuallyidentified,end-user,serviceproviderandoperator(s)caninsertandinterceptOAMsignaltomonitoraparticularsegmentMEPMIPEnd-user site1End-user site2OperatorAOperatorBClientlevelProviderlevelOperatorlevel

Sectionlevelourerethenotodnd?Woesp?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION46以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)OAM:802.1ag&Y.1731–300framespersecondto1every6hours–LinkTraceMessage-LTM

?On-demandfromsourcetoalldestinations

?Activenodesare

–ManagedEndPoints(MEPs) –ManagedInteriorPoints(MIPS)?RespondwithLinkTraceReply(LTR)?Initially

–UsedtodiscoverMACsonservicepath?Later

–Usedtoidentifyfaultlocations –Whodidnotrespond?Periodic CCMsCustomer Traffic

MEPMEP

LTMLTRMEPMEPMIPMIPLinkTraceMessage(LTM)& LinkTraceReply(LTR)

802.1agandY.1731KeyElements

–ContinuityCheckMessages–CCMs

?Periodicframessentfromsourcetodest.

?Absenceindicatespresenceoffault

y?SentbetweenManagedEndPoints(MEPs)A?

?TakenoutofstreambydestinationMEP

?Ratesfromidh rerethe?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION47以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)OAM:802.1ag&Y.1731

802.1agandY.1731關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)MEPMEPMIPMIPLoopBackMessage(LBM)& LoopBackReply(LBR)

LBM LBR LBM LBR–noresponse

FaultIsolation Step–LoopBackMessages

?LBMor‘MACPing’

?Senton-demandfromsourceto?CanbesentbetweenMEPsandMIPs?Usedtoidentifyfaultlocation

–Noresponsepastbreak?PotentialuseforPMandthroughput (RFC-2544)

’sWhfault

specificdestination

–DestinationfromLTRdiscovery??DestinationsendsbackaLoopBack Reply(LBR)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION48以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)OAM:Y.1731onlyKeyElementsinY.1731only

–DelayMeasurement-1DM(Optional)?Periodicorondemand?One-waydelaymeasurement

?RequiresSynchronizedclocks

–IEEE1588v2 –GPS –Lowlatency,symmetricOAMCoS–DelayMeasurementMessage–DMM (Mandatory)

?Periodicorondemand?Measuresroundtripdelay?Doesnotrequiresynchronizationof clocks

–Dividedby2forone-waydelay estimation–EitherresultgivesyouFrameDelayMEPMEPMIPMIPDMOnewaydelayMIPMIPSynchronizedclocks

Roundtripdelay

MEPDMM

MEPDMRNosynchronizationneededFrameDelayMEF/IETFFDVITUFDV?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION49以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)OAM:Y.1731onlyY.1731only…

–FrameDelayVariation-FDV

?VariationinFrameDelay(FD)

?YoucanALWAYSdoonewayFDV

–Evenifclocksarenotsynchronized –Andyoucan’tdoonewayFD

?TwodistinctinterpretationsofFDV

–MEF&IETF ?SameasInterPacketDelayVariation (RFC-3393) ?Measurementisonlypackettopacket ?ThisisNOTjitter –ITU ?DifferencebetweenminandmaxFDover interval ?Typicallyconsideredjitter

–YoucareaboutbuffersizeforPDH CES–Thisisaresultofjitter!NotIPDVITUFDV5FDMeasurement

Time MEF/IETFFDV

[+1,-1]

IPDV–notJitter

Measurements AreDifferent

Jitter=FDMAX–FDmin?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION50以太網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)OAM:Y.1731only

Y.1731only…

–FrameLossRate(FLR)

?Severaloptionsareavailable

?Continuous

–CountCCMsmissingas% ?‘Synthetic’framelossrate ?WorksforE-LineorE-LAN ?Sampledframelossrate –UseCCMstocountcustomerframes ?Countseverycustomerframeloss ?WorksonlyonE-Line(E-pipe)only ?Realframelossrate –UseDMMFrames(MEF–Inworks) ?Synthetic’framelossrate ?WorksforE-LineorE-LAN ?Sampledframelossrate

?On-Demand

–EthernetLossMeasurement(ETH-LM) –Senton-demand –Makessamemeasurementsasabove?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION51ITU-TY.1731EthernetOAMFunctionsGeneralPrinciples

FaultManagement&Diagnosticfunctionsareusedforfastdetection, verification,localizationandnotificationoffailures

–FaultManagementfunctionsareproactive –Diagnosticfunctionsareon-demandanduseaTransactionID –Bothpoint-to-pointandmultipoint

Alarmsuppressionforserverlayersourceddefects PerformanceManagement

–Point-to-pointonly

OAMFiltering&Transparency(nestedMEs)

–PasstransparentlyOAMframesbelongingtohigherlevelMEGsacross lowerlevelMEGs –FilterOAMframesfromlowerlevelMEG –RespondtoOAMframesfromsame-levelMEP

OAMframesforwardedonsamerouteasuserpayloadETHflow IndependentofCPoranyspecificserverorclientlayernetwork?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION52(Animated)ExampleCC,LB,LTSwitch PortMEPMIPLBMLBRCCMCCMLossofCC (LOC)LossofCC (LOC)1)ConnectivityCheck(CCM)2)Loopback(LBM/LBR)3)LinkTrace(LTM/LTR)LTMLTRAB?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION53PTN的OAM機(jī)制 PTN的OAM機(jī)制，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)類似SDH豐富開銷的能力 實(shí)現(xiàn)分層〔業(yè)務(wù)、管道〕的網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障自動(dòng)檢測(cè)，保護(hù)倒換，性能監(jiān)控，故障定位， 信號(hào)的完整性等功能 業(yè)務(wù)的端到端管理，和級(jí)聯(lián)監(jiān)控 支持連續(xù)和按需的OAM

ClientService(e.g.Ethernet)

TransportServiceT-MPLSChannel

T-MPLSPathT-MPLSSectionDomainADomainBT-MPLSDomainA

T-MPLSDomainBClientServiceFunctionRecommendationProactiveContinuityCheck&ConnectivityVerification(CC&V)ExtendBFD(e.g.maintenanceentities,uniqueglobalidentification,G-ACH,P2MP,etc.)On-demandConnectivityVerification(CV)ExtendLSP-Ping(e.g.maintenanceentities,identifiersotherthanIP,G-ACH,MIPidentification,bypassofCP/DPverification,etc.)AlarmReportingFordata-planeimplementation,defineanewPDUanduseG-ACH.Supportincontrol-planeandmanagement-planeshouldalsobedescribed.LockReportingDefineanewPDUanduseG-ACH.UsethesameproceduresasforAlarmReportingRemoteDefectIndication(RDI)ExtendBFD.SignalwillbepassedviaBFD.RouteTracingExtendLSP-PingLockInstruct(MEP-to-MEP)ExtendLSP-PingClientFaultIndication(CFI)DefineanewPDUanduseG-ACH.PacketLoss(pro-activeandon-demand)DefineanewPDU,useG-ACH.WeintendtobasethefunctionalityonY.1731.DelayMeasurement(pro-activeandon-demand),one-wayandtwo-wayDefineanewPDU,useG-ACH.WeintendtobasethefunctionalityonY.1731.Requiresexpertiseintimesynchronization(asone-waydelaymeasurementisdependentuponacertaindegreeofsynchronizationbetweenthetimeclocksofthetwo-endsofthetransportpath)Diagnostics,on-demand(verifybandwidththroughput,biterrors,loopback,etc.)DefineanewPDU,useG-ACH.Requiresmorestudy.?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION54現(xiàn)有的MPLS-TP的OAM定義

Recommendations?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION55PTN的OAM功能

PTN的OAM機(jī)制可實(shí)現(xiàn)類似SDH豐富開銷的能力，以滿足電信級(jí)網(wǎng) 絡(luò)管理維護(hù)的要求。 PTN的OAM主要功能特征：–支持層次化OAM功能，提供了最多8層〔0～7〕，并且每層支持獨(dú)立的OAM功能，來應(yīng)對(duì)不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)部署策略。一般分為TMC、TMP、TMS和接入鏈路層面–提供與故障管理相關(guān)的OAM功能，實(shí)現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障的自動(dòng)檢測(cè)、查驗(yàn)、故障定位和通知的功能

–在網(wǎng)絡(luò)端口、節(jié)點(diǎn)或鏈路故障時(shí)，通過連續(xù)性檢測(cè)，快速檢測(cè)故障并觸發(fā)保護(hù)

–在故障定位時(shí)，通過環(huán)回檢測(cè)，準(zhǔn)確定位到故障端口、節(jié)點(diǎn)或鏈路–提供與性能監(jiān)視相關(guān)的OAM功能，實(shí)現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的在線測(cè)量和性能上報(bào)功能

–在網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能發(fā)生劣化時(shí)，通過對(duì)丟包率和時(shí)延等性能指標(biāo)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)行 質(zhì)量的監(jiān)控，并觸發(fā)保護(hù)––提供告警和告警抑制相關(guān)的OAM功能

–告警機(jī)制可以保證在網(wǎng)絡(luò)故障時(shí)產(chǎn)生告警，從而及時(shí)、有效關(guān)聯(lián)到故障影響的業(yè)務(wù)

–網(wǎng)絡(luò)底層故障會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量的上層故障，上游故障會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量的下游故障，AIS/FDI等告 警抑制可以屏蔽無效告警提供用于日常維護(hù)的OAM功能，包括環(huán)回、鎖定等操作，為操作人員在日常網(wǎng)絡(luò)檢查中提供了更為方便的維護(hù)操作手段。MEGMaintenanceEntityGroup維護(hù)實(shí)體組MEPMEGEndPointMEG的端點(diǎn)MIPMEGIntermediatePointMEG的中間節(jié)點(diǎn)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION56PPMEPMIPMIPMEPPTN域1PTN域2NNITMP通路層 OAM (域間)CECE接入鏈路OAMTMP通路層OAM (域2)TMP通路層OAM〔LSP〕 (域1)接入鏈路OAMPETMC通道層OAM〔PW〕PUNIUNIPEPE-SPE-S

MEPMEPMIPMEP

MIPMEPMEPMEP MEPMEPMEPMEPMEPMEP

MIPMEPMEPMEPTMS段層OAMTMS段層OAM基于PTN分層模型的層次化OAM機(jī)制

業(yè)務(wù)OAM?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION57OAM幀結(jié)構(gòu) OAM信息包含在特定的OAM幀，并以幀的形式進(jìn)行傳送。 OAM幀：由OAMPDU和外層的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)標(biāo)記棧條目組成。 轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)標(biāo)記棧條目?jī)?nèi)容同其它數(shù)據(jù)分組一樣，用來保證OAM幀在路徑上的正確轉(zhuǎn)發(fā) Lable：20bit，值為13表示OAM幀 發(fā)送周期－3種不同應(yīng)用 故障管理：缺省周期1s〔1幀/秒〕 性能監(jiān)控：缺省周期100ms〔10幀/秒〕 保護(hù)倒換：缺省周期3.33ms〔300幀/秒〕TypeNameTypeName01CV29MCC02FDI2ALMR20LBR2BLMM21LBM2D1DM23LCK2EDMR25TST2FDMM27APS35SSM28SCC37CSF其余字段：Reserved?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION58FunctionType類型〔常用)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION59OAM類型介紹-CC/CV 連續(xù)性檢測(cè)和連通性驗(yàn)證：該功能工作在主動(dòng)模式，源端MEP周 期性發(fā)送該OAM報(bào)文，宿端MEP檢測(cè)兩維護(hù)端點(diǎn)間的連續(xù)性喪失 〔LOC〕故障，以及誤合并、誤連等連通性故障。可用于故障管理、 性能監(jiān)控、保護(hù)倒換。檢測(cè)相同MEG域內(nèi)任意一對(duì)MEP間的信號(hào)連 續(xù)性。 CC-ContinuityandConnectivityCheck–– 傳送CC信息的幀是CV幀，其主要參數(shù)有：?MEGID?本身MEPID?所有目標(biāo)MEPID?發(fā)送周期：3.3ms/10ms/100ms/1s 3倍發(fā)送周期內(nèi)收不到CV幀，產(chǎn)生LOC告警〔lossofcontinuity)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION60OAM類型介紹-AIS、RDI 告警抑制：該功能用于效勞層檢測(cè)到故障后，在效勞層MEP向客戶層上插該 OAM報(bào)文，并轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至客戶層MEP，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)客戶層的告警進(jìn)行壓制，防止大量冗余 告警。 AIS：AlarmIndicationSignal 在效勞層檢測(cè)到故障時(shí)，通知客戶層 使用FDI幀傳送 發(fā)送周期1s 在3倍的接收周期內(nèi)未再收到AIS消息，去除AIS告警 遠(yuǎn)端故障指示：該功能用于將MEP檢測(cè)到故障這一信息通告給對(duì)端MEP。 RDI：RemoteDefectIndicator?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION61OAM類型介紹-LB、TraceRoute

環(huán)回檢測(cè)：該功能工作在按需模式，源端MEP發(fā)送該請(qǐng)求OAM報(bào)文，宿端MIP 或MEP接收該報(bào)文并返回相應(yīng)應(yīng)答OAM報(bào)文。用于驗(yàn)證MEP與MIP或?qū)Χ薓EP間 的雙向連通性，以檢測(cè)節(jié)點(diǎn)間及節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)部故障，進(jìn)行故障定位。 LB：LoopBack

MEP是環(huán)回請(qǐng)求分組的發(fā)起點(diǎn)，環(huán)回的執(zhí)行點(diǎn)可以是MEP或者M(jìn)IP 用于驗(yàn)證MEP之間或者M(jìn)EP和MIP之間的連接性 在MEP之間進(jìn)行雙向的在線或非在線的診斷，測(cè)試帶寬吞吐量、比特誤碼率等 LBM和LBR

蹤跡監(jiān)視：該功能工作在按需模式，源端MEP發(fā)送該請(qǐng)求OAM報(bào)文，所有MIP 及MEP接收該報(bào)文并分別返回相應(yīng)OAM報(bào)文。用于驗(yàn)證MEP與MIP及MEP間的雙 向連通性，以檢測(cè)節(jié)點(diǎn)間及節(jié)點(diǎn)內(nèi)部故障，進(jìn)行故障定位。 TraceRoute?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION62OAM類型介紹-LCK、CSF、TST 鎖定指示：該功能用于為管理維護(hù)目的。中斷業(yè)務(wù)后，源端MEP發(fā)送該OAM報(bào) 文，將該信息通告宿端MEP，并上插客戶層，進(jìn)行告警壓制，防止引起不必要的冗 余告警。 LCK：Lock 用于通知對(duì)端MEP，本端MEP出于管理上的需要，已經(jīng)將正常業(yè)務(wù)中斷 對(duì)端MEP可以判斷業(yè)務(wù)中斷是預(yù)知的，還是由于故障引起的 客戶信號(hào)故障：該功能用于在客戶層自身不支持告警壓制/故障通告機(jī)制時(shí)，發(fā) 送該OAM報(bào)文，將客戶層信號(hào)故障信息轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至對(duì)端MEP，實(shí)現(xiàn)客戶層故障信息傳 遞。 CSF：ClientSignalFail 通告遠(yuǎn)端，本端出現(xiàn)入口客戶信號(hào)失效 TST：Test––一個(gè)MEP向另一個(gè)MEP發(fā)送的測(cè)試請(qǐng)求信號(hào)單方向的在線或非在線的診斷測(cè)試?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION63OAM類型介紹-LM、DM LM：FrameLossMeasurement 用于測(cè)量從一個(gè)MEP到另一個(gè)MEP的單向或雙向喪失率 采用CV幀來測(cè)試SD〔性能劣化〕 DM：PacketDelayandPacketDelayVariationMeasurement––用于測(cè)量從一個(gè)MEP到另一個(gè)MEP的分組傳送時(shí)延和時(shí)延變化單向：收發(fā)兩端時(shí)鐘同步，源端發(fā)送DM幀，宿端在收到DM幀時(shí)計(jì)算單向時(shí)延，使用DM幀測(cè)試–雙向：源端發(fā)送DM請(qǐng)求幀，宿端在收到DM時(shí)回送DM響應(yīng)幀給源端，源端在收到響應(yīng)的DM幀后計(jì)算雙向時(shí)延，使用DMM和DMR?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION64OAM類型介紹-APS、MCC、SCC、SSM

APS:AutomaticProtectionSwitching

由G.8131/G.8132定義，發(fā)送APS幀

MCC:ManagementCommunicationChannel

發(fā)送MCC管理通道信息

SCC:SignallingCommunicationChannel

用于一個(gè)MEP向?qū)Φ萂EP發(fā)送控制平面信息

SSM：SynchronisationStatusMessage–由G.8261定義，發(fā)送SSM幀Agenda1)I.II.III.IV.V.VI.VII.2)?2021JDSU.Allrightsreserved.JDSUCONFIDENTIAL&PROPRIETARYINFORMATION66PTN的QoS機(jī)制Eth接口Eth接口供系統(tǒng)分類使用 流量監(jiān)控對(duì)流量進(jìn)行控制整形使業(yè)務(wù)流輸出的速率符合業(yè)務(wù)模型的規(guī)定；根據(jù)特定規(guī)那么丟棄分組，打標(biāo)記設(shè)置報(bào)文的DS域〔或IP優(yōu)先級(jí)〕 擁塞控制根據(jù)隊(duì)列狀態(tài)進(jìn)行有選擇性的丟包〔尾丟棄算法