高考英語(yǔ)(精講精練精析)專(zhuān)題-閱讀表達(dá)閱讀簡(jiǎn)答試題(含解析)

定額市鞍鋼陽(yáng)光實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校專(zhuān)題29閱讀表達(dá)、閱讀簡(jiǎn)答（天津）,天津高考英語(yǔ)卷也采用了閱讀表達(dá)這一題型。這種題型以閱讀理解為基礎(chǔ),要求考生在讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ)上,用規(guī)定的詞數(shù)簡(jiǎn)要地回答有關(guān)問(wèn)題;考查考生的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力和概括能力,比傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解題型更具綜合性和主觀性,更能體現(xiàn)對(duì)考生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的考查。所選用的閱讀材料題材、文體與傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解短文沒(méi)有太大的區(qū)別,多以故事和說(shuō)明文為主,長(zhǎng)度一般為300詞左右,結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,通俗易懂。在問(wèn)題設(shè)置上，閱讀表達(dá)題一般設(shè)有五個(gè)小題(每小題2分),閱讀簡(jiǎn)答題則一般設(shè)有三個(gè)小題(每小題2分)。在形式上,閱讀表達(dá)題相對(duì)豐富些,有填空和問(wèn)題簡(jiǎn)答等,而閱讀簡(jiǎn)答題則主要以問(wèn)題簡(jiǎn)答為主。考查的方向基本上可分為四大類(lèi):一是詞匯語(yǔ)義類(lèi),要求考生從文中找到一個(gè)與所給生詞或短語(yǔ)意義最接近的替換詞,考查學(xué)生聯(lián)系上下文理解詞義的能力;二是細(xì)節(jié)查找類(lèi),針對(duì)文章某細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容提問(wèn),要求考生用規(guī)定的詞數(shù)回答問(wèn)題;三是主旨大意類(lèi),針對(duì)文章主旨提問(wèn),考查考生對(duì)文章中心思想或作者態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等的把握;四是考生個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)類(lèi),問(wèn)考生讀完文章后對(duì)文中故事或人物的看法?？傊?這種題型將答題主觀性與客觀性相結(jié)合,突出思維的開(kāi)放性,給考生提供廣闊的思維空間,能全面、客觀地考查考生“讀、寫(xiě)、思”等方面的能力。【考點(diǎn)定位】2017考綱解讀和近幾年考點(diǎn)分布從近幾年的天津高考閱讀表達(dá)題來(lái)看，該題型的測(cè)試目的是從多方位多角度考查考生通過(guò)閱讀獲取信息、處理信息并進(jìn)行書(shū)面表達(dá)的能力。比傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解題型更具綜合性和主觀性，更能體現(xiàn)對(duì)考生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的考查。1.閱讀表達(dá)的題材和體裁與傳統(tǒng)的閱讀短文沒(méi)有太大的區(qū)別，文章長(zhǎng)度大致相同或比傳統(tǒng)的閱讀短文略短，總閱讀量不會(huì)太大（約200~300詞）。2.生詞量較大，有許多超“標(biāo)”詞匯，要求考生憑借上下文語(yǔ)境及生活常識(shí)予以推測(cè)感知。3.語(yǔ)篇意識(shí)和思維靈活性有所強(qiáng)化，文章的結(jié)構(gòu)層次性更強(qiáng)。閱讀表達(dá)題型具有多樣性，概括起來(lái)一般采用以下7種形式：?jiǎn)栴}類(lèi)型常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題主旨概括What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?Whatisthepurposeofthewriter’swritingthispassage?What’sthemainideaofthepassage/article?填空Pleasefillintheblankinthepassagewithapropersentence/properwordsorphrases.翻譯句子Translatetheunderlinedsentenceinthe…paragraphintoChinese.同意句替換Pleasefindoutthesentenceinthepassagewhichcanbereplacedbythefollowingone.封閉性問(wèn)題Regularclose-endedwh-questionsbasedonthepassage.開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題Whatwouldyoudoifyou…?Whatothersuggestionswouldyougive?Howwouldyousettletheproblemifyou…?其他類(lèi)型…每年的高考題將會(huì)從以上的七種類(lèi)型中選出五類(lèi),問(wèn)題的順序也會(huì)結(jié)合問(wèn)題的信息點(diǎn)在文章中出現(xiàn)的順序進(jìn)行排列.其他類(lèi)型的題目屬于不確定題型,是根據(jù)文章題材和體裁的具體特點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)的,與以上六種題型不同的問(wèn)題類(lèi)型.為了控制考生在該試題上所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間,在每一個(gè)需要考生回答的問(wèn)題后面都有具體字?jǐn)?shù)的要求(翻譯句子題除外).【考點(diǎn)pk】名師考點(diǎn)透析高考題型:Fillintheblankinparagraph3withapropersentence.(within10words);Fillintheblankinparagraph4withproperwords.(Pleaseanswerwithin6words.)解題策略:整體理解,仔細(xì)推敲,注意上下文的邏輯性,關(guān)注文中表示對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折、遞進(jìn)、并列、因果等關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),用適當(dāng)單詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的正確形式填空;把握作者的思路,簡(jiǎn)練表達(dá),切忌偏離主題、斷章取義;放回原文中檢查,確保上下文連貫,語(yǔ)法正確?？键c(diǎn)三、翻譯句子該題型要求將短文中指定的句子翻譯成通順的漢語(yǔ)。高考題型:Youareperfectlywithintheboundsofpo-litenessinrespondingtoamarathone-mailwithabriefreply解題策略:分析把握句子結(jié)構(gòu);遵循忠實(shí)通順的原則,表達(dá)完整;注意英漢語(yǔ)序的差異,譯文要求符合漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣;翻譯關(guān)鍵詞;語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練?？键c(diǎn)四、英文釋義該題型要求根據(jù)所給的英文釋義句子,在短文中尋找相同的句子。此類(lèi)試題較簡(jiǎn)單,相當(dāng)于傳統(tǒng)閱讀理解中的轉(zhuǎn)換理解,答案較固定。一般出題方式:Whichsentenceinthepassagecanbreplacedbythefollowingone?例如:Whichsentenceintpassageistheclosestinmeaningtothefollowingone?Tpossibleexistenceofannoyanceresultsfromourinabilitysortoute-mails.解題策略:通過(guò)上下文,整體理解所給句子;分析所給句子的結(jié)構(gòu)、含義、實(shí)際用意;在文中找相同含義的句子;不能增加或減少,所找句子必須準(zhǔn)確、完整?？键c(diǎn)五、封閉型問(wèn)題該題型要求學(xué)生結(jié)合文中某個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行解答。一般出題方式有:RegularWh-Questionsbasedonthpassage.例如:Whatadviceisgiveninthelastparagrap(within10words)(高考);Listthreeactivitiesthmightdevelopintoaddictionsbasedonthetext.(Pleaseaswerwithin8words.)(高考)解題策略:面對(duì)該類(lèi)問(wèn)題,學(xué)生可以結(jié)合文中的具體依據(jù)進(jìn)行回答,答案是固定的、唯一的?？键c(diǎn)六、開(kāi)放型問(wèn)題該題型要求學(xué)生結(jié)合個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度進(jìn)行表述。一般出題方式有:whatwouldyoudoifyouwere.Whatdoyouthink...?Whichof...doyouthinkisthebestfyou,why?解題策略:面對(duì)該類(lèi)題型,學(xué)生可以依據(jù)自己的看法結(jié)合原文理解作出回答,注意揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短,避難就易。每年的高考題將會(huì)從以上的七種類(lèi)型中選出五類(lèi)，問(wèn)題的順序也會(huì)結(jié)合問(wèn)題的信息點(diǎn)在文章種出現(xiàn)的順序進(jìn)行排列。其他類(lèi)型的題目屬于不確定題型，是根據(jù)文章題材和體裁的具體特點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)的與以上六種題型不同的問(wèn)題類(lèi)型。還有就是為了控制考生在該試題上所化肥的時(shí)間，在每一個(gè)需要考生回答的問(wèn)題后面都有具體字?jǐn)?shù)的要求（翻譯句子和句子填空題除外）【三年高考】14、15、高考試題及其解析高考試題[2016·天津卷]閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。I'ma34-year-oldman,married,liveinanicehouse,andhaveasuccessfulcareerasaneducationalconsultant.Butmylifewasnotalwayssogreat.Ihadalearningdisabilityfromanearlyage.IwenttoaspecialschoolwhereIgotplentyofextrahelp.Still,Isufferedtherestofmyschooldaysinpublicschools.MylifeimprovedremarkablywhenIdiscoveredart.Theartworldgavemeachancetoexpressmyselfwithoutwords.Iwenttoaworkshopandgraduallygotgoodatmakingthingswithclay(黏土).HereIlearnedmyfirstimportantlesson:disabledasIwasinlanguage,Icouldstillbesmartandwellexpressmyselfwithclay.Andmyconfidencecamealong.Igotmynextlessonfromrockclimbing.ItwasafunthingbutIwasscaredfromthestart.Isoonnoticeditwasn'tatalentthing;itwaspractice.SoIdiditmore.Afteraboutfiveyearsofclimbing,IfoundmyselfinYosemiteValleyonabigwall.Ilearnedthatifyoufallinlovewithsomethinganddoitallthetime,youwillgetbetteratit.LaterIdecidedtoapplymypreviousexperiencetolearninghowtoreadandwrite.EverydayIpractisedreadingandwriting,whichIusedtoavoidasmuchaspossible.Aftertwohardyears,I__was__literate．Havinggonethroughthelongprocesswithart,rockclimbing,andreadingandwriting,nowI'vegottoapointinmylifewhereIknowIamsmartenoughtodiveintoanareathatistotallyunknown,hard,butinteresting.56．Whatmadetheauthor'sschooldaysdifficult?(Nomorethan5words)________________________________________________________________________57．Whydidartgivetheauthorconfidence?(Nomorethan10words)________________________________________________________________________58．Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromrockclimbing?(Nomorethan15words)________________________________________________________________________59．WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartinParagraph4?(Nomorethan5words)________________________________________________________________________60．Howdoestheauthor'sstoryinspireyoutoovercomedifficultiesinlife?Putitinyourownwords.(Nomorethan20words)________________________________________________________________________【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。雖然作者現(xiàn)在是一位成功的教育顧問(wèn)，但他從小就有學(xué)習(xí)障礙。他通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)、攀巖等克服了困難。他也用那些方法去練習(xí)閱讀和寫(xiě)作，結(jié)果獲得了成功。作者從自己的經(jīng)歷中認(rèn)識(shí)到：只要自己下工夫，有決心，就能克服困難。56.(His)learningdisability.Or:Havingalearningdisability.Or:Thathewaslearningdisabled.Or:Hehadalearningdisability.57．Hecouldbesmartandexpresshimselfwithclay.Or:Artcouldhelphimexpresshimselfwithoutwords.Or:Hecouldwellexpresshimselfwithclay/art.58.Ifyouenjoysomethingandkeepdoingit,youwillgetbetteratit.Or:Themoreyoupractisesomething,thebetteratityouwillbecome.Or:Practicemakesperfect.Or:Practiceleadstosuccess.59.Icouldreadandwrite.60.Weshouldnotloseheartinthefaceofdifficulties.Ifweworkhard,wewillfindawayout.Or:Theauthor'sstorytellsmethatIshouldbeconfidentandpractisehardtoovercomedifficultiesinmylife.Or:Weshouldovercomeourweaknessesandfearswithcourageanddetermination.高考試題[2015·天津卷]閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。Sixdaysaweek,upanddowntheredhillsofnorth-eastGeorgia,mygrandfatherbroughtthemailtothefolksthere.Atage68,heretiredfromthepostoffice,butheneverstoppedservingthecommunity. Onhis80thbirthday,Isenthimaletter,notingthethingsweallshouldbethankfulfor—goodhealth,goodfriendsandgoodoutcomes.Bymostmeasurementshewasahappyman.ThenIsuggesteditwastimeforhimtoslowdown.Atlonglast,inacomfortablehome,withagenerouspension,heshouldlearntotakethingseasy. “Thankyouforyournicewords，”hewroteinhisletterback,“andIknowwhatyoumeant,butslowingdownscaresme.Lifeisn'thavingitmade;it'sgettingitmade.” “Thefinestandhappiestyearsofourliveswerenotwhenallthedebtswerepaid,andalldifficultexperienceshadpassed,andwehadsettledintoacomfortablehome.No.Igobackyearsago,whenwelivedinathree-roomhouse,whenwegotupbeforedaylightandworkedtillafterdarktomakeendsmeet.Irarelyhadmorethanfourhoursofsleep.ButwhatIstillcan'tfigureoutiswhyInevergottired,neverfeltbetterinmylife.Iguesstheansweris,wewerefightingforsurvival,protectingandprovidingforthoseweloved.Whatmattersarenotthegreatmoments,butthepartialvictories,thewaiting,andeventhedefeats.It'sthejourney,notthearrival,thatcounts.” Theletterendedwithapersonalrequest:“Boy,onmynextbirthday,justtellmetowakeupandgetgoing,becauseIwillhaveonelessyeartodothings—andtherearetenmillionthingswaitingtobedone.”ChristinaRossetti,anEnglishpoet,oncesaid:“Doestheroadwinduphillalltheway?Yes,totheveryend.”Today,at96,my_grandfather_is_still_on_that_long_road,_climbing.56.Whatwastheauthor'sgrandfatherbeforeheretired?(nomorethan5words)57.Whatdidtheauthoradvisehisgrandfathertodoinhisletter?(nomorethan10words)58.Whatisthegrandfather'sviewonlifeaccordingtohisletterback?(nomorethan10words)59.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?(nomorethan10words)60.Doyouagreewiththegrandfather'sviewonlife?Givereasonsinyourownwords.(nomorethan20words)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“ThenIsuggesteditwastimeforhimtoslowdown.”可知答案。58.Theprocessismoreimportantthantheresult.Or:Amanshouldnotslowdownhoweveroldheis.Or:Lifeisn'thavingitmade;it'sgettingitmade./It'sthejourney,notthearrival,thatcounts.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Lifeisn'thavingitmade；it'sgettingitmade.”和第四段的“It'sthejourney,notthearrival,thatcounts.”可知祖父認(rèn)為過(guò)程比結(jié)果重要。59.My/His/Thegrandfatherisstillbusydoingmeaningfulthings.Or:Thegrandfatherisstilllivinganactivelife.Or:Thegrandfatherisstillinvolvedinwhateverhecando.句意理解題。綜合上文內(nèi)容可知祖父一直在堅(jiān)持做有意義的事情。60.Yes.Oneshouldalwaysbefullofpassioninhislifenomatterhowoldheis.Or:Peopleshouldmakefulluseoftheirtimetodosomethingmeaningful.No.Itismoresensibleforpeopletoslowdownandenjoyaneasylifeintheiroldage.Or:Slowingdowncontributestobetterhealthandlongerlifeforpeopleinoldage.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題?？蛇m當(dāng)發(fā)揮，敘述合理即可。高考試題[2014·天津卷]閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。LastDecember,DorisLowturned90.OnceaweekshestilldrivestotheCanadianNationalInstitutefortheBlind(CNIB)inToronto,whereshehelpstransformliteratureintobraille(盲文)tobringthepowerofstoryandknowledgetotheheartsandmindsofblindreaders.Shehasbeenvolunteeringhertimeandtalentstosuchenterprisesformorethan40years.Afterworkinginthebusinessworldforawhile,Lowgotfedup.Sosheturnedtoteachingatatechnicalschoolandlatermovedintothelibrary.Low'smotherlikedreading.Ashereyesbegantofail,Lowreadtoher.Then“hearinganadvertisementencouragingpeopletolearnbraille,Idecidedtogiveitatry.”In1973,shewascertifiedasabrailletranscriber(轉(zhuǎn)譯者)andbegantranscribingbooksasavolunteerfortheCNIBlibrary.Thejobwasstrenuous—shecouldgettotheendofapage,makeamistakeonthelastline,andhavetodothewholethingagain.Foranumberofyears,LowalsoworkedintheCNIBsoundstudioreadingbooksontotape.Threeyearsago,shetookupproofreading(校對(duì))attheCNIB'swordfactory.InApril,duringVolunteerWeek,theCNIBrecognizedLowforhergreatcontributions.ThankstovolunteerslikeLow,theCNIBlibraryhasgotmorethan80，000accessiblematerialsforpeopleunabletoreadtraditionalprint.“Ican'timaginehowmanyreadersofallageshavebenefitedfromDoris'contributionasaskilledvolunteerthroughherrichvoiceandherhighdegreeofaccuracyinthehundredsofbooksshehasbrailledandproofreadovertheyears—andsheisstilldoingso，”saidaCNIBofficial.“Forme，”saidLow,“theCNIBismorethanjustaplacetovolunteer.Threethingsmattermostinmylife:alittleplay,alittlework,alittlelove.I'vefoundthemallhere.”56.WhatdoesLowstilldoattheageof90attheCNIB?(nomorethan10words)57.WhydidLowlearnbraille?(nomorethan15words)58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“strenuous”mostprobablymean？(1word)59.WhatareLow'scontributionstotheCNIB?(nomorethan15words)60.WhatdoyouthinkofLow?Giveyourreasons.(nomorethan20words)【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了DorisLow從年輕時(shí)就成為一名志愿者為那些聽(tīng)力有問(wèn)題的人讀書(shū)，將書(shū)中的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)在磁帶上，還作為轉(zhuǎn)譯者將普通的書(shū)譯成布拉耶文(即盲文)?，F(xiàn)年她已經(jīng)90歲了，依舊在做志愿工作。56.Shehelpstransformliteratureintobraille(forblindreaders/theblind).根據(jù)第一段中的“…whereshehelpstransformliteratureintobraille…”可知，DorisLow在90歲時(shí)依舊在幫忙把文學(xué)作品翻譯成盲文。57.(Because)hermother'seyesbegantofailandsheheardan/theadvertisement.根據(jù)第三段中的“Ashereyesbegantofail,Lowreadtoher…，‘hearinganadvertisementencouragingpeopletolearnbraille,Idecidedtogiveitatry.’”可知Low學(xué)盲文是因?yàn)樗赣H的視力下降，而且正好聽(tīng)到了一則鼓勵(lì)人們學(xué)盲文的廣告。58.Difficult/Hard/Tiring/Tough.根據(jù)畫(huà)線單詞后的內(nèi)容“…shecouldgettotheendofapage,makeamistakeonthelastline,andhavetodothewholethingagain.”可知將書(shū)譯成盲文是非常難的，故用difficult/hard/tiring/though等詞匯。59.Shehasbrailledandproofreadhundredsofbooks,andreadbooksontotape.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“…theCNIBrecognizedLowforhergreatcontributions.”可知contributions后面的內(nèi)容都是Low作出的貢獻(xiàn)。重點(diǎn)的貢獻(xiàn)就是“…throughherrichvoiceandherhighdegreeofaccuracyinthehundredsofbooksshehasbrailledandproofread…”將句子進(jìn)行整合就構(gòu)成本題的答案。高考試題【2013天津卷】閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題：每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。MynameisClara.IstillrememberthatchillyDecemberday,sittinginscienceclass.I’dfinishedaworksheetearlyandpickedupaTimeforKidsmagazine.Apieceofnewscaughtmyeye.NASAwasholdinganessaycontesttonameitsMarsrover(火星探測(cè)器).BeforeIevenknewanythingelseaboutit,asinglewordfloodedmy11-year-oldmind:Curiosity.Icouldn’twaitforthebelltoringsoIcouldgetstartedonmyessay.Thatafternoon,Iracedhome,satdownatthecomputer,andtypeduntilmyfingersached.“Curiosityisaneverlastingflamethatburnsineveryone’smind…”Fivemonthslater,mymomreceivedaphonecall,andimmediately,awidesmilespreadacrossherface.OnAugust5,2012,at10:31p.m.,therovernamedCuriositytoucheddownsafelyonthesurfaceofMars,andIwashonoredtohaveafront-rowseatinNASA.CuriosityissuchanimportantpartofwhoIam.Ihavealwaysbeenfascinatedbythestars,theplanets,theskyandtheuniverse.Irememberasalittlegirl,mygrandmotherandIwouldsittogetherinthebackyardforhours.She’dtellmestoriesandpointoutthestars.GrandmalivedinChina,thousandsofmilesawayfrommyhomeinKansas,butthestarskeptustogetherevenwhenwewereapart.Theywerealwaysthere,yettherewassomuchIdidn’tknowaboutthem.That’swhatIlovesomuchaboutspace.PeopleoftenaskmewhywegotofarawayplaceslikeMars.Myanswerissimplebecausewe’recurious.Wehumanbeingsdonotjustholeupinoneplace.Weareconstantlywonderingandtryingtofindoutwhat’soverthehillandbeyondthehorizon.【文章大意】這篇文章介紹了作者為什么給火星探測(cè)器命名為Curiosity：因?yàn)楹闷娌艜?huì)進(jìn)步、發(fā)展。56.HowdidClaragetthenewsabouttheessaycontest?(nomorethan10words)[答案]ByreadingaTimeforKidsmagazine.Or:FromaTimeforKidsmagazine[解析]文章的第一段第二句話“I’dfinishedaworksheetearlyandpickedupaTimeforKidsmagazine”明確指明了來(lái)源。對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)就是語(yǔ)言的組織問(wèn)題了。題干中的thenews暗示了答案可能出現(xiàn)的位置，又因?yàn)楹竺媸钦務(wù)摳?jìng)賽的內(nèi)容，所以我們知道答案應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在前面那句話中。[考點(diǎn)定位]考查對(duì)文章的細(xì)節(jié)理解能力。一般根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息去定位答案，然后根據(jù)文章的意思就能很快的找到答案。57.WhydidClarahaveafront-rowseatinNASA?(nomorethan10words)[答案]ShewontheessaycontestheldbyNASA.Or:ShenamedtheMarsrover“Curiosity”.Or:“Curiosity”waschosenasthenameoftheMarsrover.[解析]題干中的關(guān)鍵信息“afront-rowseatinNASA”告訴我們答案可能在第四段，第四段中有一個(gè)“therovernamedCuriosity”再結(jié)合第二段中的“Curiosityisan…”的句子，我們就能得出正確答案了。[考點(diǎn)定位]考查細(xì)節(jié)理解能力。一般根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息去定位答案，然后根據(jù)文章的意思就能很快的找到答案。58.WhatdoesClararememberaboutthetimespentwithGrandma?(nomorethan15words)[答案]ShesattogetherwithGrandmalisteningtoherstoriesaboutstars.Or:Hergrandmatoldherstoriesaboutstars.Or:Theysattogethertalkingaboutstars.[解析]關(guān)鍵信息“thetimespentwithGrandma”說(shuō)明答案應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在倒數(shù)第2段：Irememberasalittlegirl,mygrandmotherandIwouldsittogetherinthebackyardforhours.She’dtellmestoriesandpointoutthestars.學(xué)生在組織語(yǔ)言的時(shí)候要把人物和事件都概括進(jìn)來(lái)。[考點(diǎn)定位]考查細(xì)節(jié)理解能力。學(xué)生在組織語(yǔ)言時(shí)必須把人物和事件概括好。59.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“holeup”mean?(1word)[答案]Stay/Remain/Live/Hide[考點(diǎn)定位]考查推測(cè)生詞的能力。一定要把握好語(yǔ)境，有時(shí)要考慮搭配。60.Inyouropinion,whyiscuriosityimportant?(nomorethan20words)[答案]Curiosityisimportantbecauseitleadstodiscoveryorinventions.Or:Withcuriosity,wekeepaskingquestionsandexploringtheworldunknown.Or:Curiositydrivesusthroughourlivessothatweneverstopwonderingaboutthethingsbeyondourknowledge.[解析]這是一個(gè)開(kāi)放性的問(wèn)題，理解了原文之后，就比較容易回答了。但是，回答時(shí)一定不要偏離了文章的中心。文章多次提到curiosity或curious，我們要對(duì)除了專(zhuān)有名詞之外的地方進(jìn)行概括提煉，揣摩作者的意思。[考點(diǎn)定位]考查學(xué)生概括能力和組織語(yǔ)言能力。對(duì)出現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞的對(duì)方要進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)，在揣摩了作者的意圖之后，組織語(yǔ)言。高考試題[2012·天津卷]閱讀短文，并按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。Bornin1949,DianaNyadtookanearlyinterestinswimmingasasportandwasaFloridaStateFortenyearsNyaddevotedherselftobecomingoneoftheworld'sbestlong-distanceswimmers.In1970,sheswamaten-milemarathoninLakeOntario,settingthewomen'srecordforthecourse.In1972shesetanotherrecordbyswimming102.5milesfromanislandintheBahamastothecoastofFlorida.ThenshebrokeathirdrecordwhenswimmingaroundNyadattemptedtoswimthedistancebetweenFloridaandCubain1978.Thoughthespanofwaterislessthan100mileswide,itisroughanddangerous.Afterbattlingthewaterfortwodays,shehadtogiveupforthesakeofherownhealthandsafety.Evenso,sheimpressedtheworldwithhercourageandstrongdesiretosucceed.ForNyadherstrengthofpurposewasjustasimportantasreachingCuba.Thatishowshedefinedsuccess.Itdidnotmatterthatherswimcameupshort;shebelievedshehadtouchedtheothershore.WhenNyadendedhercareerasaswimmer,shecontinuedtotrynewthings—travellingtheworldasareporter,writingbooksandgivingpublicspeechesaboutherlife.DianaNyadworkstoinspireothers,justasshedidwhensheswamthewatersoftheworld.56．WhatpreventedNyadfromtakingpartintheOlympicGames？(Nomorethan5words)________________________________________________________________________57．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obstacles”mean？(1word)________________________________________________________________________58．WhatachievementdidNyadmakein1970？(Nomorethan10words)________________________________________________________________________59．WhydidNyadbelievethatshehadtouchedtheothershore？(Nomorethan10words)________________________________________________________________________60．PleaseexplainhowyouareinspiredbyNyad.(Nomorethan20words)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[答案]56．Aseriousillness(did)．57．Difficulties/Problems/Trouble(s)/Challenges.58．Sheswamaten-milemarathonandsetthewomen'srecord./Sheswamaten-milemarathon,settingthewomen'srecord./Shesetthewomen'srecordforaten-milemarathonswimming.59．Becauseshehadtriedherbest(tofulfillthetask)．/HerstrengthofpurposewasasimportantasreachingCuba.60．Iamencouragedbyherdeterminationandstrongwill./Iaminspiredbyhercourageandstrongdesiretosucceed./FromherIlearnedthatoncewesetagoal,weshouldtryhardtoachieveit./Weshouldnevergiveupinthefaceofdifficulty/failure./Weshouldneverstoptryingnewthingsandwemayachievesuccessindifferentfields.【兩年模擬】2015、2016名校模擬題及其答案解析2016名校模擬題【高三一?！块喿x表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）閱讀下面短文，并按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。WhenIwasgrowingup,Iwasembarrassedtobeseenwithmyfather.Hewasseverelylameandveryshort,andwhenwewouldwalktogether,hishandonmyarmforbalance,peoplewouldstare.Iwouldfeelashamedattheunwantedattention.Ifheevernoticedorwasbothered,heneverleton,

nordidhesayanythingaboutit.Itwasdifficulttocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào))oursteps—hispausing,myimpatience—andbecauseofthat,wedidn’tsaymuchaswewentalong.Butaswestartedout,healwayssaid,“Yousetthepace,Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou.”O(jiān)urusualwalkwastoorfromthesubway,whichwashowhegottowork.Hewenttoworksick,anddespitebadweather.Healmostnevermissedaday,andwouldmakeittotheofficeevenifotherscouldnot.Amatterofpride.Whensnoworicewasontheground,itwasimpossibleforhimtowalk,evenwithhelp.AtsuchtimesmysistersorIwouldpullhimthroughthestreetsofBrooklyn,NY,onachild’ssleightothesubwayentrance.Oncethere,hewouldgraspthehandrailuntilhereachedthelowerstepsthatthewarmertunnelairkeptice-free.InManhattanthesubwaystationwasthebasementofhisofficebuilding,andhewouldnothavetogooutsideuntilwemethiminWhenIthinkofitnow,Iwonderedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenforagrownmantosubjecthimselftosuchindignityandstress.Andathowhedidit—withoutbitternessorcomplaint.Henevertalkedabouthimselfasanobjectofpity,nordidheshowanyenvyofthemorefortunateorable.Whathelookedforinotherswasa“goodheart”,andifhefoundone,theownerwasgoodenoughforhim.NowthatIamolder,Ibelievethatisaproperstandardbywhichtojudgepeople,eventhoughIstilldon’tknowpreciselywhata“goodheart”is.ButIknowthetimesIdon’thaveonemyself.Myfatherhasbeengonemanyyearsnow,butIthinkofhimoften.Iwonderifhesensedmyunwillingnesstobeseenwithhimduringourwalks.Ifhedid,IamsorryInevertoldhimhowsorryIwas,howunworthyIwas,howIregrettedit.IthinkofhimwhenIcomplainaboutincident,whenIamenviousofanother’sgoodfortune,whenIdon’thavea“goodheart”.AtsuchtimesIputmyhandonhisarmtoregainmybalance,andsay,“Yousetthepace,Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou.”56.Whatwouldn’ttheauthorlikeotherstosee?(Nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________57.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“l(fā)eton”inthefirstparagraph?(Nomorethan5words)________________________________________________________________________58.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whatconclusioncanyougetaboutthefather’sattitudetowardhiswork?(Nomorethan8words)_________________________________________________________________________59.Findanexampleinthepassagethatshowsthefatherwasamanwitha“goodheart”.(Nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________60.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromhisfather?(Nomorethan15words)_________________________________________________________________________【答案】56.Hisfatherwascrippledandcouldn’tkeepbalance57.Showedhisfeelings/Toldothershisfeelings58.Helovedhiswork/Hetookhisworkseriously./Hewasstrictinhiswork59.Hesubjectedhimselftoindignityandstress./Henevertalkedabouthimselfasanobjectofpity/Hedidn’tshowanyenvyofthemorefortunateorable.60.Tobeamanwithagoodheart【解析】試題分析：本文主要講述了作者對(duì)自己生有殘疾卻從不怨天尤人保持一顆“善良的心”的父親的懷念和對(duì)自己年輕時(shí)羞于與父親在一起的悔恨56.Hisfatherwascrippledandcouldn’tkeepbalance考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段提到WhenIwasgrowingup,Iwasembarrassedtobeseenwithmyfather.Hewasseverelylameandveryshort,andwhenwewouldwalktogether,hishandonmyarmforbalance,peoplewouldstare.當(dāng)我在長(zhǎng)大時(shí)，我提到父親很尷尬，他是瘸的，很矮，當(dāng)我們一起走路時(shí)，他的手挎著我的胳膊來(lái)保持平衡，人們會(huì)瞪著眼睛看，故Hisfatherwascrippledandcouldn’tkeepbalance57.Showedhisfeelings/Toldothershisfeelings考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段提到Ifheevernoticedorwasbothered,heneverleton,

nordidhesayanythingaboutit如果他注意到或被打擾，他不能表達(dá)自己的感覺(jué)，也不會(huì)說(shuō)什么。58.Helovedhiswork/Hetookhisworkseriously./Hewasstrictinhiswork考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段提到Hewenttoworksick,anddespitebadweather.Healmostnevermissedaday他帶病上班，盡管有惡劣的天氣，不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)一天，故很熱愛(ài)這份工作?？键c(diǎn)：閱讀表達(dá)?！靖呷聦W(xué)期第一次模擬】閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）Whenmyfriendswenttocollegeingreatdelight,Irestartedmyseniorhighschoollife．Myspiritsank．Surroundedbystrangeclassmates,IfeltlikeIwasinamazeandwassorryaboutmyself．Thereweresomecomplexfeelingsinmyminds．Iwasfrightened,nervousandlonely．Tomakemattersworse,Irecalledmyfailureagainandagain,whichputmorepressureonmethanIcouldbear．Asaresult,Iwasalwaysfeelingdownduringclasstime．Myteacherfoundmespiritless．Onedayheaskedmetocometohisofficeandtoldmeabouthisattitudetowardslife:wemightsufferfrommistakes,butit’simportanttolearnlessonsfromthem．Allthepainsandtheembarrassingthingsweexperiencearepartoftheprocess．Sokeepupyourspirit!Atlast,headded,“Ifyouareoptimistic,thingsyouwantmayhappentoyou!”Warmthrushedthroughmysoul．IsuddenlyfoundthesunshiningagainwhenIsteppedoutofhisoffice．Withtheteacher’shelp,Ieventuallygotovermydepression．Fromthenon,Inolongerbowedmyheadandbegansmilingtomyclassmates．Iwouldputupmyhandconfidentlyinclassandplaywithmynewfriendsinmysparetime．Meanwhile,Iwasgraduallyembracedbymyclassmates．Nowfacedwithfiercecompetition,weallstudyhardbecauseweknowthateverysecondcounts．Moreover,thereisanatmosphereofmutualtrustandrespectbetweenus．Ilovemyclass;Ilovemyclassmates!Tobefrank,Istillhaveathirstformydreamuniversity,butI’mnotafraidoffailurebecauseIcanprofitbyit．Withparentsandteachers’encouragement,I’mquitecertainofmysuccessandI’msureIcanflyhigh．56.Whywasthewriterinlowspiritsatthebeginning?（Nomorethan10words）____________________________________________________________________57.Whatdidtheteacherexpectthewritertodo?（Nomorethan10words）____________________________________________________________________58.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?（Nomorethan15words）___________________________________________________________________59.Theunderlinedword“embraced”inparagraph5means______．（Nomorethan5words）____________________________________________________________________60.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoffailurenow?（Nomorethan10words）____________________________________________________________________【答案】56.Becausehecouldnotgotocollege57.Theteacherexpectedhimtobeoptimistic58.Withtheteacher'shelp,heeventuallygotoverhisdepression59.Accepted/Welcomed.60.Hethinkshecanbenefitfromfailure【解析】試題分析：本文敘述了作者由于沒(méi)有考上大學(xué)去復(fù)課，心情很糟糕，被老師看在眼里，于是作者在老師的開(kāi)導(dǎo)下，自己放開(kāi)了思想，與同學(xué)的關(guān)系相處的好了，并且能夠正確理解失敗并能從中吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)56.Becausehecouldnotgotocollege根據(jù)Whenmyfriendswenttocollegeingreatdelight,Irestartedmyseniorhighschoollife其他的同學(xué)都上大學(xué)了而作者卻要復(fù)課，所以心情不好，故用Becausehecouldnotgotocollege57.Theteacherexpectedhimtobeoptimistic根據(jù)Ifyouareoptimistic,thingsyouwantmayhappentoyou!”可知老師想要作者保持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度，故用Theteacherexpectedhimtobeoptimistic考點(diǎn)：閱讀表達(dá)?！靖呷诙文M】閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。Ayoungladywasstandingonthecornerwithamapinherhand.Shelookedpuzzled.Severalpeoplepassedby,lookedatherbutdidnotstop.Iwonderedwhy.Maybeitwasbecauseofthewayshewasdressed.Sheworeadirtydressandlookedpale.AsIcrossedthestreetandcameclosertoherIaskedifshewantedhelp.Shethankedmeandsmiledinrelief.Asitturnedoutshewaslookingforthehospital.