南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解合集

目錄2011年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解2012年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解2013年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解2014年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解2015年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解2016年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解2017年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解2018年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解

2011年南京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)考研真題及詳解Ⅰ.VocabularyandStructure(20points)Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenwritedownyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.1.Heprovedhimselfa______successortotheformerPrimeMinister.A.worthwhileB.worthinessC.worthyD.worth【答案】C【解析】句意：他證明了自己是前首相的一個(gè)值得考慮的繼任者。worthy表示“值得尊重或者考慮的”，用這一意思時(shí)通常做定語(yǔ)。worthwhile意思是“值得花費(fèi)時(shí)間、金錢(qián)或精力的”。worthiness是worthy的名詞形式。worth用作表語(yǔ)，意思是“有某種價(jià)值的；值得（做某

事）”。本句需要填入一個(gè)作定語(yǔ)的形容詞，因此正確答案選C。2.Hecomesfromapoorcountryvillageinthemountains,soit’sveryhardforhimtopaythewholeschoolyear’s______atonetime.A.moneyB.fareC.feesD.tuition【答案】D【解析】句意：他來(lái)自山區(qū)一個(gè)貧窮的鄉(xiāng)村，所以他很難一次付清整個(gè)學(xué)年的學(xué)費(fèi)。tuition費(fèi)用，尤指大專(zhuān)院校的學(xué)費(fèi)。money泛指“金錢(qián)，貨幣”。fare指（公共汽車(chē)、輪船、計(jì)程車(chē)等的）票價(jià)。fee指付給私人教師、醫(yī)生等的服務(wù)費(fèi)，酬金。因此答案選D。3.Anthonyisavery______personandneverwastesanything.A.miserlyB.thriftyC.economicD.conservative

【答案】B【解析】句意：安東尼是一個(gè)非常節(jié)儉的人，從不浪費(fèi)任何東西。thrifty意思是“節(jié)儉的，節(jié)約的”。miserly似守財(cái)奴的，吝嗇的。economic經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)的。conservative保守的，守舊的。根據(jù)句意可知正確答案選B。4.Heisseriouslyillbecausehisgirlfriendhasjustdesertedhim.Whydon’tyoutrysomeoccupational______toremovehismindfromdistress?A.operationB.therapyC.injectionD.medicine【答案】B【解析】句意：他病得很重，因?yàn)樗呐笥褎倓倰仐壛怂?。為什么不嘗試一些職業(yè)療法來(lái)消除他的痛苦呢？occupationaltherapy職業(yè)療法，即給患者創(chuàng)造性或生產(chǎn)性工作以治療其身心某些疾病的方法。operation手術(shù)。injection注射。medicine醫(yī)術(shù)，醫(yī)學(xué)；藥。因此正確答案選B。5.Thecurtainshave______becauseofthestrongsunlight.A.faded

B.dulledC.faintedD.weakened【答案】A【解析】句意：由于強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光照射，窗簾已經(jīng)褪色了。fade褪色；凋謝；逐漸消失。dull減少；變遲鈍。faint昏倒；變得微弱。weaken變?nèi)?；畏縮。根據(jù)句意可知答案選A。6.Thecompanyhasthe______righttoprintMr.Dare’sbooks.A.virtualB.exclusiveC.overallD.flexible【答案】B【解析】句意：這個(gè)公司獨(dú)享印刷戴爾先生的書(shū)的權(quán)利。exclusive獨(dú)有的；專(zhuān)屬的。virtual虛擬的。overall全部的；全體的。flexible靈活的；柔韌的。B選項(xiàng)符合句意，故答案選B。7.Duringtheracesthereweretwoaccidentstomotor-cyclistsincluding

one______accident.A.fatalB.killingC.deadlyD.deathly【答案】A【解析】句意：在比賽中，摩托車(chē)手發(fā)生了兩起事故，包括一場(chǎng)死亡事故。fatal致命的，強(qiáng)調(diào)死亡的不可避免性，多用于指?jìng)蚣膊〉?；fatalaccident死亡事故。killing殺害的；使人筋疲力盡的。deadly指能致命或?qū)嶋H已致命的事物，也可指企圖致死他人的人。deathly死一般的。A選項(xiàng)最符合句意，因此答案選A。8.Wedidn’tcatchthetrainon______ofthetrafficcongestion.A.basisB.chargeC.accountD.behalf【答案】C【解析】句意：由于交通擁擠，我們沒(méi)有趕上火車(chē)。onaccountof由于；

因?yàn)?。onbasisof以……為基礎(chǔ)。onchargeof指控。onbehalfof代表。根據(jù)句意可知答案選C。9.Ihaven’tenoughmoneytobuyacar,soIjusthavetodo______.A.nothingB.noneC.withoutD.nobody【答案】C【解析】句意：我沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)買(mǎi)汽車(chē)，所以只好將就著不用車(chē)了。dowithout沒(méi)有……也行；不需要；將就。固定表達(dá)，所以正確答案選C。10.The______oftheseislandsisstillindisputeandthethreecountriesaretohaveaconferencenextmonthtosettletheissue.A.sovereigntyB.rightC.authorityD.power【答案】A

【解析】句意：這些島嶼的主權(quán)仍然存在爭(zhēng)議，三個(gè)國(guó)家將于下個(gè)月舉行會(huì)議以解決這一問(wèn)題。sovereignty國(guó)家主權(quán)。right指“對(duì)某事物的正當(dāng)要求，做某事的權(quán)利”。authority權(quán)利，權(quán)威。power指“（人的）能力；職權(quán)，權(quán)勢(shì)”。根據(jù)句意答案選A。11.Thegovernmentusedtheiremergencypowersto______thetruthabouttheaccident.A.suppressB.manipulateC.controlD.manage【答案】A【解析】句意：政府動(dòng)用他們的緊急權(quán)力來(lái)鎮(zhèn)壓事故的真相。suppress意思是“阻止……被知道或看到”。manipulate指“熟練地控制或操縱（某事物）”，control意思是“控制”。manage意思是“負(fù)責(zé)（某事物），管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)”。因此正確答案選A。12.Theghostlypresencewasjusta(n)______sensationofsomepeople.A.objectiveB.subjunctive

C.subjectiveD.objected【答案】C【解析】句意：幽靈的存在只是一些人的一種主觀感覺(jué)。subjective主觀的。objective客觀的。subjunctive虛擬語(yǔ)氣的。object反抗；反對(duì)。根據(jù)句意可知答案選C。13.Iwasunawareofthecriticalpointsinvolved,somychoicewasquite______.A.artisticB.artificialC.arbitraryD.mechanical【答案】C【解析】句意：我沒(méi)有意識(shí)到問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵所在，因此我的抉擇十分武斷。arbitrary任意的；武斷的。artistic藝術(shù)的；風(fēng)雅的。artificial人造的；仿造的。mechanical機(jī)械的；力學(xué)的。形容詞詞義辨析，根據(jù)句意可知答案選C。14.Whenshewascrossingtheroad,shewasknockeddownbyamotor-car

andlay______bytheroadside.A.asleepB.thoughtlessC.unconsciousD.unaware【答案】C【解析】句意：當(dāng)她過(guò)馬路時(shí)，她被一輛汽車(chē)撞倒，躺在路邊不省人事。unconscious無(wú)知覺(jué)的。asleep睡著的。thoughtless缺乏考慮的。unaware不知道的。15.Thereaderisurgedtobealeader,ratherthanafollower;torelyonhisownpower,ratherthanto______.A.informB.conformC.deformD.reform【答案】B【解析】句意：讀者被要求成為一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，而不是一個(gè)追隨者；要依靠自己的力量，而不是隨大流。conform順從。inform告訴。deform破壞

形象。reform改革。B選項(xiàng)符合句意，答案選B。16.______itornot,hisdiscoveryhascreatedastirinscientificcircles.A.BelieveB.TobelieveC.BelievingD.Believed【答案】A【解析】句意：信不信由你，他的這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)在科學(xué)界引起了巨大的爭(zhēng)議。believeitornot固定搭配，意思是“信不信由你”，用作插入語(yǔ)。所以正確答案選A。17.WhenIcaughthim______,Istoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.A.cheatingB.cheatC.tocheatD.tobecheating

【答案】A【解析】句意：當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的欺詐行為后，我不再在那兒買(mǎi)東西，開(kāi)始于另一家商店打交道?，F(xiàn)在分詞做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示正在進(jìn)行的伴隨性動(dòng)作，和被修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系。因此答案選A。18.Youseethelightning______ithappens,butyouhearthethunderlater.A.theinstantB.foraninstantC.ontheinstantD.inaninstant【答案】A【解析】句意：一打閃，你就能看到閃電，但是之后你才聽(tīng)到雷聲。theinstant一……就……，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其他短語(yǔ)都沒(méi)有這種用法，故答案選A。19.As______announcedintoday’spapers,theShanghaiExportCommoditiesFairisalsoopenonSundays.A.beingB.is

C.tobeD.been【答案】B【解析】句意：今天的報(bào)紙上有宣布，上海商品出口貿(mào)易交易會(huì)也在周日舉行。as單獨(dú)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先行詞可以是一個(gè)詞，也可以是一個(gè)句子或短語(yǔ)。這里先行詞是整個(gè)后面的主句，從句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因此答案選B。20.Itisreportedthat______adoptedchildrenwanttoknowwhotheirnaturalparentsare.A.themostB.mostofC.mostD.themostof【答案】C【解析】句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，大多數(shù)被領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子都想知道自己親生父母是誰(shuí)。themost一般與形容詞搭配構(gòu)成最高級(jí)，A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；mostof+the+adoptedchildren大多數(shù)被領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子，可句子里少了“the”，排除B選項(xiàng)；D選項(xiàng)表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤。因此答案選C，mostadoptedchildren表示“大多數(shù)被領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的孩子”。

Ⅱ.ErrorCorrection(10points)Direction:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.【答案與解析】21.safest前面加the(形容詞的最高級(jí)前面要加定冠詞the。)22.medicines改為medicine(這里表達(dá)的意思是：阿司匹林是當(dāng)今最受歡迎的藥。再結(jié)合主語(yǔ)it可知是單數(shù)，故應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式medicine。)23.suffered改為suffering(此處sufferingfromarthritis在句中做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾people，存在主動(dòng)邏輯關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用v-ing形式。)24.if改為though(根據(jù)上下文可知句子大意是：用戶基本上沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到它的副作用，盡管這種副作用相對(duì)溫和。這里表示讓步關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用though。)25.between改為among(between用于兩者之間，而用戶的數(shù)量很多，所以應(yīng)該用among，表示三者或三者以上。)26.is改為are(先行詞是leavesandtreebark，表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，所以定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。)27.number改為deal(agreatnumberof修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，而experimentation是不可數(shù)概念，

所以應(yīng)該由agreatdealof來(lái)修飾。)28.in改為to(句子意思是：在歐洲進(jìn)行了大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)，使用了這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，并導(dǎo)致了阿司匹林的問(wèn)世。leadto導(dǎo)致；使得。)29.刪掉down(reduce表示“降低；減輕”的意思時(shí)一般用作及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接跟賓語(yǔ)。)30.and改為but(前半句表達(dá)的意思是：這些酸的化學(xué)成分還沒(méi)有被完全了解。后半句意思是：阿司匹林起效慢是眾所周知的。兩者存在轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用but。)Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(30points)Directions:Therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandwritedownyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneYou’rebusyfillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed.Let’sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegeworkoreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.Isn’tittempting,toclaimonthe

formthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvarddegree?OrthatyoufinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheirjobortomoveaheadintheircareers,forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools.Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity.Registrarsatmostwell-knowncollegessaytheydealwithdeceitfulclaimsliketheseattherateofaboutoneperweek.Personnelofficersdocheckupondegreeslistedonapplicationforms,then.Ifitturnsoutthatanapplicantislying,mostcollegesarereluctanttoaccusetheapplicantdirectly.OneIvyLeagueschoolcallsthem“impostors(騙子)”;anotherreferstothemas“specialcases”.Onewell-knownWestCoastschool,inperhapsthemostdelicatephraseofall,saysthattheseclaimsaremadeby“nosuchpeople”.Toavoidoutright(徹底的)lies,somejob-seekersclaimthatthey“attending”meansbeingdismissedafteronesemester.Itmaybethat“beingassociatedwith”acollegemeansthatthejob-seekervisitedhisyoungerbrotherforafootballweekend.Oneschoolthatkeepsrecordsoffalseclaimssaysthatthepracticedatesbackatleasttotheturnofthecentury—that’swhentheybegankeepingrecords,anyhow.Ifyoudon’twanttolieorevenstretchthetruth,therearecompaniesthatwillsellyouaphonydiploma.Onecompany,withofficesinNewYorkandontheWestCoast,willputyournameonadiplomafromanynumberofnonexistentcolleges.Thepricebeginsataroundtwentydollarsforadiplomafrom“SmootStateUniversity”.Thepricesincreaserapidlyforadegreefromthe“UniversityofPurdue”.As

thereisnoSmootStateandtherealschoolinIndianaisproperlycalledPurdueUniversity,thepricesseemratherhighforonesheetofpaper.31.Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.A.employersarecheckingmorecloselyonapplicantsnowB.lyingaboutcollegedegreeshasbecomeawidespreadproblemC.collegedegreescannowbepurchasedeasilyD.employersarenolongerinterestedincollegedegrees32.Accordingtothepassage,“specialcases”referstocasesthat______.A.studentsattendaschoolonlypart-timeB.studentsneverattendedaschooltheylistedontheirapplicationC.studentspurchasefalsedegreesfromcommercialfirmsD.studentsattendedafamousschool33.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A.performanceisabetterjudgeofabilitythanacollegedegreeB.experienceisthebestteacherC.pastworkhistoriesinfluencepersonnelofficersmorethandegreesdoD.adegreefromafamousschoolenablesanapplicanttogainadvantageoverothersinjobcompetition

34.Thispassageimpliesthat______.A.buyingafalsedegreeisnotmoralB.personnelofficersonlyconsiderapplicantsfromfamousschoolsC.mostpeoplelieonapplicationsbecausetheyweredismissedfromschoolD.societyshouldbegreatlyresponsibleforlyingonapplications35.Theword“phony”(Para.2)means______.A.thoroughB.ultimateC.falseD.decisive【答案與解析】31.B本文主要講述了文憑造假對(duì)找工作的人來(lái)說(shuō)有很大的吸引力，所以學(xué)歷造假成為了一個(gè)普遍的問(wèn)題。B選項(xiàng)表述符合文章主旨要求，故選B項(xiàng)。32.C文章第二段提到“Ifitturnsoutthatanapplicantislying,mostcollegesarereluctanttoaccusetheapplicantdirectly…”，如果某工作申請(qǐng)者撒謊了，大部分的學(xué)校不愿意直接地指責(zé)他。一所常春藤聯(lián)盟學(xué)校稱之為“騙子”，另一所說(shuō)他們是“特殊情況”。由此可知“specialcase”指的就是學(xué)歷造假的行為，因此本題答案選C。

33.D文章第二段提到“Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity”，“擁有著名大學(xué)的文憑被雇傭的幾率更高些”，據(jù)此可以推斷出名校的學(xué)歷給應(yīng)聘者帶來(lái)優(yōu)勢(shì)，故答案選D。34.D根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，找工作者的文憑欺騙是一種普遍的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，所以整個(gè)社會(huì)都有責(zé)任來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。D選項(xiàng)推論正確，故答案選D。35.C定位至原文第二段最后一句話。句子大意是：如果你不想說(shuō)謊甚至夸大事實(shí)，有一些公司可以賣(mài)給你假文憑。由此可知pony意思是“假的；偽造的”，false與之意思相近，因此答案選C。PassageTwoItisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasisforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse.Itnotonlyincludes“remembering”thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves.Memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffed(嗅出)somethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysical

objectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememorystoragecapacityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstantaccessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000“words”—stringofalphabeticornumericalcharacters—readyforinstantuse.AnaverageU.S.teenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationthattheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblem-solvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinationsofwords.Butwhilelanguagegreatlyexpandsthenumberandthekingofthingsapersoncanremember,italsorequiresahugememorycapacity.Itmaywellbethiscapacitythatdistinguisheshumans,settingthemapartfromotheranimals.36.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutmemory?A.Ithelpsusperceivethingshappeningarounduseveryday.B.Itisbasedonthedecisionswemadeinthepast.C.Itisrootedinourpasthabitsandskills.D.Itconnectsourpastexperienceswiththepresent.37.Accordingtothepassage,memoryishelpfulinone’slifeinthefollowingaspectsEXCEPTthat______.

A.itinvolvesachangeinone’sbehaviorB.itkeepsinformationforlateruseC.itwarnspeoplenottodothingsrepeatedlyD.itenablesonetoremembereventsthathappenedinthepast38.Whatistheauthor’sviewaboutcomputersandhumanbeingsintermsofintelligence?A.Computershavebettermemorythanachilddoes.B.Computersareasintelligentasateenageris.C.Computerscanunderstandasmanyas100,000words.D.Humanbeingsarefarsuperiortocomputers.39.Whatisthemajorcharacteristicofman’smemorycapacityaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itcanbeexpandedbylanguage.B.Itcanrememberallthecombinedwords.C.Itmaykeepalltheinformationinthepast.D.Itmaychangewhathasbeenstoredinit.40.Humanbeingsmakethemselvesdifferentfromotheranimalsby_____.A.havingtheabilitytoperceivedanger

B.havingafargreatermemorycapacityC.havingtheabilitytorecognizefacesandplacesonsightD.havingtheabilitytodrawonpastexperiences【答案與解析】36.D文章第一段提到“Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasisforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.”，可知記憶將過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷與現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來(lái)，D選項(xiàng)表述正確，故答案選D。37.C文章第二段主要講述了記憶的作用。記憶可以保留信息以便日后使用，它不僅包括記憶算術(shù)或歷史事實(shí)，還包括動(dòng)物行為方式的改變。原文并沒(méi)有提到C選項(xiàng)表述的作用，故答案選C，符合題意要求。38.D文章倒數(shù)第二段提到“…thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationthattheteenagerhasstored”，可知大型計(jì)算機(jī)的即時(shí)存取存儲(chǔ)器可以容納多達(dá)10萬(wàn)個(gè)單詞——字母串或數(shù)字字符——以便隨時(shí)可用；一個(gè)普通的美國(guó)青少年可能認(rèn)識(shí)大約10萬(wàn)個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞的意思，但這只是青少年儲(chǔ)存的信息量的一小部分，說(shuō)明人的記憶存儲(chǔ)量比電腦要大，故答案選D。39.A文章最后一段提到“l(fā)anguagegreatlyexpandsthenumberandthekingofthingsapersoncanremember”，語(yǔ)言可以極大地?cái)U(kuò)展一個(gè)人能記住的事物的數(shù)量和范圍，A選項(xiàng)表述符合原文意思，故答案選A。40.B文章最后兩句話的意思是：雖然語(yǔ)言極大地?cái)U(kuò)展了一個(gè)人能記住

的事物的數(shù)量和范圍，但它也需要巨大的記憶容量。很可能正是這種記憶能力使人類(lèi)有別于其他動(dòng)物。所以人類(lèi)與動(dòng)物的區(qū)別在于人類(lèi)有更大的記憶容量，故正確答案選B。PassageThreeMostshoplifters(商店扒手)agreethattheJanuarysalesofferwonderfulopportunitiesforthehard-workingthief.Withtheshopssocrowdedandthestaffsobusy,itdoesnotrequireanyextraordinarytalenttohelpyoutotakeoneortwolittlethingsandescapeunnoticed.Itisknown,inthebusiness,as“hoisting”.Butthehoistinggameisnotwhatitusedtobe.Evenattheheightofthesales,shoplifterstodayneverknowiftheyarebeingwatchedbyoneofthoseevillittleballsthathangfromtheceilingsofsomanydepartmentstoresabovethemostdesirablegoods.Asifthatwasnottroubleenoughforthem,theycannowbefilmedatworkandobligedtoattendashowingoftheirperformanceincourt.SelfridgeswasthefirstbigLondonstoretoinstallclosed-circuitvideotapeequipmenttowatchitssalesfloors.InOctoberlastyearthestorewonitsfirstcourtcaseforshopliftingusingaevidenceavideotapeclearlyshowingacouplestealingdresses.Itwasanimportanttestcasewhichencouragedotherstorestoinstallsimilarequipment.Whentheballs,calledsputniks,firstmakeanappearanceinshops,itwaswidelybelievedthattheironlyfunctionwastofrightenshoplifters.Their

somewhatridiculousappearances,thecuriousholesandredlightsgoingonandoff,certainlymakethetheorybelievable.Itdidnottakelong,however,forseriousshoplifterstostartshowingsuitablerespect.SoonaftertheequipmentwasinoperationatSelfridges,storedetectiveBrianChadwickwassittinginthecontrolroomwatchingawomansecretlyputtingbottlesofperfumeintoherbag.Assheturnedtogo,”Chadwickrecalled,“shesuddenlylookedupatthe‘sputnik’andstopped.Shecouldnotpossiblyhaveseenthatthecamerawastrainedonherbecauseitiscompletelyhidden,butshemusthavehadafeelingthatIwaslookingather.”Foramomentshepaused,butthenshereturnedtocounterandstartedputtingeverythingback.Whenshehadfinished,sheopenedherbagtowardsthecameratoshowitwasemptyandhurriedoutofthestore.”41.Januaryisagoodmonthforshopliftersbecause______.A.theydon’tneedtowaitforstafftoservethemB.theydon’tneedanypreviousexperienceasthievesC.therearesomanypeopleinthestoreD.Januarysalesofferwonderfulopportunitiesforthem42.Thesputnikshangingfromtheceilingareintended______.A.towatchthemostdesirablegoods

B.tomakefilmsthatcanbeusedasevidenceC.tofrightenshopliftersbytheirappearanceD.tobeusedasevidenceagainstshoplifters43.ThecaselastOctoberwasimportantbecause______.A.thestoregotthedressesbackB.theequipmentwasabletofrightenshopliftersC.othershopsfoundoutabouttheequipmentD.thekindofevidencesuppliedwasacceptedbycourt44.Thewomanstealingperfume______.A.guessedwhatthesputnikswereforB.wasfrightenedbyitsshapeC.couldseethecamerafilmingherD.knewthatthedetectivehadseenher45.Thewoman’sactionbeforeleavingthestoreshowsthatshe______.A.wassorryforwhatshehaddoneB.wasafraidshewouldbearrestedC.decidedshedidn’twantwhatshehadpickedup

D.wantedtoproveshehadnotintendedtostealanything【答案與解析】41.C根據(jù)文章第一段提到的“Withtheshopssocrowdedandthestaffsobusy,itdoesnotrequireanyextraordinarytalenttohelpyoutotakeoneortwolittlethingsandescapeunnoticed.”可知一月是購(gòu)物高峰期，顧客擁擠店員繁忙，是商店扒手行竊的好時(shí)候。因此答案選C。42.B文章第三段提到“Asifthatwasnottroubleenoughforthem,theycannowbefilmedatworkandobligedtoattendashowingoftheirperformanceincourt.”，由此可知現(xiàn)在可以用攝像頭記錄下小偷行竊的過(guò)程當(dāng)作法庭上的證據(jù)。選項(xiàng)B表述符合原文意思，故選B。43.D根據(jù)文章第四段提到的“InOctoberlastyearthestorewonitsfirstcourtcaseforshopliftingusingaevidenceavideotapeclearlyshowingacouplestealingdresses.Itwasanimportanttestcasewhichencouragedotherstorestoinstallsimilarequipment.”可知由于出示了攝像頭拍攝的有利證據(jù)贏了官司，其他商店紛紛安裝，這個(gè)例子告訴我們這類(lèi)證據(jù)可以被法庭接受，因此正確答案選D。44.A結(jié)合文章倒數(shù)第二段提到的“shesuddenlylookedupatthe‘sputnik’andstopped.”以及最后一段“Foramomentshepaused,butthenshereturnedtocounterandstartedputtingeverythingback.”可知偷香水的女人看到了掛在天花板上的攝像頭并猜到了它的作用才把東西放回去的，故答案選A。45.B根據(jù)文章最后兩段可知，那個(gè)女人雖然有偷香水的企圖，但因?yàn)榭吹搅藪煸谔旎ò迳系臄z像頭并猜到了它的作用，才又把香水放了回

去，并向攝像頭展示她的包是空的，她這樣做是因?yàn)楹ε卤蛔プ?，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。PassageFourTheEnglishhavethereputationofbeingverydifferentfromallothernationalities.ItisclaimedthatlivingonanislandseparatedfromtherestofEuropehasmuchtodowithit.Whateverthereasons,itmaybefairlystatedthattheEnglishmanhasdevelopedsomeattitudesandhabitsdistinguishinghimfromothernationalities.Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,andreservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell.Beforestrangersheoftenseemsinhibited,evenembarrassed.Youhaveonlytowitnessarailwaycompartmentanymorningoreveningtoseethetruth.Serious-lookingbusinessmenandwomensitreadingtheirnewspapersordozing(打盹)inacorner,andnoonespeaks.AnEnglishwitoncesuggestedtooverseasvisitors,“Onenteringarailwaycompartmentshakehandswithallthepassengers.”Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious.Thereisanunwrittenbutclearlyunderstoodcodeofbehavior,which,ifbroken,makesthepersonimmediatelytheobjectofsuspicion.ItiswellknownthattheEnglishseldomshowopenlyextremesofenthusiasm,emotionetc.Ofcourse,anEnglishmanfeelsnolessthananyothernationality.Imagineamancommentingonthegreatbeautyofayounggirl.Amanofmoreemotionaltemperamentmightdescribeheras“amarvelousjewel”,whiletheEnglishmanwillflatlystate“Um,she’sall

right.”AnEnglishmanmayrecommendahighlysuccessfulandenjoyablefilmtofriendsbycommenting,“It’snotbad”.Theoverseasvisitorsmustnotbedisappointedbythisapparentlackofinterest.Theymustrealizethat“allright”,“notbad”areveryoftenusedwiththesenseof“firstclass”,“excellent”.ThisspecialuseoflanguageisparticularlycommoninEnglish.46.OneexplanationforthedifferentcharacterofEnglishpeopleisthat______.A.theyaregeographicallyisolatedfromtheEuropeancontinentB.theyhavenothingtodowiththeotherEuropeansC.theyliketokeepquietamongtheiracquaintancesD.theytendtobereservedbynature47.Theword“inhibited”(Para.2)inthispassageprobablymeans______.A.unabletohavegoodmannersB.unabletoexpressandrelaxfreelyC.abletoactproperlyD.abletotalkfreely48.Accordingtothepassage,onenteringarailwaycompartment,anoverseasvisitorisexpectedto______.A.inquireaboutthecodeofbehaviorinthetrain

B.shakehandswithallthepassengersC.shakehandswiththepersonheknowsD.behavelikeanEnglishman49.TheEnglishwayofcommentingonsomethingorsomebodysuggeststhat______.A.theEnglisharemodestinmostcircumstancesB.theEnglishfeelnolessthananyothernationalityC.theEnglishtendtodisplaylessemotionthantheyfeelD.theEnglishdon’ttakeastronginterestinmakingcomment50.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.ThedifferencesbetweentheEnglishandtheotherEuropeans.B.ThedifferentcharacteroftheEnglishmananditsreason.C.ThereasonsforEnglishpeople’sshyness.D.ThecodeofbehaviorofthenationalitiesinEurope.【答案與解析】46.A文章第一段第二句指出“據(jù)說(shuō)，英國(guó)人與其他國(guó)家的人性格之所以不同，與他們居住在一個(gè)與其他歐洲國(guó)家隔絕的孤島有很大關(guān)系”，因此答案選A。

47.B定位至文章第二段第二句。結(jié)合上文的theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonamongpeopleheknowswell可知，在熟人面前英國(guó)人都是安靜、害羞、少言寡語(yǔ)的，由此推斷，他們見(jiàn)到陌生人，更會(huì)感到拘束和緊張，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。48.D結(jié)合文章第二段引述的外國(guó)游客進(jìn)入車(chē)廂時(shí)應(yīng)該和所有乘客握手和Needlesstosay,hewasnotbeingserious可知，引述部分只是一句戲言，作者真正想要表達(dá)的意思是，外國(guó)人要遵循英國(guó)人那一套行為規(guī)則，所以答案選D。49.C文章第三段指出，英國(guó)人很少公開(kāi)表露極端的熱情和情感，盡管英國(guó)人的感受并不比其他人的少，隨后列舉的英國(guó)人謙虛、冷漠的表達(dá)方式都表明了英國(guó)人對(duì)情感的表現(xiàn)很節(jié)制，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。50.B文章主要要談了英國(guó)人緘默、情感不外露的性格特征及其形成的原因，B選項(xiàng)表述最符合文章主旨大意，因此答案選B。Ⅳ.ShortAnswerQuestions(10points)Directions:Inthispartthereisashortpassagewithfivequestionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.InBritain,theoldRoadTrafficActrestrictedspeedsto2m.p.h.(milesperhour)intownsand4m.p.h,inthecountry.LaterParliamentincreasedthespeedlimitto14m.p.h.Butby1903thedevelopmentofthecarindustryhadmadeitnecessarytoraisethelimitto20m.p.h.By1930,however,thelawwassowidelyignoredthatspeedingrestrictionsweredoneawaywithaltogether.Forfiveyearsmotoristswerefreetodriveatwhateverspeedsthey

likes.Thenin1935theRoadTrafficActimposeda30m.p.h.,speedlimitinbuilt-upareas,alongwiththeintroductionofdrivingtestsandpedestriancrossing.SpeedingisnowthemostcommonmotoringoffenceinBritain.Offencesforspeedingfallintothreeclasses:exceedingthelimitonarestrictedroad,exceedingonanyroadthelimitforthevehicleyouaredriving,andexceedingthe70m.p.h,limitonanyroad.Arestrictedroadisonewherethestreetlampsare200yardsapart,ormore.Themaincontroversy(爭(zhēng)論)surroundingspeedinglawsistheextentoftheirsafetyvalue.TheMinistryofTransportmaintainsthatspeedlimitsreduceaccidents.Itclaimsthatwhenthe30m.p.h,limitwasintroducedin1935therewasafallof15percentinfatalaccidents.Likewise,whenthe40m.p.h,speedlimitwasimposedonanumberofroadsinLondoninthelatefifties,therewasa28percentreductioninseriousaccidents.Therewerealsofewercasualties(傷亡)intheyearafterthe70m.p.h,motorwaylimitwasimposedin1966.InAmerica,however,itisthoughtthatthereducedaccidentfiguresareduerathertotheincreaseintrafficdensity.Thisiswhyithasevenbeensuggestedthatthepresentspeedlimitsshouldbedoneawaywithcompletely,orthataguideshouldbegiventoinexperienceddriversandthespeedlimitsmadeadvisory,asisdoneinpartsoftheUSA.Questions:51.DuringwhichperiodcouldBritishmotoristsdrivewithoutspeedlimits?

52.Whatmeasureswereadoptedin1935inadditiontothespeedingrestrictions?53.Speedingisamotoringoffenceadrivercommitswhenhe______.54.WhatistheopinionofBritishauthoritiesconcerningspeedinglaws?55.WhatreasondoAmericansgiveforthereductionintrafficaccidents?【答案與解析】51.From1930to1934.(文章第一段提到“By1930,however,thelawwassowidelyignored…Forfiveyearsmotoristswerefreetodriveatwhateverspeedstheylikes”，可知從1930至1934這五年時(shí)間里，人們開(kāi)車(chē)沒(méi)有速度限制。)52.Drivingtestsandpedestriancrossing.(文章第一段最后一句明確指出，1935年除了限速之外，還設(shè)有駕駛測(cè)試和人行橫道。)53.exceedsthespeedlimits(文章第二段提到“Offencesforspeedingfallintothreeclasses:exceedingthelimitonarestrictedroad,exceedingonanyroadthelimitforthevehicleyouaredriving,andexceedingthe70m.p.h,limitonanyroad.”可知超速行為分為三類(lèi)：超過(guò)限制道路的限速，超過(guò)任何道路上對(duì)你駕駛的車(chē)輛的限速，在任何道路上超過(guò)70英里/小時(shí)。因此違反道路限速就是超速行為。)

54.Speedlimitsreduceaccidents.(文章第三段明確指出“TheMinistryofTransportmaintainsthatspeedlimitsreduceaccidents”，交通部認(rèn)為限速可以減少事故的發(fā)生。)55.Theincreaseintrafficdensity.(文章最后一段明確提到“InAmerica,however,itisthoughtthatthereducedaccidentfiguresareduerathertotheincreaseintrafficdensity.”，在美國(guó)，人們認(rèn)為事故的減少是由于交通密度的增加造成的。)V.Writing(30points)Directions:Forthispart,youareaskedtowriteacompositionentitled“ItPaystoBeHonest”innolessthan400words.ItPaystoBeHonestAsisknowntoall,honestyisoneofthemosttreasuredtraditionalvaluesinChina.Thechildrenaretaughttobehonestwhentheyareveryyoung.Atschoolsthestudentsarealsoinstructedtobehonest.However,withthedevelopmentofsociety,weoftenhearcomplaintsaboutdishonesty.Reportswiththethemeofdishonestyoftenappearinthemedia.Moreandmorepeopleareseenengagedinopenandrampantdishonestactivitiesnowadays.Studentsdevisevariousstrategiestocheatinexaminations,makefalseresumesinjob-hunting,etc.Businessmenwouldn’tstopsellingfakeandinferiorcommoditiesunlesstheyarecaught.Athletesdesiretogetanadvantageovercompetitorsbyadoptingstimulants.Somepeople’sdelaying

payingbacktheloancanserveasanotherexample.Inaword,dishonestphenomenaseemtoexistineverycornerofthesociety.Whydopeoplecheat?Themainreasonprobablyliesinimmediateinteresttheymayobtainbycheating.