4.第三人稱單數(shù)

第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)人稱代詞

人稱分類第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)賓格Iyou

you

heshe

ittheymeus

you

you

himheritthem

Wesheheit以及能被sheheit代替的詞。第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式情況變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況+sworks,learns,eats,needs,says結(jié)尾為s,x,sh,ch,o+espasses,washes,teaches,goes,fixes結(jié)尾為輔音字母+y變y為i+escarries,studies,flies,hurries,crieshave的第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式是has。單三人后有變化，一般動(dòng)詞加s，shch還有xos，后面全加es，輔音+y，y變i，再加es。只有have變has練習(xí)I.寫出第三人稱單數(shù)：washwashesmatchmatchesguessguessesStudystudiesFinishfinishesGogoesSnowsnowsCarrycarries

fly

watchesTV

goestobed

doesmyhomeworkfliesstudiesstudy

watch

TV

go

tobed

do

myhomeworkhaslunchhavelunchgetsupdrinkscoffeecomesbackhomebuysfoodgetupdrink

coffeecomebackhomebuyfoodExercise一.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Iusually____(go)runningforhalfanhourattheweekend.2.Mymom______(like)watchingTV.3.This___(be)mycat.It____(love)me.4.____(be)yoursisteramemberoftheReadingClub?5.Sheoften_____(finish)herhomeworkat9:00.golikesislovesIsfinishesExercise1.Ben_____anewbicycle.A.haveB.hasC.areD.were2.Kitty_____herbicycletothepark.A.rideB.ridingC.ridesD.ridden3.Aman_____infrontofhiscar.A.walkB.walksC.walkingD.work4.Sam’sbicycle______abell.A.haveBhasC.havingD.ishaving5.Thegirl_______“Excuseme”A.sayB.sayingC.saysD.sayes6.How_____itfeel?A.doesB.doC.areD.is7.Mike______notlikehisbike.A.doB.isC.doesD.are8.He______apples.A.likesB.likeC.doesD.are9.He_______withhisnose.A.smellingB.smellsC.smellD.issmell10.Lucy_______withherhands.A.touchB.touchingC.touchesD.touchs

1.She______(do)homeworkbyherself.2.Jack______(go)homebybikeeveryday.3.Themanoften______(climb)upthehill.4.Hermum______(run)inthemorning.5.He______(donot)likeapple.Exercise2doesgoesclimbsrunsdoesn’t6,Sam______(put)itunderhisarm.7.Theboy_______(chase)it.8.Kitty______(watch)TVeveryday.9.He______(feed)themat8:00inthemorning.10.When______(do)hegetup?putschaseswatchesfeedsdoesJack_______(love)hismotherverymuch.MaryandLily______(come)fromthesamecountry.Thejuice(果汁)_____(be)inthefridge(冰箱).“2”______(sound)like“too”.lovescomeissounds5.Thetiger____(be)adangerousanimal.6.Shanghai_______(be)amoderncity.7.Everybody_____(know)JayChou.8.This_____(be)mynewpenpal.isisknowsis9.There_____(be)somebreadonthetable.10.EitherIorhe_____(like)playingsoccer.islikesbyebye!中考語(yǔ)法精講——被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成：

be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞（be+done)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

am/is/are+done

Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.Heputonacoat.Acoatwasputonbyhim.

2.一般過去時(shí)

was/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.3.一般將來時(shí)

shall/will/begoingto+bedone

Theywillplanttreestomorrow.TreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrowHeisgoingtowritealettertohismother.Aletterisgoingtobewrittentohismotherbyhim.4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

has/have+beendoneJimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.

5.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)can/may/must/should+bedoneIcanfindhim.Hecanbefoundbyme.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法1.不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。這塊手表是中國(guó)制造的。ThiswatchismadeinChina.2.沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者每年都應(yīng)該種更多的樹。Manytreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.3.需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者。世界上越來越多的人說漢語(yǔ)。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.4.句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。許多房屋被沖走了。Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法

（主語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式+動(dòng)作的承受者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：動(dòng)作的承受者+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者（主語(yǔ)）（賓語(yǔ)）說明：（1）要將主動(dòng)句里的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)，若主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)為人稱代詞，要將賓格變成主格。（2）把主動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)，主格變賓格，并由by引導(dǎo)。（3)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)形式。補(bǔ)充部分1.主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意義open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive等詞作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它們的主語(yǔ)為物，可以用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)意義。

Thiskindofshirtsellswell.2.

look,sound,taste,smell等系動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)意義。例：Itsmellswonderful.Mooncakestastedelicious.3.在beworthdoing中,doing表被動(dòng)意義。例：Thisbookisworthreading.4.want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+tobedone

例：Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.

我的自行車需要修理。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)：

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:am/is/are+done

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+donewill+be+donewas/were+done以下時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成Summary現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：has/have+been+doneTask4課堂練習(xí)（一）改寫句子1.Weplanttreesinspringeveryyear._________________byusinspringeveryyear.2.Shepostedtheletteryesterday.____________________byheryesterday.3.MrTurnergavemeabirthdaypresent._______________abirthdaypresentbyMrTurner.5.Youmayhandinyourhomeworktomorrow.______________________________byyoutomorrow.6.Sheisgoingtowritealetter.__________________________byher.TreesareplantedTheletterwaspostedIwasgivenYourhomeworkmaybehandedinAletterisgoingtobewritten

1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．

A．a(chǎn)renotkept；willhaveto

B．a(chǎn)renotkept；have

C．donotkeep；willhaveto

D．donotkeep；haveto

2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____andperfectednow.

A.developedB.havedeveloped

C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped

3.____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．

Yes，italldependsontheweather．

A．I'vebeentold

B．I'vetold

C．I'mtold

D．Itold

ACA4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.

A.hascompleted

B.completes

C.hasbeencompleted

D.iscompleted

5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.

A.cut

B.arecut

C.arebeingcut

D.hadbeencut

6.Thenewbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.

A.hasbeendesigned

B.hadbeendesigned

C.wasdesigned

D.wouldbedesigned

7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.

A.breaks

B.hasbroken

C.wasbroken

D.hadbeenbroken

DCBC8.Greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___.

A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup

B.havetakenplace;havebeensetup

C.havetakenplace;havesetup

D.weretakenplace;weresetup

9.Thatsuit__over60dollars.

A.hadcosted

B.costedC.iscostedD.cost

10.Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.

What’stheprettysmallhousethat__for?

A.isbeingbuilt

B.hasbeenbuilt

C.isbuilt

D.isbuilding

11.Doyoulikethecloth?

Yes,it___verysoft.

A.isfeeling

B.felt

C.feels

D.isfelt

BDAC12.Itisdifficultforaforeigner____Chinese．

A．write

B．towrite

C．tobewritten

D．written

13.Ihavenomoreletters____，thankyou．

A．totype

B．typing

C．tobetyped

D．typed

14.Takecare!Don’tdroptheinkonyourshirt,forit__easily.

A.won’twashout

B.won’tbewashedout

C.isn’twashedout

D.isn’twashingout

15.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto___.

A.beputup

B.givein

C.beturnedon

D.goout

BCAD16.Thecomputersonthetable___ProfessorSmith.

A.belongs

B.arebelongedto

C.belongsto

D.belongto

17.Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?

Oh,excellent.It’sworth___asecondtime.

A.toread

B.tobereadC.readingD.beingread

18.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___.

A.catching

B.tobecaught

C.beingcaught

D.tocatch

19.Thispageneeded___again.

A.beingchecked

B.checked

C.tocheck

D.tobechecked

20.___manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodoit.A.Havingtaught

B.Havingbeentaught

C.taught

D.Teaching

DCCDB練習(xí):用be動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空.Aknife_________usedtocutapples.2.Theair_________pollutedalready.3.Therooms________cleanedlater.4.Thestudents_______askedtohavebreakfast.5.Theyshould_______encouragedtostudyhard.6.NotonlyhebutalsoI_____punishedlastnight.ishasbeenwillbearebewas

一用適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?Historyis_________bythepeople.(make)2Heisoften___________todotheworkbytheteacher.(ask)3Thebook___________byhimlastyear.(write)4Theradio______________lastweek.(mend)5Sometrees________________onthehillalready.(plant)6Anewsubway_____________(build)nextyear.7She______________(take)tothehospitalalready.8Thousandsofsatellites______________(send)upintothespacesofar.9Theysaidthey_________________(invite)tothepartyalready.10Thetrains_________________(produce)inZhuzhou.11Youngtreesshould______________(water)often.madeaskedwaswrittenwasmendedhavebeenplantedwillbebuilthasbeentakenhavebeensenthadbeeninvitedareproducedbewatered冠詞不定冠詞a,an定冠詞the只能用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞零冠詞名詞前可不用冠詞三、冠詞1）表示數(shù)量有“一”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強(qiáng)。如：Ihaveamouth,anoseandtwoeyes.2）第一次提到某人或某物，不定冠詞起介紹作用。如：YesterdayIsawanoldman.He’sTom’sfather.不定冠詞用法3）表示某個(gè)人或事物，但不具體說明何人或何物。如：Aboywaswaitingforyou.4）.一些常用短語(yǔ)中。如：haveagoodtime,halfanhour,haveaheadache….5）用于序數(shù)詞前,表示”又一”如:Thecakeisdelicious,andIwantasecondone.

l）特指某人或某物。如：Thebookonthedeskismine．2）指雙方都知道的人或事物。如：Wherearethenewbooks，Jim？3）指上文提到過的人或物。如：Thereisanoldwomanstandingthere.Theoldwomanlookedworried.4）用在世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物名詞前。如：thesun,thesky,theearth,theworld,…..定冠詞的用法5）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。如：Thethirdoneiscarryingthefewestofall.6）用在山脈、江河、海洋、島等名詞前。如：theHimalayaMountains,theYellowRiver,theRedSea,theTaiwanIsland,etc.7）用在某些建筑物名詞前。如：theWhiteHouse,theGreatHallofthePeople8）用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式之前,表示“某某一家”或“某某夫婦”。如：theGreens,theBlacks,etc.9）用在西洋樂器名詞前。如：thepiano,theviolin,etc.10）用在少數(shù)名詞化的形容詞前表示一類人或事物。如：theold,thepoor,theblind,etc.11）用在表示方向位置的名詞前。如：intheeast,ontheright,inthecentre,etc.12）用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。如：thePeople’sRepublicofChina,etc.13）用在某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中。如：inthemorning,bytheway,lookthesame,etc.14)用來表示某個(gè)世紀(jì)中的幾十年代如:inthe1970s;inthe1970’s在20世紀(jì)70年代15)The+比較級(jí)+…,the+比較級(jí)+…,越…..就越……零冠詞的用法：泛指的抽象名詞前。Lifeisveryhardforsomepeople.2.泛指的物質(zhì)名詞前。Waterisveryuseful.3.泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。Booksaremybestfriends.4.泛指的“餐”名前。Cometohavedinner/breakfastwithme.5.大多數(shù)的專有名詞前。HecomesfromFrance.6.語(yǔ)言的名詞前。ShecanspeakFrench.7.在季節(jié)和節(jié)日的名詞前。Winteristhebesttimeforskating.8.當(dāng)名詞前已有一些代詞修飾時(shí)。Mybrotherisasoldier.9.在體育項(xiàng)目的名詞前。playbasketball10.一些常用短語(yǔ)。athome,gotoschool,atnight_____GreensarepreparingforthecomingThanksgivingDay.A./B.AC.AnD.The2.Herdaughterbegantoplay____pianowhenshewasfive.Nowshe'sgoodatit.anB.aC.theD./3._____oldmanbehindMaryis______universityteacher.An;anB.A;theC.The;aD.The;an4.Asweknow,Englandis_______EuropeancountryandSingaporeis___Asiancountry.an;anB.an;aC.a;aD.a;an

5.Myauntlikesplaying_____violinat_____night./;/B.the;/C./;theD.the;the

6.Jackis___mostcarefulstudent,butheisn't__mostcarefulstudentinourclass.A.the;theB.the;aC.a;aD.a;the

7._____scienceisoneofthemostimportantsubjects.AB.AnC.TheD./

4.Hemet_____friendofhisontheroad.

a.a b.the c.an d./5.Mr.BlackwillgobacktoEngland______.

a.byair b.byaplane