初中英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)全一冊(cè) Section A Grammar focusa-4c 省賽一等獎(jiǎng)

SectionAGrammarfocus4a—4c

同學(xué)們，上一課學(xué)習(xí)的單詞你們都掌握了嗎？現(xiàn)在大家來(lái)檢驗(yàn)一下，點(diǎn)擊下面的音頻開始聽寫吧！Unit5已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這節(jié)課我們一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)一下一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

Whenwasthezipperinvented？

Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby？ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea？ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor？It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice：AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice：Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.GrammarFocus根據(jù)課本內(nèi)容，完成下列句子。1.拉鏈?zhǔn)鞘裁磿r(shí)候被發(fā)明的？ ___________thezipper________?2.它于1893年被發(fā)明。 It_______________in1893.wasinventedWhenwasinventedGrammarFocus3.它是由誰(shuí)發(fā)明的？___________itinvented______?4.它是由惠特科姆?賈得森發(fā)明的。It_______________WhitcombJudson.5.茶葉什么時(shí)候被帶到朝鮮去的？___________tea_________toKorea?6.是在六到七世紀(jì)之間被帶到朝鮮。It____________toKorea________the6thand7thcenturies.wasinventedbyWhenwasbroughtwasbroughtduringWhowasbyGrammarFocus7.熱冰淇淋勺用來(lái)做什么？What___thehotice-creamscoop_________?8.它用來(lái)挖很冷的冰淇淋。It’s_______________reallycoldice-cream.usedforservingisusedforGrammarFocus9.貝爾于1876年發(fā)明了電話機(jī)。AlexanderGrahamBell_________thetelephonein1876.10.電話機(jī)在1876年被貝爾所發(fā)明。Thetelephone________________AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.inventedwasinventedbyGrammarFocus

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中講到的“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法”和“如何將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(含“主+謂+賓”句型的句子)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)”同樣適用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不同的只是這兩種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的“構(gòu)成”，所以這里我們重點(diǎn)講解一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成(was/were+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞)及在各種句式中的運(yùn)用。Grammar一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：was/were＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。魔法記憶被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法順口溜：一般過(guò)去時(shí)，被動(dòng)用be＋done；be形式有兩種，主單was主復(fù)were；疑問(wèn)提前be，否定be后not擠。語(yǔ)法講解判斷時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還是一般過(guò)去時(shí)?？键c(diǎn)1考向判斷是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。典例—Whydidn’tyougototheNewYear’spartylastFriday?—BecauseI________.A．wasinvited

B．wasn’tinvitedC．didn’tinviteB【點(diǎn)撥】句意：——上周五你為什么沒(méi)有參加新年晚會(huì)？——因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有被邀請(qǐng)。上句提到了lastFriday，所以應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。wasn’tinvited一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的否定形式。

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中的be用was還是用were。

考點(diǎn)2考向主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)決定be用was還是用were。

典例Somanytreesandbeautifulflowers________inthisareain2014.(恩施)A．wereplanted

B．wasplantedC．a(chǎn)replantedA【點(diǎn)撥】本題用主謂一致法解題。根據(jù)句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in2014可知本句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)treesandflowers是復(fù)數(shù)，be應(yīng)用were。

在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中make，see等動(dòng)詞后接省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to要還原。考點(diǎn)3典例Thoughheoftenmadehislittlesister________，todayhewasmade________byhislittlesister.A．cry；tocry

B．crying；cryingC．cry；cryD．tocry；cry【點(diǎn)撥】本題用語(yǔ)法判定法解題。make用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“使，讓”，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中其后要跟省略to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，而在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，to不能省去。A典例Oldpeopleweren’t________good________inthepast.A．take；careof

B．taken；careC．took；careD．taken；careof【點(diǎn)撥】考查固定短語(yǔ)。takecareof照顧，照料，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不能漏掉介詞。D在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中的介詞在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，仍要跟在原動(dòng)詞之后。

考點(diǎn)4主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)若有雙賓語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)(人)和直接賓語(yǔ)(物)都可變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞后一般要用相應(yīng)的介詞與其搭配。

eg：Hegavemeabook.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Abookwasgiventomebyhim.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.考點(diǎn)5魔法記憶變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的口訣：賓提前變主，主變介by賓；謂語(yǔ)be加done，時(shí)態(tài)看主動(dòng)。如遇雙賓語(yǔ)，最好變間賓；若要變直賓，間賓前加to/for。主動(dòng)中省to的不定式，被動(dòng)中to加上。魔法記憶Rewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.

4a1．Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice?.

Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.2．Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.________________________________________________3．Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?___________________________________________Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroombysomebody.

Wherewerethesephotostakenbyyou?

4．Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone._______________________________________________5．Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.____________________________________________________________________________________________Wewereadvisednottogooutalonebyourparents.

Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.

?

atalowprice

以低價(jià)

知識(shí)點(diǎn)考向一eg：Thissweaterisonsaleatalowprice.

這件毛衣正以低價(jià)出售。low形容詞，意為“低的”。eg：Shejumpedoverthelowwall.她跳過(guò)了那堵矮墻。1low低主語(yǔ)是價(jià)格，不能是物品本身high高cheap廉價(jià)；便宜的主語(yǔ)不能是價(jià)格，必須是物品本身expensive昂貴的；花錢多的“高低貴賤”的用法：

拓展【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)】eg：(溫州中考)TodayinTokyothe

lowest

temperatureis16℃，andthehighestis28℃.今天東京的最低氣溫是16℃，最高氣溫是28℃。Thepriceofthiswatchisveryhigh.這只表的價(jià)格很高。Thepriceofthisbookisnotlowforme.這本書的價(jià)格對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)不低。Thiswatchisexpensive.這只表很貴。Thisclothdollisverycheap.這個(gè)布娃娃很便宜。典例Atpresent,thepriceofthehousesinUrumqi________thanbefore.Icanafford________alargeone.(烏魯木齊)A．a(chǎn)recheaper；tobuy

B．ischeaper；buyC．a(chǎn)relower；buyD．islower；tobuy【點(diǎn)撥】本題用分析句意法解題。句意：現(xiàn)在，烏魯木齊市房子的價(jià)格比以前低，我可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起買一套大房子。thepriceofthehouses作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用low或high表示，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。affordtodosth.負(fù)擔(dān)得起做某事。

D

translate/tr?ns'le?t/

v．翻譯

知識(shí)點(diǎn)考向【重點(diǎn)】translate...into...意為“把……翻譯成……”，既可用于主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，也可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中。eg：Don’ttranslateeverythingintoChinesewhenyoureadEnglisharticles.當(dāng)你閱讀英語(yǔ)文章時(shí)，不要把所有的東西都

翻譯成漢語(yǔ)。2(常州中考)WillthebookbetranslatedintoEnglishassoonaspossible?這本書會(huì)盡快翻譯成英文嗎？典例DoyouknowMoYan?Hisbooks________intoEnglishafewyearsago.A．weretranslated

B．translatedC．a(chǎn)retranslatedD．translates【點(diǎn)撥】本題用語(yǔ)法判定法解題。句意：你知道莫言嗎？他的書幾年前被翻譯成英文。本句為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)afewyearsago可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

Atranslationn.

翻譯translatorn.

翻譯家拓展Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.

4beat

lock

like

ringinvite

break

tell

bring1．You____________tothepartylastnight，weren’tyou？Whydidn’tyougo?2．Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden，butluckilythevillagers_____________toasafeplace.wereinvited

werebrought

3．Thedoor__________whenwearrived，sowe________thebell.4．Thestudents________nottoeatordrinkinclass，butRuby________therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.

5．Thecookies___________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes，andtheyreally________them.rang

waslocked

weretold

wereeaten

liked

【點(diǎn)撥】第一處應(yīng)是tellsb.nottodosth.的被動(dòng)式。

brokeeat

lock

like

ringinvite

break

tell

bring4cDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentences.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.Thetelephone____________

(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.In1875，Mr.Bell_____________

(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughaninstrumentwasinvented

wasborn

worked

learned/learntsimilartoatelephone.Finally，thetelephone___________(invent)in1876.Thefirstsentencethat________(say)onthetelephonebyMr.Bellwas“Mr.Watson，comehere；Iwanttoseeyou.”Todaythetelephone________(use)aroundtheworld.wasinvented

wassaid

isused

一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．(防城港)—Who’sthelittlegirlinthephoto?—It’sme.Thephoto________10yearsago.A．tookB．istakenC．hastakenD．wastaken【點(diǎn)撥】本題用語(yǔ)境判斷法解題。主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由10yearsago可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由“was/were＋動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。故選D項(xiàng)。D2．(中考·杭州)Tomygreatsurprise,thefamousathlete’sstory________differentlyinthenewspapers.A．wasreportedB．reportedC．wasreportingD．reportsA【點(diǎn)撥】本題用分析句子成分法解題。story和report之間屬于被動(dòng)的關(guān)系。

3.(中考·威海)—Tom!Ilookedforyoueverywhereatthepartylastnight.—Oh,I________totheparty.A．a(chǎn)minvitedB．wasinvitedC．a(chǎn)mnotinvitedD．wasn’tinvitedD【點(diǎn)撥】本題用正確把握語(yǔ)境法解題。“昨晚我在聚會(huì)上

沒(méi)找到你”最好的解釋是“我沒(méi)有去，因?yàn)槲覜](méi)有受到

邀請(qǐng)”。4．(上海)$30，000________forachildren’shospitalbyaBritishgirlseveralmonthsago.A．israisedB．wasraisedC．willberaisedD．hasbeenraisedB【點(diǎn)撥】本題用語(yǔ)境判斷法解題。句意：幾個(gè)月以前，一個(gè)英國(guó)女孩為一個(gè)兒童醫(yī)院籌集了三萬(wàn)多美元。根據(jù)后面的severalmonthsago，及句意可知應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選B。5．(黃石)—Haveyouwateredthoseflowers,Tim?—No.Butthey________bymygrandpayesterdaymorning.A．havebeenwateredB．hadbeenwateredC．werewateredD．werewatering【點(diǎn)撥】本題用語(yǔ)境判斷法解題。根據(jù)句意可判斷：主語(yǔ)they(它們)指花，應(yīng)該是被澆水，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterdaymorning可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即助動(dòng)詞were＋過(guò)去分詞watered。故選C。

C二、把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)6．PeoplegrowriceinthesouthernpartofChina.Rice________________inthesouthernpartofChinabypeople.【點(diǎn)撥】考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are＋及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。

isgrown

7．DadboughtmeanMP5playerafewdaysago.AnMP5player________________________________afewdaysagobyDad.【