人教版（2019）必修第一冊Unit 4 Natural Disasters 語法導(dǎo)學(xué)案

高一年級二部英語導(dǎo)學(xué)案:語法使用日期：2023年11月9日編號：5WelcomeUnit教學(xué)目標(biāo)：教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：導(dǎo)學(xué)1、Whatistheattributiveclause？2、Let’sgo!自學(xué)Herearesomeofthepeople_______homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_______wereasleep.3、Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings__________hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.互學(xué)Checkyouranswersingroups.展學(xué)Showyouranswersactively.教學(xué)

一定語從句修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.修飾girlThisistheclassroomwherewestudy.修飾classroom限定性定語從句:緊跟先行詞無逗號和主句隔開、Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.非限定性定語從句:有逗號與先行詞隔開LastnightIsawaverygoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch.分隔定語從句:定語從句和先行詞間有其他成分隔開,且沒有that先行詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞主語賓語可省略定語狀語時間地點(diǎn)原因指人WhoWhomwhothatwhoseofwhomwherewhenwhy指物thatwhichthatwhoseofwhichSheisdoingexperimentsinthelabwhich二、1、先行詞指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用who或thatIhaveafriend_________likeslisteningtomusic.我有一個喜歡聽音樂的朋友。2、先行詞指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語，用who,that,whom或省略Sheisthegirl___________________Imetatthemeeting.3、先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用that或whichThisisthebookthat/whichsheislookingfor.4、先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語，用that,which或省略Theradiowhich/that/省略heboughtyesterdaydoesn’twork.5、先行詞指人或物，whose+n.可替換為:the+n.+ofwhom/which也可替換為:ofwhom/which+the+n.Eg.Helivesinaroom________windowfacesnorth.Helivesinaroom_________thewindowfacesnorth.Helivesinaroom,thewindow__________facesnorth.Iknowthepersonwhosehousewastotallydestroyedintheearthquake.Helivesinaroomwhosewindowfacesnorth.三、用that不用which的情況(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時。I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(5)先行詞同時指人和指物時，用that.IrememberthestudentsandthingsthatImetinZaoQiangseniormiddleschool.(6)主句中是以who或者which時，關(guān)系代詞用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?四、用which不用that的情況①that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.②that不能置于介詞之后（介詞后指物用which,指人用whom）Theprize________heworkedsohardwasanewbicycle.Themanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby_____shewasrescued.who和that的區(qū)別在下列情況，通常要用that：

(1)當(dāng)先行詞是一個既指人又指物的并列詞組時：

ImadeaspeechonthemenandthingsthatIhadseenabroad.

(2)當(dāng)疑問詞是who時(為避免重復(fù))：

WhowasitthatwontheWorldCupin1982?

(3)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時(可省略)：

Tomisnottheboy(that)hewas.下列情況，通常要用who

當(dāng)先行詞為those且指人時，英語習(xí)慣上要用who來引導(dǎo)定語從句。如：

Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.五、做題技巧：1.確定定語從句2.看先行詞是指人還是指物3.確定先行詞在定語從句中做的成分4.確定關(guān)系代詞六、關(guān)系副詞Couldyoustillrememberthetimewhenthetrainleft?（指時間，作狀語）Thisisthefactorywheremyfatherworks?（指地點(diǎn)，作狀語）Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?（指原因，作狀語）關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別1.Thereason___________hegaveussoundedreasonable.2.Idon’tknowthereason_______hequarreledwithyou.3.I’llneverforgettheday___________wespenttogether.4.I’llremembertheday_________westayedtogether.5.Thisisthehotel____________wevisitedlastyear.6.Thisisthehotel_________Lincolnoncelived.總結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇關(guān)鍵看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做的成分而定。注意事項(xiàng)1當(dāng)先行詞是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,degree，occasion等詞，表示情況、方面、處境時用關(guān)系副詞where。Hehadtofacetheconditionwherepressurewasheavy.Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.注意事項(xiàng)2當(dāng)先行詞是occasion，定語從句缺狀語時，往往用when引導(dǎo)定語從句Eg.Doyoustillremembertheoccasionwhenyoutwohiteachotherbychance?注意事項(xiàng)3當(dāng)先行詞時是way，定語從句缺狀語時，引導(dǎo)詞用that/inwhich/省略Eg.Theway(that/inwhich)hetreatedhismothersurprisedus!Canyoushowmetheway(that/inwhich)youthinkoftopreventtheriverfrombeingpolluted?注意事項(xiàng)4有些情況下，關(guān)系副詞可以用“介詞+which”的形式代替，介詞依據(jù)與從句中謂語動詞的搭配，與先行詞的搭配或句子的意義來確定。Isthisthecar_____whichyoupaidahighprice?Themeetingisabout“guncontrol”,_______whichAmericanpeoplehavearguedformanyyears.October,1st,1949,wastheday______whichnewChinawasfounded.Hisstick,_______whichhecan’twalk,islost.Thisisthecamera______whichheoftentakesphotos.檢學(xué)1.Those_______wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.2.YesterdayIhelpedanoldman_________hadlosthisway.3.Mr.Liuistheperson________________youtalkedaboutonthebus.4.Thefactory____________makescomputersisfarawayfromhere.5.Ivisitedascientist_____nameisknownalloverthecountry.6.Doyoustillrememberthefarm__________wevisitedthre