高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第四編 考前要點(diǎn)再排查 二 過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)律練習(xí) 新人教版-新人教版高三全冊(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

二、過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)律1.AAA動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義broadcastbroadcastbroadcast～廣播，播放，播送burstburstburst～爆炸，突然發(fā)作costcostcost～花費(fèi)cutcutcutcutting割，切hurthurthurt～受傷hithithithitting打，撞letletletletting讓putputputputting放下readreadread～讀ridridridridding使擺脫，使去掉setsetsetsetting安排，安置spreadspreadspread～展開(kāi)，傳播，涂spitspit/spatspit/spatspitting吐痰shutshutshutshutting關(guān)上，停止?fàn)I業(yè)2．AAB動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義beatbeatbeaten～打敗3．ABA動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義becomebecamebecomebecoming變comecamecomecoming來(lái)runranrunrunning跑overcomeovercameovercomeovercoming克服，戰(zhàn)勝，征服4．ABB(1)在動(dòng)詞原形后加一個(gè)輔音字母d，t或ed構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞以及一些特殊變化。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義burnburnt/burnedburnt/burned～燃燒dealdealtdealt～解決，處理，分配dreamdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt～做夢(mèng)hearheardheard～聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，聽(tīng)說(shuō)hanghunghung～絞死，懸掛learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt～學(xué)習(xí)lightlit/lightedlit/lighted～點(diǎn)燃，照亮meanmeantmeant～意思是，意味著proveprovedproven/provedproving證明，證實(shí)shineshoneshoneshining使照耀，使發(fā)光showshowedshowed/shown～展示，給……看smellsmelled/smeltsmelled/smelt～聞，嗅speedsped/speededsped/speeded～加速spellspelled/speltspelled/spelt～拼寫(xiě)wakewokewokenwaking醒來(lái)，叫醒，喚醒(2)把動(dòng)詞原形的最后一個(gè)輔音字母“d”改為“t”構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義buildbuiltbuilt～建筑bendbentbent～彎曲，屈服lendlentlent～借給rebuildrebuiltrebuilt～改建，重建sendsentsent～送spendspentspent～花費(fèi)(3)原形→－ought→－ought動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義bringbroughtbrought～帶來(lái)buyboughtbought～買fightfoughtfought～打架，戰(zhàn)斗thinkthoughtthought～思考，想seeksoughtsought～尋找，追求，搜索(4)原形→－aught→－aught動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義catchcaughtcaught～捉，抓teachtaughttaught～教(5)變其中一個(gè)元音字母動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義awakeawokeawokenawaking喚醒，喚起digdugdugdigging挖掘，搜尋feedfedfed～喂養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)fleefledfled～逃避，逃跑findfoundfound～發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到getgotgot/gottengetting得到holdheldheld～擁有，握住leadledled～引導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)meetmetmet～遇見(jiàn)sitsatsatsitting坐shootshotshot～射擊stickstuckstuck～刺入，粘住續(xù)表動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義strikestruckstruckstriking撞擊，沖擊，罷工winwonwonwinning贏，獲勝(6)原形→□lt/pt/ft→□lt/pt/ft動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義feelfeltfelt～感到keepkeptkept～保持leaveleftleftleaving離開(kāi)sleepsleptslept～睡覺(jué)sweepsweptswept～掃weepweptwept～哭泣，流淚(7)其他動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義laylaidlaid～下蛋，放置paypaidpaid～付款saysaidsaid～說(shuō)，講；表達(dá)standstoodstood～站understandunderstoodunderstood～明白loselostlostlosing失去havehadhadhaving有，持有makemademademaking制造，安排，構(gòu)成sellsoldsold～賣telltoldtold～告訴retellretoldretold～重復(fù)，復(fù)述windwoundwound～纏繞，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，迂回5．ABC(1)原形→過(guò)去式→原形＋(e)n動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義blowblewblown～吹風(fēng)；刮；炸毀drivedrovedrivendriving駕駛drawdrewdrawn～畫(huà)畫(huà)，繪制；拖拽續(xù)表動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義eatateeaten～吃fallfellfallen～落下，跌倒forbidforbadeforbiddenforbidding禁止，不許givegavegivengiving給，提供；授予growgrewgrown～生長(zhǎng)，種植forgiveforgaveforgivenforgiving原諒，饒恕knowknewknown～知道m(xù)istakemistookmistakenmistaking弄錯(cuò)；誤解overeatoverateovereaten～(使)吃過(guò)量proveprovedproven/provedproving證明，試驗(yàn)taketooktakentaking拿，獲得，接受throwthrewthrown～拋，扔，擲rideroderiddenriding騎；乘車seesawseen～看見(jiàn)；領(lǐng)會(huì)sewsewedsewn～縫制，縫合showshowedshowed/shown～展示，出示，說(shuō)明shakeshookshakenshaking搖動(dòng)，震動(dòng)writewrotewrittenwriting寫(xiě)(2)原形→過(guò)去式→過(guò)去式＋(e)n動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義breakbrokebroken～打破，打碎choosechosechosenchoosing選擇getgotgot/gottengetting得到hidehidhiddenhiding隱藏續(xù)表動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義forgetforgotforgottenforgetting忘記freezefrozefrozenfreezing冷凍，結(jié)冰speakspokespoken～說(shuō)話，談話；演講stealstolestolen～偷竊，竊取，偷盜(3)變單詞在重讀音節(jié)中的元音字母“i”分別為“a”(過(guò)去式)和“u”(過(guò)去分詞)[i→a→u]動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義beginbeganbegunbeginning開(kāi)始drinkdrankdrunk～喝singsangsung～唱sinksanksunk～下沉，沉沒(méi)swimswamswumswimming游泳ringrangrung～打電話；包圍(4)其他動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞詞義be(am，is,are)was/werebeen～是b