高考英語二輪復(fù)習 第四編 考前要點再排查 三 高考?？荚~詞性變化練習 新人教版-新人教版高三全冊英語試題

三、高考?？荚~詞性變化1．變名詞(1)-ence,-ance結(jié)尾的名詞exist→existence存在differ→difference不同refer→reference參考occur→occurrence發(fā)生prefer→preference優(yōu)先權(quán)，偏好guide→guidance指導(dǎo)appear→appearance出現(xiàn)，外表enter→entrance進入accept→acceptance接受perform→performance履行resist→resistance抵制insure→insurance保險assist→assistance幫助tolerate→tolerance容忍(2)-tion,-sion結(jié)尾的名詞introduce→introduction介紹describe→description描述interrupt→interruption打斷direct→direction方向，指導(dǎo)connect→connection連接starve→starvation挨餓realize→realization實現(xiàn)，領(lǐng)悟invite→invitation邀請produce→production生產(chǎn)reduce→reduction減少adopt→adoption采納；收養(yǎng)prevent→prevention防止receive→reception接收；接待處suggest→suggestion建議edit→edition編輯，版本exhibit→exhibition展覽intend→intention打算，意圖recognize→recognition認出protect→protection保護instruct→instruction指令construct→construction建設(shè)reject→rejection駁斥object→objection反對collect→collection收集select→selection挑選elect→election選舉conserve→conservation保護observe→observation觀察organize→organization組織examine→examination考試determine→determination決定form→formation形成inform→information通知imagine→imagination想象transport→transportation運輸expect→expectation期待adapt→adaptation改編；適應(yīng)prepare→preparation準備explore→exploration探索consider→consideration考慮declare→declaration宣布decorate→decoration裝飾inspire→inspiration激發(fā)，靈感relax→relaxation放松，休閑communicate→communication交流occupy→occupation占用；職業(yè)satisfy→satisfaction滿足apply→application申請，應(yīng)用recommend→recommendation推薦combine→combination結(jié)合operate→operation操作；手術(shù)hesitate→hesitation猶豫educate→education教育locate→location定位indicate→indication指出participate→participation參加appreciate→appreciation欣賞，感激associate→association聯(lián)想；協(xié)會separate→separation分離investigate→investigation調(diào)查celebrate→celebration慶祝congratulate→congratulation祝賀translate→translation翻譯accelerate→acceleration加速donate→donation捐贈liberate→liberation解放motivate→motivation動力concentrate→concentration集中contribute→contribution貢獻distribute→distribution分發(fā)promote→promotion促進devote→devotion致力frustrate→frustration沮喪divide→division分配decide→decision決定discuss→discussion討論depress→depression沮喪impress→impression印象express→expression表達possess→possession擁有；財產(chǎn)expand→expansion擴大extend→extension延伸admit→admission承認permit→permission允許conclude→conclusion結(jié)論explode→explosion爆炸confuse→confusion迷惑(3)-ment結(jié)尾的名詞amaze→amazement驚奇improve→improvement改進achieve→achievement完成agree→agreement同意arrange→arrangement安排employ→employment雇傭advertise→advertisement廣告astonish→astonishment吃驚announce→announcement通告assess→assessment評估develop→development發(fā)展disappoint→disappointment失望encourage→encouragement鼓舞entertain→entertainment款待，娛樂equip→equipment裝備govern→government統(tǒng)治；政府manage→management管理punish→punishment懲罰require→requirement要求settle→settlement協(xié)議；定居處state→statement說明；陳述treat→treatment對待；治療accomplish→accomplishment成就；完成(4)-ness結(jié)尾的名詞eager→eagerness渴望kind→kindness友好happy→happiness幸福lonely→loneliness孤獨quiet→quietness安靜careless→carelessness粗心aware→awareness意識bitter→bitterness苦blind→blindness盲目calm→calmness冷靜clever→cleverness聰明fair→fairness公平foolish→foolishness愚蠢fit→fitness適合；健康ill→illness疾病lazy→laziness懶惰sad→sadness悲傷sweet→sweetness甜美thick→thickness厚度tired→tiredness累cold→coldness寒冷；冷淡nervous→nervousness惶恐不安homesick→homesickness思鄉(xiāng)helpless→helplessness無助hopeless→hopelessness無望(5)-age結(jié)尾的名詞marry→marriage婚姻store→storage儲存short→shortage短缺pack→package包裹pass→passage通道(6)-th結(jié)尾的名詞warm→warmth溫暖true→truth真理dead→death死亡grow→growth成長(7)-ure結(jié)尾的名詞please→pleasure快樂fail→failure失敗mix→mixture混合press→pressure壓力depart→departure離開expose→exposure暴露sign→signature簽名(8)-ce結(jié)尾的名詞absent→absence缺席confident→confidence自信different→difference不同evident→evidence證據(jù)patient→patience耐心silent→silence沉默advise→advice建議present→presence出席convenient→convenience方便diligent→diligence勤奮distant→distance距離important→importance重要independent→independence獨立innocent→innocence天真，無辜intelligent→intelligence智力violent→violence暴力(9)-dom結(jié)尾的名詞free→freedom自由wise→wisdom智慧(10)-hood結(jié)尾的名詞child→childhood孩童時期neighbor→neighborhood鄰里boy→boyhood少年時代(11)-ship結(jié)尾的名詞friend→friendship友誼leader→leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能owner→ownership所有權(quán)relation→relationship關(guān)系hard→hardship艱難(12)-ing結(jié)尾的名詞train→training訓練find→finding發(fā)現(xiàn)suffer→suffering痛苦greet→greeting問候paint→painting繪畫farm→farming農(nóng)業(yè)warm→warming變暖mean→meaning意思cross→crossing十字路口belong→belongings財產(chǎn)shoot→shooting射擊feel→feeling情感；感覺2．變形容詞(1)-y結(jié)尾的形容詞sun→sunny陽光燦爛的health→healthy健康的dirt→dirty臟的wealth→wealthy富有的greed→greedy貪婪的taste→tasty美味的rain→rainy多雨的wind→windy有風的snow→snowy被雪覆蓋的storm→stormy有暴風雨的fog→foggy多霧的ice→icy冰冷的mud→muddy泥濘的dust→dusty布滿灰塵的smell→smelly臭的salt→salty咸的(2)-al，-ial結(jié)尾的形容詞culture→cultural文化的agriculture→agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的practice→practical實際的music→musical音樂的globe→global全球的condition→conditional有條件的environment→environmental環(huán)境的chemistry→chemical化學的medicine→medical醫(yī)學的origin→original原始的politics→political政治的emotion→emotional感情的；有感染力的nation→national國家的nature→natural自然的person→personal個人的occasion→occasional偶爾的mind→mental精神上的physics→physical身體上的accident→accidental偶然的education→educational教育的technique→technical技術(shù)上的race→racial種族的type→typical典型的benefit→beneficial有益的face→facial面部的industry→industrial工業(yè)的finance→financial金融的(3)-ful，-less結(jié)尾的形容詞thank→thankful感激的success→successful成功的peace→peaceful和平的beauty→beautiful美麗的faith→faithful忠實的joy→joyful高興的cheer→cheerful高興的use→useful→useless有用的/無用的pain→painful→painless痛苦的/無痛的harm→harmful→harmless有害的/無害的power→powerful→powerless強有力的/無力的care→careful→careless小心的/粗心的color→colorful→colorless多彩的/無色的hope→hopeful→hopeless抱有希望的/無望的help→helpful→helpless有幫助的，愿意幫忙的/無助的meaning→meaningful→meaningless有意義的/無意義的speech→speechless說不出話的end→endless無休止的home→homeless無家可歸的job→jobless無業(yè)的self→selfless無私的aim→aimless無目標的price→priceless珍貴的，無價的breath→breathless上氣不接下氣的(4)-(i)ous結(jié)尾的形容詞adventure→adventurous冒險的danger→dangerous危險的caution→cautious小心的poison→poisonous有毒的mountain→mountainous多山的ambition→ambitious有野心的nerve→nervous緊張的religion→religious宗教的(5)-able，-(s)ible結(jié)尾的形容詞avoid→avoidable可避免的forget→forgettable可忘記的comfort→comfortable舒服的believe→(un)believable(不)可信的rely→reliable可靠的enjoy→enjoyable令人愉快的value→valuable有價值的suit→suitable合適的bear→bearable可忍受的afford→affordable支付得起的adapt→adaptable適應(yīng)力強的renew→renewable可更新的port→portable便攜的change→changeable多變的reason→reasonable合理的access→(in)accessible(不)可接近的(6)-tive結(jié)尾的形容詞create→creative有創(chuàng)造力的attract→attractive迷人的protect→protective保護的talk→talkative健談的instruct→instructive有教育意義的effect→effective有效的produce→productive多產(chǎn)的relate→relative相關(guān)的compete→competitive有競爭力的(7)-tic，-fic結(jié)尾的形容詞system→systematic系統(tǒng)的romance→romantic浪漫的sympathy→sympathetic有同情心的energy→energetic精力充沛的science→scientific科學的(8)-en結(jié)尾的形容詞wood→wooden木制的gold→golden金色的wool→woolen羊毛的(9)-some結(jié)尾的形容詞hand→handsome英俊的awe→awesome令人敬畏的trouble→troublesome令人煩惱的tire→tiresome煩人的(10)-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞dead→deadly致命的live→lively活躍的friend→friendly友好的month→monthly每月的cost→costly昂貴的order→orderly有秩序的love→lovely可愛的year→yearly每年的week→weekly每周的3．變副詞(1)形容詞詞尾直接加-ly變副詞real→really真正地helpful→helpfully有幫助地careful→carefully細心地hopeful→hopefully有希望地slow→slowly慢慢地quick→quickly快速地quiet→quietly安靜地rude→rudely無禮地polite→politely有禮貌地wide→widely寬闊地fortunate→fortunately幸運地(2)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i，然后再加-lybusy→busily繁忙地angry→angrily生氣地easy→easily容易地healthy→healthily健康地happy→happily高興地heavy→heavily沉重地noisy→noisily吵鬧地(3)某些以輔音字母加不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾和以-ue結(jié)尾的形容詞要先去掉e，然后再加-y或-lyterrible→terribly可怕地true→truly真正地gentle→gently溫柔地simple→simply簡單地possible→possibly可能地comfortable→comfortably舒服地4．變動詞(1)-en結(jié)尾的動詞dark→darken變暗quick→quicken加快sharp→sharpen削尖loose→loosen松開soft→soften軟化worse→worsen惡化light→lighten減輕，變亮broad→broaden加寬weak→weaken削弱tight→tighten變緊bright→brighten使更明亮black→blacken變黑short→shorten縮短adj.→n.→v.deep→depth→deepen加深long→length→lengthen加長wide→width→widen加寬high→height→heighten加強，提高strong→strength→strengthen加強(2)en-前綴的動詞able→enable使能夠large→enlarge使擴大danger→endanger使……遭受危險sure→ensure保證(3)-e結(jié)尾的動詞(注意發(fā)音變化)bath→bathe洗澡breath→breathe呼吸cloth→clothe給……穿衣5．變否定(1)in-，im-/il-，ir-active→inactive不活躍的experienced→inexperienced缺乏經(jīng)驗的complete→incomplete不完整的dependent→independent獨立的significant→insignificant不重要的capable→incapable無能力的proper→improper不合適的appropriate→inappropriate不合適的accurate→inaccurate不精確的correct→incorrect不正確的expensive→inexpensive不貴的formal→informal非正式的；隨便的convenient→inconvenient不方便的direct→indirect間接的mature→immature不成熟的patient→impatient不耐煩的perfect→imperfect不完美的possible→impossible不可能的polite→impolite不禮貌的logical→illogical不合邏輯的l