陜西省咸陽市實驗中學2023-2024學年高一上學期段性檢測（一）英語試題

咸陽市實驗中學2023～2024學年度第一學期第一次月考高一英語試題注意事項：1.本試題共10頁，滿分150分，時間120分鐘。2.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、班級和準考證號填寫在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結束后，監(jiān)考員將答題卡按順序收回，裝袋整理；試題不回收。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。聽力部分結束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inacafe.C.Inacomputerroom.2.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Calm.B.Upset.C.Satisfied.3.WhatdoesthewomanexpectMr.Smithtodo?A.MakeacalltoGeorge.B.Offerhersomevegetableoil.C.Helpheropenthekitchenwindow.4.Whatmistakedidthetruckdrivermake?A.Hemadeavideoillegally.B.Hebrokethetrafficrules.C.Hedamagedthetrafficlights.5.Howheavywasthewomanthreemonthsago?A.115pounds.B.100pounds.C.150pounds.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthewoolensuit?A.Thecolor.B.Thesize.C.Thestyle.7.Whichsuitdoesthemandecidetobuy?A.Thedarkblueone.B.Thelightyellowone.C.Thedarkbrownone.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthewoman’sfatherstudyatcollege?A.Mathematics.B.French.C.Engineering.9.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardherfather’sdecision?A.Disapproving.B.Doubtful.C.Understanding.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.HowdoesDavidfeelnow?A.Energetic.B.Tired.C.Prettywell.11.What’sthemajorcauseofDavid’shealthproblem?A.Lackofsleep.B.Intakeofcoffee.C.Unbalanceddiet.12.WhatdoesthewomanadviseDavidtodo?A.Haveagooddinner.B.Takevitaminpills.C.Cutdownonsandwiches.13.WhatwillDaviddonext?A.Seeadoctor.B.Playsomesports.C.Gotosleep.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whereistheartexhibitionheld?A.AttheExhibitionCenter.B.AtthePopularArtGallery.C.AttheCityShoppingCenter.15.Whatisthewomanmostinterestedin?A.Modernpaintings.B.Shortmovies.C.Sculptures.16.Whichsectionisthemostpopular?A.Thevideosection.B.Thepaintingsection.C.Thephotographysection.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Fanandartist.C.Shopperandassistant.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhathappenedtoboatsandshipsintheBermudaTriangle?A.Theycaughtfirewithoutreason.B.Theycrashedintoeachother.C.Theydisappeared.19.WhendidtheBermudaTrianglebecomeapopularstory?A.Inthe15thcentury.B.Inthe20thcentury.C.Inthe17thcentury.20.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheBermudaTriangle?A.Allofthereportsonitareuntrue.B.Itisadangerousareaintheocean.C.Itiscompletelysafeatthemoment.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ABeginyourglobaljourneyAtUniversityofWisconsin(UW)-EauClaire,you’llfindyourinvestmentpaysoffwellbeforeyougraduate.Becausehere,webelievethatyourjourneyisjustasimportantasyourdestination.Youwillhavemanyopportunitiestodevelop:frominternships(實習)toundergraduateresearchtoforeignculturalexperiences.Weseekstudentswhoarecurious,innovativeandcompassionate.Ifthissoundslikeyou,submityourapplicationtojoinourbigfamily!AdmissionapplicationprocessTocompleteanapplicationforadmission,submitthefollowing:1.Onlineapplication;2.25USDapplicationfee;3.EvidenceofEnglishproficiency;4.Financialdocumentation;5.Academicrecords;6.Passportcopy.SubmitthesupportingdocumentslistedabovebyincludingthemwithyourUW-EauClairespecificapplication.Youmayalsosubmitapplicationmaterialstoadmissions@.Payingforcollege2023—2024undergraduatestudentestimatedexpenses(ThenumbersbelowareinUSDperacademicyear):Tuitionandfees:$18,460Housingandmeals:$8,800Healthinsurance:$1,900ApplicationdeadlinesWeacceptapplicationsFebruary1—June1foradmissiontheupcomingfallterm(September)andAugust1—November1foradmissiontheupcomingspringterm(February).Wemustreceiveallofyourrequiredapplicationmaterialspriortothedeadline.Startapplyingearly!CheckyourapplicationstatusTocheckyourapplicationstatus,aswellasotherimportantstepsintheenrollmentprocess,youmustfirstactivateyourCampusAccount.TheinformationyouwillbeabletoaccessthroughyourCampusAccountincludesthefollowing:·Viewyouradmissiondecisioninrealtime;·Tracktheprogressofyourcompletednextstepsafteradmission;·Payyourenrollmentfeeof$500;·SignupforOrientation(迎新會)whenyouarequalified.PleasenotethatofficialadmissiondecisionswillalwaysbesentviaUSMail.1.Whichistherighttimeforyoutoapplyfor2024springsemesteradmission?A.September10,2023. B.December1,2023.C.February9,2024. D.March16,2024.2.WhatcanyoudobyusingtheCampusAccount?A.Paythetuitionfees. B.Knowaboutyourenrollmentprocess.C.Submitapplicationdocuments. D.Downloadofficialadmissionoffer.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aglobaltraveljournal. B.Anundergraduatecourseplan.C.Acollegeapplicationguide. D.Awelcomespeechforfreshman.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了威斯康辛大學歐克萊爾分校的國際生申請情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Applicationdeadlines部分中的“WeacceptapplicationsFebruary1-June1foradmissiontheupcomingfallterm(September)andAugust1-November1foradmissiontheupcomingspringterm(February).(我們接受2月1日至6月1日申請即將到來的秋季學期（9月）和8月1日至11月1日申請即將到來的春季學期（2月）。)”并結合選項可知，申請2024年春季學期錄取的合適時間是2023年9月10日。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Checkyourapplicationstatus部分中的“Tocheckyourapplicationstatus,aswellasotherimportantstepsintheenrollmentprocess,youmustfirstactivateyourCampusAccount.(要查看您的申請狀態(tài)以及注冊過程中的其他重要步驟，您必須首先激活您的校園帳戶。)”可知，使用校園賬戶可以了解注冊過程。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Weseekstudentswhoarecurious,innovativeandcompassionate.Ifthissoundslikeyou,submityourapplicationtojoinourbigfamily!(我們尋求那些富有好奇心、創(chuàng)新和富有同情心的學生。如果這聽起來像你，提交你的申請，加入我們的大家庭！)”和小標題“Admissionapplicationprocess(入學申請流程)”可知，文章是一篇學校申請指南。故選C。BTheterm“socialdistancing”hasbeenatthecenterofpublicconversationforawhile.Butit’snot“social”distancewearetryingtopromote.It’sphysicalseparation.Infact,preservingsocialties—evenatadistance—isessentialforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.Theresultsofananalyticreviewpublishedin2017indicatethatalackofsocialsupportisonaparwithsmokingcigarettesasariskfactorforhealth.Giventhisfact,howmightwebeststayconnectedwithotherswhilemaintainingphysicaldistance?Wouldwebebetteroffe-mailingafriend?Makingaphonecall?Havingavideochat?Inourstudy,NickEpleyandItestedwhetherthemediathroughwhichpeopleinteractaffectstheirsenseofconnectionandhowexpectationsofcertaintechnologiesimpactthecommunicationmediatheychoosetouse.Inourexperiment,weaskedparticipantstoreconnectwithsomeonethattheyhadn’tinteractedwithrecently,eitherbye-mailoroverthephone.Participantsfirstmadepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketogetintouchiftheyconnectedinthesetwoways.Theygenerallybelievedthatthey’dfeelmoreconnectedwheninteractingoverthephonethanbye-mail.Buttheyalsopredictedthattalkingonthephonecouldbemoreuncomfortablethansendingane-mail.Althoughtheseparticipantsbelievedthattalkingencouragedstrongerbonds,mostofthemsaidthey’drathersendane-mailthancallthepersonup.Itseemedthatfearsaboutawkwardnesspushedindividualstowardstext-basedmethodsforcommunicating.Inthenextpartoftheexperiment,wehadparticipantsuseonerandomlydeterminedmodeofcommunicationtoactuallyreconnectandthentrackedthemaftertheyhaddoneso.Wefoundthatpeopledidformmeaningfullystrongerbondswheninteractingoverthephonethanbye-mail.Importantly,though,therewasnodifferenceintheamountofdiscomfortwhentheywerereconnectingoverthephone.Thenexttimeyouthinkabouthowbesttoconnect,considercallingorhavingavideochat.Feelingsofsocialconnectionarepreferablyfacilitatedbyvoiceratherthanakeyboard.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preserving”inParagraphIprobablymean?A.Abandoning. B.Maintaining. C.Disturbing. D.Revealing.5.Howdoestheauthorsupporttheviewoftheimportanceofmaintainingsocialties?A.Theauthorsharespublicopinions.B.Theauthorstatesadeep-rootedtradition.C.Theauthorpresentsofficialdocuments.D.Theauthorcitesapublishedreport.6.Whatcanweknowaboutthestudyresults?A.Theycontradictedparticipants’predictionspartly.B.Theyhadnoreferencevalue.C.Theyprovidedinsightsintofuturestudies.D.Theyconfirmedresearchers’expectations.7.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.Keepingintouchiskeytoalastingfriendship.B.Thinktwicebeforeyouconsidercontactinganoldfriend.C.Forstrongerbonds,talkinsteadoftyping.DText-basedmethodsforcommunicationcausediscomfort.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹一項研究，表明社會支持對于健康非常重要，并建議人們盡量用說話的方式互相聯(lián)系而不是用打字的方式。【4題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句后文“Theresultsofananalyticreviewpublishedin2017indicatethatalackofsocialsupportisonaparwithsmokingcigarettesasariskfactorforhealth.(2017年發(fā)表的一項分析綜述的結果表明，缺乏社會支持與吸煙一樣，都是健康的風險因素。)”說明社會支持對于健康非常重要，人們需要保持互相聯(lián)系，從而推知劃線詞句“Infact,preservingsocialties—evenatadistance—isessentialforbothmentalandphysicalhealth.(事實上，preserving社會聯(lián)系——即使是在一定距離之外——對身心健康都至關重要。)”其中劃線詞匯意思是“保持”。故選B項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theresultsofananalyticreviewpublishedin2017indicatethatalackofsocialsupportisonaparwithsmokingcigarettesasariskfactorforhealth.(2017年發(fā)表的一項分析綜述的結果表明，缺乏社會支持與吸煙一樣，都是健康的風險因素。)”可知，作者引用了一份已發(fā)表的報告支持維持社會關系的重要性。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Buttheyalsopredictedthattalkingonthephonecouldbemoreuncomfortablethansendingane-mail.(但他們也預測，打電話可能比發(fā)電子郵件更不舒服。)”最后一段中“Wefoundthatpeopledidformmeaningfullystrongerbondswheninteractingoverthephonethanbye-mail.Importantly,though,therewasnodifferenceintheamountofdiscomfortwhentheywerereconnectingoverthephone.(我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，與電子郵件相比，人們在通過電話進行互動時確實形成了更牢固的聯(lián)系。然而，重要的是，當他們通過電話重新連接時，不適的程度沒有差異。)”可知，在一定程度上，研究結果與參與者的預測相矛盾。故選A項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thenexttimeyouthinkabouthowbesttoconnect,considercallingorhavingavideochat.Feelingsofsocialconnectionarepreferablyfacilitatedbyvoiceratherthanakeyboard.(下次你考慮如何最好地聯(lián)系時，可以考慮打電話或視頻聊天。聲音比鍵盤更能促進社交聯(lián)系的感覺。)”可知，從文中得到結論：為了更牢固的關系，交流的方式是說話而不是打字。故選C項。CExamsmakeusanxious.Thesilenceofthehall;thetickingoftheclock;theproudexpressionofthepersonsittingattheneighboringdeskwhohasfinished15minutesearly.Itthereforeseemshardlysurprisingthatthosewhoworryabouttakingtestsdoworsethanthosewhodonot.Whatis,perhaps,surprising,accordingtoresearchrecentlypublishedbyMariaTheobald,isthatitisnotthepressureoftheexamhallwhichcausestheproblem.Itisthepressureofreview.Dr.Theobaldworkedwith309studentswhowerepreparingfortheirfinalstateexam,themostimportantthattheytake.Duringthe100daysbeforethat,thestudentsusedadigital-learningplatformwhichpresentedthemwitholdexamquestionsandrecordedtheirperformance.Theyalsosatamockexam(模擬考)40daysbeforetherealthing.Toknowtheirlevelsofanxiety,theywereaskedeverydayincludingthedaysofthemockandtherealexamtogivethemselves1-5pointstoquestionslike“HowmuchdoIfeeltenseandnervous?”Dr.Theobaldfoundthatanxietyonthedayofthetestdidnotpredictexamperformanceatall.Whatpredicteditwasthelevelofknowledgeastudentshowedinthemockandtheearlierdigital-learningactivities.Thosewhoperformedwellinthesealsodidwellintherealthing,nomatterhowanxioustheywereontheday.Whatactuallyaffectedstudents,itturnedout,werehighlevelsofanxietyduringtheweeksbeforetheexamtookplace.Thegreaterastudent’sanxietyonthedaysbeforetheexam,thelowerhisorherknowledge-gainwasduringthatperiod,leavingthatstudentwithlessmaterialtoreviewduringtheexamitself.Toreducetheanxiety,Dr.Theobaldproposesatwo-foldstrategyforstudents.First,theycanraisetheirbeliefintheirownabilitiesbyremindingthemselvesofjusthowmuchtheyknow.Second,theycandecreasetheimportanceofthetestbyremindingthemselvesthat,whileitisimportant,itisnotalife-or-deathsituation.8.Whatcausesbadexamresultsaccordingtotheresearch?A.Thenoisyclock. B.Thestressfulreview.C.Thesilentclassroom. D.Theannoyingneighbor.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Researchprocess. B.Researchfindings.C.Researchbackground. D.Researchsignificance.10.Onwhichday(s)doesanxietyaffectexamperformancethemost?A.Thedayoftherealexam. B.Thedayofthemock.C.Thedaysbeforetherealexam. D.Thedaysbeforethemock.11.WhatdoesDr.Theobaldadviseustodotoovercomeexamanxiety?A.Preparealotforexams. B.Buildupself-confidence.C.Attachsignificancetotests. D.Remindourselvesofthetime.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過實驗介紹了可能是因為復習的壓力而導致學生焦慮而不是考試本身，并在文章最后提出了相對應的解決辦法。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第二段提到“Whatis,perhaps,surprising,accordingtoresearchrecentlypublishedbyMariaTheobald,isthatitisnotthepressureoftheexamhallwhichcausestheproblem.Itisthepressureofreview.”（根據(jù)MariaTheobald最近發(fā)表的一項研究，也許令人驚訝的是，并不是考場的壓力導致了這個問題。是復習的壓力。）由此判斷，根據(jù)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，是因為復習的壓力才導致了考試結果不好。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。第三段第一句提到“Dr.Theobaldworkedwith309studentswhowerepreparingfortheirfinalstateexam,themostimportantthattheytake.”（Theobald博士與309名正在為他們的期末考試做準備的學生一起工作，這是他們所做的最重要的事情。）；該段還提到“Duringthe100daysbeforethat,thestudentsusedadigital-learningplatformwhichpresentedthemwitholdexamquestionsandrecordedtheirperformance.”（在此之前的100天里，學生們使用了一個數(shù)字學習平臺，給他們提供了一些舊的考試問題，并記錄了他們的表現(xiàn)。）；該段最后一句提到“Toknowtheirlevelsofanxiety,theywereaskedeverydayincludingthedaysofthemockandtherealexamtogivethemselves1-5pointstoquestionslike“HowmuchdoIfeeltenseandnervous?””（為了了解他們的焦慮程度，他們每天都被問到，包括模擬的日子，以及真正的考試，給他們自己1-5分的問題，比如“我有多大壓力和緊張？”），由此判斷，該段在陳述該項實驗的過程。故選A。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第四段提到“Whatactuallyaffectedstudents,itturnedout,werehighlevelsofanxietyduringtheweeksbeforetheexamtookplace.”（事實證明，真正影響學生的是考試前幾周的高度焦慮。）由此判斷，在考試前一段時間學生的焦慮程度會非常高。對故選C。【11題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。最后一段提到“First,theycanraisetheirbeliefintheirownabilitiesbyremindingthemselvesofjusthowmuchtheyknow.”（首先，他們可以通過提醒自己了解多少來提高他們對自己能力的信心。）由此判斷，Dr.Theobald建議通過提升自信心來降低考試前的焦慮。故選B。DArtandsciencemayseemlikeoppositethings.Onemeansthecreativeflowofideas,andtheothermeanscold,harddata—somepeoplebelieve.Infact,thetwohavemuchincommon.Now,astudyfindsartcanhelpstudentsrememberbetterwhattheylearnedinscienceclass.MarialeHardiman,aneducationspecialist,noticedthatstudentswhousedartintheclasslistenedmorecarefully.Theymightaskmorequestions.Theymightvolunteermoreideas.What’smore,studentsseemedtoremembermoreofwhattheyhadbeentaughtwhentheirsciencelessonshadinvolvedart.Toprovethat,Hardimanteamedupwithsomeresearchersandsixlocalschools.Intheexperiment,theresearchersworkedwithteachersin16fifth-gradeclassrooms.Theyprovidedtraditionalsciencelessonsandart-focusedones.Inatraditionalscienceclass,forexample,studentsmightreadtheinformationfromabookaloud.Intheart-focusedone,theymightsingtheinformationinstead.Theteamrandomlyassigned(分配)eachofthe350studentstoeitheratraditionalscienceclassoranart-focusedone.Studentsthenlearnedscienceusingthatwayforthewholeunit—aboutthreeweeks.Whentheychangedtoanewtopic,theyalsochangedtotheothertypeofclass.Thisway,eachstudenthadbothanart-focusedclassandatraditionalone.Everyunitwastaughtinbothways,todifferentgroupsofstudents.Thisenabledtheresearcherstoseehowstudentsdidinbothtypesofclasses.Theteamfoundthatstudentswhostartedoffintraditionalclassesperformedbetteraftertheymovedintoanart-focusedclass.Butthosewhostartedinanart-focusedclassdidwellevenwhentheywentbacktoatraditionalscienceclass.Thesestudentsappearedtousesomeofthearttechniquesaftergoingbacktoatraditionalclass.Classroomteachersreportedthatmanystudentscontinuedtosketch(畫速寫)orsingtohelpremembertheinformation.“Itsuggeststhattheartsmayhelpstudentsapplycreativewaysoflearningontheirown,”Hardimansaid.12.Howdoesthefirstparagraphdevelop?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.C.Byfollowingspaceorder. D.Bymakingcomparisons.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Studentstakeanactivepartwhentheirclassinvolvesart.B.Studentsaremorecreativeinartclassthaninscienceclass.C.Students’learningabilitydependsgreatlyonclassinvolvement.D.Studentsrememberthingsforalongertimeifusingartinclass.14.Whatwerethestudentsrequiredtodointheexperiment?A.Learnthreeunitsintotal.B.Taketwotypesofclasses.C.Learntwotopicsforthreeweeks.D.Choosebetweenatraditionalclassandanart-focusedone.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Itisnoteasytouseartinscienceclass.B.Scienceplaysanimportantroleincreativethinking.C.Artcontributestosciencelearning.D.Art-focusedclassesencourageteamwork.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了藝術可以幫助學生更好地記住他們在科學課上學到的東西?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“Artandsciencemayseemlikeoppositethings.Onemeansthecreativeflowofideas,andtheothermeanscold,harddata—somepeoplebelieve.(藝術和科學似乎是相反的東西。一些人認為，前者意味著創(chuàng)意的流動，而后者意味著冷冰冰的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，第一段是通過把藝術和科學作比較來行文的。故選D。13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“MarialeHardiman,aneducationspecialist,noticedthatstudentswhousedartintheclasslistenedmorecarefully.Theymightaskmorequestions.Theymightvolunteermoreideas.What’smore,studentsseemedtoremembermoreofwhattheyhadbeentaughtwhentheirsciencelessonshadinvolvedart.(教育專家瑪麗亞·哈迪曼注意到，在課堂上使用藝術的學生聽得更認真。他們可能會問更多的問題。他們可能會主動提出更多的想法。更重要的是，當科學課涉及到藝術時，學生們似乎能記住更多的知識。)”可知，當科學課程涉及藝術時，學生上課時更加積極。故選A?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thisway,eachstudenthadbothanart-focusedclassandatraditionalone.Everyunitwastaughtinbothways,todifferentgroupsofstudents.(這樣一來，每個學生既上了藝術課，也上了傳統(tǒng)的課程。每個單元都以兩種方式教授給不同的學生群體。)”可知，學生們在實驗中被要求參與兩種類型的課程。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段末句“Now,astudyfindsartcanhelpstudentsrememberbetterwhattheylearnedinscienceclass.(現(xiàn)在，一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，藝術可以幫助學生更好地記住他們在科學課上學到的東西。)”可知，文章主要介紹了藝術可以幫助學生更好地記住他們在科學課上學到的東西。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Peopleweretoldfromanearlyage,“Youlearnfromyourmistakes.”Butisthistrue?Theansweris“yes”—failurecanbeateachablemoment.____16____Itdoesn’tfeelgood.Sowereacttofailureinemotionalways,likegivinguponatask,tellingourselveswedon’tcare,orfindingfaultwiththetask.Thisisself-protective,accordingtoHallgeirSjastad,aprofessorofpsychologyandleadershipattheNorwegianSchoolofEconomics.Hesays,“____17____Sowhenwefail,itcausesaseriousthreattoourself-image.”Fortunately,thereisaresearchtosuggestthattherearesomestrategiestohelpusovercometheemotionalbarriersaroundfailure.____18____Insteadofasking“WhydidIfail?”,wecouldask“WhydidSamfail?”,forexample.MultiplestudiesbytheUniversityofMichiganshowthatadoptingathird-personperspectivehelpstosoftenournegativeemotionalreactions,allowingustolookatfailuremoreobjectively.____19____Itledtobetterlevelsofmotivationandacademicsuccessinthetestgroups.Thegroupofadultsandchildrenwereaskedtogiveadvicebasedontheirownfailures.Professorsfoundthatthesatisfactionofhelpingothers“forcespeopletoconnectwiththeirexperienceandwhattheyhavelearned”.ThewriterSamuelBeckettoncesaid:“Failagain,failbetter.”Butitnowseemsthatweshouldbesaying:“Failagain,failsmarter”.Failureisanunavoidablepartoflife.____20____A.Butlearningfromourmistakesisveryhardbecausewedon’tliketofail.B.Oneofthemistoadoptathird-personview.C.Youcanquestionothersinsteadofyourselves.D.Buttheroadtosuccessiseasiertofindbylearningtoovercometheemotionalbarriers.E.Asecondstrategyinvolvesofferingadvicetootherswhoareinthesamepositionasus.F.Buthowtoovercomethemisaproblemwecan’tsolvealone.G.Mostofuswanttothinkofourselvesascapable.【答案】16.A17.G18.B19.E20.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了失敗是生活中不可避免的一部分，并介紹了一些方法來幫助我們克服失敗帶來的情感障礙?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Itdoesn’tfeelgood.Sowereacttofailureinemotionalways,likegivinguponatask,tellingourselveswedon’tcare,orfindingfaultwiththetask.(感覺不太好。所以我們對失敗的反應是情緒化的，比如放棄一項任務，告訴自己我們不在乎，或者找任務的毛病。)”可知，下文講述的是面對失敗我們的反應是情緒化的。選項A“Butlearningfromourmistakesisveryhardbecausewedon’tliketofail.(但是從錯誤中學習是非常困難的，因為我們不喜歡失敗。)”與下文內容一致，指的是人們不喜歡失敗的感覺。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Thisisself-protective,accordingtoHallgeirSjastad,aprofessorofpsychologyandleadershipattheNorwegianSchoolofEconomics.(挪威經濟學院心理學和領導力教授HallgeirSjastad表示，這是一種自我保護。)”可知，教授認為對失敗的反應是一種自我保護。選項G“Mostofuswanttothinkofourselvesascapable.(我們大多數(shù)人都認為自己有能力。)”指的是我們對自己的感覺都很好，和空后的“Sowhenwefail,itcausesaseriousthreattoourself-image(所以當我們失敗時，它會對我們的自我形象造成嚴重威脅。)”保持一致，指的是我們大多數(shù)人都會認為自己有能力，而一旦失敗，我們就認為這有損我們的自我形象。故選G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Insteadofasking“WhydidIfail?”,wecouldask“WhydidSamfail?”,forexample.MultiplestudiesbytheUniversityofMichiganshowthatadoptingathird-personperspectivehelpstosoftenournegativeemotionalreactions,allowingustolookatfailuremoreobjectively.(不要問“我為什么失敗了？”，我們可以問“Sam為什么失敗了？”，例如。密歇根大學的多項研究表明，采用第三人稱視角有助于緩和我們的負面情緒反應，讓我們更客觀地看待失敗。)”可推測，空處提到的策略指的是采用第三人稱視角。選項B“Oneofthemistoadoptathird-personview.(其中之一是采用第三人稱視角。)”與下文內容一致，指的是對待失敗的時候用第三人稱視角。故選B?！?9題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內容。根據(jù)下文“Itledtobetterlevelsofmotivationandacademicsuccessinthetestgroups.Thegroupofadultsandchildrenwereaskedtogiveadvicebasedontheirownfailures.Professorsfoundthatthesatisfactionofhelpingothers“forcespeopletoconnectwiththeirexperienceandwhattheyhavelearned”.(在測試組中，它導致了更高水平的動機和學業(yè)上的成功。這組成年人和孩子被要求根據(jù)自己的失敗給出建議。教授們發(fā)現(xiàn)，幫助他人的滿足感“迫使人們把自己的經歷和所學到的東西聯(lián)系起來”。)”可知，本段介紹了第二種策略，即根據(jù)自己的失敗給出建議。選項E“Asecondstrategyinvolvesofferingadvicetootherswhoareinthesamepositionasus.(第二種策略是向與我們處境相同的人提供建議。)”中的“second”與上文有邏輯關系；而內容上也符合本段主要內容。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文內容“ThewriterSamuelBeckettoncesaid:“Failagain,failbetter.”Butitnowseemsthatweshouldbesaying:“Failagain,failsmarter”.Failureisanunavoidablepartoflife.(作家塞繆爾·貝克特曾經說過:“再失敗，失敗得更好。”但現(xiàn)在看來，我們應該說:“再次失敗，更聰明地失敗”。失敗是生活中不可避免的一部分。)”可知，上文認為我們可以聰明地失敗。選項D“Buttheroadtosuccessiseasiertofindbylearningtoovercometheemotionalbarriers.(但是，學會克服情感障礙，通往成功的道路就更容易找到。)”延續(xù)上文內容，指的是失敗不可避免，但是學會克服情感障礙，我們就會聰明地失敗。故選D。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Whenmydaughterwasingradeschool,shebroughthomefourtinybranchesoneday.Theyweresmall____21____giventothestudentstoplant.Noneofthemlookedverystrong,butwitha____22____forthefuture,weplantedtheminourbackyard.Overtheyearsthe____23____soilbroughtanendtothreeofthem.Allthatwas____24____wasasingleevergreen.Itnevergotverytalland____25____tooneside.Then,Inoticedthatitwasstartingto____26____.Thelowerbrancheswerebecomingbrown.Onlythetoponesofthetreewerestill____27____.Ididmybestto____28____itbyfeedingitalotoffertilizer,butitseemedhopeless.OnemorningIwentoutandlookedatitagain,____29____ifitwouldbebettertojustcutitdown.AsI_____30_____totakeacloserlookatit,however,Inoticedsomethingmovingamongthebranches.Itwasabird_____31_____buildinganestinthetopmostbranches.Ismiledand_____32_____thatmaybethisoldtreehadsomelifeandusefulnessleftinityet.Itmaynotbehealthyorpretty,butitwasstillgivingabirda_____33_____.Thistree_____34_____methatallofourliveshaveapurpose.Itdoesn’tmatterifweareyoungandstrong,oroldandsick.Untilourlast_____35_____westillhavethingstodo:loveforustogive,andjoyforustoshare.Wecanhelptomakethisworldabetterandlovelierplace.21.A.flowers B.trees C.seeds D.vegetables22.A.life B.lecture C.hope D.end23.A.rich B.suitable C.awkward D.poor24.A.left B.gone C.debated D.planted25.A.challenged B.bent C.improved D.flew26.A.design B.lose C.grow D.die27.A.green B.brown C.unique D.pretty28.A.save B.schedule C.cut D.use29.A.recommending B.asking C.wondering D.refusing30.A.cleanedup B.walkedover C.signedup D.cameout31.A.hardly B.widely C.unluckily D.busily32.A.explored B.shouted C.thought D.imagined33.A.decision B.home C.goal D.organisation34.A.reminded B.ordered C.explained D.pushed35.A.holiday B.breath C.lesson D.word【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.D27.A28.A29.C30.B31.D32.C33.B34.A35.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了作者種樹的故事，告訴我們所有的生命都有意義，不管我們是老弱病殘，還是年輕力壯，我們都可以幫助這個世界變得更加美好?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們是給學生種植的小樹。A.flowers花；B.trees樹；C.seeds種子；D.vegetables蔬菜。根據(jù)前文“shebroughthomefourtinybranchesoneday”可知，女兒帶回家四根小樹枝，所以是給學生種植的小樹。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它們看起來都不強壯，但懷著對未來的希望，我們把它們種在了后院。A.life生活；B.lecture報告；C.hope希望；D.end結束。根據(jù)前文“but”的轉折和后文“forthefuture”可知，這些小樹看起來都不強壯，但對未來抱有希望。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，貧瘠的土壤導致死了三棵樹。A.rich豐富的；B.suitable合適的；C.awkward令人尷尬的；D.poor可憐的，貧瘠的。根據(jù)常識和后文“soilbroughtanendtothreeofthem”可知，貧瘠的土壤導致樹的死亡。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：只剩下一棵常青樹。A.left留下，剩下；B.gone去；C.debated辯論；D.planted種植。根據(jù)前文分析和前文“Overtheyearsthe____3____soilbroughtanendtothreeofthem.”可知，四棵樹死了三棵樹，只剩下一棵常青樹。故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它永遠不會長得很高，并且它向一邊彎曲。A.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B.bent彎曲；C.improved提高；D.flew飛。根據(jù)常識和后文“tooneside”可知，這棵樹向一邊彎曲。故選B項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，我注意到它開始死去。A.design設計；B.lose失去；C.grow成長；D.die死去。根據(jù)后文“Thelowerbrancheswerebecomingbrown.”可知，下面的樹枝正在變成棕色，預示著樹開始死去。故選D項。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：只有樹的頂端還是綠色的。A.green綠色的；B.brown棕色的；C.unique獨一無二的；D.pretty漂亮的。根據(jù)常識和前文“Thelowerbrancheswerebecomingbrown.Onlythetoponesofthetree