糟糕的睡眠會影響你的心理健康等2則外刊閱讀訓練-2023屆高三英語二復習

外刊精讀精練

糟糕的睡眠會影響你的心理健康

導讀：

我們每個人每天都需要足夠的睡眠來保持和恢復體力。睡眠不足所帶

來的負面影響有哪些？一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)缺覺不僅會影響我們的身體健康而且

還會給我們的心理健康造成危害。本次討論不良睡眠對人的影響。

一、語篇泛讀

Howmuchsleepdoyouneed?Doyoufindthatifyoudon'tget

enoughshut-eyeandwakeupfeelingdopeyzyouspendtherestoftheday

inabadmood?Icertainlyneedmyeighthoursanightandthat'simportant

accordingtoresearch,becausebadsleepisn'tgoodforourhealth.

Weallneedagoodnight'sresttorechargeourbatteries,butaccording

totheSleepCouncilintheUK,theaverageBritongetssix-and-a-halfhours

sleepanight,whichformostpeopleisnotenough.It'stemptingtocutback

onthesleepweget,afterallthereareplentyofothermorefunoruseful

thingstobedoing.Sometimesthepressureofworkoralongcommute

meansthatourheadhitsthepillowmuchlaterthanitshould.Butlotsof

studieshaveshownthatcuttingbackonsleep,deliberatelyorotherwise,

canhaveaseriousimpactonourbodies.

Studieshaveprovedthatsleepdeprivationhasanegativeeffectonour

bodiesbutitcanalsohaveaneffectonourmentalhealth.ABBCprogramme

calledTrustMe,I'maDoctorrananexperimentwiththeUniversityof

Oxfordandwassurprisedtodiscoverhowquicklythemoodofthepeople

theyweretestingchangedwhentheirsleepwasrestrictedtofourhoursa

nightforjustthreenights.Doctoralstudent,SarahReeve,whoranthe

experiment,said:"Therewereincreasesinanxiety,depressionandstress,

alsoincreasesinparanoiaandfeelingsofmistrustaboutotherpeople".

Thisandotherresearchintothementalhealthofstudents,hasfound

thatthelackofsleepincreasesournegativeemotions.IknowthatwhenI'm

sleepdeprived,itishardertofeelpositiveaboutthingsoreventhink

straight!DanielFreeman,professorofclinicalpsychologyatOxford

University,agreesthatinsomniaisbadforourbrain.Hesays:"Wehave

morenegativethoughtswhenwe'resleep-deprivedandwegetstuckin

them".

Badsleepdoesn'tautomaticallymeanyou'llgetmentalhealthissues

butotherstudieshaveshownthatdeprivingpeopleofenoughsleepforonly

afewnightsinarowcanbeenoughtoputhealthyadultsintoapre-diabetic

state.Sowithallthisevidencemaybeweshouldconcentrateonsleeping

well.Thismeansgoingtobedatasensibletimeandcreatingtheright

environmentinthebedroomtorelaxandsleepin.There'salsothemodern

distractionofusingsmartphonesandtabletsatbedtime,temptingustostay

awake.Thebluelightemittedbyelectronicdevicesmakesusfeellesssleepy

Andusingthemstimulatesourbrainwhenitshouldbewindingdown.What

helpsyougetagoodnight'ssleep?

二、詞匯表

shut-eye閉眼,睡眠

wakeup醒來

dopey嗜睡的，迷迷糊糊的

rechargeourbatteries恢復我們的體力

headhitsthepillow頭挨枕頭，睡覺

cutback減少

sleepdeprivation睡眠不足

mentalhealth心理健康

anxiety焦慮（癥）

paranoia多疑，妄想癥

lackofsleep缺覺

negativeemotions負面情緒

thinkstraight清楚地思考，思路清晰

insomnia失眠（癥）

pre-diabeticstate糖尿病前期狀態(tài)

sleepy困的，瞌睡的

stimulate刺激

winddown平靜下來，放松

三、測試與練習

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Trueorfalse?Sixandahalfhoursisnotenoughsleepformost

peopleintheUK.

2.Howmanyhours*sleepdidstudentshaveintheexperimentcarried

outbytheUniversityofOxford?

3.Accordingtoresearch,whathappenstoourmoodwhenwehaveless

sleep?

4.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans'aneffectoraninfluence'?

5.Whatisitaboutusingsmartphonesandtabletsatbedtimethatstops

usgettingtosleep?

請在不參考課文的情況下完成下列練習。選擇一個意思合適的單詞填

入句子的空格處。

1.Shestartedfeelingandwasconvincedherbosswasgoingto

fireher.

dopeyparanoid

insomniastimulating

2.Hesuffersfromdepression,buthecan'tdiscusshiswithhis

employer.

mentallyhealthmentality

mentalhealthshut-eye

3.Afterworkingallnight,Iwasunabletoatthemeetingthe

nextmorning.

cutbackstimulate

thinkstraight

rechargemybatteries

4.Seansuffersfrombecausehedrinkstoomuchcoffeebefore

bedtime.

insomniaacold

shut-eyedopey

5.Aglassofwinereallyhelpsmeafterabusydayatwork.

windupwinding

stimulatewinddown

【參考答案】

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Trueorfalse?Sixandahalfhoursisnotenoughsleepformost

peopleintheUK.

True.AccordingtotheUK'sSleepCouncil,theaverageBritongets

six-and-a-halfhour'ssleepanight,whichformostpeopleisnotenough.

2.Howmanyhours'sleepdidstudentshaveintheexperimentcarried

outbytheUniversityofOxford?

Theirsleepwasrestrictedtofourhoursanightforjustthreenights.

3.Accordingtoresearch,whathappenstoourmoodwhenwehaveless

sleep?

Lackofsleepincreasesournegativeemotionsandwehavemorenegative

thoughts.

4.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans'aneffectoraninfluence1?

Impact.

5.Whatisitaboutusingsmartphonesandtabletsatbedtimethatstops

usgettingtosleep?

Theyemitbluelightandusingthemstimulatesourbrain.

請在不參考課文的情況下完成下列練習。選擇一個意思合適的單詞填

入句子的空格處。

1.Shestartedfeelingparanoidandwasconvincedherbosswasgoing

tofireher.

2.Hesuffersfromdepression,buthecan'tdiscusshismental

healthwithhisemployer.

3.Afterworkingallnight,Iwasunabletothinkstraightatthemeeting

thenextmorning.

4.Seansuffersfrominsomniabecausehedrinkstoomuchcoffeebefore

bedtime.

5.Aglassofwinereallyhelpsmewinddownafterabusydayatwork.

我們離半機械人時代又近了一步

導讀：

多年來，科幻小說一直在不斷地為我們描繪各種體能超強的半機械人

類生活在未來的場景。隨著生物科技的迅速發(fā)展，半機械人類的時代離我

們又近了一步。最新的一項生物科技突破是否證明集成技術的發(fā)展前景無

限光明？本集《外刊精讀》帶你走進生物科技。

一、語篇泛讀

Vocabulary:biotechnology詞匯：生物技術

Iamamassivesciencefictiongeek.EversinceIwasyoung,I'vebeen

captivatedbytalesofinterstellaradventure,aliens,robots,

andcutting-edgetechnology.Ialwayslovedtheconceptofcyborgs.That'sa

human-robothybrid.Theyareordinaryhumanswhohavebeenenhancedin

somewaybytechnology;moreintelligence,fasterspeedorbetterresilience

todiseaseanddamage.Greatideas,butIneverthoughtI'dseetheminmy

lifetime.

Well,Istandcorrected.Integratedbiologyandtechnologyisalready

hereandpeoplehavewastednotimeutilisingittore-engineertheirbodies.

Take,forexample,NeilHarbisson,whohasanantennaprotrudingfromhis

headthatallowshimtohearcolour,orMoonRibas,whohasanimplantthat

allowshertosenseseismicactivity.Now,neitherareabilitiesthatI

particularlycovet,butit'sastart.

Anditdoesn'tendthere.Astechnologyincreasessotoowillourability

toenhanceourselvesthroughit.Oneofthelatestdevelopmentsis

thegraphenetattoo.Notanactualtattooatall,butmorelikeapatch,the

graphenetattoocouldrevolutionisebiomedicalmonitoring.

Itlooksmuchlikeatransparentplaster,butwithagold

colouredcircuitboardcontainedwithinit.Thiscircuitisthegraphene.

Grapheneisaformofcarbon,butit's200timesstrongerthansteel

andconductselectricitybetterthangold,whichisthecomponenttypically

usedinelectronics.

Thehumanbodyisbasicallyanelectricalmachine.Whenincontactwith

theskin,thegrapheneintheplasterisabletoreadandconductthe

electricity-allowingittoeasilybeusedasamedicalmonitorforheart-rate

andpulse,amongotherthings.Andevenmore,graphenetattooscanbe

usedasbioelectroniccontrollers,asdemonstratedbyoneengineerwho

attachedthemtohiseyelidsinordertodirectwhichwayadroneflew,just

bylookingwithhiseyes!

Iknowthatbiotechnologyisalongwayfromallowinghumanstobe

abletoliftacarorrunhalf-wayaroundtheworldinasingleday,likeI

wantedtobeabletodowhenIwasachild.But,it'simprovingallthetime

andoncethepriceofgraphenefaIls,whoknowswhatelsewe'llbeableto

do?I'llseeyouinthefuture!

二、詞匯表

geek呆子，極客

interstellar星際的

cutting-edge前沿的

cyborg半機械人

hybrid混合體

enhanced強化的，增強的

integrated合成一體的

re-engineer重建，重新組合

antenna觸角

protrude伸出

implant植入

seismic地震的，造成嚴重破壞的

covet渴望，貪求

graphene石墨烯

patch貼布,貼片

transparent透明的

circuitboard電路版

carbon碳

conduct傳導（電）

component零部件,組成部分

bioelectronic生物電子的

三、測試與練習

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Accordingtothearticle,whatisacyborg?

2.Whichenhancementsdothetwocyborgsmentionedinthearticle

have?

3.Whyisgraphenesuchausefulmaterial?

4.Apartfrombiomedicalapplications,whatotherusecangraphene

have?

5.Trueorfalse:Thehumanbodyisexactlythesameasabattery.

請在不參考課文的情況下完成下列練習。選擇一個意思合適的單詞填

入句子的空格處。

1.AskJohnanythingyouwantaboutmusicinthe1960s.Whenitcomes

tothatstuff,he'ssucha.

cyborggeek

hybridintegrated

2.Don'thaveanyelectronicsinthebathroom.Waterelectricity

andyoucouldgethurt.

re-engineersimplats

transparentconducts

3.Ilovetheirlatestalbum.They'realwaysattheofwhat

anyoneisdoinginthemusicindustry.

cutting-edgeimplant

patchbiotechnology

4.Onedaytechnologywilladvancesofarthattravelwillbea

dailyoccurrence.We'llbeabletogotoothersolarsystems!

cutting-edgecyborg

integratedinterstellar

5.ThisspeciesoftomatoisactuallyaoftheAmericanand

Europeanvarieties.

cyborghybrid

seismicpatch

【參考答案】

閱讀課文并回答問題。

1.Accordingtothearticle,whatisacyborg?

Acyborgisahuman-robothybrid.Theyareordinaryhumanswhohave

beenenhancedinsomewaybytechnology.

2.Whichenhancementsdothetwocyborgsmentionedinthearticle

have?

Onehasanantennaprotrudingfromhisheadwhichallowshimtoh