托福寫作172句型

./〔論證positive方面常用Besupposedto–should應(yīng)該…Infact,goingonadietissupposedtobemorethanjusteatinglittle.Itshouldalsobeabouteatinghealthily.實(shí)際上,節(jié)食應(yīng)該不只關(guān)乎吃得少,也應(yīng)關(guān)乎吃得健康.Holdfastto-牢牢的把握住Inhisbiography,themassageofperseveranceandholdingfasttoone’sdreamsinthefaceofadversityisverystrong.他的傳記非常強(qiáng)調(diào)堅(jiān)持不懈與不放棄夢(mèng)想的精神.近義詞：putahighvalueon/treasure/cherish/value/putemphasison/attachgreatimportancetoBearinmind-牢記Bearinmindthatthenextgenerationofcellphoneisjustaroundthecorner.請(qǐng)牢記,新一代手機(jī)已呼之欲出.Thereisnobetterwayto...thanto...……是做某事做好的方法沒有比運(yùn)動(dòng)更好的減肥方法了Goalongway大有幫助Sincerepraise,encouragementandappreciationgoalongway-evenjustsaying"thankyou"leavesalastingimpression.真誠的表揚(yáng),鼓勵(lì)與贊賞總是非常有效地,即使只是一句謝謝也給對(duì)方留下長久的印象.It’sworthwhileto.../beworthdoingsth-值得做某事Beforeyouvoteforacertaincandidateinanelection,it’sworthwhiletofindhis/hertrueworth.在你為某位大選候選人投票前,值得去發(fā)現(xiàn)他的真正價(jià)值.Givesb.thecreditfor...把……歸功于某人It’sgenerallyrecognizedthatEdwardJennershouldbegiventhecreditfordefeatingthediseaseofsmallpox.人們普遍認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)勝天花這種疾病的功勞應(yīng)歸功于愛德華-詹納.Enablesb.todosth./equipsb.withtheabilitytodosth.讓某人可以做……Technically,thenewbillenablesthepresidenttoshutdowntheInternetwhenmajorthreatstointernetareidentified.嚴(yán)格意義上講,新的議案讓總統(tǒng)可以在確認(rèn)出現(xiàn)主要網(wǎng)絡(luò)威脅時(shí),關(guān)閉因特網(wǎng).Drawon-借鑒...利用…Asafriendandmentor,shedrewonhumor,abeautifulspiritandherfaithintheAboriginalculturetoaccomplishherwork.作為朋友和導(dǎo)師,她利用幽默感,良好的性格以及對(duì)原住民文化的信仰完成了工作.Boostefficiency/productivity-提高效率/生產(chǎn)率Automationprobablyboostsproductivityeventhoughitmaymakejobevenstressful.盡管自動(dòng)化可能會(huì)使工作變得更緊張,但卻顯著提高了生產(chǎn)力.Givesb.acompetitiveedge-給某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)Foreignlanguageskillsgivepeopleacompetitiveedgeinthisageofglobalization.在全球化時(shí)代背景下,外語技能是一項(xiàng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)isagateway/passportto...……是通向某一目標(biāo)的途徑Students’performanceonstandardizedtestshasbecomeagatewaytotheopportunitiesthatliebeforeastudentwhentheycompletetheirstudies.當(dāng)學(xué)生完成學(xué)業(yè)后,他們?cè)跇?biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)試中的表現(xiàn)已成為他們通向未來機(jī)遇的一種途徑.enlargeone’soutlook/broadenone’shorizons-開闊某人眼界,拓展視野Encouragingstudentstostudyaforeignlanguageisawaytoenlargetheiroutlookandraisetheirculturalawareness.鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生學(xué)一門外語是開闊他們眼界與提高他們文化意識(shí)的一種途徑isagoodvehiclefor...一種有效手段Humorisgenerallyconsideredagoodvehicleforcross-culturalcommunication.幽默感被普遍認(rèn)為是跨文化交流中的一種有效手段.Generate<…employment>opportunities創(chuàng)造〔就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)Internationaltradecangeneratemoreemploymentopportunitiesforthedomesticjobmarket.國際貿(mào)易能為國內(nèi)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)就會(huì).dedicateAtoB/spendAonB-把A<金錢、時(shí)間、精力等>用到B這個(gè)目的上MultibillionaireslikeBillGatesandRichardBransonhavededicatedlargeamountsofmoneytohumanitarianinitiatives.如比爾蓋茨與理查德-布蘭森這樣的億萬富翁已向人道主義事業(yè)投入巨額資金.assume/shouldertheresponsibilityfor...承擔(dān)起……的責(zé)任Educatorshouldassumetheresponsibilityforensuringthatcultural,languageandlearningdifferencesareaddressedinteaching.教育者因承擔(dān)起確保教學(xué)中出現(xiàn)的文化、語言與學(xué)習(xí)差異得到處理的責(zé)任.bemindfulof/paycloseattentionto..-關(guān)注…Thebigcompanyshouldbemoremindfulofandsensitivetotheenvironmentalneedsofthelocalcommunities.大公司應(yīng)該應(yīng)更加關(guān)注與留意當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的環(huán)境需求isalifelongprocess-是持續(xù)一生的過程Learningasbecomealifelongprocess,notjustbecauseoftheindividualneeds,butalsobecauseoftheever-increasingpressure.學(xué)習(xí)已成為一種持續(xù)一生的過程,這不只出于個(gè)人需求,還緣于不斷增長的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力.Putintopractice-把……投入實(shí)踐Puttingnewideasintopracticeisfarmoredifficultthanhavingthem.將新理念付諸實(shí)踐比想出他們要難得多.Fulfillone’spotential-發(fā)揮某人的潛力Hismanagementstylederivesfromthebeliefthatworkingunderpressurehelpsemployeesfulfilltheirpotential.他的管理風(fēng)格源于在壓力下工作能幫助員工發(fā)揮潛力這一觀念.近義詞Stretchsb./makesb.StretchThereisnoshameinnotmeetingallofourgoals,aslongasourgoalsmakeusstretch.Forexample,ifwewanttorunamarathoninunderthreehours,we’lltraindifferentlythanifwewanttorunitinfourhours.只要我們的目標(biāo)讓我們發(fā)揮了潛力,我們便無需因?yàn)槲赐瓿晌覀兯械哪繕?biāo)而慚愧.舉個(gè)例子來說,如果我們想在三個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)跑完馬拉松,那么我們的訓(xùn)練方法就和想在四個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)跑完的不一樣.Mypresentjobdoesn’tstretchme,soI’mlookingforsomethingmoredemanding.我目前的工作無法讓我發(fā)揮自己的潛力,所以我正在找一份更具挑戰(zhàn)性的工作.Fromwithin...-來自內(nèi)心深處Whenyoufeeluncomfortablewithyourcircumstance,listentoyourself,yourownexperiences,yourownthoughtsandyourgiftsfromwithin,whicharerealandtrue.當(dāng)你對(duì)自己的現(xiàn)狀感到不適時(shí),傾聽來自你內(nèi)心深處自己的心聲、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、想法以及天賦,這些都是最真實(shí)的.Removethebarrierfor消除障礙Machinetranslationwasintendedtohelpremovethebarrierforcommunicationbetweenpeoplewhodonotspeakthesamelanguage.機(jī)器翻譯本來旨在幫助消除講不同語言的人們之間的交流障礙.Beintunewith與……一致〔和諧SomeAmericanscholarsarguethatJohnDewey’sthoughtisthoroughlyintunewiththeAsianphilosophies.一些美國學(xué)者認(rèn)為約翰-杜威的思想與亞洲哲學(xué)完全一致.Keeppacewith...-與……同步發(fā)展Forthefirsttimeinfiveyears,seniorexecutives’salariesdidn’tkeeppacewithinflation.高級(jí)執(zhí)行官的工資水平五六年來第一次未跟上通貨膨脹的腳步.Promotethedevelopmentof...-促進(jìn)……的發(fā)展TheextensiveuseofEnglishasagloballanguagehashelpedpromotethedevelopmentofahostofinternationalorganizations.英語作為一種全球語言被廣泛使用促進(jìn)了大量的國際組織的發(fā)展..Raisepeople’sawarenessof...提高人們的某種意識(shí)Theelectronicmedia,therefore,havetheobligationtohelpraisethepublicawarenessofthecrisis.因此,電子媒體有義務(wù)幫助提升公眾的危機(jī)意識(shí)hasfoundone’sniche-找到了屬于某人自己的一片天地Chrishasfoundhisnicheasahigh-schoolbaseballcoach.克里斯在高中棒球教練這一職位上找到了屬于自己的一片天地.Bethecornerstoneof...是……的基石ThestrongbeliefinindividualismhasbeenthecornerstoneofAmericathroughouthishistory.對(duì)個(gè)人注意的堅(jiān)定信仰一直以來是美國的基石.BedrockMarriageandchildrenarethebedrockoffamilylife.婚姻與孩子是家庭生活的基石.Beanessentialingredientof...是……的必備條件Thedevelopmentofnewproductsisanessentialingredientofcorporatesuccess.新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)是公司成功的必要條件.近義palyapivotal/crucialrolein在……中起關(guān)鍵作用Architectsplayapivotalroleintheimprovementofthemoderncityscape.建筑師在提升現(xiàn)代城市景觀方面扮演了關(guān)鍵的作用.近義Aisanessential/integral/indispensablepartofB.A是B不可缺少的一部分Overthepastdecades,digitaltechnologyhasemergedasanessentialpartofoureverydaylifeatworkandathome.在過去幾十年里,數(shù)字技術(shù)已成為我們?nèi)粘９ぷ饔诩彝ド钪胁豢扇鄙俚牟糠?近義ispartandparcelof...是……最核心的部分Thisprogramwaspartandparcelofhiselectioncampaign.這個(gè)活動(dòng)是他競(jìng)選活動(dòng)中最核心的部分.Sharpenone’sintellect提高某人用知識(shí)去分析問題的能力Ourfriendsarenotallthesame:Onefriendbringsoutourathleticside-werunorgotothegymtogether.Anothersharpensourintellectwithdebateanddiscussion.Yetanotherisourfavoritecompanionforgoingtothemoviesorouttodinner.我們的朋友各不相同,有些激發(fā)我們的運(yùn)動(dòng)細(xì)胞,比如我們和他們一起跑步或去健身房.另一些通過與我們辯論與討論提升了我們的才智.還有一些則是我們約去看電影或上館子吃飯的不二人選.Achieveandmaintainsth.實(shí)現(xiàn)并保持某種狀態(tài)Oneofthekeystoachievingandmaintainingahealthyweightisportioncontrol.達(dá)到并保持健康體重的關(guān)鍵之一是控制食量.Beapositivealternative...某事是有益的替代方式Clearly,thisisapositivealternativeformotivatedparentsandtheirchildren.顯然,這是積極的家長與學(xué)生的有益的替代方式.對(duì)比themainstreamof...主流Duetotheever-increasingconcernoverclimatechanges,environmentalideashavebeenabsorbedintothemainstreamofAmericanpolitics.Butwhattrulymattersisaction,nottalk,asPresidentObamaaptlyremarkedabouttheCopenhagenAccord.由于人們對(duì)氣候變化的擔(dān)憂與日俱增,環(huán)保觀念已被美國主流政治吸收,但關(guān)鍵是行動(dòng),不是言論,正如奧巴馬總統(tǒng)對(duì)哥本哈根協(xié)議所做的恰當(dāng)評(píng)論.Participatein/takepartin參與Encouragingkidstoparticipateinanorganizedsportlikesoccer,gymnastics,icehockey,orfigureskating,isanothergreatwaytogettheminvolvedinphysicalactivity.鼓勵(lì)孩子參加如足球、體操、冰球或花樣滑冰這樣有組織的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)是讓他們參與體育活動(dòng)的另一條極佳的途徑.Affordpeoplethesenseofbelonging/thesenseoffulfillment/thesenseofachievement給人們歸屬感/成就感Thesenseofbelongingtoateamoraworkingcommunityalsocontributestojobsatisfactionascolleagueshelpeachotherenjoytheirworkinglives.對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)和工作社區(qū)的歸屬感也有益于幫助員工實(shí)現(xiàn)工作滿意感,因?yàn)橥麻g通過相互幫助來享受工作生活isamaindrivingforcebehind...是……的主要推動(dòng)力Competitionhasbeenamaindrivingforcebehindproductivitythroughouthehistoryofthemarket-orientedeconomy.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力一直是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)下生產(chǎn)力的主要推動(dòng)力.Reversethedamageto...挽回對(duì)……的破壞They’reconstructingfacilitiestoreversetheflooddamagetothetown.他們正建造設(shè)施來挽回洪水給這座城鎮(zhèn)帶來的破壞.isaperfectcomplementto...是對(duì)……的極好補(bǔ)充Thissystemhasthepotentialtodevelopintoaperfectcomplementtoantivirussoftwareandfirewalls.這個(gè)系統(tǒng)有潛力成為殺毒軟件與防火墻的極好補(bǔ)充.Beinaccordancewith與……一致,符合.類似的表達(dá)還有beinlinewith和beinkeepingwithTheauthoritiesmustensurethatthingsproceedinaccordancewiththelaw.當(dāng)局必須確保事情依法發(fā)展.反義beincompatiblewith/beatoddswith/clashwithCatchaglimpseof...很快地了解一下某種事物,走馬觀花Visitorstothegallerycaughtaglimpseofthepainters’observationsandfantasies.參觀畫廊的游客對(duì)畫家的觀察和幻想做了走馬觀花般的一瞥.Integrate/o...將……結(jié)合進(jìn)……Thisprojectbroughttogetheragroupofteacherswhocreatedmultimedialearningobjectsthatincorporateinnovativeusesoftechnologyintothecurriculum,toenhancestudents’learningandillustratenewwaysofthinking.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目匯聚多位教師,這些教師將技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新運(yùn)用結(jié)合到課程中去,制作出多媒體學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)象,旨在增強(qiáng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)效果、闡明新的思想方式.Giveprioritytosth.給什么優(yōu)先權(quán)Thefinite<≈limited>budgetrequiresthegovernmenttogiveprioritytotheoptimization<優(yōu)化>ofitsfinancialresources.有限的預(yù)算要求政府優(yōu)先對(duì)財(cái)政資源進(jìn)行優(yōu)化.Inject...into...把……注入,賦予……Eventhoughthewordfairnessissomewhatelusive,Americanshavemanagedtoinjectmanymeaningsintoit.盡管平等的定義飄忽不定,美國人還是賦予這個(gè)詞許多意義.Exploreeveryavenuetoward...去探索完成……的各種途徑TheAmericangovernmentwillexploreeveryavenuetowardpeaceinthisregion.美國政府將尋求各種途徑以確保這一區(qū)域的和平.Awakentheconscienceofsociety喚起社會(huì)的良知和責(zé)任感TheyworkedinWomen’sSheltertoprotectthebatteredandabusedwomen,toawakentheconscienceofsocietyandtoarousecompassion.他們?cè)?婦女避難所"工作,保護(hù)那些遭毆打、虐待的婦女,旨在喚起社會(huì)的良知.Unravelthemystery/thedetailof...解釋清楚本來很難理解的情況Lifesciencehasnotcompletelyunraveledthemysteryofgenesyet.生命科學(xué)還未徹底解開基因的秘密.Farfrombeing...完全不是Farfrombeingamateurs,thesekidsknowthegamerulesinsideout〔對(duì)……了如指掌.這些孩子挺專業(yè)的,這些孩子對(duì)這項(xiàng)比賽的規(guī)則了如指掌.Thespacetrashproblemisfarfrombeingsolved.Infact,alleffortstobringdownspacetrashhavefailedglaringlyand,ironically,haveledtoevenmoretrashintheouterspace.太空垃圾問題遠(yuǎn)未解決,實(shí)際上,所有減少太空垃圾的努力都遭到慘重的失敗,具有諷刺意味的是,這些努力在太空產(chǎn)生了更多的垃圾.Satisfy/accommodatetheneedsof...滿足...的需求Weshouldmakesurethattheneedsofindividualstudents’areaccommodatedandtheassessmentpracticesarealignedto<與...一致>thelarningprocess.我們應(yīng)確保個(gè)體學(xué)生的需求得到滿足,以及評(píng)估與學(xué)習(xí)過程的一致性.Areobligatedto...有義務(wù)去做某事InsomeAmericanuniversities,graduatestudentsarenotobligatedtohavetheirsupervisorfortheirthesis.在一些美國的大學(xué),研究室無須請(qǐng)指導(dǎo)教師作他們的論文導(dǎo)師.Makeitapointto...〔makesure/ensurethat確保去做某事Journalistsmakeitapointtoknowverylittleaboutanextremelywidevarietyoftopics.Thisishowwestayobjective.記者應(yīng)確保自己對(duì)各類新聞主題都有涉獵amilestone/milepostin...在...過程中是個(gè)標(biāo)志性事件Movingoutofhisparents’homewasamilestoneintheentrepreneur’slife.從父母家搬出去住是這個(gè)企業(yè)家人生中的一個(gè)里程碑.ThebillisanimportantmilestoneinpreservingAmericannaturalresources.這個(gè)議案在保護(hù)美國自然資源方面具有標(biāo)志性的意義isthecradleof...是……的發(fā)源地Boston,ormorespecifically,FaneuilHall,issometimesreferredtoastheCradleofLiberty.波士頓,更確切地說是該市的法尼爾廳,有時(shí)被稱為自由的搖籃Takesanctuaryin...在……中找到避風(fēng)港IfIwantsomepeaceandquiet,Itakesanctuaryinmystudy.如果我想要一些平靜,學(xué)習(xí)就是我的避風(fēng)港.Homeismysanctuary,theplacewhereIcanescapetheworld.家是我的避風(fēng)港,一個(gè)讓我遠(yuǎn)離塵囂的地方.Gain/gather/losemomentum勢(shì)頭增強(qiáng)/減弱AswitchtorenewableenergyresourceshasbeengainingmomentuminmanyportionsoftheWesternU.S.inresponsetotheenvironmentalists’concerns.作為對(duì)環(huán)保人士擔(dān)憂的回應(yīng),轉(zhuǎn)向可再生能源的勢(shì)頭在美國西部一些區(qū)域的勢(shì)頭正不斷增強(qiáng).Risetooccasion迎難而上Beingpreparedgivesoneenoughconfidencetorisetotheoccasionanddeliverwhathe/sheknowsbest.做好準(zhǔn)備給人們足夠的信心迎難而上,并展現(xiàn)出自己最好的一面.Exudeconfidence/sympathy/anairofwealthandpower〔某人渾身散發(fā)著某種品FDRwasapproachableandexudedoptimismandvision.富蘭克林和藹可親,全身上下還散發(fā)著一股積極樂觀的品質(zhì).Alaboroflove發(fā)自內(nèi)心心甘情愿地去做的努力Hedidallthisasalaboroflove.Hedidn’tneedanyrecognitionforit.他做這一切是心甘情愿地,并不需要任何認(rèn)可.Getintotheswingofthings去努力熟悉,適應(yīng)身邊的事物Don’tbetoohardonyourself.Movingtoanewcountrycanbereallystressfulandit’lltakeawhileforyoutogetintotheswingofthings.別對(duì)自己太苛刻,搬到一個(gè)新的國家的確會(huì)帶來壓力,需要一段時(shí)間去適應(yīng).倒退類〔論證negative方面常用Beatrisk處在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)中Ifacompanycannotkeepprofitswellabovethebreak-evenpoint,itsfutureisatrisk.如果一家公司不能保持器利潤遠(yuǎn)高于收支平衡點(diǎn),那么其未來堪憂.近義runtheriskof...冒……的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)/beinperil意思接近,但語氣更強(qiáng),一般是很大的危險(xiǎn)beatstake處在危險(xiǎn)中/put...tothetest讓...經(jīng)受考驗(yàn)...Fewofushaveeverstoppedtothinkabout...很少有人去考慮……Probablyfewofushaveeverstoppedtothinkabouthowourpresent-dayconceptoftimeandwaysofmeasuringitcameabout.可能很少有人去考慮我們今天對(duì)時(shí)間以及如何衡量時(shí)間的概念是如何逐漸形成的.Beconcernedabout...對(duì)……很關(guān)注,擔(dān)憂CanadaisdeeplyconcernedaboutlosingitsprofessionalstotheUnitedStates.Taxesareabigfactorinthis"braindrain".ButtheaveragefamilieslivingintheUnitedStatesarenotnecessarilybetteroffintermsofdisposableincome,thantheirCanadiancounterparts.加拿大對(duì)專業(yè)人才外流美國的現(xiàn)象十分關(guān)注.稅收是引起這一人才外流的一個(gè)主要因素.但是就可支配收入而言,美國中等收入家庭的生活水平并不一定高于加拿大的中等收入家庭.Haveahardtimedoingsth.很難實(shí)現(xiàn)或者完成某事You’llhaveahardtimefallingasleeporwakeupearlierthandesiredifyoucontinuetothinkandworry.如果你繼續(xù)擔(dān)憂的話,你會(huì)出現(xiàn)失眠與早醒的問題.Beatoddswithsth.與……不符/沖突Theirfindingswereatoddswiththepreviousresearchresults,whichsuggestedthattheremightbesomeproblemswiththemethodsusedinthepreviousexperiments.他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)與之前的條查結(jié)果不符,這表明之前的實(shí)驗(yàn)方法可能存在一些問題.近義clashwithsth./beincompatiblewithBethreatenedwith...受到……的威脅Largenumberofanimalsandplantsarebeingthreatenedwithextinction,mainlyasaconsequenceofhumanactivities.大量植物正受到滅絕的威脅,這主要是人類活動(dòng)造成的結(jié)果.PutathreattoAbideby/complywith/conformto遵守〔法律、法規(guī)等WeswearthatwewilltakepartintheseOlympicGamesinthetruespiritofsportsmanshipandthatwewillrespectandabidebytheruleswhichgovernthem,forthegloryofsportandthehonorofourcountry.我們宣誓,為體育之光榮及祖國之榮譽(yù),我們?cè)诒荣愡^程中將尊重并服從真正體現(xiàn)體育精神的奧運(yùn)規(guī)則verylittle,ifany,...只有很少,如果有的話Somescientistsbelievethathumanactivityhasverylittle,ifany,impactontherecentwarmingtrendonEarth.一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為如果人類活動(dòng)隊(duì)近來地球變暖的趨勢(shì)有影響的話,影響也很小.Beoverlydependent/relianton...對(duì)某事過度依賴Technology,originallyintendedto〔beintendedtodosth.被用來實(shí)現(xiàn)……的目的liberatewehumans,hassuccessfullymadeusoverlydependentonit.技術(shù)原本旨在解放人類,卻已成功的讓我們對(duì)其產(chǎn)生了過度依賴.Behard-pressedto...=finditdifficultto...DuringtheChristmasseason,peoplearehard-pressedtofindanicerestaurantwithemptyseats.圣誕期間,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難在好的餐廳找到空位.Beinshortsupply供應(yīng)短缺Insomedevelopingcountries,schoolclassesareverylarge,rangingfrom50to100studentsandclassroomresourcesareinshortsupply.在一些發(fā)展中國家,學(xué)校里的班級(jí)很大,規(guī)模從50-100人不等,且教室短缺.表示短缺的名詞lack/shortage/scarcity/dearthWidenthegapbetween...and...加大兩者間的差距Atpresent,thetechnologyavailabletoindividualsisactuallywideningthegapbetweentherichandthepoorratherthannarrowingit.目前,個(gè)人所能獲得的技術(shù)實(shí)際上擴(kuò)大了富人與窮人之間的差距,而非縮短.近義narrowthegapbetween/bridgethegapbetween/closethegapbetweenInpartbecause.../partlybecause...部分因?yàn)镮nAmerica,thosewhooftenmovelongdistancearegenerallythekindofpeoplewhoplaythemajorroleinholdingthecommunitytogether,inpart/partlybecausetheyaremoreconfidentandhavebettercareeropportunities.在美國,遠(yuǎn)途遷居的人一般在促進(jìn)社區(qū)凝聚力中扮演著主要角色,這部分是因?yàn)樗麄兏孕徘覔碛懈玫芈殬I(yè)發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì).Frownon...對(duì)……皺眉頭/不滿/不悅ManyAmericancitizensfrownedontheastronomicalbudgetdeficitoftheirgovernment.許多美國公民對(duì)政府天文數(shù)字般的財(cái)政赤字表示不滿.If...,...willensue如果……,某種結(jié)果跟隨而來Disasterswillensueiftheyremainunreadylikethis.如果他們還是像這樣不做準(zhǔn)備的話,災(zāi)難將接踵而來hoverathighlevels……居高不下Theunemploymentratehasbeenhoveringathistoricallyhighlevelsthisyear.今年的失業(yè)率在歷史高位上居高不下.Beinundatedwithsth./besaturatedwithsth.充斥著……Theupcomingvideogameswillbesaturatedwithbloodandnudity.這款即將上市的視頻游戲?qū)⒊涑庵扰c裸露鏡頭.Besubjectto...經(jīng)受、遭受……Homeschooledchildrenarelesssubjecttothestressandpressureexperiencedbyconventionalstudentswhospendsix,seven,oreighthoursadaywiththeirpeer.與每天花六七個(gè)小時(shí),甚至八個(gè)小時(shí)與同齡人在一起的傳統(tǒng)學(xué)生相比,在家受教育的孩子經(jīng)受較少的壓力.Acanbeattributed/ascribedtoBA可以歸功于BManycasesofeatingdisorderscanbeattributedtoanxietyorasenseofguilt.許多飲食失調(diào)都是由于焦慮和內(nèi)疚造成的.近義AisattributabletoB.A的根源是BBistherootcauseofAA的根源是BThepopulationexplosionhasbeentherootcauseofthepersistentwaterscarcity.人口數(shù)量爆發(fā)式增長是長期水源短缺的根源.AstemsfromB.A的根源是BTheirdisagreementmainlystemmedfrommisunderstanding.他們之間分歧的根源緣自誤解.Besusceptibleto容易受到來自……的負(fù)面影響Childrentendtobemoresusceptibletoadvertising,especiallywhentheyviewtheadvertisingalone.兒童更容易受到廣告的影響,尤其在他們獨(dú)自觀看廣告時(shí).Distractsb.From...分散某人的注意力Thereareeducationalvideogamesthat,insteadofdistractingstudentsfromtheirclasses,actuallymakestudentsmoreacademically-motivated.具有教育意義的視頻游戲不會(huì)使學(xué)生從學(xué)習(xí)中分心,實(shí)際上,這樣的游戲讓學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)更加投入.Attheexpense/costof...以……為代價(jià)Theeconomyshouldnotbedevelopedattheexpenseofrecklessdepletionofnaturalresourcesanddegradationoftheenvironment.經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不應(yīng)以不顧后果地開采自然資源與環(huán)境的惡化為代價(jià).Besth.downthedrain是白白扔掉的You’vealreadyspentalotofmoneyfixingyourcar.Spendingevenmorejustbemoneydownthedrain.你已經(jīng)花了大把的錢修你的車,花更多錢的話,你的錢只會(huì)打水漂.Runcontraryto與……背道而馳Theirargumentsruncontrarytotheoverwhelmingevidencethattechnologyenhancesefficiencyinalmostallfields.他們的觀點(diǎn)與技術(shù)提升幾乎所有領(lǐng)域效率的觀點(diǎn)背道而馳.erodetheculturalidentity/nationalpride侵蝕文化特性/民族自豪感ExtinctionofnativelanguageshasbeenerodingtheculturalidentityofNativeAmericans.原住民語言的消失正侵蝕美國原住民的文化特性.It’swrongtoequate...with...把……等同于……是錯(cuò)誤的It’swrongtoequatehappinesswithbiggerhouseorabiggerbankaccount.把幸福等同于更大的房子與更多的存款是錯(cuò)誤的.Beconfrontedwithsth.面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)、危機(jī)、困難等Today,theAmericanparentswhoareconfrontedwithaplethoraofviolentandpornographicTVshowsareactuallydividedaboutthisissue.時(shí)下,美國的家長對(duì)電視節(jié)目充斥著暴力與色情這個(gè)問題的看法不一.Copysth.mechanically機(jī)械地抄襲Today,somepublic-schoolyoungteachershavenoalternativebuttocopy,verymechanically,thetechniquesusedbytheirownteachersfifteenyearsago.當(dāng)今,一些公立學(xué)校的年輕教師只是非常機(jī)械地復(fù)制他們自己的老師15年期所使用的教學(xué)技術(shù),而沒有使用任何替代技術(shù)isnotapanaceafor…某方案不是解決某問題的萬能藥CharterschoolarenotapanaceaforthedeficiencyfoundinAmericanpublicschools.寄宿之學(xué)校并不是解決美國公立學(xué)校不足之處的萬能藥.Beaddictedtosth./bepreoccupiedwithsth.對(duì)負(fù)面事物上癮ManyAmericanteensaresoaddictedtosocialnetworkingwebsiteslikeFacebookandTwittertheyandspendhoursonthemdaily.許多美國青少年對(duì)如Facebook,Twitter這樣的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上癮.他們每天都在上泡上數(shù)小時(shí).Beabsorbedin.../beengrossedin…后面不一定跟負(fù)面事物Driveupthecrimerate導(dǎo)致犯罪率上升Theunprecedentedlyhighunemploymentrateisdrivingupthealreadyalarmingviolentcrimerate.史無前例的高失業(yè)率催升了本已高企的暴力犯罪率.Exertdetrimentalinfluenceupon/haveadverseeffecton對(duì)……有負(fù)面影響Long-distanceflightsareaclassictrade-off.Ontheonehand,theymakethingsaloteasierforinternationaltravelersandmultinationalcompanies.Ontheotherhand,agreatdealofdetrimentalinfluencehasbeenexertedupontheenvironmentbythejumbojets.長途航班是典型的雙刃劍.一方面,對(duì)于國際游客和跨國公司來說,它們使事情變得簡單得多.另一方面,巨型飛機(jī)對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生了大量負(fù)面影響.Sth.isunwarranted/unjustifiable某種做法很不合理Performanceofexperimentsuponlabanimalswithoutefforttoalleviatetheirpainisunwarranted.在實(shí)驗(yàn)室動(dòng)物身上做實(shí)驗(yàn)而不采取措施減輕他們的痛苦的做法很不合理.Spinoutofcontrol失去控制ThedemandforeconomicgrowthishelpingmaketheAmericanconsumerismspinoutofcontrol.對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的需求正為美國消費(fèi)者保護(hù)主義的失去控制推波助瀾.Losetrackof失去對(duì)某事的管理It’seasyforpeopletolosetrackoftimewhentheyusetheinternet.人們網(wǎng)上沖浪時(shí)容易忘了時(shí)間.Arenotcompatiblewith.../areincompatiblewith...與……不一致或協(xié)調(diào)Wewanttobesafe,butwealsowanttobeadventurous,eventhoughthetwodon’tseemcompatiblewitheachother.我們想要安全,但我們也想冒險(xiǎn),盡管這兩樣看起來并不一致.Belikelytofallpreyto/bevulnerableto容易成為……的受害者SomemedicalprofessionalsassumethattheelderlymaybevulnerabletothesideeffectsofH1N1vaccination.一些醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人士推測(cè)年長的人可能容易受到H1N1疫苗副作用的影響.Sth.shouldbecondemnedratherthancondoned某事應(yīng)該被譴責(zé)而不是被寬恕Thespokesmanshouldbecondemnedratherthancondonedforwhatwere,essentially,racistremarks.這位發(fā)言人應(yīng)為其本質(zhì)上的種族主義言論而受到譴責(zé)而不是被寬恕.What’sthegoodof...?……又如何呢？What’sthegoodofhavingmoreadvancedpublictransitifit’sincreasinglydifficulttotransportindustrialandagriculturalproducts.如果運(yùn)輸工農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品變得越發(fā)困難,那么擁有更先進(jìn)的公共運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)又有何用呢.Liveinpoverty/misery/frustration/anxiety生活在貧困/困苦/沮喪/焦慮中Livinginmisery,thesepeoplehavenochancetoreceiveeducation,whichmightbetheonlywaythatcanliftthemoutofpoverty.這些不幸的人沒有機(jī)會(huì)接受教育,而教育可能是引領(lǐng)他們走出貧困的唯一途徑.Diminishindividuals’leisuretime減少某人的休閑時(shí)間Theacceleratingpaceofurbanlifeseriouslydiminishesindividuals’leisuretimeandcausespsychologicalstrain.城市神火節(jié)奏變得越來越快,這大大減少了人們的休閑時(shí)間,并造成持續(xù)的心里壓力.Stiflecreativity扼殺創(chuàng)造力Inthesameyear,somescholarsbegantoarguethatcopyrightlawsmightstiflecreativity.同一年,一些學(xué)者開始提出版權(quán)法可能扼殺創(chuàng)造力的觀點(diǎn).Beafflictedby遭受……Interestingly,notjustmanywomen,butmanymenaswell,areafflictedbycompulsiveshopping.有趣的是不只是女人,許多男人也受強(qiáng)迫購物欲望的困擾.Beobliviousto對(duì)……完全無視Oblivioustoourlimits,weattemptthingsthatwecan’treallyhandle.我們?nèi)徊活欁约旱木窒扌?嘗試我們不能應(yīng)付的事情.Causegraveconcerns引起嚴(yán)重關(guān)注TheH1N1epidemichascausedgraveconcernsandtheelderly,pregnantwomen,childrenandhealthcareworkershavebeenencouragedtogetvaccinatedagainstthevirus.H1N1的流行引起了嚴(yán)重的關(guān)注,我們鼓勵(lì)老年人、孕婦、兒童以及醫(yī)護(hù)工作者去接種疫苗.Spelldisaster/troublefor...某事意味著災(zāi)難/麻煩Thenewpolicycouldspelldisasterformanybusinessinthiscountry.這項(xiàng)新政策可能會(huì)給這個(gè)國家的許多企業(yè)帶來災(zāi)難.Deprivesomeoneofsth.剝奪Ashuman,wecannotfunctionproperlywhenwearedeprivedofsleep.人類被剝奪睡眠時(shí),其機(jī)體無法正常運(yùn)作.Take...forgranted認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的ManyyoungAmericanstakethecomfortsoflivinginAmericaforgranted.Theywouldbecomemoregratefulforthatiftheysawmoreoftheworld.許多年輕的美國人認(rèn)為自己在美國舒適地生活是理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)?如果他們看到更多的世界,就會(huì)對(duì)此更加感激了.Poorly-informed,uninformedormisinformedabout...〔公眾對(duì)某事了解很少,完全不了解或者錯(cuò)誤了解ManyAmericansbelievethattheyhavebeenpoorlyinformed,uninformedormisinformedaboutthewarinIraq.許多美國人認(rèn)為他們對(duì)伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)了解甚少,甚至全不了解,或者錯(cuò)誤地了解了伊戰(zhàn).AhasrenderedB+形容詞或者名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語A讓B變成了某種狀態(tài)Newtechnologykeepsrenderingoldcomputersobsolete.新技術(shù)使得電腦不斷地推陳出新.Lowerone’sexpectations降低某人的期望值Tokeepfrombeingdisappointed,wesometimeslowerourexpectationsoravoidtakingchallenges.Theremaybegoodreasonsforthis,butitcanlimitwhatweexperience.為了不讓自己失望,我們以后時(shí)候降低期望或避免接受挑戰(zhàn).我們可能會(huì)找到一個(gè)很好的理由這么做,但這么做卻局限了我們的經(jīng)歷.Gofrombadtoworse越來越糟Thingswentfrombadtoworseandintheend,Obama’sTreasurySecretarynomineeapologizedfortaxmistakes.事情變得越來越糟,最后奧巴馬提名的財(cái)政部長為稅收上的錯(cuò)誤道了歉.Thereisnoguaranteethat...無法保證……There’snoguaranteethattheUNclimateconferenceinCopenhagencanproduceanyconcreteresults.無法保證在哥本哈根舉行的聯(lián)合國氣象會(huì)議能達(dá)成實(shí)質(zhì)性成果.〔acertainproblemhasreachedsuchproportionsthat問題已經(jīng)到了……的程度TheH1N1epidemichasreachedsuchproportionsthatglobalcontroleffortsmustbemadeimmediately.Otherwise,tourism,economyandpublichealthmaysufferirreparableharm.H1N1流行的嚴(yán)重程度已到了必須立即在全球范圍內(nèi)控制蔓延的地步.否則可能會(huì)對(duì)旅游、經(jīng)濟(jì)和公共健康造成無法挽回的損失.中間類〔論證不好不壞/可好可壞方面常用Onthebasisof...基于……Thechildlaborersfeltinsultedwhenemployershiredthemsolelyonthebasisoftheirsizeandappearance.當(dāng)雇主只是以童工的個(gè)子與外表為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)雇傭他們時(shí),他們感到被侮辱了.Arelikelyto.../areunlikelytoMensufferfromheartaremorelikelytodisease,eventhoughheartdiseaseisstillthenumberonekillerofwomeninAmerica.盡管心臟病仍是美國女性健康的第一殺手,男性心臟病患者更易發(fā)病.It’simportanttoknoweventshappeningaroundtheworld,eventhoughsometimestheyareunlikelytoaffectyourdailylife.盡管世界上發(fā)生的事件不太可能影響你的日常生活,知道這些事件還是很重要的.名詞形式likelihoodThereislittlelikelihoodnowthatinterestrateswillcomedownfurther.目前,利率進(jìn)一步下行的可能性很小.The+形容詞比較級(jí)……,the+形容詞比較級(jí)越……就越……Thegreaterthepopulationthereisinalocality,thegreatertheneedthereisforwater,transportation,anddisposalofrefuse.一個(gè)地方的人口越多,這個(gè)地方對(duì)水,運(yùn)輸與垃圾處理的需求也就越大.Oldandyoungalike年長的和年輕人都……類似的詞組friendsandfamilyalike,teachersandstudentsalikeThecomicstripisfunforoldandyoungalike.年長的人和年輕的人都喜歡看報(bào)紙上的連環(huán)畫isafactoflife……是必須面對(duì)的人生〔事實(shí)OutsourcingisafactoflifenowinAmericaandwecan’tescapeit.現(xiàn)在外包行業(yè)已是美國人必須面對(duì)且無法回避的一種事物.Hingeon取決于Successofsucheffortshingesoncontributionfromtheauthorities.這項(xiàng)努力是否能成功取決于當(dāng)局的努力.It’slittle/nowonderthat毫不奇怪,……It’slittlewonderthatmanyfemalevotersfeelturnedoffbythemale-dominatedpolitics.毫不奇怪,許多女性選民覺得自己被男性主導(dǎo)的政治領(lǐng)域所忽視.It’snowonderthatatclassreunions,formerclassmatestakeitinturnstoamuseoneanotherwithfunnystoriesfrombygoneyears.毫不奇怪,大伙在同學(xué)聚會(huì)上輪流講當(dāng)年有趣的故事,不亦樂乎.Morethananything,...最關(guān)鍵的是,……Morethananything,themedicalprofessionaldebatedthenameofthishealthproblem.最關(guān)鍵的是,醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人士討論了這種健康問題的命名.This<trend>isnotrestrictedto...這個(gè)〔趨勢(shì)不僅僅限于……Thistrendisnotrestrictedtowealthystudentswhohavethemoneytodothis,butisalsoevidentamongpoorerstudents.這種趨勢(shì)不僅限于有錢去做這件事的富有的學(xué)生,在家境較差的學(xué)生中也很明顯.It’srareforsb./sth.to...某人〔事很少會(huì)……It’srareforanytypeofmarketstructuretorunwithabsoluteefficiency.幾乎沒有沒有任何一種市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)能在絕對(duì)效率下運(yùn)行.It’snotuncommonfor...to...通常Withthearrivaloffall,it’snotuncommontoseepaintersandphotographersworkingonthesidesofroadsorshorelinescapturingthesceneryinNewEngland.隨著秋天的到來,在新英格蘭看到畫家、攝影師沿路邊活海岸線而行,記錄身邊的景色Maynot...Otherwise否則……就不會(huì)……Supportingchildrenwithmentorsandafter-schoolprogramswillgiveopportunitiesandguidancethattheymightnotreceiveotherwise.為孩子們配備導(dǎo)師,舉行課后活動(dòng)的措施將給他們帶來更多的學(xué)習(xí)與接收指導(dǎo)的機(jī)會(huì),這些是他們通過其他方式無法獲得的.Makeadifference做貢獻(xiàn)Therearesomanysmallthingswecandotohelppreservetheearth,fromturningthelightsoffwhenIleavearoomtorecyclingcansandbottlesto...Thesemayseeminsignificant,butifeveryoneactedinthisway,itwouldmakeabigdifference.我們能通過許多小事來保護(hù)地球,從離開房間隨手關(guān)燈到回收飲料罐和瓶子……,這些小事看似微不足道,但只要每個(gè)人都這么做,就能為保護(hù)地球做出巨大的貢獻(xiàn).Thinkintermsof...+名詞或者名詞短語以某種方式思維Americanscontinuetothinkintermsofthe"mainstream"andthe"other",Ifwetakeamomenttothinkhistorically,wecanseethatourcivilizationisactuallycomposedofmanystrandsfromdiversebackground.美國人仍以"主流"與"其他"的方式思維,如果我們從歷史的角度思考的話,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)我們的文明是由各種不同的文化背景組成的.Beaimedatsth./targetsth.目標(biāo)是……Intheconventionalclassroom,mostlessonsareaimedatthemiddlelevelofability.Thus,somestudentsaredraggedalongmuchfasterthanisoptimalforthem.在傳統(tǒng)的課堂上,大多數(shù)的課是針對(duì)中等水平學(xué)生的.因此,這種進(jìn)度對(duì)一些學(xué)生來說太快了,并非最適合他們的進(jìn)度liesattheheartof...處于核心地位EconomicissuesliedattheheartofthethreeObama-McCainpresidentialdebate.經(jīng)濟(jì)問題處于奧巴馬與麥凱恩總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選辯論的核心地位.Theproliferationof...名詞短語：〔污染、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等的大量擴(kuò)散Theproliferationoffast-foodrestaurantsinAmericahasmadeitevenharderforAmericanstoeathealthylunches.星羅密布的快餐店讓美國人更難吃上健康午餐.Inalllikelihood很可能Inalllikelihood,thesedecisionswouldbemadebygovernmentofficialswhodon’tnecessarilyunderstandtheproblemanybetter.這些決定很可能最終是由那些未必能更好地理解這個(gè)問題的政府關(guān)于做出,bynomean