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荷澤市二O二一年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試
物理試題
注意事項:
1.本試題共4頁,滿分70分,考試時間70分鐘。
2.答題前考生務(wù)必將答題卡上的項目填寫清楚。
選擇題(共24分)
一、選擇題(本題共12小題,每小題2分,共24分。每小題只有一個選項符合題意,用鉛
筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑,選對的得2分,多選、錯選均不得分)
1.下列物品具有導(dǎo)電屬性的是()
A.塑料學(xué)生尺B.擦字橡皮C.食用油D.銅鑰匙
【答案】D
2.小明乘船在湖上游玩,船行駛在平靜的湖面上,他看到相鄰的乘客靜止不動。他選擇的參照物是()
A.他們乘坐的小船B.湖水面C.湖岸D.湖中的小島
【答案】A
3.我國在新能源開發(fā)與利用方面走在了世界前列,為全球環(huán)境保護做出了較大貢獻。下面所列舉的項目中,
不屬于開發(fā)新能源措施的是()
A.太陽能發(fā)電B.風(fēng)力發(fā)電C.和平利用核能D.燃煤發(fā)電
【答案】D
4.下列生活事例采取的做法中,為了增大壓強的是()
A.火車鋼軌下墊上枕木B.禁止貨車超載
C.刀刃磨得鋒利D.雪橇板做得比較寬大
【答案】C
5.生活中有“聞其聲如見其人”的現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)聲音可以判定是誰在說話,這是利用了聲音的()
A.傳播速度B.響度C.音調(diào)D.音色
【答案】D
6.下面四幅圖片所展示的自然現(xiàn)象中,屬于凝固現(xiàn)象的是()
【答案】B
7.熱學(xué)知識在日常生活中有廣泛的應(yīng)用,下列說法正確的是()
A.四月的荷澤牡丹飄香,說明分子間有空隙
B.摩擦生熱是通過熱傳遞改變了物體的內(nèi)能
C.熱機通過壓縮沖程將機械能轉(zhuǎn)化為內(nèi)能
D.暖氣片內(nèi)用水作為導(dǎo)熱介質(zhì)是因為水的沸點較高
【答案】C
8.如圖所示,小明同學(xué)在練習(xí)滑板運動時,單腳蹬地,人和車一起向前滑行。以下說法正確的是()
A.腳向后蹬地,人和車向前滑行,說明力的作用是相互的
B.蹬地時,腳對地的壓力和地對腳的支持力是一對平衡力
C.當(dāng)人和車一起滑行時,若車碰到障礙物,人會向后傾倒
D.停止蹬地后,車滑行一段距離會停下,說明運動需要力來維持
【答案】A
9.家用電磁爐內(nèi)部有一金屬線圈,當(dāng)線圈中通入交流電后會產(chǎn)生變化的磁場。金屬器皿放在電磁爐上時?,
金屬器皿內(nèi)就會產(chǎn)生電流,將電能轉(zhuǎn)化為內(nèi)能來加熱食物。下列設(shè)備中利用“磁生電”原理工作的是()
A.電風(fēng)扇B.電飯鍋C.電磁繼電器D.動圈式話筒
【答案】D
10.在如圖所示的電路中,電源的電壓保持不變,R為定值電阻。開關(guān)S閉合后,將滑動變阻器&的滑動
觸頭向右移動時,下列說法正確的是()
A.電壓表V的示數(shù)減小B.電流表A的示數(shù)減小
C.電流表Ai的示數(shù)減小D.滑動變阻器R2消耗的電功率變大
【答案】B
11.在無風(fēng)的雨天,雨滴著地前的一段時間內(nèi)是勻速下落的,并且體積較大的雨滴著地時的速度也較大。下
列說法正確的是()
A.體積較大的雨滴下落的高度一定較大
B.體積較大雨滴在空中運動的時間一定較長
C.不同的雨滴勻速下落時,速度越大,受到的空氣阻力越大
D.不同的雨滴勻速下落時,體積越大,受到的空氣阻力越小
【答案】C
12.如圖所示,用動滑輪提起一重為80N的物體,在10s內(nèi)將物體勻速提高5m,已知動滑輪重20N(不
計繩重和摩擦),則()
/〃〃〃/
A.手對繩子的拉力為40NB.拉力做功的功率為50W
C.手拉繩子移動的速度為0.5m/sD.該裝置的機械效率為60%
【答案】B
非選擇題(共46分)
二、填空題(本題共6小題,每空1分,共12分。把答案用黑色簽字筆寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置)
13.雷雨天氣時,人們總是先看到閃電后聽到雷聲,這是因為晚出;聲音和光都是以波形
式傳播的,其中不能在真空中傳播。
【答案】(1).>(2).聲音
14.壓強知識在生活中有廣泛的應(yīng)用:船閘是利用的原理來工作的;墨水被吸進鋼筆是由于
【答案】⑴.連通器(2).大氣壓
15.在探究固體熔化規(guī)律的實驗中,某時刻用攝氏溫度計測得的溫度如甲圖所示,則讀數(shù)為°C:乙
圖為A、B兩種物質(zhì)熔化時溫度隨時間變化的圖像,可判斷(選填"A”或"B”)物質(zhì)為非晶體。
0時間「min0時間:min
甲乙
【答案】(1).56(2).B
16.如圖所示的家庭電路中,控制電燈的開關(guān)應(yīng)接在處;接地線應(yīng)接在三孔插座的插孔處。
17.火星探測器“天問一號”于2021年2月10日開始環(huán)繞火星飛行,在環(huán)繞火星飛行的過程中不受空氣阻
力,只發(fā)生動能和勢能的相互轉(zhuǎn)化,機械能。經(jīng)過3個多月的環(huán)火星飛行后,5月15日07時18
分“祝融”號火星車和著陸器成功登陸火星?!白H凇碧柪脤⑻綔y信息傳遞給地球上的控制團
隊。
【答案】(1).守恒(2).電磁波
18.某電熱水壺加熱電阻絲的阻值為22C,通電后流過電阻絲的電流為10A,電熱水壺加熱時的功率為
W;若加熱時有84%的熱量被水吸收,則壺內(nèi)1kg水的溫度由34℃加熱到100℃所需要的時間為
S(已知c水=4.2x103J/(kg-℃)。
【答案】(1).2200(2).150
三、作圖與實驗探究題(本題共5小題,共18分。按題目要求在答題卡上相應(yīng)位置作答)
19.小明駕車通過小區(qū)道路轉(zhuǎn)彎處時,通過轉(zhuǎn)彎處的鏡子“(可看作平面鏡)看到了行人,他及時采取避
讓措施保證了行安全。下圖為轉(zhuǎn)彎時的俯視圖,其中A是車內(nèi)小明的眼睛,B為行人,請作出小明看到行
人的光路圖。
21.如圖所示,在做探究凸透鏡成像規(guī)律的實驗時,將焦距為10cm的凸透鏡、點燃的蠟燭和光屏固定在光
具座上。
(2)當(dāng)蠟燭和凸透鏡的距離如圖中所示時,在光屏上成倒立、(選填“放大”、“縮小”或“等
大”)的實像,(選填“投影儀”或“照相機”)就是利用這一規(guī)律制成的。
【答案】(1).同一高度(2).縮小(3).照相機
22.在探究滑動摩擦力大小與哪些因素有關(guān)的實驗中,選擇如下器材:長木板和表面固定有棉布的長木板、
長方形木塊(各表面粗糙程度相同)、祛碼、彈簧測力計等。
(1)實驗中用彈簧測力計沿水平方向拉動放置在長木板上的物塊,使其做運動,此時彈簧測力
計示數(shù)等于木塊所受滑動摩擦力的大??;
(2)下圖為完成本實驗設(shè)計的操作方案,
木板表面平放木板表面?zhèn)确拍景灞砻婧舯{碼棉布表面平放
甲乙丙丁
得到的實驗數(shù)據(jù)記錄如下表:
實驗情景甲乙丙T
測力計示數(shù)/N1.501.502.102.50
該實驗設(shè)計主要運用了實驗方法;
(3)比較甲、乙兩次實驗可知,滑動摩擦力大小與接觸面積的大??;比較兩次實
驗可知,在接觸而粗糙程度相同的情況下,壓力越小,滑動摩擦力越小;
(4)拔河比賽時隊員要穿鞋底帶有花紋的運動鞋參賽,這是應(yīng)用了兩次實驗得出的結(jié)論。
【答案】(1).勻速直線(2).控制變量法(3).無關(guān)(4).甲、丙(5).甲、丁
23.某學(xué)習(xí)小組計劃探究電流與電阻的關(guān)系,設(shè)計的電路如圖甲所示。
(1)請根據(jù)甲圖把乙圖中的電路連接完整(要求滑動觸頭向右移動時,電路中電流變大)。()
(2)在閉合開關(guān)進行實驗前,滑動變阻器的滑動觸頭應(yīng)位于(選填"A”或)端。
(3)為得到多組實驗數(shù)據(jù),進行實驗時需要更換連入電路中的定值電阻。每次更換定值電阻后,都需要調(diào)
節(jié)滑動變阻器,使電壓表的示數(shù)」
(4)某次實驗時,閉合開關(guān),調(diào)節(jié)滑動變阻器,發(fā)現(xiàn)電壓表的示數(shù)始終等于電源電壓,電流表示數(shù)為零,
則電路中的故障是。
(5)某次實驗中,電流表示數(shù)如圖丙所示,該電流表的示數(shù)為Ao
(6)某同學(xué)分析實驗數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)在電壓一定的情況下,電流與電阻成反比,于是他作出了如圖丁所示的/-[
圖線,則實驗中該同學(xué)加在電阻兩端的電壓為V。
【答案】(1).(2).A(3),不變(4).定值電阻開路
(5).0.24(6).3
四、計算題(本題共2小題,共16分。用黑色簽字筆在答題卡相應(yīng)位置作答。解答應(yīng)寫出必
要的文字說明、公式和重要演算步驟,計算過程中物理量必須帶上單位,只寫出最后答案的
不能得分)
24.如圖所示是一個水位監(jiān)測儀的簡化模型。杠桿A3質(zhì)量不計,A端懸掛著物體M,3端懸掛著物體N,
支點為O,BO=4AO,物體M下面是一個壓力傳感器,物體N是一個質(zhì)量分布均勻的實心圓柱體,放
在水槽中,當(dāng)水槽中無水時,物體N下端與水槽的底部恰好接觸且壓力為零,此時壓力傳感器的示數(shù)也為
零。已知物體N的質(zhì)量網(wǎng)=4kg,高度”=lm,橫截面積S=20cm2(g取10N/kg,
=1.Ox103kg/m3)?求:
(1)物體N的密度「;
(2)物體M的質(zhì)量叫;
(3)當(dāng)壓力傳感器的示數(shù)尸=40N時,求水槽內(nèi)水的深度
【答案】(1)2xlO3kg/m3;(2)16kg;(3)0.5m
25.如圖甲所示的電路中,電源電壓保持不變,Ro、尺均為定值電阻,R2為滑動變阻器。閉合開關(guān),,斷
開開關(guān)S2,當(dāng)滑動變阻器的滑動觸頭在。端時,電壓表Vi的示數(shù)為2.4V,電流表示數(shù)為0.3A。將他的滑
動觸頭從〃端移動到6端的過程中,電壓表Vi和V2的示數(shù)與電流表示數(shù)的關(guān)系分別如圖乙中的圖線①和②
所示。
(1)求R阻值;
(2)求&的最大阻值;
(3)同時閉合Si和S2,當(dāng)A的阻值為何值時,色的電功率最大?&電功率的最大值是多少?
【答案】(1)8Q;(2)10Q;(3)8Q;0.25W
荷澤市二0二一年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試
英語試題
注意事項:
1.本試題分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。選擇題,80分;非選擇題,40分;共120分??荚囉脮r120
分鐘。
2.請務(wù)必在答題卡規(guī)定的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,選擇題須用2B鉛筆填涂,非選擇題須用0.5毫米
的黑色墨水簽字筆書寫。
選擇題(共80分)
一、聽力(共四節(jié),滿分30分)
做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,請將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)(共5個小題海小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5個句子,每個句子后有三幅圖畫。每個句子僅讀一遍。請你從每題所給的A、B、C
三個選項中選出與句子內(nèi)容相符的圖畫,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。
C.
EARTHDAY
第二節(jié)(共5個小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5個句子,每個句子后有一道小題。每個句子讀兩遍。請你聽完句子的第二遍朗讀后,從
每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳答語,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。
6.A.Hehasshorthair.B.HelikeswatchingTV.C.He'sveryfriendly.
7.A.Bybus.B.Wonderful.C.Fortwoweeks.
8.A.PutabandageonitB.Drinkmorewater.C.Putmyheaddown.
9.A.Amonth.B.Everyday.C.At8:00.
10.A.Yes,Ido.B.Me,too.C.Yes,please.
第三節(jié)(共5個小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話,每段對話后有一道小題。每段對話和問題讀兩遍。請你聽完對話和問題的
第二遍朗讀后,從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。
11Whereisthebank?
A.OnCenterStreet.B.Inthepark.C.Nexttothesupermarket
12.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?
AInapolicestation.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inabusstation.
13.What'sMr.Manson'sadvice?
A.Readingaloteverymorning.B.Tryingtotalkwithforeigners.C.ListeningtoEnglishsongsontheradio.
14.Whyisthewomanleavingnow?
A.Togotothetrainstation.B.Toseeherdaughteroff.C.Togotoschool.
15.HowoldisPeter'ssister?
A.Sheis16.B.Sheis14.C.Sheis12.
第四節(jié)(共5個小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面一段短文,短文后有五道小題。短文和問題讀兩遍。請你聽完短文和問題的第二遍朗讀
后,從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。
16.WheredoesDingYuqilive?
A.Onabigfarm.B.Inasmalltown.C.Nearariver.
17.What'sDingYuqi'sdream?
A.Tobegoodatherlessons.
B.Tobethetopstudentinherclass.
C.TogettothetopofMountQomolangma.
18.WhodidDingYuqiclimbthenjountainwith?
A.Heruncleandfriends.B.Herteacherandfriends.C.Herparentsandfriends.
19.WhendidshereachthetopofMountQomolangma?
A.OnMay8th.B.OnMay18th.C.OnMay28th.
20.WhatdoesDingYuqithinkofherclimb?
A.Great.B.Terrible.C.Boring.
二、英語知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)
第一節(jié)單項填空(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
從A、B、C三個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
1.一What'sthemostimportanttraditioninChinesefamily?
—Ithinkifstorespectoldandloveyoung.
A.an;theB.an;aC.the;the
2.-China'shigh-speedrailwayisleadingtheworld.
一That'sright.Itismovingfurtherintotheworld.
A.technologyB.environmentC.population
3.—Doyouthinkitnecessaryforteenagerstolearncookingathome?
—Sure.CookingisanimportantpartofeducationinChina.
A.preparedforB.regardedasC.comparedwith
4.—AfterStartofSpring,everythingturnsgreeninChina.
-Yes.Peopleclearlyseethatthedaytimeisbecomingandtheweatherisbecoming.
A.shorter;warmerB.longer;coolerC.longer;warmer
5.一IwonderiftheseareJim'sglasses.
—Theybehis.Hedoesn'twearglasses.
A.couldB.mustC.can't
6.一IsanythingworthseeinginXi'an?
—Yes.Don'ttheamazingTerracottaArmy.
A.offerB.missC.share
7.—WouldyouliketotellmesomethingaboutYuanLongping?
——He'scalled4tfatherofhybridrice“andhehelpedsaveChinatheworldfromhunger.
A.notonly;butalsoB.either;orC.neither;nor
8.一ItisreportedthattheFirstFlightCeremonyofHezeMudanAirportwasheldonApril2nd,2021.
一Yes.GreatchangesinmyhometownsinceIlefthome.
A.havetakenplaceB.weretakenplaceC.tookplace
9.—Couldyoupleaseshowme?
—Sure.Firstofallyou'dbettermakesureyou'vegoteverythingyouneed.
AhowcanImakeaChineselantem
B.howIcanmakeaChineselantern
C.howcouldImakeaChineselantern
10.一rdliketothankyouforyourinvitationtoHezePeonyGarden.
A.WithpleasureB.It'smypleasureC.Forpleasure
第二節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后各小題所給的A、B、C三個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選
項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
LittleWomenisLouisaMayAlcott'smostfamousnovel.Thenovelfollowsthe11ofthefourMarch
sisters-Meg,Jo,BethandAmy-andisbasedonthewriter'sown12ofgrowingupwithherthreesistersduring
theAmericanCivilWar(1861-1865).
Themainthemeinthestoryistheimportanceof13.Otherthemesincludetheneedtoworkand
self-improvement.
Whenthestorybeginsthesistersarecomplainingbecausetheyare14andhavetowork.Theirmother
saysthattheymustn'tspendmoneyonpleasure15thereisawarandeverybodymusthelp.Theirfatherisin
thearmy.Intheletterstheirfathersendshome,hetellshisdaughterstoworkhardandnottowastetheirtime.They
musttryto16thebadthingsintheirlivesandstaycheerful.Hewantstobeproudofthemwhenhecomes
home.Thegirlsdecidetomakeaneffortto17themselvesbecausetheyloveandmisstheirfatherverymuch.
Alcottwasinterestedinwomen'srightsandthroughthefourMarchsisters,sheexplored(探索)fourdifferent
18ofbeingawomaninthosedays.Megleavesthefamilytoget19andhaveanewfamily.Beth
devotes(致力于)herselfto20herownfamily.Amyfocusesonherselfandherownpleasure.AndJo,like
Alcottherself,triestohaveacareerinwritingandcareforherfamilyatthesametime.
11.A.rulesB.livesC.secrets
12.A.experiencesB.expressionsC.directions
13.A.friendshipB.workC.family
14.A.poorB.richC.clever
15.A.soB.becauseC.if
16.A.sellB.findC.accept
17.A.improveB.serveC.imagine
18.A.mapsB.waysC.circles
19.A.dressedB.lostC.mamed
20.A.lookingafterB.lookingforC.askingfor
三、閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂
黑。
A
ZhangYufeihasmadeanameforherselfasthenewbutterflyqueenatthisyear'sNational
SwimmingChampionships(錦標(biāo)賽).Duringtheninedaysoftheevent,shewonfivegoldmedals
andasilverone.
“WiththeOlympicGamesdrawingnear,Ifeelmoreandmorenervous,butI'mdoing
everythingIcantorelaxandtofocusonmygame,,,Zhangsays.Alleyeswillbeonthe23-year-old
girltoseeifshewillpickuptwogoldmedalsinTokyo.
Tianwen1landedonMars(火星)onMay15,2021successfully.It5sChina'sfirstprobe(探
測器)tolandonaplanetotherthanEarth.
ChinanameditsfirstMarsexplorationmission(任務(wù))Tiaraven1onApril24,2020,China's
fifthSpaceDay.
ThenamecomesfromapoemofthesamenamebyQuYuan,oneofthegreatestpoetsof
ancientChina.Inhispoem,QuYuanaskedquestionsaboutthesky,stars,natureandtheworld
aroundus.Hequestionedtraditionalideasandlookedforthetruthoftheuniverse.
TheBulgariannationalqualificationcontestofthe20th"ChineseBridge”,amajor
internationalChineseprofessionalcompetitionforforeignuniversitystudents,washeldinSofiaon
Sunday.
Theevent,organizedbytheChineseembassy(大使館)inBulgariaandtheConfucius
InstituteinSofia,wasCOVID-19,withsevenstudentsfromthreeuniversitiesattending.
The“ChineseBridge^^competitionisorganizedeveryyeartoinspireforeignstudentstolearn
ChineseandimprovetheirunderstandingofChineseculture.
21.HowmanymedalsdidZhangYiifeiwinatthisyear'sNationalSwimmingChampionships?
A.5.B.6.C.8.
22.HowdoesTianwen1getitsname?
A.ItwasnamedbyQuYuan
B.ItlandedonMarsforthefirsttime.
C.ItcomesfromthenameofQuYuan'sTianwen.
23.Whatdoyouknowaboutthe20th"ChineseBridge,,competition?
A.ItwasorganizedbyBulgarianpeople.
B.ItwasorganizedtoinspireforeignstudentstolearnChinese.
C.SevenstudentsfromSofiacametoChinatoattendthecompetition.
B
Likemostkids,LandonKenstrick,5yearsold,hasafavoriteanimal.However,hisfavoriteanimalisquite
differentfromotherkids'.Helovespangolins.
Pangolinshavesmallheadsandlong,broadtails.Theyaretoothless.Theyhavesmallears,buttheirhearingis
good.
Theirsenseofsmelliswell-developed,too.Buttheirsightispoor.Whentheyfeelfrightened,theyrollupintoa
balltoprotectthemselves.tcMyfavoritethingaboutthepangolinisthescales(鱗片)ithasonitsbody.Theylook
cool,“Landonsaid.
LandonfirstlearnedaboutpangolinsfromaTVshow,WildKratts.Knowingthatpangolinsarefacingthe
dangerofdyingout,Landonquicklydecidedtotakeactiontoprotectthem.Hewantedtotelleveryoneheknewabout
them.OnHalloween,hehadhisparentscarve(雕亥!J)apangolinintotheirpumpkin(南瓜),sothatwhenpeople
askedwhatitwas,hecouldtellthemallabouthisfavoriteanimal.WhenChristmascamearound,Landonhadonly
onewish:tosavethepangolins.Hisparentshadhim“adopt(領(lǐng)養(yǎng))"apangolininLandon'sname.Theyalsocame
upwithagoodidea.TheyhelpedLandonmakeChristmasgiftstoselltohelpraisemoneyforthepangolinsata
market.Sofar,hehasraised$400.
Ifyouthinka5-year-oIdboyistooyoungtosavethepangolins,you'dbewrong.Landontoldusnobody'stoo
youngtosaveanything.
24.Whatcanweknowaboutpangolins?
A.Theyhavegreatsight.B.Theyhavegoodhearing.C.Theyhavepoorsenseofsmell.
25.Howdopangolinsprotectthemselveswhentheyareindanger?
A.Theytakeofftheirscales.B.TheyrollupintoaballC.Theyfightwiththeirteeth.
26.WhydidLandonhavehisparentscarveapangolinintotheirpumpkin?
A.Hewantedtoputprotectingpangolinsintoaction.
B.Hewantedtomakethepumpkinbeautiful
C.Hewantedtoraisemoremoney.
27.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?
A.A5-year-oldboycan'tsavepangolins.
B.Childrencanalsosavesomething.
C.Itiswrongtosavepangolins.
C
Thinkaboutwhatyouliketowearontheweekend.There'sagoodchancethatyouliketoputonapairofblue
jeans.Atanymoment,abouthalfoftheworld'spopulationiswearingjeans.Butaccordingtoanewstudy,ourlove
forjeansmaybebadforEarth.Denim(牛仔?布)mightbeputtingsomeseaanimalsindanger.
Everytimewewashourjeans,tinybitsofdenimwillflowoutofourwashingmachines,downintotheworld's
rivers,lakesandoceans.
Youmightwonder:Isn'tdenimmadeofcotton,anaturalmaterial?Howcanitbecomeadangertonature?Well,
intheprocessofmakingjeans,denimistreatedwithmanytypesofman-madechemicals.Someimproveits
durability(耐用'性)andfeel;othersgivejeanstheirbluecolor.
ScientistsstudiedtheGreatLakesinAmericaandtheArcticOceaninnorthernCanada.Theyfounddenim
wasteinallofthesamples(樣本)theyhadcollected.Itisfearedthattheharmfulchemicalsindenimhavespread
farandwide.Scientistsaren'tyetsurehowthesechemicalsmightharmanimals.
Inthestudy,thescientistsalsowashedjeanstoseehowmanybitsofdenimeachpairwoulddropperwash.The
answerwasfrightening:About50,000.Notallofthemmaketheirwayintotheenvironment.Wastewatertreatment
plantsholdback83to99percentofthem.Thismaysoundprettygood,However,onepercentof50,000bitsarestill
500perwash.Nowthinkaboutthenumberofjeansaroundtheworldandthetimeseachofthemgetswashed.Asa
result,alargeamountofdenimwastestillgetsintotheenvironment.
Doesthismeanweshouldn'twearjeans?Probablynot“Weneedtobuyfewerjeansandonlywashthemwhen
wetrulyneedtodoit,“saysSamAthey,oneofthescientists."Youdon'tneedtowashyourjeansafterhavingworn
themonlyacoupleof
28Whatinfluencemightdenimhaveonseaanimals?
A.Itmightdoharmtosomeseaanimals.
B.Ithasnoinfluenceonseaanimals.
C.Itisgoodtoalltheseaanimals.
29.Whydopeopleaddman-madechemicalswhenmakingjeans?
①Tosavethematerialsandmakemoremoney.
②Toimprovedenim'sdurabilityandfeel.
(3)Tomakejeansblue.
A.①②B.①③C.②③
30.Howmanybitsofdenimmightgetintotheenvironmenteveryyear?
A.Fivehundred.B.Fiftythousand.C.Toomanytocount.
31.WhatshouldwedoaccordingtoSamAthey'swords?
A.Wearenotsupposedtowearjeans.
B.Weneedtowashourjeanseveryday.
C.Weshouldbuyfewerjeansandwashthemfewertimes.
D
ZhuKerningneverthoughthewouldbeaherooneday,buthewasjustthatonSaturdaywhenhesavedthelives
ofsixrunnersduringthemountainmarathon(馬拉松)inBaiyin,GansuProvince,inwhich21peoplelosttheirlives.
Itstartedoffasanormaldayforthe49-year-oldshepherd,whowastakingcareofhismorethan30sheeponthe
mountainside.Butsoontheweatherwasterrible,withrainfallandhail.Theraingotsoheavythathecouldn'tsee
clearlyandhadtorunintoacavewherehenormallywenttohavearest.Soonhefellasleepinthecaveaftercovering
himselfwithsomequiltshehadstoredthere.
Buthewasawakenedat2pmbyanunusualsoundthatwasnotcomingfromhissheep.Thesoundthatwoke
Zhuwasthecryofarunnerinthemarathon.Hewaswetfromheadtotoeandtremblingbecauseofcold.Zhutook
himintothecave,litafireandcoveredthestricken(受傷的)runnerwithhisquilts.
Zhusaidthatthereweresoonfiverunnershuddling(擠作一團)inthecave,andhethendecidedtogooutside
totrytoattracttheattentionofrescuers(救援者).Whenheriskedcomingoutofthecave,hefoundanotherstricken
runnerlyingonthegroundinbadcondition.Thentheotherrunnerscameoutofthecavetogiveahand.Zhuandthe
sixrunnersremainedhuddledaroundthefireinhiscaveuntil7pm,whentherescueteamarrived.
“IjustdidwhatIhadtowhenIsawthatthesepeoplewereindanger.Ithinkeveryonewoulddothesamething
insuchasituation“ZhusaidtoBeijingNews.
LuoChongchuan,thevillageheadofChangsheng,whereZhuandhisfamilylive,saidthattheshepherdisa
warm-heartedpersonwhooftenhelpshisvillagers.
32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"shepherd“inParagraph2meaninChinese?
A.牧羊人B.指導(dǎo)者C.國王
33.WhatcanweknowaboutZhuKemingfromthepassage?
A.ZhuKemingistheheadofhisvillage.
B.ZhuKemingisawarm-heartedandhelpfulperson.
C.ZhuKemingsavedsixrunnersonaSaturdaymorning.
34.What'sthebesttitlefbrthepassage?
A.Shepherdsavedsixstrickenrunners.
B.21runnerslosttheirlivesinBaiyin.
C.Howtorealizeourherodreams?
35.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?
A.Aguidebook.B.Awebsite.C.Asciencebook.
非選擇題(共40分)
溫馨提示:請將答案書寫在答題卡的指定位置。
三、閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
閱讀下面短文,完成相關(guān)任務(wù)。
Poverty(貧困)isabigproblemaroundtheworld.ButChinahasdoneagoodjobofdealingwithitandithas
founditsownwaytofightpoverty.Insteadofjustgivingmoneytopoorpeople,ithastriedtoeducatepeopleandgive
themthetoolstheyneedtoliftthemselvesoutofpoverty.Ordinary(平凡的)peopleplayabigroleinthefight.Here
aretwoofthem.
AftergraduatingfromBeijingNormalUniversityin2016,HuangWenxiugaveupthechancestoworkinbig
citiesandreturnedtoherhometownofBaiseinGuangxiandservedasthevillage'sPartychief.Atotalof418
villagerswereliftedoutofpovertythankstoherefforts.Unluckily,shediedinaflashfloodattheageof30while
drivingbacktohervillageinBaise.Shewasgiventhetitle“rolemodelofthetimes^^bythecentralgovernment.
WhenMaoXianglinstartedtoworkasthePartysecretaryofhisvillage,therewasonlyonepathwayoutofthe
villageformanyyears.Heledmorethan100villagerstobuildaroadwiththeirhands.Ittookthemsevenyearsto
buildanei^ht-kilometerroad.Maothenencouragedthevillagerstogroworanges.Lastyear,theirorangeyield
(產(chǎn)量)wasnearly40tons.Youngpeoplehavereturnedtothevillagetosellorangesonline.Bytheendof2019,269
villagershadbeenliftedoutofpoverty.Thepercapitaincome(人均U攵入)reached12,670yuan,40timesmorethan
inthe1990s.
36.HowdoesChinahelppoorpeopletofightpoverty?
37.WhatprizewasgiventoHuangWenxiu?
38.HowdoyoungpeoplesellorangesinMaoXianglin'svillage?
39.請把文中的劃線句子翻譯成漢語。
40.請給短文擬一個恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題。
四、綜合填空(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
閱讀下面短文,用方框內(nèi)所給詞匯的適當(dāng)形式填空,使短文語義完整。
afraidworkmemberbecomestillitsChineseunderstandorinterest
Nowagrowingnumberofyoungpeoplearewearingtraditionalhanfu,orHanChineseclothing.Youmaysee
themeating,shopping,travelling41evenworkinginhanfu.
Hanfu42popularinpartbecausethegovernmentisdevelopingtraditionalculture.Perioddramashave
alsohelpeddevelopthepublic'sinterestintraditional43clothes.
WhathanfuislikeisdifferentsinceeachHan-controlleddynastyhad44ownstyle,buttheclothesare
usuallyloose,withsleeves(袖子)thathangdowntothekneesandflowingrobes(長袍)aroundthebody.
InmodernChina,peopleindifferentfieldsare45inwearinghanfu:fromhistoryloverstostudentsand
evenyoung46.
“Clothesarcthefoundation(基石出)ofculture,saidJiangXue,whoisa47ofahanfuclubinBeijing.
“Ifweasapeopleandasacountrydonoteven48ourtraditionalclothingordon'twearthem,howcanwetalk
aboutotherimportantpartsofourculture?”
However,thereis49alongwayfbrthestyletogointopeople'sdailylife.Somesaytheyare50
ofbeingwatchedbyotherswhenwearinghanfuinpublic.
五、寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)
第一節(jié)信息歸納(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)
閱讀下面短文,用英語完成思維導(dǎo)圖。
Ifyoud
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