高一英語必修一-unit1-Friendship-重點單詞、短語、句型和語法

Unit1Friendship重點單詞1.add

addup

addupto

addto

addAtoB觀察思考1).Pleaseaddupthesenumbersandseehowmuchtheyaddupto.45+62+48=1552).Willyouaddmoresugartothecoffee?合計，加起來總計達，總共有增添，增加給……加上;往……添加(1)Hiswholeschooleducation___________onlyoneyear.(2)Hisillness_________thefamily’strouble.(3)Wehaveplantedflowersandgreentreesaroundthebuildings,which___thebeautyofthecity.addto.B.addup.C.addupto.D.areaddedto4).ThecostofthetriptoHongKong_____$1000.addstoB.addsupC.addsupto5)Ifyou

4

3,youwillget7.addedtoaddeduptoaddto2.…till/until…

直到…

not…until…直到…才…

e.g

Iworkedtill/untilmidnight.

Ididn’tleavetheofficeuntilmidnight.3.(和延續(xù)性動詞連用)(和瞬間性動詞連用)

calm,calmdown,quiet,still,silent

1)Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeep_______;2)Whentakenphotos,oneshouldkeep_______;3)Whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeep_______;4)Inclass,oneshouldn’tkeep______abouttheteacher’squestions.calmstillquietsilent4.getitrepaired

getsth.done請人做某事(非親自動手)=havesth.done上周我去城里剪頭發(fā)了.LastweekIwenttothetownto_____________________.爸爸明天要去檢查身體.TomorrowDaddywill________________________.

get/havemyhaircut.have/gethimselfexaminedgetsb.doingsth.getsb.todosth.讓某人一直做某事讓某人做某事havesb.doingsth.havesb.dosth.讓某人一直做某事讓某人做某事5.concern

beconcernedabout/for…beconcernedwith/in…Thesurveyisconcernedwith/inhonesty.Theparentsareconcernedabout/forthehealthoftheirson.asfarassb.isconcerned=inone’sopinion就某人而言,在某人看來AsfarasIamconcerned,thepriceofoilwillcontinuetoincrease.掛念，關(guān)心與…有關(guān)，涉及6.shouldhavedone本來應該做某事(而實際沒做,含有責備的意味)shouldnothavedone本來不該做某事(而實際已做)1).Youarelate.You________________________________.(早五分鐘來〕2).Helooksupset.I_________________________________.(本不該告訴他這個壞消息〕shouldhavecomefiveminutesearliershouldn’thavetoldhimthebadnewscouldnothavedone一定沒有做過某事他一定沒有去過北京。Hecouldn’thavebeentoBeijing.你考砸了，你一定沒有努力。Youfailedintheexam,youcouldn’thaveworkedhard.區(qū)別下組詞：couldhavedonemusthavedoneshould(not)havedone

1)Youmusthaveforgottentoturnoffthelightlastnight.Thelightisstillonnow.(過去)一定做過某事2)Shecouldhavestayedwithmysister.Butshedidn’ttellmeshestayedatNewYorkatthattime.〔過去〕本來能夠做〔但實際上沒有做〕3)Theyshouldn’thaveleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.〔過去〕本來不應該做，但實際上做了。4〕Youarelate.Youshouldhavecomehere5minutesago.〔過去〕本來應該做，但實際上沒有做。7.

cheat

n.欺騙，騙子，欺騙手段

vt.&vi欺騙，騙取，欺詐，作弊

cheatsb(out)ofsth騙取某人的某物

cheatsbintodoing騙某人做

cheatat/in作弊，作假，行騙

*Hewascaughtcheatingintheexam.

他考試作弊時被當場抓獲。8.

list

n.目錄；名單；一覽表

vt.列舉eg.Imustmakealistofthingstobuy.我得列個購物單。

我得列個購物單。Imustlistthethingstobuy.makealistof=list9.upset歸納總結(jié)(sth.)upsetsb.〔某事〕使某人心煩意亂(sb.)upsetsth.〔某人〕打/弄翻某物upsetaplan打亂方案beupsetabout/over/atsth.為某事煩心—let’sjustforgetit.10.ignore歸納總結(jié)

ignoresb./sth.不理睬某人/某事ignorancen.無知；愚昧；不知道ignorantadj.無知的；愚昧的；不知道的beignorantthat...不知道某事beignorantof/aboutsth.不知道某事11.settle

vi.安家；定居；停留；vt.使定居；安排；

settledown舒適地坐下(或躺下);定居;安靜/平靜下來settlein/into習慣于;適應settleon選定,決定settleup付清賬單

12.sufferv.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷suffer作及物動詞時，其后跟的賓語常是pain,loss,defeat,punishment,hardship等。在表示“患〔某種疾病〕〞時要用sufferfrom。sufferfromflood/earthquake/fire(原因〕重點短語1.gothrough1)經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受；遭到2)完成；做完3)通過；批準go的相關(guān)短語goafter

追趕goagainst

違反，與……不符goahead

先走；開始做，著手干goby

逝去；過去gooff

離開；爆炸goon

上場；繼續(xù)；流逝goover

檢查2.setdown1)放下，擱下,使坐下2)記下，記載，寫下3)讓/叫…下車set的相關(guān)短語setabout(doingsth.)著手〔做某事〕setout(todosth.)開始，著手〔做某事〕setaside留出；不顧setback〔把鐘等〕往回撥；推遲setfree釋放；解放setoff動身，出發(fā)〔去某地〕；使爆炸setout動身，出發(fā)；著手；安排，組織setup開辦；建立；設立setanexample樹立典范setfireto...=set...onfire縱火燒3.Onpurpose特意地，成心地反義：byaccident/chancePurpose目的，意圖。目的是…for/withthepurposeofdoingsth4.toomuch與muchtootoomuch+不可數(shù)名詞表示“太多〞他喝得太多酒了。Hedranktoomuchwine.muchtoo+adj./adv.表示“實在太……〞他這幾天實在太忙了。Hehasbeenmuchtoobusythesedays.5.Inorderto為了…為了不遲到，他早早就出發(fā)了。Inordernottobelate,hestartedearly.可和soasto互換，但要注意：Inorderto可放在主句前或后,但soasto只能放在句中。Hestartedearlysoasnottobelate.

6.Darea.情態(tài)動詞—用法與can,will,shall等相同，一般現(xiàn)在時為dare,一般過去時為daredb.實義動詞—有時態(tài)(dare,dared)的變化，也有人稱的變化(dares)作情態(tài)動詞，后接動詞原形

--Hedaresaythattotheteacher.否認句疑問句Hedarenotsaythattotheteacher.Darehesaythattotheteacher?b.作實義動詞時與to連用--Hedarestosaythattotheteacher.否認句疑問句Hedoesn’t

daretosaythattotheteacher.Doeshedaretosaythattotheteacher?*在借助do(did,does)構(gòu)成的否認句或疑問句中，理論上應該有to，實際上常省略toShedoesn’tdare(to)gooutaloneatnight.Doesshedare(to)gooutaloneatnight?

1.Iwonderhowhe___thattotheteacher.A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsayD8.accordingto…“根據(jù)……〞，“按照……〞根據(jù)天氣預報，今天會下雨。Accordingtotheweatherreport,itwillraintoday.9.getalongwith在getalong后可以加副詞，表示相處得如何。getalongwithsth.表示“______〞的意思。有關(guān)get的短語：getabout/around〔消息〕傳開get...across講清楚；〔使〕被領(lǐng)會getawayfrom...離開；脫身get...back收回，找回get...down記下來；使悲傷，使沮喪getdownto認真做；開始著手做某事進展/進行同某人相處getin到達；收割geton...上車/船/飛機等；繼續(xù)進行；相處getover...克服；擺脫getridof...消滅，擺脫，除掉gettogether聚會，聯(lián)歡10.joinin易混辨異join,joinin,takepartin,attend,participate〔1〕join表示“參加黨派、組織、社團、俱樂部〞等，如jointheParty/YouthLeague/army/club/organization入黨/入團/參軍/參加俱樂部/參加組織。〔2〕joinin表示“參加正在進行的活動〞，如joininagame/discussion/conversation/walk參加游戲/討論/談話/散步。亦可說：joinsb.in(doing)sth.表示“參加某人一起做某事〞。參加，參加〔3〕takepartin表示“參加會議、活動〞，側(cè)重說明主語參加并發(fā)揮一定作用，part前假設有修飾語，要用不定冠詞，如take(anactive)partinaparty/schoolactivities/physicallabour(積極)參加聚會/學校活動/體力勞動。〔4〕attend表示“出席或參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、典禮，上課，上學，聽報告〞，如attendameeting/asportsmeeting/aconcert/ashow/school/alecture參加會議/運動會/出席音樂會/出席展覽會/上學/聽演講?！?〕participate為正式用語，和介詞in連用，表示積極地參與。2.Itisbecause+句子….that從句…是因為…因為他遲到了，所以才失業(yè)了。

Itisbecausehewaslatethathelosthisjob.

=Thereasonwhyhelosthisjobisthathewaslate.

Thereasonwhy….isthat….原因是...我們不信任他的原因是他經(jīng)常撒謊。Thereasonwhywedon’ttrusthimisthatheoftenlies.reason 理由cause 起因3.Itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthat

I’dseenthenightfacetoface.Itis/wasthefirsttimethat這是誰是第一次做…ItisthefirsttimethatIhavespokentoaforeigner.Itwasthefourthtimethathehadmadethesamemistakeinhishomework.這對夫婦告訴我們那是他們第二次游西湖。ThecoupletoldusitwasthesecondtimethattheyhadvisitedWestLake.Itis/wasthe+序數(shù)詞+timethatsbhas/haddonetime“次數(shù)〞作先行詞其后的定語從句用完成時態(tài)4.It’s(high/about)time(that)sb.didsth.time“時候,時間〞其后的that從句常用一般過去時Itishightimethatwewenttoschool.現(xiàn)在是我們該去上學的時候了。Itisabouttimethattheygotdowntodoingtheirwork.是他們該開始認真干活的時候了。Itis……that...強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：Itis+強調(diào)局部+that+剩余句子局部我昨天在街上遇見了TomImetTominthestreetyesterday.強調(diào)主語強調(diào)賓語強調(diào)地點狀語強調(diào)時間狀語不能強調(diào)動詞ItwasIthatmetTominthestreetyesterday.ItwasTomthatImetinthestreetyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetTomyesterday.

ItwasyesterdaythatImetTominthestreet.歸納總結(jié)此句中的It’s...that...是強調(diào)句型。(1)強調(diào)句型的根本結(jié)構(gòu)________________________________。用來強調(diào)___、____和______等成分。that只起___作用，___成分，但___省略。當被強調(diào)局部為sb.時可用who，也可用that，其他情況一律用that。強調(diào)主語時，that后的謂語動詞必須與被強調(diào)的主語的人稱與數(shù)保持一致。Itis/was+被強調(diào)的成分+that/who+其他成分主語賓語狀語連接不作不能〔2〕特殊句式中的強調(diào)句型：①如果強調(diào)的是特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，表示“到底、究竟〞等語氣時，就用如下結(jié)構(gòu)：“特殊疑問詞+is/was+it+that/who+該句的其余局部〞，that，who后只能使用陳述語序。②在強調(diào)“not...until〞結(jié)構(gòu)中由until所引導的短語〔或從句〕作時間狀語時，要用固定的強調(diào)句型：“It+is/was+notuntil+被強調(diào)局部+that+該句的其余局部〞，that所引導的從句中的謂語動詞用肯定式?！?〕要注意強調(diào)句型和it代表時間、距離、溫度、自然現(xiàn)象、具體事物或人物等時所構(gòu)成的各種句型的區(qū)別。判斷是否是強調(diào)句，要采用“復原法〞。如果復原為一般句式后，句子各種成分完整且在上下文中表達的意思合情合理，那么是強調(diào)句，否那么不是?！?〕英語中常用助動詞do,does或did強調(diào)謂語.Ididcomeyesterday.我昨天確實來了。典例體驗What

Joefoundinthebathroom?喬在洗手間發(fā)現(xiàn)的是什么？

inthetown

hewasbroughtup.他是在鎮(zhèn)上被養(yǎng)大的。

quiterecently

theyknewthesecretaboutJack’sfailure.直到最近他們才知道杰克s失敗了。wasitthatItwasthatItwasnotuntilthat即學即用〔1〕ItwehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeksIfoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that解析此題考查強調(diào)句。強調(diào)句的根本結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was+被強調(diào)局部+其他成分。句意為：我們在一起呆了幾個星期后我才發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有許多共同之處。not...until...直到……才……。D〔2〕Ihavenothingtoconfess.________youwantmetosay?A.WhatisitthatB.WhatitisthatC.HowisitthatD.HowitisthatA必修一暑假對應練習

U1Friendship一〕把句子補充完整1.你把所有的數(shù)加起來就會知道Youwillknowthe____whenyou________allthenumbers.2.我們努力想讓他平靜下來，但他還是沖動地大叫。Wetriedto____him_____buthekept_______excitedly.3.瑪麗在醫(yī)院里住了很長一段時間后，恢復了健康。Afteralongstay_____________Mary_________.4.李鳴在這里定居后，和鄰居們相處得很好。SinceLiMing______here,hehas___________________hisneighbours.resultadd

upcalm

downshoutingin

hospitalrecoveredsettledgot

along

well

with5.如果你不想和我在一起，你就收拾東西走人。Ifyoudon’twanttostaywithme,youcan________andgo.6.戰(zhàn)爭期間，我受了很多苦。我用日記記下自己的經(jīng)歷,以便老了以后能夠記住。Duringthewar,I_____alot.Iwrotemydiaryto_______my________,soIwould_________themwhenIwasold.二〕填入所缺的詞。1.Itwasquiteterrible.Ittookmesometimetoc______downmyself.2.Parentsarealwaysc_______muchabouttheirchildren.3.Truefriendsalwayss______theirsadnessandhappinesswitheachother.pack

up

remembersufferedsetdownexperiencesalm

oncernedhare4.I'mterriblysorry.Ididn'tdoitonp__________.5.Someanimalshibernateundersnow,becausethereismuchairinl______snow.6.A_______tothelaw,t_______arenotallowedtosmokeordrink.7.Theoldmanwentt_______manywarsands_____alotfromthem.8.Aftertheterriblehurricane,thewholehousewasdestroyede________.9.Ifyouhavesometrouble,youcango??totheteacherfora_________.10.Byinternet,wecanc_________withpeopleallovertheworld.11.Bynow,hehasformedtheh______ofdoingsomereadingbeforegoingtobed.12.Ther_____hegaveforhisc_____intheexamwassimple.urposeooseccordingeenagershroughufferedntirelydviceommunicateabiteasonheat三〕選擇填空1.---Mary’sgotcrazyandhasbeensenttothementalhospital.Didyoutellherbossaboutthat?---Yes,butI_____herhusbandfirst.A.shouldhavetoldB.shouldn’thavetoldC.musthavetoldD.needn’thavetold2.Therewas______time_____Chineseusedforeignoil.A.a;whenB.a;whileC./;whenD./;while3.Itwasbecauseofbadweather___thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that4.---Look!Thetelephoneisbroken.Someonedamagedit____purpose.---Thatmayberight.Butperhapsitwasbroken_____accident.A.on;byB.by;byC.on;onD.by;on5.Whatgreattroublewehad_______wherehishousewas.A.infindingB.tofindC.findD.found6.Somestudentshavetrouble_____grammarwhileothershavedifficulty_____newwords.A.in;remember

B.for;torememberC.on;remembering

D.with;remembering7.Icannotspend_____moneyonthecarwhichis_____expensiveforme.A.toomuch;muchto