操作系統(tǒng)上機實驗報告(西電)

操作系統(tǒng)上機題目一、題目實驗1：LINUX/UNIXShell部分（一）系統(tǒng)基本命令 1．登陸系統(tǒng)，輸入whoami和pwd，確定自己的登錄名和當(dāng)前目錄；登錄名yuanye，當(dāng)前目錄/home/yuanye 2．顯示自己的注冊目錄?命令在哪里? a．鍵入echo$HOME，確認(rèn)自己的主目錄；主目錄為/home/yuanye b．鍵入echo$PATH，記下自己看到的目錄表；/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games c．鍵入whichabcd，看看得到的錯誤信息； 再鍵入whichls和whichvi，對比剛剛得到的結(jié)果的目錄是否在a．、b． 兩題看到的目錄表中；/bin/ls/usr/bin/vi3．ls和cd的使用:a．鍵入ls，ls-l，ls-a，ls-al四條命令，觀察輸出，說明四種不同使用方式的區(qū)別。1.examples.desktop公共的模板視頻圖片文檔音樂桌面;總計322.-rw-r--r--1yuanyeyuanye3572011-03-2222:15examples.desktopdrwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25公共的drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25模板drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25視頻drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25圖片drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25文檔drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25音樂drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25桌面3...fontconfig.local.Xauthority...gconf.mozilla.xsession-errors.bash_logout.gconfd.nautilus公共的.bashrc.gksu.lock.profile模板.cache.gnome2.pulse視頻.chewing.gnome2_private.pulse-cookie圖片.config.gnupg.recently-used.xbel文檔.dbus.gstreamer-0.10.scim音樂.dmrc.gtk-bookmarks.sudo_as_admin_successful桌面.esd_auth.gvfs.update-manager-coreexamples.desktop.ICEauthority.update-notifier4.總計156drwxr-xr-x28yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2416:55.drwxr-xr-x3rootroot40962011-03-2222:15..-rw-r--r--1yuanyeyuanye2202011-03-2222:15.bash_logout-rw-r--r--1yuanyeyuanye31152011-03-2222:15.bashrcdrwxr-xr-x3yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:30.cachedrwx------2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:24.chewingdrwxr-xr-x4yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:30.configdrwx------3yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2222:31.dbus-rw-------1yuanyeyuanye492011-03-2416:54.dmrc-rw-------1yuanyeyuanye162011-03-2222:31.esd_auth-rw-r--r--1yuanyeyuanye3572011-03-2222:15examples.desktopdrwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:15.fontconfigdrwx------4yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2416:54.gconfdrwx------2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2416:56.gconfd-rw-r-----1yuanyeyuanye02011-03-2223:19.gksu.lockdrwx------6yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:20.gnome2drwx------2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2222:32.gnome2_privatedrwx------2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2222:31.gnupgdrwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2222:32.gstreamer-0.10-rw-r--r--1yuanyeyuanye1562011-03-2416:55.gtk-bookmarksdr-x------2yuanyeyuanye02011-03-2416:54.gvfs-rw-------1yuanyeyuanye4792011-03-2416:54.ICEauthoritydrwx------3yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:30.localdrwx------4yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:29.mozilladrwxr-xr-x3yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2222:32.nautilus-rw-r--r--1yuanyeyuanye6752011-03-2222:15.profiledrwx------2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2416:54.pulse-rw-------1yuanyeyuanye2562011-03-2222:31.pulse-cookie-rw-------1yuanyeyuanye8612011-03-2223:30.recently-used.xbeldrwx------3yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:24.scim-rw-r--r--1yuanyeyuanye02011-03-2222:35.sudo_as_admin_successfuldrwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2222:33.update-manager-coredrwx------2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2222:32.update-notifier-rw-------1yuanyeyuanye1172011-03-2416:54.Xauthority-rw-r--r--1yuanyeyuanye33852011-03-2416:56.xsession-errorsdrwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25公共的drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25模板drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25視頻drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25圖片drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25文檔drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25音樂drwxr-xr-x2yuanyeyuanye40962011-03-2223:25桌面b．利用cd轉(zhuǎn)到/bin，/sbin，/etc，/dev，再利用ls列出各個目錄的內(nèi)容，如果"迷路"，可以利用pwd確定位置，或鍵入cd，cd~觀察效果.cd，cd~的區(qū)別：1.bashdnsdomainnamemountpointsleepbunzip2dumpkeysmtsttybzcatechomt-gnusubzcmpedmvsyncbzdiffegrepnanotailfbzegrepfalsenctarbzexefgconsolenc.traditionaltempfilebzfgrepfgrepnetcattouchbzgrepfusernetstattruebzip2fusermountntfs-3gulockmgr_serverbzip2recovergrepbeumountbzlessgunzipopenunamebzmoregzexeopenvtuncompresscatgzippidofunicode_startchgrphostnamepingvdirchmodipping6whichchownkbd_modepszcatchvtkillpwdzcmpcpld_staticrbashzdiffcpiolnreadlinkzegrepdashloadkeysrmzfgrepdateloginrmdirzforcedbus-cleanup-socketslsrnanozgrepdbus-daemonlsmodrun-partszlessdbus-uuidgenmkdirsedzmoreddmknodsetfontznewdfmktempsetupcondirmoreshdmesgmountsh.distrib2.acpi_availablegettymii-toolresize_reiserfsalsagrub-installmkdosfsrmmodalsactlhaltmke2fsrouteapm_availablehdparmmkfsrtacctapparmor_parserhwclockmkfs.bfsrtmonbadblocksifconfigmkfs.cramfsrunlevelblkidifdownmkfs.ext2sfdiskblockdevifupmkfs.ext3shadowconfigbrlttyinitmkfs.ext4shutdownbrltty-setupinitctlmkfs.ext4devslattachcfdiskinsmodmkfs.minixsscrdainstallkernelmkfs.msdosstartctrlaltdelipmkfs.reiserfsstart-stop-daemondebugfsip6tablesmkfs.vfatstatusdebugreiserfsip6tables-restoremkreiserfsstopdepmodip6tables-savemkswapsulogindhclientipmaddrmodinfoswapoffdhclient3iptablesmodprobeswapondhclient-scriptiptables-restoremount.fusesysctldmsetupiptables-savemount.ntfssyslogddosfsckiptunnelmount.ntfs-3gtcdosfslabelisosizemount.vmhgfstelinitdumpe2fsiwconfignameiftune2fse2fsckiweventon_ac_powerudevadme2imageiwgetidpam_tallyudevde2labeliwlistpartedumount.hale2undoiwprivpartprobeunix_chkpwdfdiskiwspypccardctlunix_updatefindfskbdratepivot_rootupdate-grubfsckkillall5plipconfigusplashfsck.cramfsklogdpoweroffusplash_downfsck.ext2ldconfigrarpusplash_writefsck.ext3ldconfig.realrawvol_idfsck.ext4logdreadahead-listvstpfsck.ext4devlogsavereadahead-watchwpa_actionfsck.minixlosetuprebootwpa_clifsck.msdoslrm-managerregdbdumpwpa_supplicantfsck.nfslsmodreiserfsckfsck.reiserfslspcmciareiserfstunefsck.vfatMAKEDEVresize2fs3.acpilogin.defsadduser.conflogrotate.confadjtimelogrotate.dalsalsb-basealternativeslsb-base-logging.shanacrontablsb-releaseapmltrace.confapparmormagicapparmor.dmagic.mimeapportmailcapaptmailcap.orderat.denymanpath.configavahimime.typesbash.bashrcmke2fs.confbash_completionmodprobe.dbash_completion.dmodulesbindresvport.blacklistmonoblkid.tabmotdblkid.tab.oldmotd.tailbluetoothmtabbogofilter.cfmtools.confbonobo-activationnanorcbrlapi.keynetscsid.confbrlttynetworkbrltty.confNetworkManagerca-certificatesnetworksca-certificates.confnsswitch.confcalendarobex-data-serverchatscriptsopenofficecheckbox.doptcompizconfigpam.confConsoleKitpam.dconsole-setuppangoconsole-toolspapersizecron.dpasswdcron.dailypasswd-cron.hourlypcmciacron.monthlyperlcrontabpmcron.weeklypnm2ppa.confcupsPolicyKitdbus-1popularity-contest.confdebconf.confpowerdebian_versionpppdefaultprofiledefomaprofile.ddeluser.confprotocolsdepmod.dpulsedhcp3purpledictionaries-commonpythondmpython2.6doc-baserc0.ddpkgrc1.de2fsck.confrc2.demacsrc3.denvironmentrc4.desoundrc5.devent.drc6.dfirefox-3.0rc.localfontsrcS.dfoomaticreadaheadfstabresolvconffuse.confresolv.confgai.confrmtgaminrpcgconfsambagdmsane.dgimpscimgnomescreenrcgnome-app-installscsi_id.configgnome-system-toolssecurettygnome-vfs-2.0securitygnome-vfs-mime-magicsensors.confgre.dservicesgroffsgmlgroupshadowgroup-shadow-grub.dshellsgshadowskelgshadow-soundgtk-2.0sshhalsslhdparm.confsudoershesiod.confsysctl.confhost.confsysctl.dhostnamesyslog.confhoststerminfohosts.allowtimezonehosts.denytpvmlp.confhpts.confifplugducf.confinit.dudevinitramfs-toolsufwinputrcupdatedb.confiproute2updatedb.conf.BeforeVMwareToolsInstallissueupdate-motd.dkbdupdate-notifierkernelusplash.confkernel-img.confvimlaptop-modevmware-toolsldapw3mld.so.cachewgetrcld.so.confwodim.confld.so.conf.dwpa_supplicantlftp.confX11libpaper.dxdglocale.aliasxmllocaltimexulrunner-1.9logcheckzsh_command_not_foun4.adsploop7ram7tty15tty43usbdev1.1_ep00agpgartlp0ram8tty16tty44usbdev1.1_ep81audiomapperram9tty17tty45usbdev2.1_ep00blockmemrandomtty18tty46usbdev2.1_ep81busmidirtctty19tty47usbmon0cdrom1mixerrtc0tty2tty48usbmon1charnetscd0tty20tty49usbmon2consolenetwork_latencysdatty21tty5vcscorenetwork_throughputsda1tty22tty50vcs1cpu_dma_latencynullsda2tty23tty51vcs2diskoldmemsda5tty24tty52vcs3dmmidiparport0sequencertty25tty53vcs4dsppktcdvdsequencer2tty26tty54vcs5ecryptfsportsg0tty27tty55vcs6fdpppsg1tty28tty56vcs7fd0psauxshmtty29tty57vcs8fullptmxsnapshottty3tty58vcsafuseptssndtty30tty59vcsa1hpetram0sndstattty31tty6vcsa2initctlram1sr0tty32tty60vcsa3inputram10stderrtty33tty61vcsa4kmemram11stdintty34tty62vcsa5kmsgram12stdouttty35tty63vcsa6logram13ttytty36tty7vcsa7loop0ram14tty0tty37tty8vcsa8loop1ram15tty1tty38tty9vmciloop2ram2tty10tty39ttyS0vsockloop3ram3tty11tty4ttyS1xconsoleloop4ram4tty12tty40ttyS2zeroloop5ram5tty13tty41ttyS3loop6ram6tty14tty42urandom區(qū)別：（二）基本操作 1．用cp將/usr/share目錄下的exercise子目錄連同目錄下的文件拷貝到自己的主目錄下，然后進(jìn)入自己的exercise目錄:cp-r/usr/share./． 2．輸入/輸出重定向和cat，more等顯示命令的配合使用: a．輸入cat命令列出目錄下longtext文件中的內(nèi)容； b．輸入cat命令列出目錄下longtext文件中的內(nèi)容，是否發(fā)現(xiàn)一屏顯示不完? c．使用more命令列出longtext的內(nèi)容；d．輸入cathello.txt>hello2.txt，再輸入cathello.txt>>hello2.txt，再檢查hello2.txt的內(nèi)容有何變化；說明>與>>的區(qū)別。 e．對比兩條命令:morelongtext和catlongtext|more，兩者有何不同點? f．執(zhí)行命令echo<hello.txt，觀察發(fā)生了什么? g．輸入命令cat<<end，看看屏幕上的反應(yīng)(This文檔的使用)； h．設(shè)計一條命令，使該命令可以從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸出中讀入； (參考答案:cat<<end>hello3.txt) 3．特殊字符: 輸入cat[alsoatext].txt，看看能否打開目錄下的[alsoatext].txt文 件，若不能，該怎么辦? (參考答案:cat\[also\a\text\].txt) 4．文件鏈接:a．用ln命令為目錄下的longtext文件建立一個硬鏈接，鏈接名為longtext2，然后把longtext復(fù)制一個新文件longtext3，用cat命令將hello．txt的內(nèi)容追加到longt