寫作微技能-無靈主語的使用

無靈主語的使用寫作微技能訓(xùn)練之Introduction

無靈主語inanimatesubject有靈動(dòng)詞animateverb漢語常用句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

英語常用句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

Iloveallmystudents.(有靈主語

I

）

Mylovegoestoallmystudents.(無靈主語

love）animatesubject(有靈主語)+animateverb(有靈動(dòng)詞)

inanimatesubject(無靈主語)+animateverb(有靈動(dòng)詞)

物品、動(dòng)作、情感、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等

有生命的事物的動(dòng)作和行為，如：see、find、bring、give、escape、witness、seize、deny...

無靈主語句：inanimatesubject(無靈主語)+animateverb(有靈動(dòng)詞)Hisnameescapedme.Hisnamefailedme.Hisnameslippedmymind.Hisnamedidn'ttakerootinmymind.eg:我想不起他的名字了。中國學(xué)生：英美學(xué)生：Hisnamedidn'tregisterinmymind.Icouldn'trememberhisname.Iforgothisname.三、減少人稱主語的使用，增加表達(dá)的客觀性Wecarriedoutmoreexperimentsandfoundsomeexcitingresults.Furtherexperimentsgaveussomeexcitingresults.四、文學(xué)作品中給人一種莊重、典雅的感覺

Thus,thegatheringduskoftenfindsmehasteninghomeinahurryingcrowd.Whetheritrainsorsnows,windyorfoggy,itisthelongingtohomethatquickensmystep.二、使語言更生動(dòng)，表達(dá)豐富，句子瞬間充滿生命力Iwassoexcitedand

wordsslipped

outofmymouth

…Thethickcarpet

killedthesoundofmyfootsteps.一、增加主語多樣性，豐富句型Lifehastaught

me

thatsuccessisnotfinal.SoIalwaysstayhumbleandneverletitgotomyhead.Function:

（NSEFC）Book1Unit5過去三十年里，很多法律不斷地阻礙我們行使自己的權(quán)利，阻止我們的進(jìn)步，直到今天，我們步入了一個(gè)絲毫沒有權(quán)利的境地。

Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.

1.使用時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)名詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用“witness”、“see”、“find”來表達(dá)發(fā)生的事情。①Thatchillyafternoon

witnessedhimtrudginginthesnow.那個(gè)寒冷的下午，他在雪地里跋涉。②Thusthegatheringdarkoftenfindsmehasteninghomeinahurryingcrowd.于是，暮色漸濃時(shí)，我常常擠在匆忙的人群中匆匆回家。③Therecenttwoweekswitnessedoursincerecommunicationinstudy,living,sportsandart,etc.兩周以來，我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)、生活、體育以及文藝諸方面進(jìn)行了真誠的交流。④Thatperiodoftime

sawhisgreatchanges.他在那段時(shí)間變化很大。1.使用時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)名詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用“witness”、“see”、“find”來表達(dá)發(fā)生的事情?！九５缎≡嚒竣僮罱鼛啄昀铮S著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的騰飛，中國文化也引起世界矚目。(2016年北京卷)RecentyearshavefoundChinesecultureattractingworldwideattentionaswellasChina’seconomybooming.②在重陽節(jié)那天，很多學(xué)生都會(huì)去敬老院陪伴老人。（2015全國卷II）ThenursinghomeswitnessmanyteenagersstaywithandcarefortheelderlyontheDoubleNinthDay.③Inthepastfouryears,ourproductionhasincreased.④Atdusk,hewascryinginthestreet.

⑤近十年來，青少年使用社交網(wǎng)站的人數(shù)呈爆炸式增長。Thepastfouryearshaswitnessedanincreaseinproduction.

Duskfoundhimcryinginthestreet.Therecentdecadehaswitnessedanexplosivegrowthinthenumberofteenageusersofsocialnetworkingwebsites.2.情感類名詞或心理活動(dòng)名詞作主語開心傷心激動(dòng)驚訝失望生氣絕望焦急困惑滿意害怕嫉妒自豪happiness/delight/joy/pleasure/exultation/ecstasy(狂喜)/gaietysadness/grief/sorrowthrill/excitement/exhilarationamazement/surprise/astonishment/shock/astoundmentdisappointment/frustration/depressionanger/fury/irritation/ragedesperation/hopelessness/despairanxiety/worrypuzzle/confusionsatisfaction/contentmentfright/fear/scare/dread/terror/horrorjealousy/envypride后悔羞愧同情尷尬放松疲倦無聊孤獨(dú)熱情regretshamesympathyembarrassmentrelief/relaxationtiredness/exhaustion/fatigueboredomlonelinesspassion/enthusiasm在這些情感名詞之后，帶上動(dòng)詞諸如

seize,visit,haunt,comeover,wellup,takepossessionof,creepover,grip,overcome,surround,givewayto,desert,tear,choke,deprive,sweepover等，就能寫出精彩的情感無靈主語句式。2.情感類名詞或心理活動(dòng)名詞作主語Fear

grippedthevillage.Courage

desertedhim.Anxiety

torehimintopieces.Bynowoptimismhadgivenwaytodoubt.Anger

chokedmywords.Astonishment

deprivedmeofmypowerofspeech.Achillofhorrorsuddenlysweptoverhim.Despair

seizedhimatthethoughtofhersettingoutalonetorenewthewearyquestforwork.想起她一個(gè)人出去重新登上找工作的艱辛路途，他覺得萬念俱灰。Angerandbitternesshadpreyeduponmecontinuallyforweeks.幾個(gè)星期以來，我又氣又恨，感到非?？鄲?。2.情感類名詞或心理活動(dòng)名詞作主語整個(gè)村莊籠罩在恐怖之中。他沒有了勇氣。desert“舍棄”他焦慮萬分，肝腸寸斷?，F(xiàn)在，樂觀變成了懷疑。我氣的說不出話。我驚訝得說不出話來。他突然感到不寒而栗?！九５缎≡嚒竣偃绻懔私馓圃?，你一定會(huì)感到震撼與欽佩。（2017年全國卷I）ShockandadmirationwillcomeoveryouafteryourlearningofTangpoetry.②大家一直很渴望與你比賽。（2017年全國卷III）Eagernesstomatchyouhasalwaysbeenhauntingus.③因?yàn)楦改笡]有及時(shí)表揚(yáng)，所以我們或許充滿失望。（2016年上海卷）Disappointmentmaytakepossessionofusduetothelackofparents’immediatepraise.④同學(xué)們肯定很高興讀到你的來稿。（2015年全國卷I）Excitementwillsurelyvisitusthemomentwereadyourarticles.⑤對(duì)于你們的班額大小，我感到很好奇。(2014年全國卷I)Curiosityseizedmewhenitcomestohowlargeyourclassscaleis.⑥我為你成功運(yùn)營網(wǎng)店感到驕傲。(2013年全國卷II)Springsofprideoftenwellupinmymindbecauseofyourrunninganonlinestoresuccessfully.⑦得知你對(duì)中國歷史很感興趣，我有點(diǎn)吃驚且驕傲。(2016年北京卷)SlightsurpriseandpridegrippedmewhenIknewyourinterestinChinesehistory.3.主語是具有動(dòng)詞意味的名詞，常見表達(dá):thesightof看到，thethoughtof想到ThesightoftheclockremindedmethatIwaslate.一看到鬧鐘，我就知道我遲到了。Thesightofthescenefilledmewithhorror.看到這個(gè)情景，我心中滿是恐懼。Thethoughtofhisfailureinthefirstexamgave

himthestrengthtostrive.想到他第一次考試不及格，他就有了奮斗的力量。Thethoughtofyourdepartureforhomepainsus.想到你們即將回國，我們很難過?！九５缎≡嚒竣倏吹轿覀兊膰姎馐斤w機(jī)，聽見隆隆的飛機(jī)聲，令我特別神往。Thesightandsoundofourjetplanesfilledmewithspeciallonging.②一見到他進(jìn)入房間，她就充滿了喜悅。③當(dāng)他在國外工作時(shí)，一想到回家就使他感到高興。The

thoughtofgoingback

homewasallthatkepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad．④想到不久就要見到她的兒子，她心中感到十分快樂。Thesightofhimenteringtheroomcouldfloodherwithjoy.Thethoughtofseeinghersonverysoonfilledherheartwithgreathappiness．

①Yourarrivalwillabsolutelymakeourlecturemoresplendid.

您的到來一定會(huì)使我們的講座更加精彩。②Myabsencefromyouractivitymakesmeregretfulthesedays.我不能參加你們的活動(dòng)讓我一直都很內(nèi)疚。③Hisquickadaptationtothestudylifeoverseasremovedhisparents’worry.他很快就適應(yīng)了留學(xué)生活，讓父母很放心。④Theavailabilitytocellphonesoncampuswilldistractourattentionfromstudy.如果學(xué)校允許學(xué)生帶手機(jī)，大家肯定不會(huì)全心全意的學(xué)習(xí)。⑤WordsfailmewhenItrytoexpressmyheartfeltgratitude.我無法用言語來表達(dá)我衷心的感謝。⑥Yourpromptreplywillbehighlyappreciated.希望得到你立即的回復(fù)。4.使用抽象名詞作主語【牛刀小試】①如果申請(qǐng)書和簡(jiǎn)歷能夠得到你的修改，我一定能夠應(yīng)聘成功。Yourrevisionofmyresumeandapplicationlettersurelybringsmeasuccess.②如果你能參加此次攝影展，它一定會(huì)更加精彩。（2016年全國卷II）Yourparticipationinthisphotographyshowwillabsolutelyadditmorecolor.③人們的環(huán)抱意識(shí)在增強(qiáng)，所以這次攝影展主題就是“環(huán)?！?。Theincreaseofpeople’s

environmentawarenessdeterminesthetopicofthisphotographyshow：environmentalprotection.④我忙得不可開交，完全忘記了我們的約會(huì)。Iwaswrappedupinmybusiness,andtheappointmentslippedmymindabsolutely.⑤如果你了解毛主席的一生，你也就會(huì)更好地了解中國。（2016年北京卷）⑥

春天，巴黎陽光燦爛，景色優(yōu)美。YourfamiliaritywithChairmanMao’slifewillbetteryourunderstandingofChina.SpringfindsabeautifulsunnyParis.1.WhenIwasyoung,Iwasshy.At14yearsold,itwasmyturntogiveapresentationinclass.