2023-2024學(xué)年外研版（2019）必修 第三冊Unit 3 The world of science重點(diǎn)短語和句型學(xué)案（含答案）

Unit3Theworldofscience3.2重點(diǎn)短語和句型重點(diǎn)短語1.inaddition除此之外，另外【相關(guān)短語】inadditionto除……之外，還……(＝aswellas＝besides)except(＝but)除……外(其余都)apartfrom(＝except/besides)除……之外名師提醒inadditionto意為“加在……上”，其中to是介詞，因此用inadditiontodoingsth，而不是inadditiontodosth?！窘?jīng)典例句】(教材P27)Inaddition,importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.此外，由于不斷提高的計(jì)算機(jī)能力，醫(yī)學(xué)和環(huán)境科學(xué)也取得了重要進(jìn)展。ThecompanyprovidescheapInternetaccess.Inaddition,itmakessharewarefreelyavailable.該公司提供廉價(jià)的互聯(lián)接入服務(wù)。此外，它還免費(fèi)提供共享軟件?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】①______________hishomework，hedidmanyexercises.除了家庭作業(yè)外，他還做了許多習(xí)題。②__________________,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.除此之外，絡(luò)使調(diào)查和投票無論在時(shí)間上還是空間上變得容易而且方便了。【答案】1.Inadditionto2.Inaddition/Besides2.beusedtodo被用來做某事【相關(guān)短語】(1)usedto過去常常Thereusedtobe...過去常常有……(2)be/getusedto(doing)sth.習(xí)慣(做)某事【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P27)Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.像3D打印機(jī)這樣的新發(fā)明已經(jīng)被用來制造心臟和骨頭的替代品。Woodisoftenusedtomakedesksandchairs.木頭常常被用來制作桌椅?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】①Thereused____________(be)anoldtempleonthehill,didn't/usedn'tthere?②TheNileRiverused____________(flood)largeareasbutnowthewaterisused____________(produce)electricity.③Heisusedto____________(take)notesofeverythinghedid.【答案】1.tobe2.tofloodtoproduce3.taking3.intermsof根據(jù)……來說；依照……；就……而言【相關(guān)短語】inthelong/shortterm就長/短期而言beongood/badtermswithsb.與某人交情好/不好【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P27)Intermsoftheenvironment,itisnowpossibletocreateanintelligentwalkinghouse.就環(huán)境而言，現(xiàn)在有可能制造出一個(gè)可以走的智能屋。Intermsofmoneywe'requiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.從錢的角度說，我們相當(dāng)富有，但就幸福而言則不然。【巧學(xué)助記】①Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironment____________________.從長期來看，他們所做的事情對(duì)環(huán)境是有利的。②Wehavebeen____________________ourneighborsforalltheseyears.這么多年來我們一直和鄰居的關(guān)系很好?！敬鸢浮竣賗nthelongterm ②ongoodtermswith4.lookfor尋找【相關(guān)短語】lookthrough瀏覽lookafter照顧；照看lookout當(dāng)心lookup查閱lookforwardto期盼lookdownon/upon輕視，看不起【經(jīng)典例句】Morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.(教材P32)一代又一代的學(xué)童對(duì)他的勇敢和尋找真理的科學(xué)方法感到驚訝?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】①Weallneedtolook____________waystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.②Wouldyoupleaselook____________thepaperformeandseeifthereareanymistakes?③Iftherearewordsyoudonotunderstand，lookthem____________inadictionary.④It’swrongofyoutolookdown____________thepoor.⑤Thisisagreatplaceforcampingbutyouhavetolook____________forsnakes.【答案】1.for2.through3.up4.on/upon5.out5.takeplace發(fā)生【相關(guān)短語】taketheplaceof＝takeone’splace代替；就座inplaceof代替inplace在合適的位置，恰當(dāng)outofplace不在合適的位置，不恰當(dāng)名師提醒takeplace為不及物動(dòng)詞短語，無被動(dòng)形式，多指預(yù)先計(jì)劃、安排要發(fā)生的事情；突然發(fā)生則用happen或occur。【經(jīng)典例句】AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin’sexperimenttookplace，morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.(教材P33)盡管富蘭克林的實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)被證實(shí)，但不止一位科學(xué)家質(zhì)疑到底發(fā)生了什么。Warmairisgoingup，heavycoolairmovesintotaketheplaceofit.熱空氣上升時(shí)，大量的冷空氣填充了它的位置。Yourwordswerequiteoutofplaceonsuchaseriousoccasion.在這樣嚴(yán)肅的場合里，你的話太不恰當(dāng)了。【巧學(xué)助記】①Greatchanges___________________________inChinasincethe1980s.自從20世紀(jì)80年代以來中國發(fā)生了很大的變化。②ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI’ll______________________________duringhisabsence.經(jīng)理將要出差，他不在時(shí)我將代替他。③Someofthesebooksare________________,makingthewholeroommessy.You’dbetterputthesebooks________________.Otherwise，itwillbedifficulttofindthem.有些書放的地方不對(duì)，這使得整個(gè)房間亂七八糟的。你最好把這些書放在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?，否則，找到它們很困難?！敬鸢浮?.havetakenplace2.takehisplace/taketheplaceofhim3.outofplaceinplace6.diefrom死于【相關(guān)短語】diefrom 由外部原因造成的死亡dieof 用于死因存在于人身體之內(nèi)dieaway逐漸減弱；逐漸消失dieof死于dieoff相繼死去dieout滅絕；消失diedown減弱，平息【經(jīng)典例句】ButscientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.但是科學(xué)家們都認(rèn)為如果富蘭克林接觸了鑰匙,他早就可能死于電擊了。Fortythousandchildrenadaydiefrompreventablediseases.每天有4萬個(gè)孩子死于本可以預(yù)防的疾病。Takethecaseofthatpatient;hedidnotdiefromit.以那個(gè)病人為例,這并不是他的死因?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】①Thesheerhaddied________andtherewasamomentofabsolutesilence.②Elephantswoulddie_______ifmencouldshootasmanyastheywished.③Theseanimalsdied______onebyoneshortlyaftertheIceAgecametoanend.④Thespeakerwaiteduntilthelaughterhaddied__________.⑤Atthesametimelackofsleepandfoodsituation，youwilldie________lackofsleep.【答案】1.away2.out3.off4.down5.from7.apartfrom除……之外【相關(guān)短語】apartfrom具有雙重含義，既相當(dāng)于except/but(除……之外)，又相當(dāng)于besides/inadditionto(除……之外還有)。apartfrom 具有多重意義，既可代替besides，也可代替except或exceptforbesides “除了……之外(還有)”，即把除去的部分也包括在整體之內(nèi)except “除了……之外”，表示在整體中減去一部分，除去的部分不包括在整體之內(nèi)【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P32)Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.他不僅是一位成功的政治家，還是美國著名的作家、印刷家和出版商、成功的外交家、創(chuàng)造性的科學(xué)家和發(fā)明家。Theofficeisemptyapartfromthedustmanafterworkeveryday.每天下班后辦公室里除了清潔工，什么人也沒有?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】選詞填空(apartfrom/except/besides)①____________________beingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.②It'sreallyagoodfilm____________theending.③Theshopisopeneveryday____________onSundays.【答案】1.Apartfrom/Besides2.apartfrom3.eupwith想出；提出【相關(guān)短語】comeup走近;上來;發(fā)芽;發(fā)生;被提出comeabout發(fā)生comeacross穿過(路、橋);(偶然)遇見;發(fā)現(xiàn)comeout出來;(書等)出版;發(fā)行cometo蘇醒;總計(jì);達(dá)到;談到whenitcomesto...當(dāng)談到……【經(jīng)典例句】Severalofthemembershavecomeupwithsuggestionsoftheirown.有幾位成員提出了自己的建議。Thepresidentwasmovedtocomeupwiththesesuggestionsafterthehearings.聽證會(huì)促使總統(tǒng)想出了這些建議。I’msureitwillallcomeoutallrightintheend.我敢肯定最后結(jié)局會(huì)很好。Newshootsofbamboowillcomeupfromaroundtherootsoftheoldones.新的竹筍將從舊根的周圍長出來。Icameacrossmyoldcollegeclassmateintheparktoday.今天在公園遇到我大學(xué)的老同學(xué)?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】——單句語法填空①Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcame_________?②Icame____________thisoldphotographwhenlookingforabookyesterday.③Whenitcomes________computergames,heisalwaysveryexcited.——完成句子④Alotofnewquestions____________atthemeeting.＝People________________alotofnewquestionsatthemeeting.在此次會(huì)議上，許多新問題被提了出來?！敬鸢浮?.about2.across3.to4.cameup5.cameupwith重點(diǎn)句型9.(教材P26)Itsuggeststhatthepresentdayisanewageforinventions,butmanypeoplemightthinkthatthegreatageofinventionisover.這表明當(dāng)今是一個(gè)發(fā)明的新時(shí)代，但許多人可能認(rèn)為發(fā)明的偉大時(shí)代已經(jīng)結(jié)束?！居梅ā烤涫椒治觯壕渲小癐tsuggeststhat...”結(jié)構(gòu)中的it是形式主語，that從句是真正的主語。suggest意為“表明”。suggest表示“暗示或表明”等意思時(shí)，其后接的that從句要用陳述語氣。(2)suggest作動(dòng)詞，表示“提議，建議”，后面可以跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞和that從句作賓語。其中that從句謂語通常用“(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣形式。【經(jīng)典例句】Herexpressionsuggestedthatshewasangry.她的表情說明她生氣了。Isuggestedhimthatheshouldjoinintheclubactivities.我建議他參加俱樂部的活動(dòng)。【巧學(xué)助記】①Itissuggestedthattheworkreferredto____________________(finish)atonce.②Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe_______(be)ill，andherparentssuggestedthatshe______________(have)amedicalexamination.③Isuggest_______(go)outforawalkaftersupper.【答案】(should)befinished2.was(should)have3.going10.(教材P33)Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事實(shí)上，不止一種說法表明，雖然牛頓確實(shí)是受到了一個(gè)掉落的蘋果的啟發(fā)，但沒有證據(jù)表明它擊中了他的頭部。【句式剖析】本句為復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句。句中that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句。Thenewsthattheyha