人教版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第四冊(cè)UNIT 1課時(shí)作業(yè)含答案

UNIT1SCIENCEFICTION(滿分：120分建議用時(shí)：120分鐘)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)AHerewewillshowyousomeofthebestwinterRV(野營(yíng)車)destinationsintheUS.CasaDelSolResort(度假勝地)AttheCasaDelSol，youaresuretofeelrightathome.ThisRVdestinationoffersshowers，laundryfacilities，restroomsandfreeWi-FiattheRVsites.Theydon’tstoptherethough，thisawesomeRVparkoffersanOlympic-sizedheatedpool，craftroomsaswellasplannedyear-roundactivitiestokeepyoubusyandactive.GoldenVillagePalmsRVResortThisRVresortinsunnysouthernCaliforniaisagreatchoicetospendyourwintermonths!ThisRVparkoffersabigpool，outdoorbarbecues，alendinglibraryandevenfreecoffee!OntheRVhook-upsitestheyfeaturecheapWi-Fiandlandscapingservicestokeeptheparkneatandclean!AgreatplacetoparkyourRVforthewinter!RiverbendResortCabins&RVParkRiverbendResortCabinsandRVParkistheperfectplaceforyourRVwhenyouwantawarmplacetoreturntoafteralongdayofhiking，bikingorfishinginthecold!Itofferswater，sewerandelectricalhook-ups，aswellascheapWi-Fi.Italsooffersoutdoorgrillsandpicnictables.Thereiseasyaccesstohikingandbikingtrailsfromthecampsite.ForgeAdirondackForgeAdirondackresortoffersmanyactivitiestoattractyoutotheircampgroundsforwinterrecreation!Itofferssnowmobilingwhichispopularwithmosttourists，asnowshoetrack，boatrentalsandevenhorsebackriding!Ithas8differentsitesforheatedrestroomsandshowers，andeachsitecomescompletewithpicnictables.()1．WhichofthefollowingisfreeofchargeattheCasaDelSolResort?A．Restrooms. B．Wi-Fi.C．Laundryfacilities. D．Showers.()2．Whichdestinationoffersfreecoffee?A．CasaDelSolResort.B．RiverbendResortCabins&RVPark.C．GoldenVillagePalmsRVResort.D．ForgeAdirondack.()3．WhichattractsmosttouristsatForgeAdirondack?A．Asnowshoetrack. B．Swimming.C．Snowmobiling. D．Horsebackriding.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，展示了四個(gè)美國(guó)最好的冬季野營(yíng)車目的地。1．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CasaDelSolResort(度假勝地)部分中的“ThisRVdestinationoffersshowers，laundryfacilities，restroomsandfreeWi-FiattheRVsites(這個(gè)野營(yíng)車目的地提供淋浴、洗衣設(shè)施、衛(wèi)生間和免費(fèi)無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)。).”可知，無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)在太陽(yáng)之家度假勝地是免費(fèi)的。故選B項(xiàng)。2．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GoldenVillagePalmsRVResort部分中的“ThisRVparkoffersabigpool，outdoorbarbecues，alendinglibraryandevenfreecoffee!”可知，金村棕櫚野營(yíng)車度假村提供免費(fèi)咖啡。故選C項(xiàng)。3．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ForgeAdirondack部分中的“Itofferssnowmobilingwhichispopularwithmosttourists，asnowshoetrack，boatrentalsandevenhorsebackriding(它提供受大多數(shù)游客歡迎的雪地摩托、雪靴跑道、船只租賃，甚至騎馬！)！”可知，F(xiàn)orgeAdirondack的雪地摩托車吸引了最多的游客。故選C項(xiàng)。BIfyouhaveeverbeendisappointedbecauseyoudon’thaveagoodgardener，thecleverrobotmayonedaybecomethehelperofyourindoorplants.TheHexaPlantisasix-leggedrobotthathasbeenspeciallymadetocareforthepottedplantthatitcarriesontopofitshead.Usinglightandheatsensors，therobothastheabilitytocarryitsplantinandoutofthedaylight.Ifthehouseplantneedsmoresun，theHexawillwalkintothesunlight；andifthehouseplantisgettingtoohot，theHexawillgobackintotheareathatblocksdirectlight.TheHexaPlantwillevendoalittledancewhenitsensesthattheplantneedstobewateredtowarnitsowner.TherobotwasdevelopedbyVincrossengineerandfounderSunTianqiafterhesawadeadsunflowersittinginthedarknessinaroombackin2014．“Plantsonlyreceiveanactionwithoutresponding，”SunTianqiwroteinablogpost.“Whethertheyarebeingcut，bitten，burnedorpulledfromtheearth，orwhentheyhaven’treceivedenoughsunshine，water，oraretoohotorcold，theywillholdstillandtakewhateverishappeningtothem.”AccordingtoSunTianqi，forbillionsofyears，plantshaveneverexperiencedmovementofanykind，noteventhesimplestmovement.Intheirwholelives，theysticktowheretheywereborn.SunTianqicontinued，“Dotheywanttobreaktheirownsettingsorhaveatendencytowardsthis？Idonotknowtheanswer，butIwouldlovetotrytosharesomeofthishumantendencyandtechnologywithplants.Withthehelpoftherobot，plantscanexperiencethemove.”TheHexaPlantmodelrobotsarenotforsale，thoughVincrossdoessellaHexarobotmodel.Itissaidthatinthenearfuturetherobotscanopenupanewmarkettowatchoverourhouseholdplants.()4．WhatcanwelearnabouttheHexaPlant?A．Ithelpsindoorplantsgetpropersunlight.B．Itwaterstheplantsthroughdancing.C．Ithelpspeopledosomegardening.D．Itcarriesthepottedplantwithitshands.()5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blocks”inParagraph2mean?A．Hides. B．Collects.C．Prevents. D．Receives.()6．WhatdoestheauthortrytoshowthroughParagraph3?A．Thewayplantsspendtheirwholelives.B．Thecommonwaypeopledealwithplants.C．Thedifferencebetweenplantsandhumans.D．Thecauseofmakingtheindoorplants’helper.()7．WhatdoesSunTianqitrytodousingthistechnology?A．Todevelopgardeningskills.B．Todrawpeople’sattentiontoplants.C．Tomakeplantsexperiencemove.D．Tostudythelivingconditionsofplants.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了Vincross的工程師和創(chuàng)始人孫天奇研發(fā)的一款可以照顧室內(nèi)植物的機(jī)器人HexaPlant。4．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Usinglightandheatsensors，therobothastheabilitytocarryitsplantinandoutofthedaylight.Ifthehouseplantneedsmoresun，theHexawillwalkintothesunlight(使用光和熱傳感器，機(jī)器人有能力攜帶它的植物進(jìn)入和離開日光。如果室內(nèi)植物需要更多的陽(yáng)光，HexaPlant就會(huì)走到陽(yáng)光下)...”可知，HexaPlant能幫助室內(nèi)植物獲得適當(dāng)?shù)年?yáng)光。故選A項(xiàng)。5．C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Usinglightandheatsensors，therobothastheabilitytocarryitsplantinandoutofthedaylight.Ifthehouseplantneedsmoresun，theHexawillwalkintothesunlight；andifthehouseplantisgettingtoohot(利用光和熱傳感器，該機(jī)器人有能力在日光下或日光下攜帶植物。如果室內(nèi)植物需要更多的陽(yáng)光，Hexa會(huì)走向陽(yáng)光；如果室內(nèi)植物太熱了)...”可知，HexaPlant能幫助室內(nèi)植物獲得適當(dāng)?shù)年?yáng)光。由此可知，如果室內(nèi)植物需要更多的陽(yáng)光，Hexa會(huì)走向陽(yáng)光，那么如果室內(nèi)植物太熱了，Hexa也會(huì)把植物帶到能夠阻擋陽(yáng)光直射的地方。由此推知，畫線詞blocks與prevents(阻礙、阻止)意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)。6．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“TherobotwasdevelopedbyVincrossengineerandfounderSunTianqiafterhesawadeadsunflowersittinginthedarknessinaroombackin2014(該機(jī)器人是由Vincross工程師和創(chuàng)始人孫天奇在2014年看到一朵向日葵死在黑暗的房間里后開發(fā)的。).”可知，本段主要介紹機(jī)器人開發(fā)的原因。故選D項(xiàng)。7．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Idonotknowtheanswer，butIwouldlovetotrytosharesomeofthishumantendencyandtechnologywithplants.Withthehelpoftherobot，plantscanexperiencethemove(我不知道答案，但我想嘗試與植物分享一些人類的傾向和技術(shù)。在機(jī)器人的幫助下，植物可以體驗(yàn)到這種移動(dòng)。).”可知，孫天奇想要用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)讓植物體驗(yàn)移動(dòng)。故選C項(xiàng)。CReplacingthemeatanddairyproductsthatmakeupatypicalEuropeandietwithlaboratory-grownproducecouldcutfood-relatedgreenhousegases，aswellaswaterandlanduse，byover80percent，anewstudysuggests.Foodproductionhashugeenvironmentalimpacts，creatingmorethanathirdofallgreenhousegasemissions(排放).Toassesswaystoreducethisimpact，RachelMazacattheUniversityofHelsinkiinFinlandandhercolleagueshavestudiedthepotentialeffectsofswitchingto“novelandfuturefoods”．“Whatwearelookingatarefoodsthatarenovelintheirproductiontechnology，likeculturedmeatorculturedmilk，”saysMazac.Herteamusedtheanalysestocalculatethepotentialbenefitsofswitchingtothesefoodsassumingpeoplearewillingtodoso，comparedwithfoodsthataretypicallyconsumedinEurope.Theresultssuggestthatan“optimiseddiet”ofnovelfoodscouldcutgreenhouseemissionsby83percent，wateruseby84percentandlanduseby87percent.“Weareseeingsomeprettysignificantreductionsinimpacts，”saysMazac.Theteamalsofoundthatswitchingtoavegan(素食的)diethadthesimilareffect.Butswitchingtolab-grownmeat，ratherthanavegandiet，couldallowmanypeopletoeatfoodsthataremoreliketheircurrentdiet.“Itwouldbeawayforsomeonetoconsumetheirfast-foodburger，butsaveonlanduseandwateruseandglobalwarmingpotential，”saysMazac.Speakingoftheresults，TimLangatCityUniversityofLondon，says:“It’salmosttoogoodtobetrue.”Ifthefindingsarecorrect，theresearchhasimportantpolicyimplications(啟示)，hesays.ButLangthinkstheenvironmentalbenefitswon’tcomeaboutthroughconsumersmakingvoluntarychangestotheirdiet.Theywillonlyplayoutifgovernmentsandcompaniesessentiallyforcethesefoodsonpeople，hesays.()8．HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinParagraph1?A．Bycomparingfacts. B．Byvoicingopinions.C．Byreleasingfigures. D．Byreportingfindings.()9．WhatcanbeinferredfromtheresearchledbyMazac?A．Peopletendtowelcomenovelfoodsenthusiastically.B．Anewwayisusedtoassessthebenefitsofnovelfoods.C．Novelfoodsarenotlikelytoaffectpeople’seatinghabits.D．Waterandlanduseisontheriseinnovelfoodproduction.()10．WhatisLang’sattitudetowardsthefutureofnovelfoods?A．Doubtful. B．Critical.C．Optimistic. D．Responsible.()11．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．LessMeat，F(xiàn)ewerProblems B．NovelFoods，GreenerPlanetC．Lab-grownMeat:BestChoiceFood D．FutureFoods:HealthyDiet【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品取代構(gòu)成典型歐洲飲食的肉類和奶制品，可以減少80%以上與食物相關(guān)的溫室氣體，以及水和土地的使用。8．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ReplacingthemeatanddairyproductsthatmakeupatypicalEuropeandietwithlaboratory-grownproducecouldcutfood-relatedgreenhousegases，aswellaswaterandlanduse，byover80percent，anewstudysuggests.”可知，作者是通過(guò)報(bào)道研究發(fā)現(xiàn)來(lái)介紹第一段的主題的。故選D項(xiàng)。9．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butswitchingtolab-grownmeat，ratherthanavegandiet，couldallowmanypeopletoeatfoodsthataremoreliketheircurrentdiet.”可知，從馬扎克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究中可以推斷出，新型食品不大可能影響人們的飲食習(xí)慣。故選C項(xiàng)。10．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ButLangthinkstheenvironmentalbenefitswon’tcomeaboutthroughconsumersmakingvoluntarychangestotheirdiet.Theywillonlyplayoutifgovernmentsandcompaniesessentiallyforcethesefoodsonpeople，hesays.”可知，對(duì)于未來(lái)的新型食品，朗的態(tài)度是懷疑的。故選A項(xiàng)。11．B標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段中的“ReplacingthemeatanddairyproductsthatmakeupatypicalEuropeandietwithlaboratory-grownproducecouldcutfood-relatedgreenhousegases，aswellaswaterandlanduse，byover80percent，anewstudysuggests.”可知，本文主要講的是用實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品取代構(gòu)成典型歐洲飲食的肉類和奶制品，可以減少80%以上與食物相關(guān)的溫室氣體，以及水和土地的使用，也就是可以更環(huán)保。因此，最好的標(biāo)題是B項(xiàng)“NovelFoods，GreenerPlanet(新型食品，綠色地球)”。故選B項(xiàng)。D(2023年新課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)WhenJohnToddwasachild，helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse，observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream，forexample，oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder，Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture，medicine，andfisheriesincollege，Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)？Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals？Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants，hefigured，maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First，heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle，thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks，Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks，ithadallbeendigested，andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears，Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou，acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor，”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”()12．WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Hewasfondoftravelling. B．Heenjoyedbeingalone.C．Hehadaninquiringmind. D．Helongedtobeadoctor.()13．WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A．Tofeedtheanimals. B．Tobuildanecosystem.C．Toprotecttheplants. D．Totesttheeco-machine.()14．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A．ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C．TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs.D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.()15．WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A．Naturecanrepairitself. B．Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C．LifeonEarthisdiverse. D．Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了約翰·托德從小就很愛(ài)思考且好學(xué)，他建造了一個(gè)生態(tài)機(jī)器，利用大自然可以自我修復(fù)的原理來(lái)凈化污水。12．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，當(dāng)約翰·托德還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他喜歡探索房子周圍的樹林，觀察大自然是如何解決問(wèn)題的。例如，一條骯臟的小溪流經(jīng)植物和微小生物居住的巖石后，往往會(huì)變得清澈。長(zhǎng)大后，約翰開始思考這個(gè)過(guò)程是否可以用來(lái)清理人們制造的混亂。根據(jù)第二段中的“Afterstudyingagriculture，medicine，andfisheriesincollege，Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)？Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals(在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問(wèn)題的生活中。為什么某些植物能捕獲有害細(xì)菌？哪些魚類會(huì)食用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)？)？”可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強(qiáng)。故選C項(xiàng)。13．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Afterafewweeks，Johnaddedthesludge.”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks，ithadallbeendigested，andallthatwasleftwaspurewater(他對(duì)結(jié)果感到驚訝。生態(tài)機(jī)器里的動(dòng)植物把污泥當(dāng)成了食物，開始吃了起來(lái)！幾周之內(nèi)，它就被消化了，只剩下純凈水。).”可知，約翰把污泥放進(jìn)罐子里是為了測(cè)試生態(tài)機(jī)器。故選D項(xiàng)。14．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears，Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou，acityinsoutheastChina(這些年來(lái)，約翰承擔(dān)了許多重大工作。他開發(fā)了一個(gè)類似溫室的設(shè)施，可以處理來(lái)自南伯靈頓1600戶家庭的污水。他還設(shè)計(jì)了一種生態(tài)機(jī)器來(lái)清潔中國(guó)東南部城市福州的運(yùn)河水。).”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示約翰想法的應(yīng)用。故選B項(xiàng)。15．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair(你把生物體放在新的關(guān)系中，觀察會(huì)發(fā)生什么。然后讓這些新系統(tǒng)發(fā)展自己的自我修復(fù)方式。).”可知，約翰工作的基礎(chǔ)是大自然可以自我修復(fù)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)Formorethan60years，Legoblockshavesparkedchildren’simagination.__16__TheyarecalledLegoBrailleBricks.LegoBrailleBricksaredesignedtohelppeoplelearnBraille.That’sasystemofwritinginwhichlettersarerepresentedbyraiseddots.Blindpeopleusetheirfingertipstoreadthem.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation，thereare36millionblindpeople.Itisestimated，however，thatintheUSonly10%ofblindchildrenlearnBraille.__17__ThesmallknobsonthebricksarearrangedasBrailleletters.BlindchildrencanusetheseknobstolearnBraille.LegoplanstolaunchtheBrailleBricksnextyear.Forsomeschools，theywillbefree.Alongwiththealphabet，thebrickswillfeaturenumbersandmathsymbols.TheDanishAssociationoftheBlindfirstcameupwiththeideaofusingLegobrickstoteachBraille.In2011，thegroupsharedtheideawiththeLegoFoundation.ThorkildOlesen，whoisthepresidentofthegroup，isblind.Hesaysmanyteachersdon’thavethetoolsandskillstoteachBraille.__18__“Likeanyotherpeople，weneedtoexpressourselvesinwriting，”O(jiān)lesensaid.“Audioisgreat.__19__Brailleisthesinglemostimportanttoolforusinordertolearntospellcorrectly，writeandgainliteracylikesightedpeople.”O(jiān)lesentoldthetoymakerthattheknobsonLegosaresimilarBrailleletters.StineStormisaprojectmanagerattheLegoFoundation.ShelikedtheideaofmakingLegosalearningtool.“Itwasanobviousmatchforus，”shesays.Thebrickswillalsohavelettersprintedonthem.__20__“Wewillhavetocommittomakinginclusionapriority，”Stormsays.A．TheskillschildrenlearnfromLegosareimportantandunbelievable.B．ButitcanneverreplaceBraille.C．Nowanewversionofthesetoysisintheworks.D．Inthisway，sightedandblindkidscanplaywiththeLegostogether.E．They’rebeingtestedaroundtheworld.F．Sotheyteachwithaudiotools，suchasaudiobooks.G．LegoBrailleBrickscanhelpchangethat.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了樂(lè)高積木的一款新產(chǎn)品，這款新產(chǎn)品是針對(duì)盲人設(shè)計(jì)的，可以更好地幫助他們學(xué)習(xí)盲文。16．C根據(jù)后文“TheyarecalledLegoBrailleBricks.LegoBrailleBricksaredesignedtohelppeoplelearnBraille.That’sasystemofwritinginwhichlettersarerepresentedbyraiseddots.Blindpeopleusetheirfingertipstoreadthem.”可知，這是在介紹樂(lè)高的一款新產(chǎn)品。C項(xiàng)“Nowanewversionofthesetoysisintheworks(現(xiàn)在這些玩具的一個(gè)新版本正在制作中。).”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。17．G根據(jù)上文“AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganisation，thereare36millionblindpeople.Itisestimated，however，thatintheUSonly10%ofblindchildrenlearnBraille.”可知，只有極少數(shù)的盲童在學(xué)習(xí)盲文，所以需要改變這一現(xiàn)象。G項(xiàng)“LegoBrailleBrickscanhelpchangethat(樂(lè)高盲文積木可以幫助改變這一點(diǎn)。).”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。18．F根據(jù)上文中的“Hesaysmanyteachersdon’thavethetoolsandskillstoteachBraille.”可知，教視障兒童的老師沒(méi)有其他工具來(lái)教學(xué)生，只能借助一些有聲書。F項(xiàng)“Sotheyteachwithaudiotools，suchasaudiobooks(所以他們用音頻工具教學(xué)，比如有聲書。).”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。19．B根據(jù)上文，盲文老師沒(méi)有其他工具來(lái)教學(xué)生，只能借助一些有聲書。但是有聲書沒(méi)有辦法教學(xué)生寫作。又根據(jù)下文中的“Brailleisthesinglemostimportanttoolforusinordertolearntospellcorrectly，writeandgainliteracylikesightedpeople.”可知，有聲書是沒(méi)有辦法代替盲文的。B項(xiàng)“ButitcanneverreplaceBraille(但它無(wú)法代替盲文。).”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。20．D根據(jù)上文“Thebrickswillalsohavelettersprintedonthem.”可知，除了視力正常的孩子能玩之外，盲人孩子也可以通過(guò)觸摸玩具上的字母來(lái)玩耍。D項(xiàng)“Inthisway，sightedandblindkidscanplaywiththeLegostogether(通過(guò)這種方式，視力正常和失明的孩子可以一起玩樂(lè)高。).”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)Weliveinaworldincreasinglydominatedbyscience.Sinceelementaryschool，Ihavealways__21__subjectslikescienceandmath.Tome，thesesubjects，fullofdiscoveriesand__22__，seemtoplaymoresignificantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities.AndIalways__23__thoughtofthesesubjectsasmoresolidandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.Iftherewasnoright__24__Ithought，whybother？Butrecently，Ihadan__25__thattaughtmemyacademicinterestsaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophyclass.BeforeIenteredtheclassroom，Iwas__26__．Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations__27__intendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite__28__．Ayoungmaninjeans，MrJones—“butyoucancallmeRob”—wasfarfromthewhite-haired，buttoned-upoldmanIhad__29__．Ratherthanpullingusintodullargumentsaboutdifficult-to-understandphilosophicalpoints，Rob__30__usonourlevel.Totalkfreewill，welookedatourown__31__．Totalkmorals，welookedatdilemmaswehadfacedourselves.Bytheendofclass，I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost__32__ones.It__33__methatifIletgoofmy__34__，IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIoncethoughtlittleof.Theclasstaughtme—inmorewaysthanone—tolookatthingswitha(n)__35__mind.()21．A．chosen B．evaluatedC．favoured D．a(chǎn)voided()22．A．formulas B．puzzlesC．challenges D．innovations()23．A．a(chǎn)utomatically B．consciouslyC．a(chǎn)ccurately D．impatiently()24．A．reason B．a(chǎn)nswerC．method D．direction()25．A．surprise B．experienceC．incident D．a(chǎn)dventure()26．A．hopeful B．confidentC．doubtful D．nervous()27．A．supposedly B．mistakenlyC．naturally D．previously()28．A．unique B．commonC．different D．strange()29．A．mentioned B．encounteredC．expected D．missed()30．A．engaged B．testedC．persuaded D．invited()31．A．choices B．a(chǎn)bilitiesC．obstacles D．doubts()32．A．objective B．effectiveC．encouraging D．a(chǎn)ppealing()33．A．confused B．struckC．warned D．convinced()34．A．pride B．concernC．a(chǎn)ssessment D．prejudice()35．A．open B．strongC．sharp D．ready【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述作者通過(guò)自己的親身經(jīng)歷意識(shí)到，科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)這樣的學(xué)科比人文學(xué)科更加靈活，并不是固定不變的。21．C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從小學(xué)以后，我就喜歡像科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)這樣的學(xué)科。chosen選擇；evaluated評(píng)估；favoured喜歡；avoided避免。根據(jù)下文中的“Tome，thesesubjects，fullofdiscoveriesand___22__，seemtoplaymoresignificantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities.”可知，作者喜歡像科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)這樣的學(xué)科。故選C項(xiàng)。22．D考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我看來(lái)，這些充滿了發(fā)現(xiàn)和創(chuàng)新的科目似乎比人文學(xué)科在人類進(jìn)步中發(fā)揮著更重要的作用。formulas公式；puzzles困惑；challenges挑戰(zhàn)；innovations創(chuàng)新。根據(jù)上文中的“thesesubjects，fullofdiscoveries”可知，在作者看來(lái)，科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)這樣的學(xué)科是充滿了發(fā)現(xiàn)的，所以是有創(chuàng)新的。故選D項(xiàng)。23．A考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：而且，我總是自然而然地認(rèn)為這些科目比像英語(yǔ)這樣的課程更扎實(shí)、更嚴(yán)肅。automatically不知不覺(jué)地，自然而然地；consciously有意識(shí)地，自覺(jué)地；accurately準(zhǔn)確地；impatiently毫無(wú)耐心地。根據(jù)上文中的“Tome，thesesubjects，fullofdiscoveriesand__22__seemtoplaymoresignificantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities.”和下文中的“thoughtofthesesubjectsasmoresolidandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish”可知，作者一直認(rèn)為充滿了發(fā)現(xiàn)和創(chuàng)新的科目似乎比人文學(xué)科在人類進(jìn)步中發(fā)揮著更重要的作用。這是作者的固有印象，所以自然而然他會(huì)認(rèn)為這些科目比像英語(yǔ)這樣的課程更扎實(shí)、更嚴(yán)肅。故選A項(xiàng)。24．B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想，如果沒(méi)有正確答案，為什么還要麻煩去學(xué)習(xí)呢？根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Bytheendofclass，I’ddiscoveredthatquestionswithnorightanswercanturnouttobethemost__32__ones.”可知，作者本來(lái)以為英語(yǔ)學(xué)科很多都是沒(méi)有正確答案的。故選B項(xiàng)。25．B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是最近，我的一次經(jīng)歷教會(huì)我，我的學(xué)術(shù)興趣比我想象的更加靈活：我上了我的第一堂哲學(xué)課。根據(jù)下文中的“BeforeIenteredtheclassroom，Iwas__26__．Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations__27__intendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.ButwhatIgotwassomethingquite__28__．”可知，接下來(lái)要講述的是作者的經(jīng)歷。故選B項(xiàng)。26．C考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我進(jìn)入教室之前，我是存有疑慮的。根據(jù)下文中的“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations__27__intendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.”可知，作者本來(lái)以為哲學(xué)課是很枯燥的，所以應(yīng)該是對(duì)這門課沒(méi)有抱有很好的期待，而是充滿了疑慮。故選C項(xiàng)。27．C考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我想象著進(jìn)行一些冗長(zhǎng)而無(wú)聊的談話，自然而然地就以此來(lái)反思生命的意義。supposedly據(jù)說(shuō)；mistakenly錯(cuò)誤地；naturally自然而然地；previously以前地。根據(jù)上文中的“Butrecently，Ihadan__25__thattaughtmemyacademicinterestsaremoreflexiblethanIhadthought:Itookmyfirstphilosophyclass.”可知，作者本來(lái)以為哲學(xué)課是不靈活的，所以討論的問(wèn)題自然而然就會(huì)有對(duì)應(yīng)的結(jié)果。故選C項(xiàng)。28．C考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，我得到的東西確實(shí)是有些不同的。根據(jù)下文可知，在哲學(xué)課上，作者體會(huì)到的和想象的不一樣，作者之前認(rèn)為哲學(xué)很枯燥，但實(shí)際上很有趣。故選C項(xiàng)。29．C考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)穿著牛仔褲的年輕人，瓊斯先生——“但是你可以叫我羅伯”——與我想象中的那個(gè)白頭發(fā)、系著紐扣的老人大相徑庭。根據(jù)上文中的“Iwaitedoutsidewiththeotherstudentsandwonderedwhatexactlyphilosophywouldinvolve.Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations__27__intendedtoreflectonthemeaningoflife.”和“wasfarfromthewhite-haired，buttoned-upoldman”可知，作者在上哲學(xué)課之前，認(rèn)為哲學(xué)很無(wú)聊，認(rèn)為老師可能是個(gè)白頭發(fā)、系著紐扣的老人，但是當(dāng)作者見(jiàn)到老師是一個(gè)穿著牛仔褲的年輕人時(shí)感到很驚訝，這是與作者自己料想的不一樣。故選C項(xiàng)。30．A考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：羅伯沒(méi)有把我們拉進(jìn)關(guān)于難以理解的哲學(xué)觀點(diǎn)的無(wú)聊爭(zhēng)論中，而是站在我們的角度上吸引我們的興趣。根據(jù)上文中的“Ratherthanpullingusintodullargumentsaboutdifficult-to-understandphilosophicalpoints”可知，羅伯沒(méi)有把作者他們拉進(jìn)關(guān)于難以理解的哲學(xué)觀點(diǎn)的無(wú)聊爭(zhēng)論中，而是站在我們的角度上吸引我們的興趣。故選A項(xiàng)。31．C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：談到自由意志，我們看到了我們自己的障礙。choices選擇；abilities能力；obstacles障礙，阻礙；doubts懷疑。根據(jù)下文中的“Totalkmorals，welookedatdilemmaswehadfacedourselves.”可知，通過(guò)那些談話，作者他們意識(shí)到了自己的意志并不是無(wú)限自由的，而是有一些阻礙。故選C項(xiàng)。32．D考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：到課程結(jié)束時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有正確答案的問(wèn)題可能是最吸引人的。objective客觀的；effective有效的；encouraging令人鼓舞的；appealing吸引人的。根據(jù)上文第一段中的“Iftherewasnoright__24__，Ithought，whybother？”和第二段中的“Iimaginedgettingintoprettylongandboringconversations”可知，作者以前認(rèn)為，沒(méi)有答案的是沒(méi)有意義的，是枯燥無(wú)味的；而現(xiàn)在卻發(fā)現(xiàn)，沒(méi)有正確答案的問(wèn)題才可能是最吸引人的。故選D項(xiàng)。33．B考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我突然意識(shí)到，如果我放棄我的偏見(jiàn)，我實(shí)際上可以從曾經(jīng)不在意的科目中得到很多。confused使困惑；struck突然想到；warned警告；convinced使相信。根據(jù)下文中的“thatifIletgoofmy__34__，IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIoncethoughtlittleof.”可知，這是作者上課之后意識(shí)到的內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)。34．D考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上題。pride驕傲；concern擔(dān)心；assessment評(píng)估；prejudice偏見(jiàn)。根據(jù)第一段中的“Sinceelementaryschool，Ihavealways__21__subjectslikescienceandmath.Tome，thesesubjects，fullofdiscoveriesand__22__，seemtoplaymoresignificantroleinhumanprogressthanhumanities.AndIalways__23__thoughtofthesesubjectsasmoresolidandseriousthanclasseslikeEnglish.Iftherewasnoright__24__Ithought，whybother？”可知，作者以前對(duì)這些學(xué)科是有偏見(jiàn)的。故選D項(xiàng)。35．A考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這節(jié)課教會(huì)了我——用不止一種方法——用開放的心態(tài)去看待事物。根據(jù)上文中的“It__33__methatifIletgoofmy__34__，IcanactuallygetalotoutofthesubjectsIoncethoughtlittleof.”可知，作者意識(shí)到，對(duì)那些人文學(xué)科不能帶有偏見(jiàn)，要思想開放。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)Oneoftheeffectivewaystomakeforeignlanguageclassesinterestingisusingeducationalgames，36．________usuallyprovidefunandincreasemotivation.Thatgamesarefunseemstobe37．________(universal)accepted.Sometimesgamesare38．________welcomebreakfromtheusualroutineofthelanguageclass.Therefore，someteachersareenthusiasticaboutgames39．________ateachingtoolandoftenturntogames.Totheseteachers，playinggamesisaverygoodformtohelpachieveanactiveatmospherewherestudentscanacquireknowledgeaswellashavefun.Gamesincreasemotivation(動(dòng)機(jī))aswell.As40．________(know)，learningmotivationpromotesstudents41．________(work)forthepurposeofachievingsomegoals.The42．______(strong)motivationalearnerhas，themoretimeheorshewillspend43．________(learn)asecondlanguage.Gamesaremotivatingbecausetheyareamusingandatthesametimechallenging.Inplayinggames，inordertowin，toscorepointsortobeattheircompetitors，studentsgethighlymotivatedand44．________(absorb).Theyusethetargetlanguageunconsciouslyintheprocessofplayinggames.Learningishardwork，45．________gameshelpstudentsagreatdealinkeepingtheeffortoflearning.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了教學(xué)游戲在外語(yǔ)課中的重要作用。36．which考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：讓外語(yǔ)課變得有趣的有效方法之一是使用教育游戲，它通常提供樂(lè)趣并增加動(dòng)機(jī)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“36．________usuallyprovidefunandincreasemotivation”為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“educationalgames”，指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。37．universally考查副詞。句意：游戲的樂(lè)趣似乎已被普遍接受。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞accepted，作狀語(yǔ)，universal意為“普遍的”，其對(duì)應(yīng)的副詞為universally，意為“普遍地”。故填universally。38．a(chǎn)考查冠詞。句意：有時(shí)，游戲是語(yǔ)言課常規(guī)的一個(gè)受歡迎的休息活動(dòng)。分析句子可知，句中泛指一個(gè)受歡迎的休息活動(dòng)，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞。welcome以輔音音素開頭，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞a修飾。故填a。39．a(chǎn)s考查介詞。句意：因此，一些教師熱衷于將游戲作為教學(xué)工具，并經(jīng)常求助于游戲。根據(jù)句意可知，句中指將游戲“作為”教學(xué)工具，故空格處應(yīng)填介詞as。故填as。40．isknown考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：眾所周知，學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)促進(jìn)學(xué)生為實(shí)現(xiàn)某些目標(biāo)而工作。分析句子可知，句子為As引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。As代指“學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)促進(jìn)學(xué)生為實(shí)現(xiàn)某些目標(biāo)而工作”這件事，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，與know之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。asisknown意為“眾所周知”。故填isknown。41．towork考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：眾所周知，學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)促進(jìn)學(xué)生為實(shí)現(xiàn)某些目標(biāo)而工作。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短語(yǔ)promotesbtodosth，意為“促使某人做某事”，work作動(dòng)詞意為“工作”，故空格處應(yīng)填towork。故填towork。42．stronger考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：學(xué)習(xí)者的動(dòng)機(jī)越強(qiáng)，他或她花在學(xué)習(xí)第二語(yǔ)言上的時(shí)間越多。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“the＋形容詞比較級(jí)，the＋形容詞比較級(jí)”，意為“越……，越……”，空格處應(yīng)用形容詞，作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞motivation。strong意為“強(qiáng)烈的”，其比較級(jí)為stronger。故填stronger。43．learning考查動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。句意：同上題。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定句型“sbspendsometime(in)doingsth”，意為“某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。故空處應(yīng)填learning。故填learning。44．a(chǎn)bsorbed考查形容詞。句意：在玩游戲時(shí)，為了獲勝、得分或擊敗競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，學(xué)生們會(huì)變得高度積極和專注。分析句子可知，get為系動(dòng)詞，意為“變得”，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，absorb的形容詞為absorbed意為“專注的，全神貫注的”。故填absorbed。45．but考查連詞。句意：學(xué)習(xí)是一項(xiàng)艱苦的工作，但游戲在很大程度上幫助學(xué)生保持學(xué)習(xí)的努力。分析句子可知，句中“學(xué)習(xí)是一項(xiàng)艱苦的工作”和“游戲在很大程度上幫助學(xué)生保持學(xué)習(xí)的努力”之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but。故填but。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的流行，青少年上網(wǎng)遇到了很多網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全問(wèn)題。假定你是李華，你的好友Jack來(lái)信向你尋求建議，請(qǐng)你就“安全網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天”為話題，給他回一封電子郵件。內(nèi)容包括：1．保護(hù)個(gè)人隱私；2．不要點(diǎn)擊陌生鏈接；3．不要單獨(dú)與網(wǎng)友見(jiàn)面。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJack，_____________________________________________________________________