《單片機(jī)技術(shù)與應(yīng)用》 課件 項(xiàng)目一 智能車間指示系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與制作任務(wù)4

任務(wù)4流水指示燈設(shè)計(jì)與制作單片機(jī)技術(shù)與應(yīng)用項(xiàng)目一智能車間指示系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與制作任務(wù)4流水指示燈設(shè)計(jì)與制作【基礎(chǔ)任務(wù)要求】利用數(shù)組實(shí)現(xiàn)8個(gè)LED發(fā)光二極管從右至左依次點(diǎn)亮、8個(gè)LED全亮、8個(gè)LED全滅的效果。任務(wù)4流水指示燈設(shè)計(jì)與制作任務(wù)實(shí)現(xiàn)四步驟繪制控制電路圖搭接硬件電路硬件設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)試控制電路調(diào)試控制程序軟硬件調(diào)試仿真運(yùn)行在單片機(jī)開發(fā)板上運(yùn)行仿真運(yùn)行繪制流程圖用數(shù)組和循環(huán)語句編程實(shí)現(xiàn)流水燈控制軟件設(shè)計(jì)01020304重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)STC89C52單片機(jī)時(shí)鐘電路復(fù)位電路電源電路發(fā)光二極管電路系統(tǒng)框圖任務(wù)4流水指示燈設(shè)計(jì)與制作任務(wù)名:流水指示燈設(shè)計(jì)與制作元件名稱圖片型號(hào)數(shù)量Proteus中的名稱單片機(jī)芯片AT89C511AT89C51晶振12MHZ1CRYSTAL電容22pF2CAP電解電容22μf/16V1CAP-ELEC電阻1KΩ1RES電阻50Ω8RES發(fā)光二極管8LED-RED元器件選型硬件電路圖任務(wù)4流水指示燈設(shè)計(jì)與制作硬件設(shè)計(jì)-繪電路細(xì)致規(guī)范嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)小錦囊電路繪制規(guī)范：用統(tǒng)一規(guī)定的元件符號(hào)盡量避免導(dǎo)線的交叉導(dǎo)線要求橫平豎直設(shè)置元器件參數(shù)元件放在編輯區(qū)內(nèi)軟件設(shè)計(jì)如何用數(shù)組編程實(shí)現(xiàn)8個(gè)發(fā)光二極管從右至左點(diǎn)依次點(diǎn)亮、全亮、全滅效果？1重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)控制程序設(shè)計(jì)10P3.0000000P3.1P3.2P3.3P3.4P3.5P3.6P3.70100000000100000000100000000100000000100000000100000000111111111000000000x010x020x040x080x100x200x400x800xff0x00一、數(shù)組定義數(shù)組：是數(shù)目固定、數(shù)據(jù)類型相同的若干個(gè)變量的有序集合。unsignedcharled[10]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};數(shù)據(jù)類型數(shù)組名數(shù)組長(zhǎng)度數(shù)組元素知識(shí)鏈接數(shù)組必須先定義、后使用。數(shù)據(jù)類型數(shù)組名[常量表達(dá)式][，數(shù)組名2[常量表達(dá)式2]……]；

(1)”數(shù)據(jù)類型”是指數(shù)組元素的數(shù)據(jù)類型。(2)數(shù)組名，必須遵循標(biāo)識(shí)符命名規(guī)則；存放的是一個(gè)地址常量，它代表整個(gè)數(shù)組的首地址。(3)“常量表達(dá)式”可以是常數(shù)和符號(hào)常量、不能包含變量，其值指數(shù)組元素個(gè)數(shù)(又稱數(shù)組長(zhǎng)度)。例如：unsignedcharled[8];intscores[16];#definestudent16unsignedintk;unsignedcharled[k];intscores[student];Χ√#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;

while(1)

{for(i=0;i<10;i++){P3=led[i];delay(1000);}

}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//函數(shù)定義{unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}二、數(shù)組初始化給數(shù)組中的元素賦值，叫做數(shù)組初始化。數(shù)組初始化數(shù)組定義時(shí)初始化賦值語句初始化unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};定義數(shù)組初始化unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};led[0]led[1]led[2]led[3]led[4]led[5]led[6]led[7]led[8]led[9]數(shù)據(jù)類型數(shù)組名[常量表達(dá)式]＝{初值表}；unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};unsignedcharled[10];led[0]=0x01；led[1]=0x02；led[2]=0x04；led[3]=0x08；led[4]=0x10；led[5]=0x20；led[6]=0x40；led[7]=0x80；led[8]=0xff；led[9]=0x00；允許只給部分元素賦初值。例如：intscore[5]={75,80,85,90};

intscore[5];score[0]=75；score[1]=80；score[2]=85；score[3]=90；score[4]=0；三、一維數(shù)組元素的引用0x010x020x040x080x100x200x400x800xff0x0000000001000000100000010000001000000100000010000001000000100000001111111100000000unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};每一個(gè)數(shù)組元素都用數(shù)組名和唯一的下標(biāo)來表示。

數(shù)組名[下標(biāo)]數(shù)組元素下標(biāo)從0開始到(元素個(gè)數(shù)-1)使用循環(huán)程序處理數(shù)組0x010x020x040x080x100x200x400x800xff0x00led[0]led[1]led[2]led[3]led[4]led[5]led[6]led[7]led[8]led[9]存儲(chǔ)器ledled+1led+2led+3led+4led+5led+6led+7led+8led+9細(xì)致三、一維數(shù)組元素的引用unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};定義數(shù)組數(shù)組初始化unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};led[0]led[1]led[2]led[3]led[4]led[5]led[6]led[7]led[8]led[9]使用循環(huán)程序處理數(shù)組三、一維數(shù)組元素的引用四、循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)1、for語句1、for語句for(循環(huán)變量賦初值；循環(huán)條件；循環(huán)變量增值)表達(dá)式可以部分或全部缺省，但其間的分號(hào)不能省略{循環(huán)體；}僅有1條語句，可省略大括號(hào)#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){for(i=0;i<10;i++)

{P3=led[i];delay(1000);

}}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//延時(shí)函數(shù){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}for語句中的三個(gè)表達(dá)式都是可選項(xiàng)，可以省略，但必須保留“；”#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){

i=0;

for(;i<10;i++)

{P3=led[i];delay(1000);

}}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//延時(shí)函數(shù){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){

i=0;

for(;i<10;)

{P3=led[i];delay(1000);i++;

}}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//延時(shí)函數(shù){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}2.while語句while(循環(huán)條件){循環(huán)體;}while語句-先判斷后執(zhí)行特點(diǎn)：當(dāng)表達(dá)式的值一開始就為假時(shí)，循環(huán)體一次也不會(huì)執(zhí)行。有言在先#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){i=0;while(i<10)

{P3=led[i];delay(1000);i++;

}}}voiddelay(unsignedintk)//延時(shí)函數(shù){unsignedinti,j;for(i=0;i<100;i++)for(j=0;j<k;j++);}3.do-while語句do{

循環(huán)體；}while(循環(huán)條件);分號(hào)不能缺先斬后奏do-while語句-先執(zhí)行后判斷特點(diǎn)：循環(huán)體至少會(huì)被執(zhí)行一遍。3.do-while語句#include<reg51.h>unsignedcharled[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0xff,0x00};voiddelay(unsignedintk);//函數(shù)聲明voidmain(){unsignedchari;while(1){i=0;

do{P3=led[i];delay(100