24年英語(yǔ)中考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞課件

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解與練習(xí)2024中考復(fù)習(xí)

動(dòng)詞不定式

一

基本形式

“to＋動(dòng)詞原形”否定形式是在動(dòng)詞不定式前加notto是構(gòu)成不定式的符號(hào)，本身無(wú)意義，有時(shí)可省略

有動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，但沒(méi)有人稱與數(shù)的變化不能作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式及其賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。todo1．作賓語(yǔ)(1)常用不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)有want,begin/start,love,forget,remember,decide,agree,seem,wouldlike,plan,wish,promise,expect,offer,manage,prepare等。(2)跟在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞find,think等后作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面。Doyouthinkiteasytofinishtheworkwithinoneday？你認(rèn)為在一天之內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作容易嗎？2．作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(1)常用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有ask,teach,tell,invite,allow,order,invite,warn,advise,expect,want,wish,encourage等。(2)在使役動(dòng)詞make,let,have和感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,watch,notice等的后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to要省略。help后的不定式可帶to也可不帶to。3．作目的狀語(yǔ)不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)可位于句首或句末，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)還可用inorderto。Mrs.WangwenttoShanghaitoseeherdaughter.王太太去上?？此畠?。Tofinishthetaskontime,heworkedlateeveryday.為了按時(shí)完成任務(wù)，他每天工作到很晚。4．“疑問(wèn)詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)疑問(wèn)詞who,what,when,where,how,which等后接動(dòng)詞不定式，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。Ihaveagreatideaabout

howtosolve

theproblem.我有一個(gè)如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的好主意。Theteacheristellingthestudentswhattodonext.老師正告訴學(xué)生們下一步做什么。Hedidn'tknowwheretogo(＝whereheshouldgo)．他不知道去哪里。動(dòng)詞的－ing形式二既有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，也有名詞、形容詞的性質(zhì)可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)doing1．動(dòng)詞的－ing形式常用結(jié)構(gòu)(1)只能跟動(dòng)詞的－ing形式的動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)有avoid,consider,enjoy,feellike,finish,mind,practice,suggest,bebusy,begoodat,beinterestedin,can'thelp,giveup,putoff等。(2)have＋n.＋(in)doinghavefun(in)doing,havetrouble(in)

doing,haveahardtime(in)doing,haveproblems/difficulty(in)doing等。(3)todoing結(jié)構(gòu)中to是介詞be/getusedtodoing,lookforwardtodoing,payattentiontodoing,preferdoingtodoing等。2．有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng)詞的－ing形式，但表達(dá)的意思不同動(dòng)詞的－ed形式1．表被動(dòng)、完成意義，在句中作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等Theboyworeapairoffadedjeans.那個(gè)男孩穿著一條褪色的牛仔褲。(作定語(yǔ))Shefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.她發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)村莊變化很大。(作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))diddone2．動(dòng)詞的－ing形式與動(dòng)詞的－ed形式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別(1)動(dòng)詞的－ing形式作定語(yǔ)與它所修飾的名詞存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。asleepingchild一個(gè)正在睡覺(jué)的孩子adevelopingcountry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家boilingwater正在沸騰的水a(chǎn)surprisinglook一個(gè)令人吃驚的表情

2．動(dòng)詞的－ing形式與動(dòng)詞的－ed形式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別(2)動(dòng)詞的－ed形式作定語(yǔ)與它所修飾的名詞在邏輯上有被動(dòng)關(guān)系。thenovelwrittenbyMoYan莫言寫的那部小說(shuō)asingersurroundedbyagroupoffans一位被粉絲包圍的歌手asnow－coveredcity一座被雪覆蓋的城市練一練一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空1．Scienceismyfavoritesubject,soIhaveprepared________(join)theSTEAMClub.2．—Jake,wearetoldnot________(answer)thephonewhilecrossingthestreet.—Iamsorry.Iwon'tdoitagain.3．It'sreportedthatChinaplans________(send)astronautstothemoonbefore2030.4．Today,wemustcontinueworking________(keep)ourskiesblue,waterscleanandlandsclear.5．Manypeopleenjoy________(make)zongzibythemselvesattheDragonBoatFestival.6．Weshouldavoid________(make)anoiseinthelibrary.7．Mywatchdoesn'twork.Iwanttogetit________(repair)tomorrow.8．—I'mconsidering________(go)abroadforfurtherstudy,butIhaven'tdecidedyet.—You'dbetteraskyourEnglishteacherforsomeadvice.9．Mary'sfriendsarelookingforwardwithhopeto________(hear)fromher.10．—I'llhaveaten-dayholiday.ButIdon'tknowwhere________(go)．—HowaboutParis二、語(yǔ)法填空

MacauliesbythemouthoftheZhujiangRiver,only40mileswestofHongKong,withZhuhaiCityonthenorth.Soitiseasy1.________(reach).Ithasanareaofabout24squarekilometers,withapopulationof450，000.MostofthepopulationareChinese.

ThefirstforeignerstoreachMacaucamefromPortugal.MorethanfourhundredyearsagothePortugesecamehere2.________(do)businesswithChina.In1557,thegovernmentofGuangdongagreed3.________(let)Portugesetakethisplace.ThenthePortugesemadetheirhomeshere.Theybuiltchurches,schools,hospitalsandotherplaces.Slowlythecitygrew.Peoplefromallovertheworldcame4.________(live)andworkinMacau.

Today,manypeoplecometoMacau5.________(watch)dog－racingormotor－racing.TherearemanyoldbuildingsinMacau.Itisinteresting6.________(see)them.Whenyouaretired,therearesmallcoolgardens7.________(rest)in.Whenyouarehungry,therearegoodrestaurants8.________(eat)at.Nearbyaresomeislands.Theyareeasytogetto.Anditisalsonice9.________(visit)them.

SinceitsreturntoChina,Macauhastakenonanewlook.Itis10.________

(become)morebeautiful.ThereiscertainlyalotmoretoseeandtodoinMacau.CometoMacau.Macauwelcomesyou!一、1.tojoin

2.toanswer

3.tosend

4.tokeep5．making

6.making

7.repaired

8.going9．hearing

10.togo二、1.toreach

2.todo

3.tolet

4.tolive5．towatch

6.tosee

7.torest

8.toeat9．tovisit

10.becoming

1．Theboy__________(call)Bobisalwaysreadytohelpothers.2．Tokeep______________(protect)students'eyesight,ourschoolhastakenactioninrecentyears.3．—Mr.Mo,mysonissleeping.Wouldyoumind___________(turn)downyourradio—Sorry.I'lldoitatonce.4．Tomysurprise,myparentsagreed__________(go)totheconcertwithme.5．Allthechildrenarelookingforwardto___________(meet)thefamoussinger.6．IsawAlice___________(dance)whenIpassedherroom.7．Now,moreandmorepeoplechoosetowalkortakethepublictransportation____________(live)greenandbetter.8．Ifyouhavedifficulty___________(work)outtheproblem,youcanasktheteacherforhelp.9．—Doyouknowtherearemorethan5，000languages_______(speak)intheworld—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.10．—Whatdoyoumeanbysayingso—____________(make)thebossbelievewhatwesaid.LiSiqiistheownerofacube(魔方)storeinYunnan.Recently,using720cubes,hespenteighthours1.__________aportrait(肖像)ofWangYaping,oneofthethreeastronautsonShenzhouXⅢ.“Iwant2.____________myrespectforthethreeastronauts,especiallyWang,thefirstfemaleChineseastronauttoenterthespacestation，”HuangQiangsaid.Beforeleaving,Wangpromised3.____________starsforherdaughter.SonowWangis4.__________the“star－pickingmother”byChinesepeople.He